考研考博-英语-南昌影视传播职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南昌影视传播职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Oh,whatanuisance!It（）soeasyformetobringthosephotographsIwantedtoshowyou,andIhaveleftthemonthetableathome.

问题1选项

A.wouldhavebeen

B.hadbeen

C.wouldbe

D.was

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真讨厌,

我本来很容易就能把那些我想给你看的照片帯过来,

我却把它们落在家里的桌子上了。wouldhavedone为虚拟语气,

表示本应该做的事但却没有做。

2.单选题

Heisadeadringer（）hisfather.

问题1选项

A.to

B.for

C.with

D.after

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。Baadeadringerfor“容貌和……酷似，看上去一模一样的人”。句意：他的容貌与他爸爸酷似。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Theirnewpolicygave______toincreasedunemployment.

问题1选项

A.arise

B.arouse

C.raise

D.rise

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项arise“产生；发生；出现（常用于抽象事物）”；B选项arouse“引起；唤醒；鼓励；激发”；C选项raise“提高；筹集；养育；升起；饲养，种植”（及物动词，表示把某具体事物抬起高处或提高某抽象事物）；D选项rise“攀升；起床；升起；休会；（数量）增加；变得更成功”（使用范围广，既用于具体事物的“上升、增长”，又用于抽象事物的“上涨”）。根据固定搭配giveriseto“引起；导致；造成；产生”可知句意为：他们的新政策导致更多人失业。因此D选项正确。

4.单选题

IsadoraDuncanhasbeenoneofthemostenduringinfluenceson20thcenturyculture.Virtually,alone,sherestoreddancetoahighplaceamongtheart.Brakingwithconvention,shedevelopedfreeandnaturalmovementsinspiredbytheclassicalGreekarts,folkdances,socialdances,natureandnaturalforces.AswellasapproachtothenewAmericanathleticism,whichincludedskipping,running,jumping,leapingandtossing.Withfreeflowingcostumes,barefeetandloosehair,Duncanrestoreddancetoanewvitalityusingthesolarplexusandthetorsoasthegeneratingforeforallmovementstofollow.SheiscreditedwithinventingwhatlatecametobeknownasModernDance.

Bornin1878inSanFrancisco,Duncangrewupinachildhoodfilledwithimaginationandart.Hermotherintroducedher4childrentoclassicalmusic,Shakespeare,poetry,literature,andart.Isadora,theyoungest,spentmanyhoursplayinganddancingonthebeach,andeventaughtdanceclassestoyoungerchildrenasawaytoearnmoneytohelpherstrugglingfamily.InherteenageyearsshetravelledtoChicagoandNewYorkwithsomeofherfamilymembers,workingandperforminginvariousproductionsorvaudevilleshows,withlimitedsuccess.ItwasnotuntilshereachedLondonthatDuncanbegantofindacceptanceforherdancing.SheperformedinprivatesalonsforladiesofsocialStandingandtheirguests,inbothLondonandParis.Graduallyherpopularitygrew,andshebeganperformingongreatstagesthroughoutEurope.

Throughouthercareer,Duncanhadadrivingvisionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.ShebeganherfirstschoolinGermanyin1904selectingchildrenfromthepoorerclassesandprovidingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket.Thefinancialdrainofherschools(alsoestablishedinRussiaandParis,atvarioustimes)forcedDuncantotourandperformsconsiderably,leavingherSisterElizabethinchargeoftheschools.Althoughbelievinginwhatshesawasthechainsofmarriage.Duncanhadtwochildren,whoweretragicallydrownedin1913.Thefollowingyearsweredifficult,andshestoppeddancingforatime,butthenreturnedtodanceandparticularlytodevelopingherpupils.Sheevenadoptedsixofthesechildren,the"Isafortables"astheywerebilledbythepresslaterwhentheybegantoperformwithher.Tragically,Duncan'sownlifewascutshortin1921inacaraccidentinFrance.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Duncan'sgreatcontributiontomodemdancewasthrough（

）.

2.TheauthorsuggeststhatDuncan’sfirstrealsuccessas-aperformeroccurred（

）.

3.Thephrase"drivingvision"inline18isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenstatinginlines15-16that"Thefinancialdrainofherschools(alsoestablishedinRussiaandParis,atvarioustimes),forcedDuncantotourandperformconsiderably...”?

5.Thecommonfeatureofthetwotragediesmentionedinthe3paragraphis（

）.

问题1选项

A.performing

B.education

C.defining

D.restoring

问题2选项

A.inChicagoandNewYork

B.inprivatesalons

C.whenshewentonthegreatstagesinEurope

D.inLondon

问题3选项

A.careerpreference

B.cleargoal

C.pooreyes

D.educationalinterest

问题4选项

A.sheneededtokeepworkingtoearnenoughtomakerepairstodrainsinherschools

B.sheneededtocontinueearningmoneyinordertokeepherschoolgoing

C.itcostheralotofmoneytotraveltoallofherschools,whichwereindifferentcountries

D.thecostsofmaintainingtheschoolsweretoogreat

问题5选项

A.theyinvolvedmembersofthesamefamily

B.theyweresimilartypesofaccidents

C.theyhappenedaboutthesametime

D.theybothinvolvedchildren

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据题干信息“contributiontomodemdance”定位至文章第一段，由Virtually,alone,sherestoreddancetoahighplaceamongtheart.Brakingwithconvention,shedevelopedfreeandnaturalmovementsinspiredbytheclassicalGreekarts,folkdances,socialdances,natureandnaturalforces.AswellasapproachtothenewAmericanathleticism,whichincludedskipping,running,jumping,leapingandtossing.Withfreeflowingcostumes,barefeetandloosehair,Duncanrestoreddancetoanewvitalityusingthesolarplexusandthetorsoasthegeneratingforeforallmovementstofollow.（实际上，她独自一人把舞蹈恢复到了艺术的顶峰。有别于传统，她受希腊古典艺术、民间舞蹈、社会舞蹈的启发，形成了自由和自然的运动，以及运用新的美国运动方式，包括蹦跳，跑步，跳远、跳高和投掷。随着自由流动的服装，赤脚和蓬松的头发，邓肯将舞蹈恢复了新的活力，利用腹腔神经和躯干作为所有动作的前奏）可知邓肯的主要成就是通过她创新而有特色的舞蹈获得的，因此选A。

2.细节事实题。根据题干信息“firstrealsuccess”定位至文章第二段中，由...withlimitedsuccess.ItwasnotuntilshereachedLondonthatDuncanbegantofindacceptanceforherdancing（……取得了有限的成功。直到她到达伦敦，邓肯才开始发现她的舞蹈被认可了）可知在邓肯到达伦敦时，才开始取得了真正的成功，因此选D。

3.词义题。A选项“职业偏好”；B选项“明确的目标”；C选项“视力不好”；D选项“教育兴趣”。根据题干信息“drivingvision”定位至文章第三段Throughouthercareer,Duncanhadadrivingvisionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.（在她的职业生涯中，邓肯对幼儿教育有……），下文ShebeganherfirstschoolinGermanyin1904selectingchildrenfromthepoorerclassesandprovidingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket.（1904年，她在德国开办了她的第一所学校，从贫困阶层中挑选孩子，并从自己的口袋里完全满足他们的身体和物质需求）描写了她挑选以及培养学生，可知邓肯做这事有计划性，因此选B，更符合句意。

4.推理判断题。根据题干信息“ThefinancialdrainofherschoolsforcedDuncantotourandperformconsiderably...（学校的资金流失迫使邓肯巡回演出）”定位至文章第三段，由前句中的providingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket（从自己的口袋里完全满足他们的身体和物质需求）可知邓肯独自一人负责所有学生的花费，即学校的资金由她提供，因此B选项“她需要继续挣钱才能使她的学校继续运转”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。文章第三段中的提到了两起悲剧，由第一起Duncanhadtwochildren,whoweretragicallydrownedin1913可知邓肯的两个孩子在1913年被不幸淹死了，由第二起Duncan'sownlifewascutshortin1921inacaraccidentinFrance可知1921年，邓肯本人在法国的一场交通事故中去世了），因此A选项“事故涉及同一家庭的成员”符合题意。

5.翻译题

金银玉器是一个总称，通指对金、银等金属材质及玉石进行锻炼、雕琢加工而成的佩戴装饰品或观赏工艺品。

我国金银器的制造和使用已有三千多年的历史。在商代青铜文化闻名于世的同时，就已经出现了金器。从传世文物上来看，金银器品种繁多，应用广泛。小到金银首饰，大到佛塔供器，无不可以发现金银器的踪影。普通人家只是将金银器用作佩饰可收藏，官宦人家则更用作饮食、生活用具，而宫廷中金银器的使用则遍及佛事、饮食起居、冠服车马、陈设装饰等各个方面。从中可以想见金银器对我们传统文化及日常生活的深刻影响。

玉器是指用玉石手工雕刻琢磨而成，用于佩戴装饰或陈设观赏的艺术品。早期的玉器多用作礼器，少数用作佩饰。从良渚、红山文化遗址中出土的古玉来看，新石器时期的玉器用作祭祀、陪葬的礼器外，还有辟邪的神秘意味，同时还是权力、财富和尊贵的象征，用玉的阶层也只限于王公贵族。宋代以后，玉器的使用逐渐普及，大量的玉器皿、玉佩饰也进入了寻常百姓之家。玉在中国传统文化中具有特殊的意义，中国也赢得了“玉器之国”的美誉。

【答案】Gold,silverandjadewaresarethegenericterm,whichusuallyreferstobaldricorornamentalartsandcraftspolishedandcarvedoutofmetalmaterialslikegoldandsilverandjade.

Themanufactureanduseofgoldandsilverwarehasalreadyhadahistoryofmorethan3000yearsinourcountry.Goldwarehasappearedwhilebronzeculturewaswell-knownintheworldintheShangdynasty.Accordingtoculturalrelicshandeddownfromancienttimes,therearemanycategoriesinthegoldandsilverwarethathasbeenappliedinmanyfields.Goldandsilverwarescanbeseenanywhere,rangingfromgoldandsilverjewellerytoBuddhisttowerandworshippingutensils.Goldandsilverwaresaremerelyusedasbaldricthatcanbecollectedinaveragefamily,andtheyarefurtherusedasdietandlifeappliancesinanofficialfamily.Buttheuseofgoldandsilverwaresinthepalaceinvolvesallrespects,suchasBuddhistceremony,dietanddailylife,crownclothingandcoach,furnishingsanddecoration,etc.,fromwhichwecanimaginethattheinfluenceofgoldandsilverwareshasbeenreflectedprofoundlyinourtraditionalcultureanddailylife.

Jadewarereferstotheworkofartmanuallycarvedandpolishedoutofjadeandusedforwearingandornamentationorfurnishingsandappreciation.Mostoftheearlyjadeswereusedasritualvessel,andthenumberofbaldricisverysmall.IntermsofancientjadesunearthedintheLiangzhuandHongshanculturalrelics,apartfrombeingusedasritualvesselsinsacrificialandfuneraryactivities,jadewareintheNeolithicperiodalsohadthemysteriousmeaningofprotectingagainstevilspirits,aswellasasymbolofpower,wealth,anddignity.Furthermore,theuseofjadewaslimitedtoroyaltyandnobility.AftertheSongDynasty,theuseofjadearticlewasmoreandmorepopular,mostofjadewaresorjadeornamentscouldbeseenincommonfamily.JadeisendowedwithaspecialmeaninginthetraditionalChineseculture,andChinahasalsowonagoodreputationof“countryofjade”.

6.单选题

Thesonofthepresidentemerged（）fromthecourtafterallthechargesagainsthimweredroppedbecauseofalackofevidence.

问题1选项

A.downhearted

B.unfavorable

C.despicable

D.triumphant

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在所有指控因缺乏证据而被撤销后,总统的儿子得意洋洋地从法庭走了出来。

考查形容词辨析。downhearted没精打采的，垂头丧气的;unfavorable不宜的，令人不快的，不顺利的；despicable可耻的；triumphant成功的，得意洋详的。因此D符合句意。

7.单选题

Whathesaidinthemeeting（）everybodypresent.

问题1选项

A.disgusted

B.dismissed

C.disposed

D.disabled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。disgust“使厌恶，使作呕”；dismiss“解散，解雇”；dispose“处理，处置”；disable“使失去能力”。句意：他在会议上说的话使在场的每个人都（）。只有A项符合句意。

8.单选题

Asthedogdaysofsummerwane,mostpeoplearepreparingtosendtheirkidsbacktoschool.Inyearspast,thishasmeantbuyingnotebooksandpencils,perhapsevenanewbackpack.Butoverthepastdecadeorso,theback-to-schoolchecklisthasformanyalsoincludedanarrayofscreendevicesthatmanyparentsdutifullystuffintotheirchildren’sbag.

Thescreenrevolutionhasseenpedagogyundergoaseismicshiftastechnologynowdominatestheeducationallandscape.InalmosteveryclassroominAmericatoday,youwillfindsometypeofscreen—smartboards,Chromebooks,tablets,smartphones.Frominner-cityschoolstothoseinruralandremotetowns,wehaveacceptedtechintheclassroomasanecessaryandbeneficialevolutionineducation.

Thisisalie.

Techintheclassroomnotonlyleadstoworseeducationaloutcome,forkids,whichIwillexplainshortly,itcanalsoclinicallyhurtthem.I'veworkedwithoverathousandteensinthepast15years,andhaveobservedthatstudentswhohavebeenraisedonahigh-techdietnotonlyappeartostrugglemorewithattentionandfocus,butalsoseemtosufferfromanadolescentmalaisethatappearstobeadirectbyproductoftheirdigitalimmersion.Indeed,overtwohundredpeer-reviewedstudiespointtoscreentimecorrelatingtoincreasedADHD（多动症发病率）,screenaddition,increasedaggression,depression,anxietyandevenpsychosis.

Butifthatistrue,whywouldwehaveallowedthese"educational"Trojanhorsestoslipintoourschools?Followthemoney.

Educationtechnologyisestimatedtobecomea$60billionindustryby2018.Withtheadventofthe"CommonCore"in2010,whichnationalizedcurriculumarandtextbooksstandards,themultibillion-dollartextbookindustrybecameveryattractiveforeducationalgunslingerslookingtocapitalizeonthenewWildWestofeducationtechnology.Atabletwitheducationalsoftwarenolongerneededstate-by-statecurricularcustomization.Itcouldnowbesoldtotheentirecountry.

ThisnewGoldRushattractedpeoplelikeRupertMurdoch,nototherwiseknownforhisconcernforAmericanpedagogy,whowouldgoontoinvestover$1billionintoed-techcompanycalledAmplify,withthestatedmissionofsellingeverystudentinAmericatheirproprietarytablet-foronly$199-alongwiththesoftwareandannuallicensingfees.

Amplifyhiredhundredsofvideogamedesignerstobuildeducationalvideogames-whiletheyandothertechentrepreneursattemptedtosellthenotionthatAmericanstudentsnolongerhadtheattentionspanfortraditionaleducation.Theirsolution:Educatetheminamorestimulatingand"engaging”manner.

Butlet'slookmorecloselyatthatclaim.ADHDrateshaveindeedexplodedby50percentoverthepast10yearswiththeU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)indicatingthatratescontinuetorisebyfivepercentperyear.YetmanyresearchersandneuroscientistsbelievethatthisADHDepidemicisadirectresultofchildrenbeinghyper-stimulated.Usinghyper-stimulatingdigitalcontentto"engage”thosedistractedstudentsexacerbates(使……恶化)theproblemthatitendeavorstosolve.ItcreatesaviciousandaddictiveADHDcycle:Themoreachildisstimulated,themorethatchildneedstokeepgettingstimulatedinordertoholdtheirattention.

Murdoch'sAmplifywasn'ttheonlydubioused-techcash-grab.ThecityofLosAngeleshadenteredintoa$1.3billioncontractin2014tobuyiPadsloadedwithPearsoneducationalsoftwareforallofits650,000Kthrough12thstudents-untiltheFBIinvestigateditscontractandfoundthatnow-formerSuperintendentJohnDeasyhadacloserelationshipwithAppleandPearsonexecutives.(BeforethedealwaskilledinDecember2014,thePearsonplatformhadimcompletedandessentiallyworthlesscurriculumandsuchfeeblesecurityrestrictionsstudentsthatbypasstheminweeks.)

DespitetheAmplifyandLAdebacles,othersstillseektoconvincenaiveschoolsadministratorsthatscreensaretheeducationalpanacea.YetasmoreAmericanschoolslayoffteacherswhilesettingasidescarcebudgetdollarsfortech,manyeducatorsandparentsalikehavebeguntoask:Doanyofthesehypnoticmarvelsofthedigitalageactuallyproducebettereducationaloutcomesforthekidswhousethem?

Dr.KentaroToyama,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan’sSchoolofInformation,oncebelievedthattechnologyintheclassroomcouldsolvetheproblemsofmodernurbaneducation.NoLuddite,hehadreceivedhisPh.D.incomputersciencefromYaleandhadmovedtoIndiain2004tohelpfoundanewresearchlabformobilephonesandothertechnologiesthatcouldhelpeducateIndia’sbillion-pluspopulation.

Ratherthanfindingadigitaleducationalcure,hecametounderstandwhathercallstechnology's“LawofAmplification":technologycouldhelpeducationwhereit’salreadydoingwell,butitdoeslittleformediocreeducationalsystems.Worse,indysfunctionalschools,it"cancauseoutrightharm."Headded,"Unfortunately,thereisnotechnologicalfix...moretechnologyonlymagnifiessocioeconomicdisparities,andtheonlywaytoavoidthatisnon-technological.”

Weareprojectingourowninfatuationwithshinytechnology,assumingourlittledigitalnativeswouldratherlearnusinggadgets—whilewhattheycraveandneedishumancontactwithflesh-and-bloodeducators.

SchoolsneedtoheedthisresearchinordertotrulyunderstandhowtobestnurturerealintrinsiclearningandnotfallfortheSirensongofthetechcompanies-andalloftheirhypnoticscreens.

1.Theauthorimpliesthatthescreenrevolution（）.

2.Whatdoes“lie”inpara.3mean?

3.Whydotheclassroomhigh-techsattractpeoplelikeMurdoch?

4.“Luddite”inparagraph12meansapersonwhoisopposedto（）.

5.Itseemsthattheauthorapproveshighlyof（）intheclassroomandschooleducation.

问题1选项

A.hindersthechangeoftheteachingmethods

B.helpsthestudyofteachingmethodsdevelop

C.dominatesthestudyofteachingmethods

D.changestogetherwiththechangeofthestudyofteachingmethods

问题2选项

A.Techintheclassroomleadstoworseeducationaloutcomesforkids

B.NoteveryclassroomintheU.S.isequippedwithscreens

C.Technologyintheclassroomisnecessaryandbeneficialineducation

D.Raisedonahigh-techdietappearstobeadirectbyproductofthekids'digitalimmersion

问题3选项

A.Followthemoney

B.Followtheroutineofhigh-tech

C.Advocatefundamentaleducation

D.Enlargetheinfluenceoftheirownbrands

问题4选项

A.democracy

B.newtechnology

C.work

D.education

问题5选项

A.smartboards

B.chromebooks

C.humaninteraction

D.on-linelearning

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。题干询问：作者暗示，屏幕革命如何？根据原文第三段“Thisisalie”可知，这是作者对于上文提到的“…wehaveacceptedtechintheclassroomasanecessaryandbeneficialevolutionineducation.”这一观点持有否定态度，不应该将教室中的技术视为教育中必要且有益的发展。而根据原文第四段第一句“Techintheclassroomnotonlyleadstoworseeducationaloutcome,forkids,whichIwillexplainshortly,itcanalsoclinicallyhurtthem.”可知，这些技术不仅会使孩子们的课堂教学质量下降，还会对孩子造成伤害。因此，可排除B选项；根据第二段第一句可知，technology在教育界占有重要地位，而不是screenrevolution，故排除C；而D选项“随着教学方法研究的变化而变化”在原文中并未提及。所以，只有A项“阻碍教育方法的改变”最符合原文内容，故本题正确答案为A选项。

第2题:2.推理判断题。题干询问：第三段中的“lie”指的是什么？根据上下文可知，第三段中的this指代的是上文第二段提出的“将教室中的技术视为教育中必要且有益的发展”这一观点，作者认为这种观点就是谎言，所以是对这一观点进行否定。因此，通过分析上下文语境可知，“lie”是指C选项“课堂上的技术是必要的，对教育也是有益的”。A选项表示“教室里的科技导致了孩子们更糟糕的教育结果”，B选项表示“不是美国的每个教室都有屏幕”，D选项表示“在高科技饮食中长大似乎是孩子们沉浸数字的直接副产品”。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题干询问：为什么课堂高科技会吸引像默多克这样的人？在原文第五段，作者将课堂科技比作特洛伊木马，而课堂科技之所以能进入课堂，都是因为后文提到的“followthemoney”。接着作者讲到课堂科技拥有巨大的产业价值，而这样的淘金热自然会吸引默多克这样的大亨。由此可知，默多克这样的人被吸引而来主要是为了追求财富。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。

第4题:4.细节事实题。题干询问：第12段中“Luddite”是指反对什么的人？将“Luddite”定位到原文中第12段可以发现，Dr.KentaroToyama是一位非“Luddite”，而他认为课堂技术可以解决现代教育中的问题。那么，“Luddite”自然就是反对“课堂技术可以解决现代教育中的问题”的人，也就是反对新技术的人。由此可以判断，B选项表述符合原文内容，故本题正确答案为B选项。

第5题:5.细节事实题。题干询问：作者似乎高度赞扬课堂和学校教育中的什么？根据原文倒数第二段“Weareprojectingourowninfatuationwithshinytechnology,assumingourlittledigitalnativeswouldratherlearnusinggadgets—whilewhattheycraveandneedishumancontactwithflesh-and-bloodeducators.”可知，我们把自己对于科技的迷恋投射到了课堂上，认为我们的学生宁可学习使用小工具。然而，他们渴望和需要的是与有血有肉的教育者进行接触。所以作者提倡在课堂和学校教育中需要的是人与人之间的互动。因此，本题正确答案为C选项。

9.单选题

Thosewhoare______ofallcommonsensewouldbeeasilytakeninbytricksthatarefrequentlyexposedbythewise.

问题1选项

A.deprived

B.devoid

C.stripped

D.snatched

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项deprived“贫困的，穷苦的，严重匮乏的；（人）丧失的，被剥夺的”；B选项devoid“缺乏的；全无的”；C选项stripped“剥去的”；D选项snatched“一把抓起；夺去；抓紧时间做；反败为胜”。根据固定搭配bedevoidof“缺乏；没有……的；毫无……的；没有”可知句意为：那些缺乏常识的人很容易上当，而这些花招往往是由智者揭露的。所以B选项正确。

10.单选题

TheAmericansocietyis（

）anexceedinglyshakyfoundationofnaturalresourceswhichisconnectedwiththepossibilityofaworseningenvironment.

问题1选项

A.establishedon

B.affiliatedto

C.originatedfrom

D.incorporatedwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。（be）establishedon“建立在……之上”。句意：美国社会是建立在一种极其不稳固的自然资源基础上的，这与可能恶化的环境有联系。结合此处语义，A选项正确。

11.单选题

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

问题1选项

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教养的B.Regulated调节的

C.Civil国民的；平民的D.Tame养驯的，驯服的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气”可知，野象脾气不稳定，而驯服的大象会更温顺，所以空格处表示“驯服的”符合句意，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】驯象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气。

12.问答题

ThequestionIamaskedmostoftennowadaysisthis:arewebackto2008andanotherglobal

A

financialcrisisandrecession?Myanswerisastraightforwardno,butthattherecentepisodeof

B

C

globalfinancialmarketturmoilisliketobemoreseriousthananyperiodofvolatilityandrisk-off

D

behaviorsince2009.

【答案】试题答案：D;likely

【解析】考查固定搭配。belikelyto意为“可能”。

13.单选题

Itwasalreadyknownthatatleastsomegeneticabnormalitiesarecausedbytheabsenceofspecificproteins.

问题1选项

A.irregularities

B.similarities

C.activities

D.qualities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项irregularity“不规则；无规律；不整齐”；B选项similarity“类似；相似点”；C选项activity“活动；活动区；活动性”；D选项quality“质量，[统计]品质；特性；才能”。句意：人们已经知道，至少有些基因异常是由缺乏特定蛋白质引起的。结合此处关键词abnormalities“异常；畸形”，得知A为正确答案。

14.单选题

Thisisanidealsiteforauniversity

itisfarfromthedowntownarea.

问题1选项

A.providedthat

B.nowthat

C.inthat

D.sothat

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。providedthat“如果；条件是”；nowthat“既然，由于”；inthat“因为，由于”；sothat“以便，所以”。句意：这里是建大学的理想场所，因为它离市中心很远。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause

（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.

问题1选项

A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology

问题2选项

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

问题3选项

A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

问题4选项

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

问题5选项

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。根据第二段的内容“‘but’canrendertheapologyineffective...leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.”“但是”这个词会让道歉不起作用这让受伤害的人觉得他应该为自己的错误行为道歉，而不是期待别人的道歉。根据题干意思，如果一位母亲在道歉之后加上“but”这个词，。选项A和B均无法在原文中找到对应信息；选项C错误，这种道歉方式会让道歉无效，所以孩子并不会觉得容易接受；只有选项D“孩子可能觉得他应该向母亲道歉”符合原文，所以正确。

第2题:判断推理题。根据关键句“I'msorryyou'reupset.”定位到第三段最后一句“thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.”这表明你允许自己因为别人的所作所为感到沮丧，自己多少也有错。潜在意思就是说，我知道你很难过，但这不应该怪我。选项B符合原文。

第3题:判断推理题。根据第四段的内容“其次是笼统的一般性的道歉，它避免点明特别伤害或侮辱他人的具体行为，而且道歉的人应该承诺永远不再这样做。说“作为父母我很没用”并不能让一个人有任何具体的进步。”由此可推断，笼统的道歉并不能让一个人有任何具体的进步，所以它是无效的；而且是笼统的道歉，也就是模糊的，所以本题选C。

第4题:细节事实题。根据最后一段首句“Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.”即使孩子们看到了真诚悔悟的例子，他们仍然需要一些帮助来意识到道歉的复杂性。选项A与原文不符，所以错误；选项C太过于片面，帮助不一定来自于父母，不能只考虑这一种因素，所以选项C也错误；选项D在文中没有提及。根据下文具体的内容可知，作者是根据孩子的年龄来具体举例的，所以选项B“孩子的年龄应该被考虑进去”符合原文。

第5题:判断推理题。结合原文内容可知，本文主要讲的是父母应该如何更好的道歉以便能够教会自己的孩子道歉。不涉及社会问题，所以选项A和C范围过于宽泛，不恰当；选项B很明显不符合原文；选项D“道歉并不像看起来的那么简单”符合原文，文章列举了几种道歉的表达方法并且提及道歉具有复杂性，所以选项D正确。

16.单选题

Etiquetteisnotsimplyanaccessoryoftherich,usedto________theirexistingsocialstatus,butmakesuptheveryfabricofsociety.

问题1选项

A.reinforce

B.intensify

C.amplify

D.aggravate

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.reinforce加强，加固B.intensify增强，加剧

C.amplify放大，加强D.aggravate加重，使恶化

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】A、B、C、D四个选项都有“加强，增强”的意思。used是过去分词表被动，意为“被用来……”，空格处和下文的“socialstatus（社会地位）”构成动宾逻辑，表示礼仪作为富人的附属品来怎么样他们现有的社会地位。既然富人将礼仪作为一种工具，就说明礼仪对他们有利，会使他们现有的社会地位得到加强和巩固。reinforce指加强某事物的力量，使其更强大，因此A选项reinforce“加强，加固”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项intensify“增强，加剧”指使情感或事态在程度或强度上剧烈地增加，不能和“socialstatus（社会地位）”进行搭配；

C选项amplify“放大，加强”指增强某事物的声音等强度或在某个陈述中添加细节，不能和“socialstatus（社会地位）”进行搭配；

D选项aggravate“加重，使恶化”指使糟糕或不愉快的情况恶化，富人现有的社会地位并不糟糕，不符合题干的语义逻辑。

【句意】礼仪不仅是富人的附属品，用来加强他们现有的社会地位，而且是社会结构的组成部分。

17.单选题

TheAmericanRevolution1775-1783,wasastrugglebywhichthethirteencoloniesthatweretobecometheUnitedStateswonindependencefromBritain.Bythemiddleofthe18thcentury,differencesinlife,thought,andespeciallyeconomicinterestshadformedbetweenthecoloniesandthemothercountry.TheBritishGovernmenttriedtoregulatecolonialcommerceintheBritishinterest,andprovokedcolonialopposition.ThecolonistsconvenedtheContinentalCongressandpetitionedthekingforredressoftheirgrievances.In1774BritainrespondedwiththecoerciveIntolerableActs.FightingeruptedonApril9,1775atLexingtonandConcord.TheContinentalCongressappointedGeorgeWashingtontocommandtheContinentalArmyandonJuly4,1776.adoptedtheDeclarationofIndependence.ThecolonialvictoryintheSaratogaCampaignhelpedforgeaFrench-Americanalliance,whichbroughtvitalaidtothecolonists.Thesurrender.October1781,ofGeneralCornwallisendedthefightingandtheTreatyofParis(1783)recognizedtheU.S.asanation.

TheAmericanRevolutionwasnotarevolutioninthesenseofaradicalortotalchange.Itwasnotasuddenandviolentoverturningofthepoliticalandsocialframework,suchaslateroccurredinFranceandRussia,whenbothwerealreadyindep