2022中考英语复习资料：定语从句考点和练习

2022中考英语复习资料：定语从句考点和练习

1、定语从句的功用和结构

2、关系代词和关系副词的功用

3、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。

【名师精讲】

一.定语从句的功用和结构

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：

Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.

Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?

IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?

ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.

二.关系代词和关系副词的功用

关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。

1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：

Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.

ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.

2.作宾语

SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.

Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.

3.作定语

关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：

What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?

Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.

4.作状语

I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.

ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.

下一页：各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：

Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.

Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：

Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?

Mr.Lee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.

3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：

Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.

Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.

4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：

Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.

Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.

5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.

Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?

6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.

HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.

7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.

Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.

四.关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：

Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroom

whichwehadlivedinfortenyears.

五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：

(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。例如：

Allthathesaidistrue.

(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。例如：

Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.

(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：

Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.

(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.

(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：

Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.

2.只能用which，不用that的情况：

(1)在非限制性定语从中。例如：

Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.

(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：

Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.

下一页：各地区中考题范例

各地区中考题范例

【中考范例】

1.(2004年哈尔滨中考试题)

---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?

---Yes,hedoes.

A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who

【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。

2.(2004年常州市中考试题)

Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.

A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that

【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。

3.(2004年扬州市中考试题)

---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?

---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.

A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which

【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。

4.(2004年益阳市中考试题)

Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.

A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who

【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。

下一页：定语从句满分演练

定语从句满分演练

【满分演练】

一.单项填空

1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

---Oh!It’sMr.Baker,ourmathsteacher.

A.heB.thatC.whomD.which

2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.

A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where

3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom

4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.

A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

5.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.

A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which

6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.

A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when

7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich

10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which

11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.

A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where

13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

15.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

二.用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句

1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.

2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.

3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.

4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.

5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.

6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.

7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.

8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.

9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.

10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.

三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.

2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.

4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.

5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.

6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.

7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.

8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.

9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?

10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.

下一页：中考定语从句练习题答案

中考定语从句练习题答案