考研考博-英语-兰州财经大学长青学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兰州财经大学长青学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Witheachsuccessivevisitourknowledgeofthoseregionsincreased.

问题1选项

A.successful

B.consecutive

C.fruitful

D.occasional

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我们对这些地区的了解每一次都在不断增加。successive意为连续的，接替的。successful成功的，一帆风顺的；consecutive连贯的，连续不断的；fruitful富有成效的，多产的；occasional偶然的，临时的。选项B与之意思相近。

2.单选题

A（）fromeveryperson,nomatterhowsmall,willhelptheRedCrossreachitsgoalof$100,000.

问题1选项

A.contract

B.concentration

C.contribution

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析题。contract合同,

合约；concentration专注,

集中；

contribution贡献,

捐赠；construction建筑。句意：每个人的贡献,

无论多么小,

都将帮助红十字会达到10万美元的目标。选项C符合句意。

3.单选题

Membersofaristocracydon’t______agreatdealofpowernowadays.

问题1选项

A.wield

B.manipulated

C.manage

D.sway

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项wield“使用，行使”，B项manipulate“操纵，操作，巧妙地处理”，C项manage“管理，经营，控制”，D项sway“影响，统治，使摇动”。空格处前面有助动词do，所以后面的动词应该用动词原形，排除B选项；宾语是power，只有wieldpower“掌握权利”符合语境。句意：现在贵族成员没有多少权力。因此，该题选择A项正确。

4.问答题

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】试题答案：C；that

【解析】考查名词性从句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表语从句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

5.单选题

Thenutritionofacommon-wealth（）theplenty,anddistributionofmaterialsconducingtolife.

问题1选项

A.consistsof

B.consistsin

C.isconsistentwith

D.iscomposedof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。consistsof“由组成”；consistsin“存在于”；isconsistentwith“与一致”；iscomposedof“由组成”。句意：共同财富的好处在于有益于生活的物质的丰富性和物质分配。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Hisstrongsenseofhumorwas（）makeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.

问题1选项

A.soasto

B.suchasto

C.sothat

D.suchthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项soasto“以便；以致”；B选项suchasto“到如此程度以致；像这个样子因而”；C选项sothat“以便；所以”；D选项suchthat“如此……以至于”。to后面不能直接加句子，排除A/B,sothat虽然可以是一个词组，但是在这个句子里，修饰的是“sense”，是个名词，应该用such。句意：他强烈的幽默感使房间里的每个人都捧腹大笑。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Inflationisaneconomicconditionin（1）pricesforconsumergoods（2）andthe（3）ofmoneyorpurchasingpowerdecreases.

Therearethreeimportantcausesofinflation.Thefirstandmostimportantcausemaybeexcessivegovernmentspending.Forexample,inorderto（4）awarorcarry（5）socialprograms,thegovernmentmayspendmoremoneythanithasreceivedthroughtaxesandotherrevenue,thuscreatingadeficit.Inorderto（6）thisdeficit,theTreasuryDepartmentcansimply（7）themoneysupplybyissuingmorepapermoneyto（8）thedebtsofgovernment.Thisincreaseinthemoneysupplywillcausethevalueofthedollarto（9）decrease.Thesecondcauseofinflationoccurswhenthemoneysupplyincreasesfasterthanthesupplyofgoods.（10）peoplehavemoremoney,theywillrunouttobuypopulargoods（11）televisionandcomputers,forexample,andashortagewillresult.

Industrywillthenproducemore,athigherprices,to（12）demand.（13），ifpeople

thinkthatthepricesofpopulargoodsaregoingup,theywillbuyandevenborrowmoneyathigh.（14）ratestopayforthem.Finally,iflaborunionsdemandthatworkswages（15）to（16）thehighcostofliving,industrywillmeethisdemandandaddothercostofproductionontothe（17）.（18）summary,allofthesecausescan（19）inflationaryproblemsthatcanaffectthewelfareofanation.However,ofthesethreecauses,（20）governmentspendingmaybethemostimportant.

问题1选项

A.which

B.that

C.this

D.what

问题2选项

A.lower

B.raise

C.decrease

D.increase

问题3选项

A.cost

B.price

C.value

D.spending

问题4选项

A.fight

B.pay

C.offer

D.finance

问题5选项

A.out

B.off

C.on

D.away

问题6选项

A.compensate

B.offset

C.exchange

D.accomplish

问题7选项

A.expand

B.spend

C.extend

D.explore

问题8选项

A.respond

B.return

C.meet

D.spend

问题9选项

A.excessively

B.automatically

C.timely

D.exceedingly

问题10选项

A.Whether

B.If

C.Though

D.Forfearthat

问题11选项

A.like

B.of

C.as

D.except

问题12选项

A.plenty

B.comply

C.satisfy

D.supply

问题13选项

A.Nevertheless

B.Otherwise

C.However

D.Furthermore

问题14选项

A.uninteresting

B.interesting

C.interested

D.interest

问题15选项

A.shouldincrease

B.increased

C.increase

D.beincreased

问题16选项

A.restrict

B.impose

C.cover

D.protest

问题17选项

A.controller

B.consumer

C.employer

D.manager

问题18选项

A.In

B.At

C.On

D.By

问题19选项

A.create

B.invent

C.discover

D.result

问题20选项

A.insufficient

B.processing

C.productive

D.excessive

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:B

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:B

第10题:B

第11题:A

第12题:C

第13题:D

第14题:D

第15题:D

第16题:C

第17题:B

第18题:A

第19题:A

第20题:D

【解析】1.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少一个引导定语从句的引导词，先行词是economiccondition，介词后面的定语从句引导词不能用that，因此选项A符合题意。

2.考查逻辑关系。根据后面的purchasingpowerdecreases可推断空格处的动词应该与decrease相反，所以选项D符合题意。

3.考查逻辑关系。根据并列连词or可知其前后的内容是相近的，因此the____ofmoney应该与purchasingpower意思相近，因此选项C符合题意。

4.考查动词词义辨析。fight“与……打仗”；pay“支付”；offer“提供”；finance“负担经费”。后面提到政府spendmoremoney（花更多的钱），可知前面是花钱在战争上，因此financeawar符合题意。

5.考查词组辨析。carryout“实施”；carryoff“夺去，夺得”；carryon“继续，参与”；carryaway“运走，使失去自制力”。与socialprogram搭配的动词词组是carryout，所以选项A符合题意。

6.考查固定搭配。compensate“补偿，赔偿”；offset“抵消；补偿”；exchange“交换”；accomplish“完成，实现”。offsetdeficit“弥补财政赤字”为固定搭配，选项B符合题意。

7.考查动词词义辨析。expand“扩张”；spend“度过，花费”；extend“延伸”；explore“探索”。根据后面issuingmorepapermoney可知前面是在扩大纸币供应，因此选项A符合题意。

8.考查固定搭配。meetdebts是“偿清债务”的固定搭配，选项C符合题意。

9.考查副词词义辨析。excessively“过分地”；automatically“自动地”；timely“及时地”；exceedingly“非常；极其”。空格处所在句子的大意是：货币供应量的增加将会导致货币价值自动下降。因此选项B符合题意。

10.考查条件状语从句。根据后面的主句theywillrunout…，主句使用将来时态可知空格处所在的分句是一个条件状语从句，因此选项B符合题意。

11.考查介词词义辨析。televisionandcomputers属于populargoods，前者是对后者具体的举例说明，因此选项A符合题意。

12.考查词义辨析。plenty“足够的”；comply“遵守，遵从”；satisfy“满足，说服”；supply“供给，提供”。Industrywillthenproducemore,athigherprices“工厂会以更高的价格生产更多的产品”，to表目的，“为了满足需求”，选项C符合题意。

13.考查逻辑关系。根据ifpeoplethinkthatthepricesofpopulargoodsaregoingup（如果人们认为快销产品的价格正在上涨），可知与前句是一个递进的关系，因此选项D符合题意。

14.考查固定搭配。interestrate“利率”是固定用法，选项D符合题意。

15.考查虚拟语气。demand后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语一般要用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，其中should可以省略；此外，workswages与动词increase之间是被动关系，因此要用被动式，选项D符合题意。

16.考查固定搭配。coverthecost“支付费用”是固定用法，选项C符合题意。

17.考查名词词义辨析。controller“控制器”；consumer“消费者，用户”；employer“老板，雇主”；manager“经理，管理人员”。空格处所在句子的大意是：生产方为满足要求会将生产成本加在消费者身上，因此选项B符合题意。

18.考查固定搭配。insummary“概括起来，总之”是固定用法，选项A符合题意。

19.考查动词词义辨析。allofthesecausescan79inflationaryproblems（所有这些因素都可能导致通货膨胀问题），四个选项中A与D都有“导致”的意思，但是result通常与介词in连用，因此选项A符合题意。

20.考查词义辨析。insufficient“不足的”；processing“加工”；productive“能生产的”；excessive“过多的”。文章讲述了导致通货膨胀的三个因素，第二段第二句话Thefirstandmostimportantcausemaybeexcessivegovernmentspending，由此可知选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

Thelittlegirlcouldnot（）hercuriositytoseewhatwasinthebox.

问题1选项

A.abstain

B.refrain

C.restrain

D.prevent

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项abstain“弃权；避免”；B选项refrain“节制；避免；制止”；C选项restrain“抑制；约束；制止”；D选项prevent“预防；阻止”。句意：小女孩……不住她的好奇心，想看看盒子里有什么。与“好奇心”搭配时选用C选项“抑制”更合适。

9.翻译题

(1)Educatinggirlsquitepossiblyoutputsahigherrateofreturnthananyotherinvestmentavailableinthedevelopingworld.Women’seducationmaybeunusualterritoryforeconomistsbutenhancingwomen’scontributiontodevelopmentisactuallyasmuchaneconomicasasocialissue.Andeconomicswithitsemphasisonincentives(激励),providesguidepoststhatpointtoanexplanationforwhysomanygirlsaredeprivedofaneducation.

Parentsinlow-incomecountriesfalltoinvestintheirdaughtersbecausetheydonotexpectthemtomakeaneconomiccontributiontothefamilygirlsgrowuponlytomanyintosomebodyelse'sfamilyandbearchildren.(2)Girlsarethusseenaslessvaluablethanboysandarekeptathometodohouseworkwhiletheirbrothsaresenttoschool—theprophecy(预言)becomesself-fulfillingtappingwomeninviciouscircle(恶性循环)ofneglect.

(3)Aneducatedmother,ontheotherhand,hasgreaterearningabilitiesoutsidethehomeandfacesanentirelydifferentsetofchoices.Sheislikelytohavefewerbuthealthierchildrenandcaninsistonthedevelopmentofallherchildren,ensuringthatherdaughtersaregivenafairchance.(4)Theeducationofherdaughtersthenmakesitmuchmorelikelythatthenextgenerationofgirls,aswellasofboys,willbeeducatedandhealthy.Theviciouscircleisthustransformedintoavirtuouscircle.

(5)Fewwilldisputethateducatingwomenhasgreatsocialbenefits.Butithasenormouseconomicadvantagesaswell.Mostobviously,thereisthedirecteffectofeducationonthewagesoffemaleworkers.Wagesriseby10to20percentforeachadditionalyearofschooling.Suchbigreturnsareimpressivebythestandardofotheravailableinvestments,buttheyarejustthebeginning.Educatingwomenalsohasasignificantimpactonhealthpractices,includingfamilyplanning.

【答案】1.在发展中国家，教育女孩很可能比其他任何投资都能产生更高的回报率。

2.因此，人们认为女孩不如男孩有价值，女孩被留在家里做家务，而她们的兄弟则被送去上学。这个预言自我应验，让女性陷入被忽视的恶性循环。

3.另一方面，受过良好教育的母亲在外挣钱的能力更强，并且面临着完全不同的选择。

4.她女儿受到的教育使下一代女孩更有可能和男孩一样，受到教育并且健康。

5.几乎没有人会对女性受教育具有巨大的社会效益提出异议，而这也具有巨大的经济效益。

10.单选题

MissRosemaryAdangwentthroughthecompositioncarefullyto（）allerrorsfromit.

问题1选项

A.eliminate

B.terminate

C.illuminate

D.alleviate

【答案】A

【解析】同形词辨析题。eliminate“排除；消除”；terminate“结束；终结”；illuminate“照亮”；alleviate“减轻；缓和”，“仔细地浏览作文”的目的是“排除错误”，符合逻辑，所以此处应该使用动词eliminate，故正确答案为选项A。句意为：罗斯玛丽亚当小姐仔细地浏览作文，以排除所有错误。

11.单选题

Inthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedthestudentstoreadafew（）fromHemingway’snovelAFarewelltoArms.

问题1选项

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项piece表示“片，段；部件；文章；作品”，B选项essay表示“散文；随笔；短文”，C选项fragment表示“片段，碎片，（文艺作品等）未完成的部分”，D选项extract表示“摘录，引文”。根据后文关键词fromHemingway'snovelAFarewelltoArms可知，老师要求学生读的是海明威小说《永别了武器》中的摘录，因此，本题正确答案为D选项。

12.单选题

Thejunior（

）wasimpatientforpromotionbutknewthathewouldonlygetitbysteppingintoadeadman’sshoes.

问题1选项

A.executive

B.explosive

C.captive

D.addictive

【答案】A

【解析】考察形近词辨析。executive总经理；执行官；explosive爆炸物，炸药；captive俘虏；addictive使人上瘾的。句意：这位初级执行官急不可耐地想要提升，但是他很清楚他只能等待填补死人的空缺。选项A符合句意。

13.单选题

Within,the（）ofgivendata,thebiographerseekstoilluminatefactualinformationaboutapersonandtransformsitintoinsight.

问题1选项

A.bounds

B.archives

C.networks

D.goals

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。bound界限，限制；archive档案文件；network网络；goal目标。句意：在给定数据的界限内，这个传记作家试图解释一个人的事实信息，然后将其转化为洞察力。

14.单选题

Whilethecompanyportrayeditsactionsinthedevastatedcityaspurely______itcouldnotshakeaccusationsofselfishnessandopportunism.

问题1选项

A.acquisitive

B.penurious

C.apropos

D.altruistic

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.acquisitive渴求获取财物的，贪婪的B.penurious贫穷的，穷困的

C.apropos恰好的，恰当的D.altruistic利他的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的句意“不能摆脱自私和机会主义的指责”可知，该公司的行为并不是像其宣称的“纯粹的利他主义”。因此，该题选择D项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句子意思。

【句意】虽然该公司将其在这座被摧毁的城市的行为描述为纯粹的利他主义，但它无法摆脱自私和机会主义的指责。

15.单选题

Undergraduatestudentshaveno

totherarebooksintheschoollibrary.

问题1选项

A.access

B.entrance

C.opportunity

D.path

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。accessto“接近，有权使用”。句意：本科生无法去图书馆使用里面的珍贵书籍。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

UKandChinahassomethingsimilarintheircompulsoryeducationsystem.Firstly,bothinUKandChina,“mostchildrenreceivefreeeducationalfinancefrompublicfunds,butsmallportionsattendschoolswhollyindependentofpublicfinancialsupport.’’Secondly,bothofthetwocountrieshavelawstoensurecompulsoryeducation.Thirdly,thetwocountrieshavethesamecurriculums.Forexample,accordingtoZhuYongtaoandWangLili,foreignlanguagesaretaughtasanintegralpartofthecurriculum,reflectingtheimportanceofBritish’srelationshipwithEuropeandChina’srelationshipwithEnglishspeakingcountries.Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.Fifthly,therearesomeimportantexamsforstudentsincompulsoryeducationsystemsinChinaandUK.InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.InChina,exceptforanexamforthesixthgradegraduatesinprimaryschool,thereisahighschoolentranceexaminationforJunior3students.

TherearelotsofdifferencesbetweenChinaandUKincompulsoryeducation.Itcanbedividedintofiveparts.

Firstly,theaimofeducationintheUKandChinaisnotquitesimilarwitheachother.AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto“developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole”.AndinChina,“it’stoleteveryoneaccepteducation,haveknowledgeandskillstomakelife.”

Secondly,theyearofcompulsoryeducationisdifferentbetweenthetwocountries.InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.

Thirdly,thescheduleofcompulsoryeducationinthetwocountriesisdifferent.AccordingtoWikipediaandSuiMingcai,Britishcompulsoryeducationcanbedividedintotwostages:primaryschoolsandsecondaryschools.Thestateschoolingwasfreeandcompulsoryuptothelegalschool-leavingage.WhileinChina,compulsoryeducationconsistsofprimaryschoolsandmiddleschools.

TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.Britishschooldayinmoststatesandindependentschools(exceptforinfantandjuniorschool)usuallystartsat8:45a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.InChina,everyschooldayismadeupoftwoperiodswhichare7:30a.m.to12:00a.m.,2:30p.m.to5:30p.m.Studentscangohomeforlunch.ItshowsthatChinesestudentsusuallyspendmoretimeatschool.

Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.

1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith（）.

2.InwhatwaydoesUKeducateitspeople?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.acomparisonstudyonfreeeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

B.acomparisonstudyoncompulsoryeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

C.acomparisonstudyonfinancialsystembetweenChinaandUK

D.acomparisonstudyonculturebetweenChinaandUK

问题2选项

A.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiestoservethecountrywholly.

B.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesfully.

C.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiesonlyforthebenefitofthesociety.

D.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesaswellastheabilitiesforthebenefitofthesociety.

问题3选项

A.ChildreninNorthernIrelandstartthecompulsoryeducationatanearlierage.

B.StudentsinUKspend16yearsforthecompulsoryeducation.

C.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationinChinais14years.

D.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationbothinUKandChinaisthesame.

问题4选项

A.TermsoftheschoolyearinUKdonotincludewinter.

B.StudentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.

C.StudentsinUKtaketwomainexaminationsnormallywhentheyare15and19yearsoldinthecompulsoryeducation.

D.StudentsinChinaspendmoretimeinschoolscomparedwithstudentsinUK.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了中国和英国教育的异同之处。因此B选项“关于中国和英国的义务教育体系的对比研究”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段中“AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto‘developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole’”，中文翻译为：按照SuiMingcai的说法，整体来看，英国教育的目标是充分发展个人能力和塑造这些能力以造福社会。可以得知D选项“英国旨在培养人民的个人能力以及造福社会的能力”符合题意。

3.【试题解析】推理判断题。由选项中关键词定位到文章“InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.”，中文翻译为：在英国，5岁开始上学（在北爱尔兰是4岁），16岁义务教育结束；而在中国义务教育开始于6结束于14岁，实行的是九年制义务教育。可以得知A选项“北爱尔兰的孩子在更早的年龄开始义务教育”符合题意。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。由A选项可以定位到文章中“TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.”，中文翻译为：英国的学年分为三期（秋、春、夏）；而中国是两个学期（春和秋），可知A选项“英国的学年不包括冬天”正确；由B选项可以定位到文章中“Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.”，中文翻译为：第四，中国和英国的学生都要6年完成初等教育。可知B选项“中国和英国的学生都花6年时间完成基础教育”正确；由C选项可以定位到文章中“InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.”，中文翻译为：英国有两次重要的考试。普通中等教育证（GCSE）考试通常是16岁的孩子参加。普通高级教育证书（GCEA）考试通常是在第二年年底由19岁的学生参加。可知C选项“英国的学生在义务教育阶段，一般是在15岁和19岁的时候参加两次主要的考试”错误；根据原文“Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.”，中文翻译为：此外，在英国，学龄儿童可以在家里或导师那里或以其他形式接受义务教育，而在中国，义务教育意味着学校教育。可以得知D选项“与英国学生相比，中国学生在学校的时间更长”是正确的。故C选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Theabilitytofocusattentiononimportantthingsisa（）characteristicofintelligence.

问题1选项

A.declining

B.defining

C.deceiving

D.defending

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项declining“下滑的；衰退的；倾斜的”；B选项defining“最典型的；起决定性作用的”；C选项deceiving“欺骗性的”；D选项defending“防守型的”。句意：把注意力集中在重要事情上的能力是智慧的一个（）特征。根据语境，defining“最典型的”和intelligence“智慧”搭配比较合理。因此B选项正确。

18.单选题

Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytothesocalleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthedividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positiveforcesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.Astheinternetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadinternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.Andthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheinternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwehaveeverhad.

Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisnottheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.Andtheinternetisnottheonlytoolwehave;butithasenormouspotential.Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedandanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructurefoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidnothavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sSecondWaveinfrastructure—includingroads,harbors,highways,ports,andsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,TheGermans,TheDutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain’sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyouaregoingtobe.Thatdoesnotmeanlyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.ButitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecominfrastructuresneedtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.

17.Digitaldivideissomething________.

18.GovernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecauseit________.

19.ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof________.

20.Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.

问题1选项

A.gettingworsebecauseoftheInternet

B.therichcountriesareresponsiblefor

C.theworldmustguardagainst

D.consideredpositivetoday

问题2选项

A.offerseconomicpotentials

B.canbringforeignfunds

C.cansoonwipeoutworldpoverty

D.connectspeopleallovertheworld

问题3选项

A.providingfinancialsupportoverseas

B.preventingforeigncapitalcontrol

C.buildingindustrialinfrastructure

D.acceptingforeigninvestment

问题4选项

A.howwelldevelopeditiselectronically

B.whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants

C.whetheritadoptsAmerican’sindustrialpattern

D.howmuchcontrolithasoverforeigncorporations

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】17.推理判断题。根据第一段第三句MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.（20年前，我和妻子曾就这个逼近的危险发表过演讲。），可知数字鸿沟带来消极影响，应该受到重视，所以C选项“全世界必须防备的”正确，D选项“被视作积极”错误。A选项“因为互联网而变得更糟”：根据第二段第二句和第五句Astheinternetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized…Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.（随着国际互联网越来越商业化……现在我认为，在未来几年，数字鸿沟将会缩小而不是扩大），可知数字鸿沟因为互联网而缩小，故错误。B选项“由发达国家造成的”：文中没有提到。因此C选项正确。

18.事实细节题。根据第二段第三句Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadinternetaccess.（越来越多的政府担心自己的国家会落后，想要普及互联网接入。），可知互联网可以帮助发展国家经济，所以A选项“带来经济发展潜力”正确。B选项“可以将资金从国外流入”和D选项“连接世界各地的人”：不是互联网能为国家带来的重要作用，故错误。C选项“能快速消除世界贫困”：根据第二段最后一句becausetheinternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwehaveeverhad.（因为互联网很可能是对抗我们曾经拥有的世界贫困的最强大的工具。），可知互联网不能快速消除贫困，故错误。因此A选项正确。

19.事实细节题。根据第三段第四句Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructurefoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.（那些仍然认为外国投资是对其主权的侵犯的国家，最好研究一下美国基础设施（一个社会的基本结构基础）的历史。），可知作者就外国投资的话题以美国为例，所以D选项“接受国外投资”正确。A选项“提供海外经济支持”，B选项“防止外国资本控制”和C选项“建设工业基础设施”：文章没有提到，故错误。因此D选项正确。

20.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三句ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyouaregoingtobe.（你拥有越多的外国资本来帮助建设第三次浪潮的基础设施，也就是现在的电子基础设施，你就会发展得越好。），可知电子基础设施在如今很大程度地影响发展，所以A选项“电子技术发展得多好”正确。B选项“是否对移民有偏见”，C选项“是否采用美国的工业模式”和D选项“它对外国公司有多少控制”：不是文章表达的重点，故错误。因此A选项正确。

19.单选题

Pleaserefrain（）smoking.

问题1选项

A.from

B.of

C.at

D.against

【答案】A

【解析】短语辨析。句意：请勿吸烟。Refrain和from搭配为固定短语，意为“制止，克制不做某事”，因此正确答案是A选项。

20.翻译题

电阻越大，其消耗（dissipate）的能量（energy）就越多。

【答案】Thegreatertheresistanceis,themoreenergyitdissipates.

21.单选题

Beforemovingtoanothercity,Amy（

）ofthehouseandthefurniture.

问题1选项

A.disposed

B.discarded

C.discharged

D.distributed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。disposeof意为“处理，解决”；discardof意为“丢弃”；dischargeof意为“执行（职责）”；distribute意为“分发，分配”。

句意：在搬到另一个城市之前，艾米处理掉了房子和家具。

22.单选题

Leaddeposits,whichaccumulatedinsoilandsnowduringthe1960'sand70's,wereprimarilytheresultofleadedgasolineemissionsoriginatingintheUnitedStates.InthetwentyyearsthattheCleanAirActhasmandatedunleadedgasuseintheUnitedStates,theleadaccumulationworld-widehasdecreasedsignificantly.

AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontributortothehighconcentrationofleadinthesnowinGreenland.ThenewstudyisaresultofthecontinuedresearchledbyDr.CharlesBoutron,anexpertontheimpactofheavymetalsontheenvironmentattheNationalCenterforScientificResearchinFrance.AstudybyDr.Boutronpublishedin1991showedthatleadlevelsinarcticsnowweredeclining.

Inhisnewstudy,Dr.BoutronfoundtheratiosofthedifferentformsofleadintheleadedgasolineusedintheUnitedStatesweredifferentfromtheratiosofEuropean,AsianandCanadiangasolineandthusenabledscientiststodifferentiatetheleadsources.ThedominantleadratiofoundinGreenlandsnowmatchedthatfoundingasolinefromtheUnitedStates.

InastudypublishedinthejournalAmbio,scientistsfoundthatleadlevelsinsoilintheNorth-easternUnitedStateshaddecreasedmarkedlysincetheintroductionofunleadedgasoline.

Manyscientistshadbelievedthattheleadwouldstayinsoilandsnowforalongerperiod.

TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyexaminedsamplesoftheupperlayersofsoiltakenfromthesamesitesof30forestfloorsinNewEngland,NewYorkandPennsylvaniain1980andin1990.

Theforestenvironmentprocessedandredistributedtheleadfasterthanthescientistshadexpected.

Scientistssaybothstudiesdemonstratethatcertainpartsoftheecosystemrespondrapidlytoreductionsinatmosphericpollution,butthatthesefindingsshouldnotbeusedasalicensetopollute.

1.Thestudypublishedinthejournal.Natureindicatesthat（）.

2.LeadaccumulationworldwidedecreasedsignificantlyaftertheuseofunleadedgasintheUS（）.

3.HowdidscientistsdiscoverthesourceofleadpollutioninGreenland?

4.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyhavefoundthat（）.

5.Itcanbeinferred,fromthelastparagraphthatscientists（）.

问题1选项

A.theCleanAirActhasnotproducedthedesiredresults

B.leaddepositsinarcticsnowareontheincrease

C.leadwillstayinsoilandsnowlongerthanexpected

D.theUSisthemajorsourceofleadpollutioninarcticsnow

问题2选项

A.wasdiscouraged

B.wasenforcedbylaw

C.wasprohibitedbylaw

D.wasintroduced

问题3选项

A.ByanalyzingthedatapublishedinjournalslikeNatureandAmbio.

B.Byobservingtheleadaccumulationsindifferentpartsofthearcticarea.

C.BystudyingthechemicalelementsofsoilandsnowinNortheasternAmerica.

D.Bycomparingthechemicalcompositionsofleadedgasolineusedinvariouscountries.

问题4选项

A.forestsgetridofleadpollutionfasterthanexpected

B.leadaccumulationsinforestsaremoredifficulttodealwith

C.leaddepositsarewidelydistributedintheforestsoftheUS

D.theupperlayersofsoilinforestsareeasilypollutedbyleademissions

问题5选项

A.arepuzzledbythemysteryofforestpollution

B.feelrelievedbytheuseofunleadedgasoline

C.stillconsiderleadpollution,aproblem

D.lacksufficientmeanstocombatleadpollution

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】细节事实题。由题干定位到第二段"AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontr