考研考博-英语-哈尔滨体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Fearshowedintheeyesoftheyoungman,whiletheoldmanlookedtiredand（）.

问题1选项

A.watery

B.wandering

C.weary

D.wearing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似词词义辨析。watery“水的，湿的”；wandering“徘徊的，流浪的”；weary“疲倦的，疲劳的”；wearing“磨损的，令人厌倦的”。句意：当那位老人看起来非常疲惫时，这位年轻人眼中露出恐惧。选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

AlltheplanetsinthesolarsystemexceptMercuryandVenushavenaturalsatellites,（）objectsthatrevolvearoundtheplanets.

问题1选项

A.which

B.ofwhich

C.whichare

D.andwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。后面的从句中缺少主谓，故C项符合题意。句意：太阳系中除水星和金星外的所有行星都有天然卫星，它们是那些围绕行星旋转的物体。

3.填空题

[1]Whatisdrug?Mostpeopleprobablythinkthereisaperfectsimpleanswertothisquestion.Infact,ifoneconductsaquicksurveyonanystreetcorner,onefindsthat,according[2]tovastmajorityofpeople,therearetwogroupsofdrugs:[3]thoseprescribedbydoctorsandthosepeopletakefornon-medicaluse.Asmedicineandthemedicalprofessionsare[4]generallyself-respectful,therearen’tanyobjectionstothe[5]useofprescribingdrugs.Whatmostpeopledon’trealizeisthatthoughprescribeddrugsareusuallybeneficial,theycanalsopresentaseriousproblem.Thereweremanypeople[6]addictedbytranquillizersbeforedoctorsbegantoprescribe[7]them:nowtherebeingliterallymillionswhodependonthem.[8]Anacceptanceoftheuseofdrugsfornon-medicalreasonsis[9]largelyamatterofaculture.SomeEasternpeoplethinktheuseofalcoholwithhorror,mainlyasaresultofreligiousupbringing.However,thesesamepeoplefreelyusemarijuana[10]withoutasecondthought,andthis,inturnisn’tacceptedinwesternculturewhichacceptsalcohol.Inmostwesternsocieties,thetea-or-coffee-breakisnowapartoflife,andhugequantitiesofthesedrinksareconsumeddaily.

【答案】1.perfect改为perfectly

2.tovastmajorityof改为tothevastmajorityof

3.thosepeople改为thosewhich/thatpeople

4.self-respectful改为respected

5.prescribing改为prescribed

6.by改为to

7.therebeing改为thereare

8.an改为the

9.amatterofaculture改为amatterofculture

10.and改为while

【解析】1.语法题。根据句子结构，可知要用副词修饰形容词simple，应该将perfect改为perfectly。句意：大多数人可能认为这个问题有一个非常简单的答案。

2.固定搭配。根据固定搭配themajorityof“大多数，大部分”，可知将tovastmajorityof改为tothevastmajorityof“绝大多数”。句意：对于绝大多数人来说，有两类药品。

3.语法题。根据句子结构，peopletakefornon-medicaluse为定语从句，先行词为those，所以应该添加关系代词which/that，在定语从句中作take的宾语。句意：医生开的药和非医疗用途的药。

4.词汇题。Self-respectful“有自尊心的”。根据句意：医学和医学专业通常是受尊敬的。所以应该改为respected“受尊敬的”。

5.词汇题。Prescribingdrugs中prescribing修饰drugs，处方药物，应该用过去分词作定语修饰drugs，prescribeddrugs“处方药”。句意：由于医学和医学专业受到普遍的尊重，人们并不反对使用处方药。

6.固定搭配。根据固定搭配beaddictedto“对……上瘾，沉溺于”，句意：有许多人对镇静剂上瘾。

7.语法题。根据句子结构，可知therebe句型表示“有”，根据定语从句中的depend，句子为一般现在时态，所以用thereare。句意：现在有数百万人依赖镇定剂。

8.语法题。根据theuseofdrugs，可知此处应表示特指，特指对非医疗用途药品的使用。所以用定冠词the。句意：对非医疗用途药物使用的接受很大程度上是一种文化问题。

9.语法题。不可数名词前不能用冠词an/a，culture为不可数名词，所以应该去掉a。句意：对非医疗用途药物使用的接受很大程度上是一种文化问题。

10.上下文逻辑关系题。上文提到这些人毫不犹豫地自由使用大麻，而下文提到这在西方文化中是不被接受的，可知上下文构成对比关系。And为并列连词，应该用表对比的连词while。句意：这些人毫不犹豫就随意吸食大麻，而这在接受酒精的西方文化中是不被接受的。

4.单选题

Ifyouwantto（）apleasantvisit,findoutasmuchaspossibleaboutthemannersandcustomsofyourhostcountry.

问题1选项

A.secure

B.ensure

C.assure

D.restore

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。secure"保护，使安全"，securesb./sth.使某人或某物安全；ensure后面一般接sth.或that从句，指“确保”；assure"使相信，使确信"，assure后面一般接sb.指向某人保证；restore"归还，修复"。句意：如果你想确保一次愉快的旅行，尽可能多地了解东道国的风俗礼仪。所以选项B正确。

5.单选题

Wewantto（）thelatesttechnologyintoschools.

问题1选项

A.announce

B.operate

C.introduce

D.cast

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项announce“宣布，述说”，announce…to“通知某人，向……宣布”；B选项operate“操作，经营”；C选项introduce“介绍，引进”，introduce…to“向……介绍”；D选项cast“投，抛，计算”。句意：我们想向学校推荐最新的技术。由选项意思和固定搭配可知，C选项符合句意。

6.单选题

Thatmythicalbeast,homoeconomicus,isutterlyclearaboutthepurposeofwork:togetpaid.Heiskeeneronleisurethanwork,andifmoneycanbegotwithouteffort,hedownstools.Ifrealpeoplefeelthesame,thenplentifulout-of-workbenefitsshouldbefoundinthesameplacesaswork-shycitizens.

Yetacross-countrycomparisonofbenefitsandattitudestoworkpublishedonJanuary28thfindspreciselytheoppositepattern.Researchersranked13countriesaccordingtotheirgenerosity(measuredbycomparingtypicalbenefitstothoseoutofworkwiththeaveragewageofaproductionworker)andtheircitizens’commitmenttowork(gaugedbyaskingwhethertheywouldworkiftheydidnotneedthecash,andwhethertheyregardedajobasmerelyawaytoearnaliving).Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.

Onereasonmaybetheskillsmake-upoftheBritishworkforce.Theresearchersfound,logicallyenough,thatprofessionalsandgraduatesweremorepositiveaboutworkthantheunskilledandnon-graduates.FewerBritonsthanNorwegians(whocametoponworkcommitment)haveprofessionaljobsordegrees.Butthisdoesnotentirelyexplaintheircomparativeimmunitytotheattractionsofhardwork:Britonsofeverysocialclassandlevelofeducationwerelesskeenonworkthantheircounterpartselsewhere.

Couldthe“dependencyculture”currentlyexcercisingBritishpoliticiansbesolvedbyraisingbenefits?Unlikely,saysAlisonPark,editoroftheannualBritishSocialAttitudesReport,inwhichthestudyappeared:attitudestoworkvaryfromcountrytocountryformanyreasons.Thegenerosityofwhatthereportterms“encompassing”states,allNordicwithLutherantraditions,mayhavebeenmadepossiblebyastrongworkethic,ratherthanastrongercommitmenttoworkhavingemergedasaresultofit.

Andworkincentivesareaffectedbyfeaturesofwelfaresystemsotherthanoverallgenerosity:“corporatist”statessuchasGermany,whichpayhigherbenefitstothosewithalongerworkhistory,maybeencouragingpositiveattitudestoworkbysuchconditionality.Britain’slittlebenefits,bycontrast,arelargelyindependentofpreviousemployment,whichmaymeantheyareseenasanalternativetowork,ratherthanasoneofthegoodthingsthatflowfromit.

6.“Work-shycitizens”inthelastsentenceofparagraph1probablyreferstopeoplewhoare（）.

7.Fromparagraph2,welearnthat（）.

8.Britonsareunmotivatedintheirworkmainlydueto（）.

9.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题1选项

A.incompetentfortheirwork

B.ashamedoftheirwork

C.unwillingtodotheirwork

D.irresponsiblefortheirwork

问题2选项

A.Britons’averagewageisthelowestinEurope

B.Britonsrelyheavilyongovernmentwelfares

C.Britonspreferleisuretowork

D.Britonsarenotenthusiasticinwork

问题3选项

A.weakworkethic

B.insufficientworkskills

C.lazylifestyle

D.defectivewelfaresystem

问题4选项

A.AmericansareprobablylessinterestedintheirworkthanBritons.

B.NorwegiansexceedBritonsinprofessionaleducation.

C.PeopleinNordiccountriesaremorecommittedtotheirworkthanGermans.

D.Thewelfareof“encompassing”statesmightbebetterthanthatof“corporatist”states.10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题5选项

A.AttitudetoWork:DiligentorIdle?

B.AttitudetoWork:Can’torWon’t?

C.WelfareSystem:StimulatororInhibitor?

D.WelfareSystem:MoreGenerousorMoreReasonable?

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干：第一段最后一句中的“work-shycitizens”可能指的是_________的人。通过关键词“work-shycitizens”可以定位到第一段最后一句话前后内容Ifrealpeoplefeelthesame,thenplentifulout-of-workbenefitsshouldbefoundinthesameplacesaswork-shycitizens.（如果现实中的人也一样如此，那么大量的失业福利应该在那些不愿工作的公民身上找到。），可知C选项“不愿去做他们的工作”符合题意。选项A“无法胜任他们的工作”，B选项“对自己的工作感到羞愧”，D选项“对他们的工作不负责任”。根据“失业福利”这个单词可知，Work-shycitizens指的是不愿工作而导致失业的人，所以A，B，D选项均不符合题意。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

2.推理判断题。题干：从第2段，我们可以学习到_______。根据第二段最后一句话Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.（一个国家越慷慨，其人民就越热衷于工作。英国人紧随美国人之后，福利最微薄，他们对工作最不感兴趣。）可知，D选项“英国人对工作没有热情”，符合题意。A选项“英国人的平均工资是欧洲最低的”，文章表达的英国福利最差，并不是说平均工资最低，属于概念混淆，所以A选项不正确。B选项“英国人严重依赖政府福利”，英国人享受的福利是最差的，所以B选项的表述也不正确。C选项“比起工作，英国人更喜欢休闲”，文中并没有提及英国人喜欢休闲，属于无中生有，所以C选项也不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

3.事实细节题。题干：英国人在工作中缺乏积极性主要是因为_________。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句话Onereasonmaybetheskillsmake-upoftheBritishworkforce.Theresearchersfound,logicallyenough,thatprofessionalsandgraduatesweremorepositiveaboutworkthantheunskilledandnon-graduates.（其原因之一可能是英国劳动力的技能的构成。研究人员发现，符合逻辑的是，专业人士和大学毕业生对工作的态度比无技能和没有大学学历的人更积极。），所以B选项“工作技能不足”符合题意。A选项“薄弱的职业道德”，C选项“懒惰的生活方式”，D选项“有缺陷的福利系统”，这三个选项在此处并没有提及。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。

4.推理判断题。题干：下列哪个选项可以从文章中推断出来？A选项“美国人对工作的兴趣可能不如英国人”，通过文章第二段最后一句话Themoregenerousastateis,thekeeneronworkitspeopleare,theyfound.Britons,whosebenefitswereleastafterthosethatAmericansget,wereleastkeenofallonwork.（一个国家越慷慨，其人民就越热衷于工作。英国人紧随美国人之后，福利最微薄，他们对工作最不感兴趣。），可知，美国人的福利待遇比英国好，所以美国人比英国人更加热爱工作，A选项不正确。通过文章第三段FewerBritonsthanNorwegians(whocametoponworkcommitment)haveprofessionaljobsordegrees.（拥有专业工作或学位的英国人少于挪威人（挪威人在工作承诺方面排名第一）），可知，B选项“挪威的职业教育超过了英国”，符合题意。通过文章第五段第二句话“corporatist”statessuchasGermany,whichpayhigherbenefitstothosewithalongerworkhistory,maybeencouragingpositiveattitudestoworkbysuchconditionality.（像德国这样的“社团主义”国家会给那些工龄较长的人更好的福利，他们可能通过这样的制约性来鼓励积极的工作态度。），所以德国人会更加投入工作，可推断出C选项“北欧国家的人比德国人对工作更投入”和D选项“包容国家的福利可能比社团主义国家更好”均不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。

5.主旨大意题。题干：下列哪一个是文章的最好的标题？文章第一段就指出，工作的目的就是获得报酬。第二段以英国人为例，说明人们对工作的积极性和国家的慷慨程度和福利有关。第三段指出英国人对工作不热情的另一个原因是缺乏技能。第四段指出每个国家对工作态度不同的原因有很多种，强烈的职业道德也是原因之一。第五段以德国的例子说明工作的动力还会受到福利体制的特点影响。文章主要说的是人的工作态度是积极的还是消极的受到方方面面的因素影响，所以本题选B选项“工作态度：不能还是不愿意？”正确。A选项“工作态度：勤奋还是懒惰?”对主旨的概括不够贴切，C、D选项都在说福利待遇，不能全面概括文章内容。综上所述，本题的正确答案为B选项。

7.单选题

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachinhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.

36.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat（）.

37.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves（）.

38.Humanresponsetostressis（）.

39.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto（）.

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?

问题1选项

A.stressisanimbalancebetweeninternalandexternaldemands

B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

问题2选项

A.consideringthesituationfromdifferentperspectives

B.imaginingyourselfmanagingthestress

C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms

D.agentleandpassivebreath

问题3选项

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

问题4选项

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderonhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughsuccessfulmanagement

问题5选项

A.Thingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthings.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】36.主旨大意题。定位在第一句Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.（压力是外界对我们的要求和满足这些要求的自身能力之间存在的失衡状态。）A选项“压力是内在需求和外在需求之间的不平衡”，由第一句可知压力是外在需求和自身能力之间失衡而产生的，表述有误，B选项“控制身体反应和思想是管理压力的有效手段”定位在最后两段的首句。Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.（控制身体的压力症状需要放松。）Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.（控制你的思想是压力管理的第二个主要因素。）本文开始介绍了压力产生的原因后面着重讲到了控制压力的方法。因此B选项符合原文，也是对文章的一个总体概括。C选项“放松是成功管理压力的关键”文中并没有进行对比，属于以偏概全。D选项“压力管理需要解决问题的方法”文中有详细给出控制压力的办法，故选B。

37.客观细节题。根据原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.（成功地管理压力需要思维的灵活性。也就是说，你必须考虑另一种观点。）由此可知，成功地管理压力，需要改变自己之前所持的一些观点。A选项“从不同的角度考虑”转换观点，从另一个角度进行考虑，正确。B选项“想象自己在管理压力”，C选项“放松技巧以消除身体症状”，D选项“轻柔而被动的呼吸”，B，C，D选项与题意无关，可排除，故选A。

38.客观细节题。定位第三段的第一句Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.（人们对冲突的反应不同，正如他们对压力的反应不同。）由此可知，每个人对待压力的反应是不同的。A选项“普遍的”，B选项“性别不同会有差别”，C选项“不变的”，A，B，C与句意不符，可排除。D选项“个体的；独特的”，符合句意，正确。故选D。

39.推理判断题。A选项“解释压力和冲突之间的关系”定位在第二段，文中只用了一小段简单带过，不可归为主要目的。Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.（有时，在高度紧张的冲突情况下，我们必须先处理压力，然后再处理冲突。）C选项“描述放松技巧”只是属于控制压力方法的一个举例，不属于主要目的。D选项“说服读者通过成功的管理来减轻压力。”管理一词过于笼统宽泛，目的需要具体。即可排除A，C，D选项，B选项“指导读者如何控制压力”，文章简单介绍压力后，最后两段着重介绍了控制压力的方法，能够给读者带来一些建议。故选B。

40.推理判断题。题意：下列哪个陈述包含在选择中，最直接地支持作者的观点，即压力是可控的？定位在最后一段Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.（你当前的观点给你造成了压力！你还必须避免把事情看得太重要，因为从不同的角度看事情可能会显得不那么重要。）可以知道从不同角度去思考一件事，对同样一件事的感受也会不同。由此可知，A选项“从不同的角度来看，事情似乎不那么重要”很好的说明了压力是可控的。B选项“压力是需求之间的不平衡”只是压力的一个表述，与可控性无关。C选项“人们对冲突的反应不同，就像他们对压力的反应不同一样”只是陈述每个人对待压力的方式不同，与压力的可控性无关。D选项“成功地管理压力需要事情的灵活性”根据原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.（成功地管理压力需要思维的灵活性。）主语不一致，故选A。

8.单选题

Inaperfectlyfreeandopenmarketeconomy,thetypeofemployer—governmentorprivate—schoolhavelittleornoimpactontheearningsdifferentialsbetweenwomenandmen.However,ifthereisdiscriminationagainstonesex,itisunlikelythatthedegreeofdiscriminationbygovernmentandprivateemployerswillbethesame.Differencesinthedegreeofdiscriminationwouldresultinearningsdifferentialsassociatedwiththetypeofemployer.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.Thus,onewouldexpectthat,ifwomenarebeingdiscriminatedagainst,governmentemploymentwouldhaveapositiveeffectonwomen'searningsascomparedwiththeirearningsfromprivateemployment.TheresultsofastudybyFuchssupportthisassumption.Fuchs,resultssuggestthattheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedentirelyofgovernmentemployerswouldbe14.6percentemployers,otherthingsbeingequal.

Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeithergovernmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemployees.Totestthishypothesis,BrownselectedalargesampleofWhitemaleandfemaleworkersfromthe1970Censusanddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemployees,governmentemployees,andself-employed.(Blackworkerswereexcludedfromthesampletoavoidpickingupearningdifferentialsthatweretheresultofracialdisparities.)Brown'sresearchdesigncontrolledforeducation,laborforceparticipation,mobility,motivations,andageinordertoeliminatethesefactorsasexplanationsofthestudy'sresults.Brown'sresultssuggestthatmenandwomenarenottreatedthesamebyemployersandconsumers.Formen,self-employmentisthehighestearningscategory,withprivateemploymentnext,andgovernmentlowest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.

OnecaninferfromBrown'sresultsthatconsumerdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.Inaddition,self-employedwomenmayhavemoredifficultythanmeningettinggoodemployeesandmayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions.

Brown'sresultsareclearlyconsistentwithFuchs'argumentthatdiscriminationbyconsumershasagreaterimpactontheearningsofwomenthandoesdiscriminationbyeithergovernmentorprivateemployers.Also,thefactthatwomendobetterworkingforgovernmentthanforprivateemployersimpliesthatprivateemployersarediscriminatingagainstwomen.Theresultsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminationisnothavingasmucheffectonwomen'searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.

1.Thepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatself-employedwomenmayencounterexcept（）

2.Astudyofthepracticesoffinancialinstitutionsthatrevealednodiscriminationagainstself-employedwomenwouldtendtocontradictwhichofthefollowing?

3.AccordingtoBrown'sstudy,women'searningscategoriesoccurinwhichofthefollowingorders,fromhighestearningstolowestearnings?

4.Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoesthepassageexplicitlyanswer?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthestatementsinthelastparagrapharemostprobably（）

6.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestdescribethecontentofthepassageasawhole?

问题1选项

A.discriminationfromsuppliers

B.discriminationfromconsumers

C.problemsinobtaininggoodemployees

D.problemsinobtaininggovernmentassistance

问题2选项

A.SomeexplicitresultsofBrown'sstudy.

B.Fuchs'hypothesis.

C.Asuggestionmadebytheauthor.

D.Sanborn'shypothesis

问题3选项

A.Governmentemployment,privateemployment,self-employment.

B.Self-employment,privateemployment,governmentemployment.

C.Privateemployment,self-employment,governmentemployment.

D.Privateemployment,governmentemployment,self-employment.

问题4选项

A.Whydoself-employedwomenhavemoredifficultythanmeninhiringhighqualityemployees?

B.Whydoprivateemployersdiscriminatemoreagainstwomenthandogovernmentemployers?

C.WhywereBlackworkersexcludedfromthesampleusedinBrown'sstudy?

D.Whydosuppliersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen?

问题5选项

A.Brown'selaborationofhisresearchresults

B.theauthor'sconclusions,basedonFuchs'andBrown'sresults

C.Brown'stentativeinferencefromhisdata

D.theauthor'scriticismsofFuchs'argument,basedonBrown'sresults

问题6选项

A.TheNecessityforEarningsDifferentialsinaFreeMarketEconomy.

B.HowDiscriminationAffectsWomen'sChoiceofTypeofEmployment?

C.TheRelativeEffectofPrivateEmployerDiscriminationonMen'sEarningsasComparedtoWomen'sEarnings.

D.TheRelativeEffectofDiscriminationbyGovernmentEmployers,PrivateEmployers,andConsumersonWomen'sEarnings.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

【解析】第1题:细节判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，个体经营的妇女可能会遇到消费者的歧视，供应商和金融机构的歧视，以及很难找到好的雇员。只有选项D没有提及。

第2题:细节推断题。原文只在第三段中提到金融机构，而这一段的内容是作者推断出来的，在上文中并没有直接说明。所以作者对于妇女会受到投资机构的歧视的推断与题目中的观点相矛盾。故答案为C。

第3题:细节推理题。根据第二段最后两句“Formen,self-employmentisthehighestearningscategory,withprivateemploymentnext,andgovernmentlowest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.”对男子而言，个体经营收入最高，私营企业工作其次，政府单位工作最低。对于女子来说，这个顺序正好颠倒过来了。所以选项A正确。

第4题:细节推断题。选项A、B和选项D在文中只是提出了观点，并没有进行回答，只有选项C在原文第二段中间括号部分解释了为什么不选黑人作为研究的对象的原因，即是为了避免由于种族差异而出现的工资差别。所以本题选C。

第5题:细节推理题。最后一段作者指出布朗的研究成果与法克的论据是明显一致的。接下来的内容是作者根据布朗和法克的研究成果而得出的结论。选项B正确。

第6题:主旨题。结合全文内容可知本文主要阐述了政府雇主、私人雇主和消费者对妇女收入的影响。选项D比较全面的概括了本文的中心思想。

9.单选题

ThesculpturallegacythatnewUnitedStates______itscolonialpredecessorswasfarfromarichone,andinfact,in1776sculpturesasanartformwasstillinthehandsofartisansandcraftspeople.

问题1选项

A.inheritedfrom

B.inheritedin

C.adaptedto

D.adoptedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项inheritedfrom“从……继承……”；B选项inheritedin非固定搭配；C选项adaptedto“适应于”；D选项adoptedto“采用”。句意：新美洲从其殖民前辈那里______的雕塑遗产远不是丰富的，事实上，在1776年，雕塑作为一种艺术形式仍然在工匠和手艺人手中。根据语境，A选项inheritedfrom“从……继承……”搭配legacy“遗产”比较合理，意指从先辈那里继承的雕塑艺术遗产，符合题意。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Hefeltagreatsenseof（）afterhissuccess.

问题1选项

A.fulfillment

B.fortification

C.innovation

D.illumination

【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。fulfillment“履行，实行，满足”；fortification“防御工事”；innovation“创新”；illumination“阐明”。句意：成功后他获得了一种满足感。选项A符合题意。

11.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingbland.Ifyouaddaword,putoninsertionmark(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)intheblank.(10%)

Example:

When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,

(1)an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs

(2)∕never

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum

wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.

(3)exhibit

Thetwinsoccuraboutonceineighty-sevenhumanbirths.

Alittlemorethanonequarteroftheseisidenticaltwins,

36.______

whichdevelopsfromtheequaldivisionofafertilizedegg.

37.______

Identicaltwinsarealwaysthesamesexandhavethesame

bloodgroupandeyecolor.Ifonehasagiftofmusic,itis

38.______

notsurprisingifotherdoestoo.However,ifoneisleft-handed,

39.______

theothermayberight-handed.Ifthehairofonegrows

clockwisefromthecrown,theother’shairmaygrow

counterclockwise.Fraternaltwinsdevelopfromtwoseparate

eggsthatwerefertilizedatthesametime.Theycanbeof

40.______

differentsexesandoftenlooknomuchalikethanother

41.______

membersofthesamefamily.Themorebabiesperbirth,

thelessfrequentlysuchbirthsoccur.Tripletsoccurabout

onein7569births,butsextuplets—multiplebirthsoffive—

42.______

occuroneinaboutfivemillionbirths.Multiplebirths

arecommonamonglowanimals,butidenticaloffspring

43.______

israre,exceptforonespeciesofarmadillo.Thefemale

44.______

armadilloalwaysgivesbirthuptoquadruplets.

45.______

【答案】36.is→are

37.develops→develop

38.of→for

39.∧other→the

40.were→are

41.much→more

42.five→six

43.low→lower

44.is→are

45.up→∕

【解析】36.由主语onequarterofthese（四分之一的双胞胎）可知，此处是分数引导的短语做主语，其谓语动词的数需要根据分数后面的名词来决定，此处的these是复数，因此be动词要用复数are，故改is为are正确。

37.定语从句中的关系代词which指的是identicaltwins（同卵双胞胎），所以从句中的动词要用复数形式，故改develops为develop正确。

38.gift表示“天赋”，一般与for搭配，故把of改为for正确。

39.这一句是说“如果双胞胎的其中一个有音乐天赋，那么另外一个有音乐天赋并不奇怪”，表示两者中的其中一个要用theother，表示特指；other单独使用表示“其他的”，为形容词。故在other前面添加定冠词the正确。

40.这一句的意思是“异卵双胞胎是由两个受精卵同时发育而成的”，为客观陈述，应该用一般现在时，所以that定语从句中的were要改为are。

41.由than可知，nomorethan为固定用法，表示“不比……更”，故改much为more正确。

42.破折号的内容是解释sextuplets（六胞胎）一词，而破折号说的是multiplebirthsoffive（5个胎儿的多胞胎），这明显与sextuplets不符，故改five为six正确。

43.这一句是说“多胞胎在低等生物中很常见”，而low表示“低的”，低级生物要用loweranimal表示，所以改low为lower正确。

44.offspring是复数名词，be动词应该用are，故改is为are正确。

45.表示“生产”应该是givebirthto，这里的up是多余的，所以把up去掉正确。

12.单选题

Imustleavenow.（

）ifyouwantthatbookIwillbringittomorrow.

问题1选项

A.Occasionally

B.Accidentally

C.Incidentally

D.Subsequently

【答案】C

【解析】副词辨析题。A选项Occasionally“偶尔，间或”；B选项Accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；C选项Incidentally“顺便，附带地”；D选项Subsequently“随后，后来”。句意：我必须得离开了。顺便说一句，如果你想要那本书，我明天就带过来。选项C符合语境。

13.单选题

LouisBrailledesignedaformofcommunication[A]enablingpeople[B]toconveyandpreservetheirthoughts[C]toincorporateaseriesofdotswhich[D]werereadbythefingertips.

问题1选项

A.enabling

B.toconvey

C.toincorporate

D.wereread

【答案】C

【解析】【答案】C

【考查点】介词的用法。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“……通过将指尖读出来的一系列点组合在一起，使人们能够传达和保存自己的思想”可知，incorporateaseriesofdotswhichwerereadbythefingertips表示方式状语，因此应选择介词by，故本题正确答案为将C选项改为byincorporating。

【句意】路易斯˙布莱叶设计了一种交流形式，通过将指尖读出来的一系列点组合在一起，使人们能够传达和保存自己的思想。

14.单选题

Thecriticsconsideredonlytheundesirablequalitiesintheartist’swork,whileignoringor______themoredesirableones.

问题1选项

A.criticizing

B.overlooking

C.deserting

D.flattering

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.criticizing批评B.overlooking忽略

C.deserting抛弃，遗弃D.flattering奉承，谄媚

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处与ignoring为并列成分，所以空格处的意思与ignoring（忽视）的意思相近，故B项符合。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句子意思。

【句意】批评家们只考虑了艺术家作品中的不良品质，而忽略了更可取的品质。

15.单选题

（

）canhelpbutbefascinatedbytheworldintowhichheistakenbythesciencefiction.

问题1选项

A.Everybody

B.Anybody

C.Somebody

D.Nobody

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。nobodycanhelpbut“情不自禁”，相当于everybodycan'thelpbut.句意：大家都情不自禁地被他科幻小说所代入的世界所吸引。故D项正确。

16.不定项选择题

Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.Hewantstoseewhatisreachingtowardshim,andtobeabletorecognizeoratleastclassifyit.Manalwaystendstoavoidphysicalcontactwithanythingstrange.Eveninsleep,whenheisfarmoreunguarded,hecanalltooeasilybedisturbedbyatouch.

Allthedistanceswhichmencreateroundthemselvesaredictatedbythisfear.Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter