考研考博-英语-东营职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东营职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Researchersaretryingtotellparentssomethingaboutwhatkindsofvideogameschildrenshouldbeplayingandhowmuchtimetheyshouldspenddoingit.Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.Researcherswhofollowed64boysfromtheagesof6to9forfourmonthsdiscoveredthatthosewhoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.Thiscomesontheheelsofanotherrecentlyreportedstudyaboutvideogames,whichconcludedthatkidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring―regardlessofage,sexorculture―thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.

ThestudyontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkwasconductedbyDenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.Itiscalled"EffectsofVideo-GameOwnershiponYoungBoys'AcademicandBehavioralFunctioning",andwillbepublishedinPsychologicalScience.

Boyswhoreceivedthesystemalsoshowedgreaterteacher-reportedacademicproblemsatfollow-upthanchildreninthecomparisongroup.Theresearchersfollowed64youngboysoverfourmonths.Parentsofthe64werepromisedaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation,plusthreeEratedgames.Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonthsandparentsandteachersansweredquestionsabouthowtheboysbehavedinschoolandathome.

Theconclusionsshowthat,boyswhowerethefirsttogetthePlayStationsspentmoretimeplayingvideogamesthantheboyswhodidn'tgetitimmediately—39.3minutesversus9.3minutes.(Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse).BoyswhoweregiventhePlayStationsrightawayspent18.2minutesadayinafter-schoolacademicactivitiesversus31.6minutesforthekidswhoweren't.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanthosewhodidn't.ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.

CerankoskysaidinastatementontheDenisonUniversityWebsitethatthereisn’t"necessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids.""It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork,”shesaid.Ifyouarewonderingwhyweneededastudytotellusthat,theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.

1.ThefirstparagraphimpliesthatEvaluationisneededbeforebuyingchildrenvideogames.T/F

2.Accordingtoresearchers,anewPlayStationIIgamingsystemhelpedstudentsimprovetheirreadingandwritingtestscores.T/F

3.Theeffectonyounggirlswhoplayviolentvideogamesprovestobelessseriousthanthatonyoungboyswhoplaythesameviolentvideogames.T/F

4.ThetworesearchersontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkareDenisonUniversitygraduates.T/F

5.Parentsofthe64boyswhowerechosenforthestudywereimmediatelygivenaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation.T/F

6.The64boyschosenweregivenaseriesoftestsbeforeandafterthefour-monthsresearch.T/F

7.Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse,buttheyplayeditforamuchshortertime.T/F

8.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedmuchlowertestscoresonmaththanthosewhodidn't.T/F

9.Thestudyshowsifkidsspentthetimeonschoolworkthattheywastedongames,theycoulddobetteronreadingandwriting.T/F

10.Theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwayscorrect.T/F

问题1选项

A.T

B.F

问题2选项

A.T

B.F

问题3选项

A.T

B.F

问题4选项

A.T

B.F

问题5选项

A.T

B.F

问题6选项

A.T

B.F

问题7选项

A.T

B.F

问题8选项

A.T

B.F

问题9选项

A.T

B.F

问题10选项

A.T

B.F

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:A

【解析】1.第一段提到“Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.一项新的研究证实了人们怀疑的事情：玩电子游戏的男孩在测试中比不玩电子游戏的孩子考试成绩更差。”可推断“在为小孩买电子游戏前需要进行评估”陈述正确。

2.第一段提到“...whoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.收到新的PlayStationII游戏系统的孩子比没有收到该游戏系统的孩子在阅读和写作测试上的得分较低”可推断“研究者称新的PlayStationII游戏系统帮助学生提高了阅读和写作测试的得分”的陈述不正确。

3.第一段提到“…kidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring—regardlessofage,sexorculture~thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.……玩暴力电子游戏的孩子不论年龄、性别或文化背景相比没有玩这些游戏的孩子会变得更有侵略性、更没有同情心”可知“暴力游戏对小孩的影响不分性别”，故该陈述“事实证明，对玩暴力电子游戏的年轻女孩的影响不如玩同样暴力电子游戏的年轻男孩严重。”不正确。

4.第二段提到“DenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008丹尼森大学副教授RebertWeis和在2008年毕业于丹尼森大学的BrittanyCerankosky”。“whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.”只是BrittanyCerankosky的后置定语，由此可推断“RebertWeis和BrittanyCerankosky两位研究人员并不都是丹尼森大学的毕业生”，故该陈述不正确。

5.第三段提到“Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.但是，一半的家庭是马上给予这个视频游戏系统，而另外一半的家庭是许诺在四个月以后给予该视频游戏系统”可推断该陈述“这64名被选中的参加这项研究的孩子父母立即获得了PlayStationII游戏系统，以此作为孩子们参与的条件。”不正确。

6.第三段提到“Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonths...孩子们在四个月前后接受了一系列的测试”可推断该陈述“这64名被选中的男孩在四个月的研究前后接受了一系列测试。”正确。

7.倒数第二段第一-句提到“首先得到PlayStations游戏系统的小孩相比没有马上得到该游戏系统的小孩花更多时间玩视频游戏，前者花在游戏上的时间是39.3分钟，而在朋友家玩游戏的后者用在游戏上的时间是9.3分钟”，可推断该陈述“尽管那些没有马上拿到游戏系统的男孩在朋友家玩，但他们玩的时间要短得多”正确。

8.倒数第二段提到“ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.但是，PlayStations视频游戏系统似乎对男孩的数学成绩和解决问题的能力没有影响。”可推断该陈述“马上得到视频游戏的男孩相比没有得到视频游戏的那些男孩取得更低的数学测试得分”不正确。

9.最后一段提到“thereisn’tnecessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids视频游戏本身并没有对小孩产生负面影响的东西”、“It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork.它(即视频游戏)这是一项活动，它减少了可以花在功课上的时间”可推断该陈述“这项研究表明，如果孩子们把时间花在学习上，而不是浪费在游戏上，他们的阅读和写作可以更好。”正确。

10.最后一段提到“…theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.研究人员说，传统的智慧并不总是准确的，通过实验来验证这些观点很重要。”可推断该陈述“研究人员认为传统智慧并不总是正确”正确。

2.单选题

Whatyouhavedoneis______thedoctor’sorders.

问题1选项

A.subjectto

B.opposite

C.resistantto

D.contraryto

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项subjectto“使服从，使遭受”，B项opposite“相反的，对面的”，C项resistantto“对……有抵抗力，耐……的”，D项contraryto“与……相反”。根据关键词doctor’sorders“医生的命令”和选项可知，空格处表示“违反，相反”符合句子意思。句意：你所做的与医生的命令是相反的。因此，该题选择D项正确。

3.单选题

Dr.Johnsonwasgrantedanhonoredtitlein____ofhisvaluableworkforthecollege.

问题1选项

A.advancement

B.acquisition

C.announcement

D.acknowledgement

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.advancement促进；推动B.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得；得到

C.announcement（指行动）宣布；宣告D.acknowledgement（对事实、现实、存在的）承认；感谢；谢礼

【答案】D

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：约翰逊博士被授予荣誉称号，以……他为学院所做的宝贵工作。根据逻辑，是由于约翰逊博士为学院做了贡献所以被授予荣誉称号，这个称号是用来感谢他的。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】约翰逊博士被授予荣誉称号，以表彰他为学院所做的宝贵工作。

4.单选题

Thereisariskthat（）chemicalsmightbeblastedintotheatmosphere.

问题1选项

A.destructive

B.toxic

C.evil

D.vicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项destructive“破坏性的、毁灭性的”，B项toxic“有毒的”，C项evil“邪恶的”，D项vicious“恶毒的”；句意：毁灭性的化学物质有在空中爆炸的危险。因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

In2008therewerefearsthatwemightenteranothereconomic（）asbadasthe1930s.

问题1选项

A.drop

B.recession

C.decrease

D.slump

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。drop“水滴”；recession“衰退，不景气”；decrease“减少，降低”；slump“（价格，数量等）骤降”。句意：2008年的时候，有人担心我们可能会进入与上世纪30年代一样严重的又一次的经济衰退。选项B更符合语境。

6.单选题

NewresearchbyHillaryPennellandElizabethBehm-MorawitzattheUniversityofMissourisuggeststhat,atleastforwomen,theinfluenceofsuperheroesisnotalwayspositive.Althoughwomenplayavarietyofrolesinthesuperherogenre,includinghelplessmaidenandpowerfulheroine,thefemalecharactersalltendtobehypersexualized,fromtheirperfect,seducingfigurestotheirsexy,revealingcostumes.Exposuretothis,theyshow,canimpactbeliefsaboutgenderroles,bodyesteem,andself-objectification.

Consider,forexample,superheromovieslikeSpider-manorSuperman.Theseaction-packedfilmstypicallyfeatureastrong,capable,intelligentmanfightingavillainousforce.Thegoalofcourseistosavehumanity,butmoreoftenthannotthereisalsoanimmediateneedtorescueafairladyindistress.Thefemalevictimistypicallydelicate,naive,anddefenseless,butatthesametimesexyandbeautiful.Whatshelacksinstrengthandcunningshemakesupforinkindnessandcurves.Itisnotsurprising(orinsignificant)thatsheisoftentheobjectofthehero’saffections.

PennellandBehm-Morawitzarguedthatexposuretothesestereotypicfemalevictims,whoseprimaryappealissexual,maylowerwomen’sbodyesteem,heightenthevaluetheyplaceonbodyimage,andresultinlessequalgenderrolebeliefsandexpectations.However,femalecharactershavecomealongwayinthesuperherogenre,andit’spossiblethattheantidotetothehelplessfairmaidenisthecompetent,commandingsuperheroine.

TheX-Menfilms,forexample,featureanumberofempoweringfemalecharacterslikeStorm,JeanGray,andDazzler,eachofwhomwieldsauniquespecialabilityanddisplaysimpressivecognitiveandphysicalcompetence.Perhapsexposuretothisnewgenerationoffemaleheroineswillresultinmoreequalgenderbeliefs,higherbodyesteem,andgreaterprioritizationofphysicalcompetenceoverappearance.

Still,today’ssuperheroines,liketheirfemalevictimcounterparts,areoftenunrealistic,sexualizedrepresentationsoffemalefigures,withlargechests,curvybacksidesandunattainablehourglassdimensions.Theirskin-tightoutfitsunderlinetheirsexualitywithplungingnecklinesandbareskin,andmanyoftheirnames(e.g.,Risque,Mystique,RubySummers)connote,shallwesay,aslightlylessrespectableprofessionthansuperheroine.

PennellandBehm-Morawitzthusspeculatedthatwhiletoday’spowerfulsuperheroinesmightelevateequalbeliefsaboutgenderroles,theirsexualizednaturemightsimultaneouslyhavedestructiveeffectsonbodyimageandself-objectification.

1.What’stheimpliedmeaningofthefirstparagraph?

2.Femalevictimsinsuperheromoviestendtobe（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theimageofstereotypicfemalevictimscanbeimprovedby

（

）.

4.ThefilmaudienceinParagraph4willmostprobablysupporttheideathat

（

）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?

6.WhatisHilaryPennellandElizabethBehm-Morawitzattitudetowardstoday’ssuperheroines?

问题1选项

A.Womenareeitherhelplessorpowerfulinsuperheromovies.

B.Superheromoviesdefinitelyinspirewomentobecomestronger.

C.Femalecharactersareextremelysexyandappealinginsuperheromovies.

D.Superheromoviesmakewomenobjectifythemselvesandquestiontheirbodyshapes.

问题2选项

A.formidableandquick-witted

B.sophisticatedandintimidating

C.pretentiousandloathsome

D.amiableandseductively-shaped

问题3选项

A.showingmorecompetentandheroicfemalecharacters

B.distinguishingthemfromthesuperheroines

C.turningthemintocapableandpowerfulsuperheroines

D.strengtheningtheirimageasinnocentandalluringmaidens

问题4选项

A.menandwomenareequal

B.specialabilitiesareunrealisticforfemales

C.womenshouldalwaysbeonadiettostayingoodshape

D.theimportanceofastrongbodyshouldbedownplayedcomparedwiththatofappearance

问题5选项

A.Femalerolesaredressedinrevealingandinvitingcostumes.

B.Leadingfemalerolesarestillstereotypedbyalluringbodies.

C.Manyofthesuperheroines’namesarerelatedwithundignifiedjobs.

D.Sexymaidensremainthetypicalimageoffemalevictimsinmovies.

问题6选项

A.Affectionate.

B.Respectful.

C.Objective.

D.Opposed.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:C

【解析】1.细节推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第一段。根据“Exposuretothis,theyshow,canimpactbeliefsaboutgenderroles,bodyesteem,andself-objectification.(超级英雄电影会让妇女质疑自己的性别角色、对身体的自尊，将自己降格为物件。)”即可得出本题答案。

2.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第二段。根据“Thefemalevictimistypicallydelicate,naive,anddefenseless,butatthesametimesexyandbeautiful.Whatshelacksinstrengthandcunningshemakesupforinkindnessandcurves.(超级电影中的女性受害者常常被刻画成柔弱、单纯、无助，然而又楚楚动人的形象。她们不强壮、不狡猾，于是用善良和身体的曲线来弥补。)”,即可得出本题答案。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第三段。根据“it’spossiblethattheantidotetothehelplessfairmaidenisthecompetent,commandingsuperheroine.(柔弱的女性角色可以通过刻画能干的、善于发号施令的女性超级英雄来改善。)”即可得出本题答案。

4.细节推理题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第四段。根据“…moreequalgenderbeliefs,higherbodyesteem,andgreaterprioritizationofphysicalcompetenceoverappearance.(新一代的女性英雄形象会带来更为平等的性别观念，增强对身体的自尊，更关注身体能力而不是长相。)”即可得出本题答案。

5.段落大意题。根据“areoftenunrealistic,sexualizedrepresentationsoffemalefigures(都是虚构的，都是情色化的女性人物。)”,即可得出本题答案。

6.观点态度题。根据题干关键词，可将信息点定位至原文最后一段。根据“mightelevateequalbeliefsaboutgenderroles(可能会提升对性别角色的平等信念)”“theirsexualizednaturemightsimultaneouslyhavedestructiveeffectsonbodyimageandself-objectification(他们的性化本质可能同时对身体形象和自我客观化产生破坏性的影响)”，可知他们的态度是比较客观的。从而得出本题答案。

7.填空题

Ihaveno（1）wholivesinthatgreythree-storyhouse（2）theroad.Iseelightsoninthewindowsmostevenings,butIhaveneversee（3）goinginorout.

【答案】1.idea;

2.across;

3.anyone

【解析】1.固定搭配。第一空是固定用法havenoidea不知道。

2.介词辨析。第二空应填入介词,后面说Iseelightsoninthewindows,由此可知观察者能看见那栋房子的方位,故填across。

3.语义题。第三空应填入宾语。前面是否定词never,因此填anyone。

8.单选题

Hisscheduleisjammedwithmeetingsandothersortsofevents;Iverymuchdoubtthathewillhavetimetoattendtheannualdramafestivalonourcampus.

问题1选项

A.jammedwithmeetings

B.verymuchdoubt

C.havetimetoattend

D.onourcampus

E.没有问题

【答案】E

9.翻译题

学习对于心灵而言，犹如食物对于身体一样重要。摄取足够的食物营养之后，身体才得以成长，肌肉才得以发达。同样，为保持敏锐的心智能力和扩充智力容量，我们应该日复一日地不断学习。不断学习为我们提供无尽的能量，它是跟上信息时代步伐最稳妥的方法，也是在变动的时代中取得成功的可靠保证。

【答案】Asfoodistothebody,soislearningtothemind.Ourbodiesgrowandmusclesdevelopwiththeintakeofadequatenutritiousfood.Likewise,weshouldkeeplearningdaybydaytomaintainourkeenmentalpowerandexpandourintellectualcapacity.Learningincessantlyisthesurestwaytokeeppacewiththetimesintheinformationage,andreliablewarrantofsuccessintimesofuncertainty.

10.不定项选择题

Intheevenings,theygotothemall.Onceaweekormore.Sometimes,theyevenleavethedinnerdishesinthesinksotheywillhaveenoughtimetofinishalltheerrands.Thefathernevercomes—hehatesshopping,especiallywithhiswife.Instead,hestaysathometoreadthepaperandputaroundhisstudy.Todothingsthattheotherdadsmustbedoingintheevenings.Tosummonthesandtocomerushinginandpluguphisearswithitsroaringsilence.

Meanwhile,themotherarmsherselfwithreturnsfromthelasttrip.HertwoyoungdaughtersforgetgamesofflashlighttagorfavoriteTVshowsandstrapontennisshoesandseatbelts:andthey’reoff.Onsummernights,whenit’slightuntilafterthefirefliesarrive,theairisheavyandmoist.Thedaughtersunrolltheirwindowsandstickthewholeoftheirheadsoutintotheslatebluesky,feelingfullforcethesweaty,honeysuckleair.Inthecoldmall,theirrubbersolessqueakonshinylinoleumsquares.Theyoungerdaughtertriesnottosteponanycracks.Theolderdaughterkeepsastraight-aheadgaze;hersulleneyescountdowneacherrandasit’sdone.

Itisnotuntilthethirdor,onagoodnight,thefourtherrandthatthetroublebegins.Thegirlshavewanderedovertoexaminerainbowbeachtowels,perhaps,orsomekindofpinkruffledbedspread.Themother’svoicefindsthemfromafewaislesaway.

Dinnersquirmsinthedaughters’stomachs.Nowcomesthatwhat-if-I-threw-up-right-this-second?Orwhere-is-a-rabbit-hole-for-me-to-fall-into?feelingthattheygetaroundthistimeofevening,atthemall.Theolderoneshakesherponytailsattheyoungerone.Herblueeyeshissthecareful-don’t-crywarning,buttheyoungerone’scheeksonlygetredder.Toebytoe,thedaughtersedgetowardshousewareswheretheyfingerlaceplacematsortracepatternsinthestorecarpetwithsneakeredsoles.Themother’svoicestillfindsthem,shakingwithrage.Finally,heelsslappinginhersandals,shestridestowardsthemandthenkeepsgoing.Theyfollow,catchingherword-trail,“Stupidpeople.Stupid,stupid,stupid.IHATEstupidpeople.”It’sthelittleskipsbetweenstepstheyoungeronetakestokeepupwithhermother’stong,angrylegs.It’sthecardoorslammingandtheseatbeltbuckleyankedintoplace.It’sthosethingsthattellthedaughtershowthenextfewhourswillgo.

Inthecar,theolderonesighsandgrindsherbackteeth.Theyoungeronefeelsherfacegethotterandhereyesstarttoswell.Shestaresatanicecreamstainonthebackofthefrontseatandseesapony,aflower,andafairyinthatsplashofchocolatemintchip.Themotherbeginsonbothatonce.“Andwhenwegethome,ifyourshoesarestillintheTVroom,I’mthrowingthemout.Sameforbooks.Nomoreshithouse.Nomorelazy,ungratefulkids.”AndsoonandsoonthroughtheblackvelvetskyandacrosstheHersheybarroads.Onintothehousewithaslaportwo.“You’llbehappywhenI’minmygrave,”wailsatthemastheyputontheirnightgownsandbrushtheirteeth.Theolderonesetsastonejawandtheyoungeronetriesnottosobassheopenswide,engulfinghersmallhandandscrubbingeachandeverymolar.

Thefatherisnotspared.Thevolcanicmothersavessomeupjustforhim.“Fuckinglousyhusband.Do-nothingfather.”Andonlikethatforanhourorsomore.Theninthedarkestpartofthenight,it’sbarefeetandcoolhandsonasmallsweatyforehead.Kissesandcaressesand“SorryMomgotalittlemad.”Promisesforthatpinkruffledbedspreadormaybeanewstuffedanimal.Longfingersrakethroughtheyoungerone’scurls.“Tomorrowevening,we’llgetyousomekindoftreat.Rightafterdinner,we’llgotothemall.”

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wegettheimpressionthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thetwodaughterseemto（）.

3.Theword“squirms”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesdoseNOTdescribethemother?

5.Whichcategoryofwritingdoesthetextbelongto?

问题1选项

A.thefatherisinert

B.theirlifeisbustling

C.theeveningareexciting

D.themotherisconstantlynagging

问题2选项

A.enjoytheevening’sshoppinginthebeginning

B.bereluctanttorunerrandswiththemother

C.enjoybrowsingvariouskindofitems

D.begladtohelptheirmotherwithhousework.

问题3选项

A.moves

B.squirts

C.wriggles

D.digests

问题4选项

A.Irritable

B.Remorseful

C.Amiable

D.Discontented

问题5选项

A.Narration

B.Description

C.Persuasion

D.Exposition

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Intheevenings,theygotothemall.Onceaweekormore.Sometimes,theyevenleavethedinnerdishesinthesinksotheywillhaveenoughtimetofinishalltheerrands.（晚上，他们去购物中心。一周一次或更多。有时，他们甚至把晚餐的碗碟放在水槽里，这样他们就有足够的时间完成所有的差事）可以得知B选项“他们的生活是忙碌的”正确，他们去购物中心还需要挤时间，代表他们的生活是忙碌的；根据题干可以定位到第一段Thefathernevercomes—hehatesshopping,especiallywithhiswife.Instead,hestaysathometoreadthepaperandputaroundhisstudy.Todothingsthattheotherdadsmustbedoingintheevenings.（父亲从不来——他讨厌购物，尤其是和妻子一起。相反，他待在家里看报纸，在他的书房周围。做其他爸爸晚上必须做的事情）可以得知A选项“父亲是懒惰的”错误，根据这些内容我们只能判断出父亲不喜欢购物，无法判断出父亲是否懒惰；C选项以及D选项未在第一段内提及。因此B选项符合题意。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Nowcomesthatwhat-if-I-threw-up-right-this-second?Orwhere-is-a-rabbit-hole-for-me-to-fall-into?feelingthattheygetaroundthistimeofevening,atthemall.（现在，在她们晚上闲逛商场的时候，出现了“如果我现在就吐出来”吗?还是“哪里有让我掉进的兔子洞?”的感觉）可以判断出B选项“不愿意和母亲一起跑腿”正确；根据第二段第二句HertwoyoungdaughtersforgetgamesofflashlighttagorfavoriteTVshowsandstrapontennisshoesandseatbelts:andthey’reoff.（她的两个年幼的女儿忘记了手电筒标签游戏或最喜欢的电视节目，系上网球鞋和安全带：然后她们就出发了）以及最后一句Theolderdaughterkeepsastraight-aheadgaze;hersulleneyescountdowneacherrandasit’sdone.（大女儿直视着前方；每做完一件事，她就用阴沉的眼睛数着）可以得知A选项“一开始就享受晚上的购物”和C选项“享受浏览各种各样的商品”错误；D选项在文章内没有提到；因此B选项符合题意。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。A选项“移动；感动”；B选项“喷射，喷出，挤”；C选项“扭动；蠕动”；D选项“消化；吸收”。根据关键字squirms可以定位到第四段Dinnersquirmsinthedaughters’stomachs.Nowcomesthatwhat-if-I-threw-up-right-this-second?（晚餐在女儿们的胃里蠕动着。现在感受到了“如果我现在就吐出来”吗?）可以推测squirms是蠕动的意思，因此C选项符合题意。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段Thefatherisnotspared.Thevolcanicmothersavessomeupjustforhim.“Fuckinglousyhusband.Do-nothingfather.”Andonlikethatforanhourorsomore.Theninthedarkestpartofthenight,it’sbarefeetandcoolhandsonasmallsweatyforehead.Kissesandcaressesand“SorryMomgotalittlemad.”（父亲没有幸免。易怒的母亲转而对父亲生气：“他妈的糟糕的丈夫。懒惰的父亲。”就这样持续了一个多小时。然后，在夜晚最黑暗的时候，她会光着脚，用凉的手捂着孩子那布满汗珠的小前额。亲吻、爱抚，并说道：“对不起，妈妈有点生气了。”）得知A选项“易怒的”，B选项“懊悔的”以及D选项“不满的”可描述母亲，而C选项“和蔼可亲的”不可，因此C选项符合题意。

5.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。Narration即记叙文，把人物的经历和事物的发展变化过程表达出来的一种表达方式。它是写作中最基本、最常见，也是最主要的表达方式，记叙文有六要素：人物、时间、地点、事件的起因、经过和结果；Description即描述文，是对人物的外貌、动作，事物的性质、形态和景物的状貌、变化所作的具体刻画和生动描摹；Persuasion不属于表达方式；Exposition即说明文，是用简明的语言、客观而准确地解说事物或阐述事理的一种表达方式；本文不属于说明文，也没有记叙文的六要素，属于描述文，通过文章描述了一位暴躁易怒又容易懊悔的母亲的形象，以及一个压抑的家庭。因为B选项正确。

11.单选题

Medievalistsusuallydistinguishmedievalpubliclawfromprivatelaw:theformerwasconcernedwithgovernmentandmilitaryaffairsandthelatterwiththefamily,socialstatus,andlandtransactions.Examinationonmedievalwomen’slivesshowsthisdistinctiontobeoverlysimplistic.Althoughmedievalwomenwerelegallyexcludedfromrolesthatcategorizedaspublic,suchassoldier,justice,jurymember,orprofessionaladministrativeofficial,women’scontrolofland—usuallyconsideredaprivateordomesticphenomenon—hadimportantpoliticalimplicationsinthefeudalsystemofthirteenth-centuryEngland.Sincelandequaledwealthandwealthequaledpower,certainwomenexercisedinfluencebycontrollingland.Unlikeunmarriedwomenwhowerelegallysubjecttotheirguardiansormarriedwomenwhohadnolegalidentityseparatefromtheirhusbands,womenwhowerewidowshadautonomywithrespecttoacquiringordisposingofcertainproperty,suingincourt,incurringliabilityfortheirowndebts,andmakingwills.

Althoughfeudallandswerenormallytransferredthroughprimogeniture(theeldestsoninheritingall),whennosonssurvived,thesurvivingdaughtersinheritedequalsharesunderwhatwasknownaspartibleinheritance.Inadditiontocontrollinganysuchlandinheritedfromherparentsandanybridaldowry—propertyawomanbroughttothemarriagefromherownfamily—awidowwasentitledtouseofone-thirdofherlatehusband’slands.Called“dower”inEngland,thisgranthadgreaterlegalimportanceundercommonlawthandidthebridaldowry;nomarriagewaslegalunlessthegroomendowedthebridewiththispropertyattheweddingceremony.In1215MagnaCarta(ThecharterofEnglishpoliticalandcivillibertiesgrantedbyKingJohnatRunnymedeinJune1215)guaranteedawidow’srighttoclaimherdowerwithoutpayingafine;thisdocumentalsostrengthenedwidow’sabilitytocontrollandbyprohibitingforcedremarriage.After1272womencouldalsobenefitfromjointure:thegroomcouldagreetoholdpartorallofhislandsjointlywiththebride,sothatifonespousedied,theotherreceivedtheselands.

Sincemanywidowshadinheritancesaswellasdowers,widowswerefrequentlythefinancialheadsofthefamily;eventhoughlegaltheoryassumedthemaintenanceoftheprincipleofprimogeniture,theamountoflandthewidowcontrolledcouldexceedthatofhersonorofothermaleheirs.Anyonewhoheldfeudallandexercisedauthorityoverthepeopleattachedtotheland—knights,rentaltenants,andpeasants—andhadtohireestateadministrators,overseeaccounts,receiverents,protecttenantsfromoutsideencroachment,punishtenantsfornotpayingrents,appointprieststolocalparishes,andactasguardiansoftenants,childrenandexecutorsoftheirwills.Manymarriedwomenfulfilledthesedutiesasdeputiesforhusbandsawayatcourtoratwar,butwidowscouldactontheirownbehalf.Widow’slegalindependenceissuggestedbytheirfrequentappearanceinthirteenth-centuryEnglishlegalrecords.Moreover,thescopeoftheirsway(a:acontrollinginfluenceb:sovereignpower:DOMINIONc:theabilitytoexerciseinfluenceorauthority:DOMINANCE;synonymsseePOWER.)isindicatedbythefactthatsomecontrollednotmerelysingleestates,butmultiplecounties.

26.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

27.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelyexpressesthemeaningoftheworld“sway”asitisusedinLine33ofthepassage?

28.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelydescribesthefunctionofthesecondparagraphofthepassage?

29.Accordingtoinformationinthepassage,awidowinearlythirteenth-centuryEnglandcouldcontrolmorelandthandidhereldestsonif（）.

30.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

问题1选项

A.Thetraditionalviewofmedievalwomenaslegallyexcludedfrommanypublicofficesfailstoconsiderthirteenth-centurywomeninEnglandwhowereexemptedfromsuchrestrictions.

B.Theeconomicindependenceofwomeninthirteenth-centuryEnglandwasprimarilydeterminednotbytheirmaritalstatus,butbytheirstatusasheirstotheirparents’estates.

C.Thelawsandcustomsofthefeudalsysteminthirteenth-centuryEnglandenabledsomewomentoexerciseacertainamountofpowerdespitetheirlegalexclusionfrommostpublicroles.

D.DuringthethirteenthcenturyinEngland,widowsgainedgreaterautonomyandlegalrightstotheirpropertythantheyhadhadinpreviouscenturies.

问题2选项

A.Vacillation.

B.Dominion.

C.Predisposition.

D.Inclination.

问题3选项

A.Providingexamplesofspecifichistoricaleventsassupportfortheconclusiondrawninthethirdparagraph.

B.Narratingasequenceofeventswhoseoutcomesdiscussedinthethirdparagraph.

C.Explaininghowcircumstancesdescribedinthefirstparagraphcouldhaveoccurred.

D.Describingtheeffectsofaneventmentionedinthefirstparagraph.

问题4选项

A.thewidowhadbeengrantedthecustomaryamountofdowerlandandtheeldestsoninheritedtherestoftheland

B.thewidowhadthreedaughtersinadditiontohereldestson

C.theprincipleofprimogeniturehad