考研考博-英语-四川电影电视学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川电影电视学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

TheForbiddenCityistheformerimperialpalaceinthecenterofBeijing,China.A.Constructionbeganin1406,andtheemperor’scourtofficiallymovedinby1420.TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls.Evengovernmentofficialsandtheimperialfamilywerepermittedonlylimitedaccess.Onlytheemperorcouldenteranysectionatwill.

ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples.Allbuildingswithinthewallsfollowanorth-southline,andthemostimportantonesfacesouthtohonorthesun.Thedesignersarrangedtheotherbuildings,andtheceremonialspacesbetweenthem,toimpressallvisitorswiththegreatpoweroftheEmperor,whilereinforcingtheinsignificanceoftheindividual.Thisarchitecturalconceptwascarriedouttothesmallestdetail.Forexample,theimportanceofabuildingwasdeterminednotonlybyitsheightorwidthbutalsobythestyleofitsroofandthequantityofstatuettesplacedontheroof’sridges.

Inrecognitionoftheimportanceofitsunparalleledarchitecture,UNESCOaddedthepalacetoitsWorldHeritageListin1987.Today,visitorsfromallovertheworlddonotwaitforanimperialinvitationtowalkaboutthispalace,nowamuseumofimperialart.

OneofthemostimpressivelandmarksoftheForbiddenCityistheMeridianGate,theformalentrancetothesouthernsideoftheForbiddenCity.Thegate,withitsauxiliarywingsoneithersideoftheentryway,is38metershighatitsroofridge.Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations.

Asyouwalkthroughthegate,youcomeintoalargecourtyard,140meterslongand210meterswide.RunningthroughthecourtyardistheGoldenRiver,whichiscrossedbyfiveparallelwhitemarblebridges.ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony,which,inturn,leadstotheheartoftheForbiddenCity.Itsthreemainhallsstandatopathree-tieredmarbleterraceoverlookinganimmenseplaza.A.Theplazahasenoughspacetoholdtensofthousandsofsubjectspayinghomagetotheemperor.

AtthenorthernmostendoftheForbiddenCityistheImperialGarden,whichistotallydifferentfromtherestofthecompound.D.Insteadofrigidformality,youseeaseemingspontaneousarrangementoftrees,fishponds,flowerbeds,andsculpture.Hereistheplaceofrelaxationfortheemperor.

1.Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.

2.Fromthepassage,itisimpliedthatthemainentranceareatotheForbiddenCityis.

3.Whichphraseisclosestinmeaningtotheword“proclamations”inparagraph4?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdothebridgesovertheGoldenRiverleadto?

问题1选项

A.Chinesearchitectsborrowedideasfrommanydifferentcountries

B.thedesignoftheForbiddenCityisdullandcolorless

C.thearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityexemplifiestraditionalChinesevalues

D.thegardenoftheForbiddenCitywaslaidoutinastrict,rectangularpattern

问题2选项

A.surroundedbythreetallwalls

B.paintedgoldandgreen

C.decoratedwithstatuettes

D.notveryimpressive

问题3选项

A.Musiccomposedforpublicceremonies

B.Speechesencouragingsoldierstofight

C.Officialpublicannouncements

D.Poetrywrittenfortheemperor

问题4选项

A.TheMeridiangate

B.TheGateofSupremeHarmony

C.ThecenterofBeijing

D.TheImperialGardens

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段第一句话提到紫禁城的建筑严格遵循中国的传统原则（ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples），由此可知选项C“紫禁城的建筑体现了中国传统的价值观”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第一段第三句话提到紫禁城得名于大多数人被禁止进入这个区域，周围有围墙（TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls），由此可知进入紫禁城的入口是被高墙围住，因此选项A符合题意。

3.判断推理题。文章第四段最后一句话提到当你站在这座雄伟的建筑前，你就能理解人们站在那里聆听帝王宣言的敬畏之情（Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations），由此可知选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第五段第三句ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony可知选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Nothingcanbemoreabsurdthantosaythathumanbeingsaredoomed.

问题1选项

A.compelling

B.rational

C.ridiculous

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。absurd表示“荒谬的”；A项compelling“引人注目的，令人信服的”，B项rational“合理的，理性的”，C项ridiculous“可笑的，荒谬的”，D项ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的”。句意：没有什么比说人类命中注定更荒谬的了。根据句意可知C项正确。

3.单选题

Althoughshewrotealotofshortstoriesandpoemswhenshewasveryyoung,（

）shewastwenty-five.

问题1选项

A.herfirstrealsuccessdidnotcomeuntil

B.herrealfirstsuccesscameuntilnot

C.sinceherfirstrealsuccessdidnotcomeuntil

D.notuntilherfirstrealsuccess

【答案】A

【解析】句意:虽然她很小的时候就写了很多短篇小说和诗歌，但直到25岁她才第一次获得真正的成功。

固定搭配。not...until...表示“直到…才”,故选A。

4.单选题

AfterwinningtheChampionshiptheteammembers__________theheadcoachtotheirshouldersinshoutingtriumph.

问题1选项

A.tilted

B.hoisted

C.hauled

D.accompanied

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“titled”，意为“授予……称号，加标题于”，B选项“hoisted”，意为“提起，升起”，C选项“hauled”，意为“拖，拉”，D选项“accompanied”，意为“陪伴，伴随”。句意：赢得冠军后，队员们把主教练举到肩膀上欢呼胜利。因此，B选项符合句意。

5.单选题

A(n)（）entrepreneurwillseeksuccessfartherafieldandwillriskmoreintheresearchthanhismoretimidcompetitors.

问题1选项

A.adventurous

B.progressive

C.aggressive

D.impulsive

【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。adventurous“爱冒险的;大胆的”;progressive“进步的;先进的”;aggressive“有进取心的;好斗的”;impulsive“冲动的;任性的”。句意:那些胆大的企业家将在更远的地方寻求成功，并将比那些胆小的竞争对手在研究上冒更大的风险。选项A符合句意。

6.单选题

Herjewelry（）underthespotlightsandshebecamethedominantfigureattheball.

问题1选项

A.glared

B.glittered

C.blazed

D.dazzled

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。glare“怒目而视”；glitter“闪光，灿烂”；blaze“燃烧，发光”；dazzle“使目眩，使眼花缭乱”。句意：她的珠宝在聚光灯下闪闪发亮，她成为这个舞会的主要人物。B项符合题意。

7.单选题

Behindthe[A]aluminum’sversatility[B]liespropertiessodiversethat[C]theyalmostseemtobelongtoseveraldifferent[D]metals.

问题1选项

A.aluminum’s

B.lies

C.they

D.metals

【答案】B

【解析】【答案】B

【考查点】主谓一致。

【解题思路】该句是介词短语做状语置于句首引起句子倒装。主语为properties，谓语动词要用复数，因此，应将B选项改为lie。

【句意】在铝的多功能性背后，是各种各样的特性，它们几乎像是属于几种不同的金属。

8.单选题

Themostimportant（）forassessmentinthiscontestisoriginalityofdesign.

问题1选项

A.threshold

B.partition

C.warrant

D.criterion

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项threshold“入口，门槛”，B项partition“划分，分开”，C项warrant“根据，证明”，D项criterion“标准，准则”。根据关键词assessmentinthiscontest（本次大赛评比）可推测，空格部分表示“评定标准”。句意：本次竞赛最重要的考核标准是设计的原创性。因此，该题选择D项正确。

9.单选题

Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.

问题1选项

A.greenprettylittle

B.littlegreenpretty

C.prettylittlegreen

D.prettygreenlittle

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词的顺序问题。出现多个形容词修饰一个名词，顺序是：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。按此规律，pretty属于限定词，little是描述大小，green描述颜色，故C项正确。句意：她问他这件漂亮的绿色小连衣裙怎么样。故正确答案为C。

10.单选题

MyprofessorbrotherandIhaveanargumentaboutheadandheart,aboutwhetherheovervaluesIQwhileIleanmoretowardEQ.Wetypicallyhavethisdebateaboutpeople—canyoubefriendswithareallysmartjerk（怪物）?—butthere'scorollary（推论）toanimalsaswell.I’dloveitifourdogcouldfetchthemorningpaperandthenreadittomeovercoffee,butIactuallycaremuchmoreaboutherloyalandinnocentheart.There’salreadyenoughthinkinggoingoninourhouse,andweprobablyspendtoomuchtimeinourheads.Whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthat'swhereadogisarovingrevelation.

Ididnotgrowupwithdogs,whichmeantthatmyolderdaughter'srespectfulbutunyieldingdeterminationtogetonerequiredsomeadjustmentonmypart.Ioftenfeltshewastrainingme:fromagesof6to9,shegentlyschooledmeinvariousbreedsandtheirpersonalities,whisperedtothedogsweencounteredsotheywouldcharmandpersuademe,demonstratedbyherself-disciplinethatshewasreadyfortheresponsibility.AndthuscameourdogTwist,whomIsometimesmistakeforathirddaughter.

AtfirstIthoughtthechallengewouldbetotrainhertosit,toheel,towalkcalmlybesideusandnotgowildlychasingtheneighbourhoodrabbits.ButIsoondiscoveredhowmuchmorewehadtolearnfromherthanshefromus.

Ifitistrue,forexample,thatthesecrettoachild’ssuccessislessraregeniusthanrawpersistence,Twist'sabilitytostayontaskisamodelforusall,especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicks（忽然摇动）aroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside.Sheneversucceeds,andshenevergivesup.Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowalls.

Thenthereisherunfailingpatience,whichbreaksdownonlywhenshesensesthatdinnertimewas15minutesagoandwehavesomehowfailedtonotice.Eventhensheismoreeagerthanindignant（愤愤不平）,andherrefusaltowhineshowsarestraintofwhichI'mnotalwayscapablewhenhungry.

ButthelessonIvaluemostistheoneinforgiveness,andTwistfirstofferedthiswhenshewasstillveryyoung.Whenshewasabout7monthsold,wetookhertothevet（兽医）tobesprayed（切除卵巢）.Weturnedherovertoastranger,whoproceededtoperformaprocedurethatwasprobablynotpleasant,Butwhenthevetreturnedhertous,limpandtender,therewasnorecrimination（反责）,noHowcouldyoudothattome?Itwasasthoughshereallyknewthatwecouldnotintentionallycauseherpain,andwhileshedidnotunderstand,sheforgaveandcurledupwithherheadonmydaughter'slap.

Isupposewecouldhaveconcludedthatshewasjustblindlyloyalanddocile（温顺的）.Buteventuallyweknewbetter.Sheisentirelycapableofdisobedience,asshehasprovedmanytimes.Shewillignoreuswhentherearemoreinterestingthingstolookat,rebukeuswhenwearecareless,barkintothetwilightwhenshehasurgentmessagestosend.Butherpatiencewithourfailingsandfickleness（浮躁）andherwillingnesstogiveusasecondchanceareadailylessoningratitude.

Myfriendswhogrewupwithdogstellmehowwhentheywereteenagersandtrustednooneintheworld,theycouldtelltheirdogalltheirsecrets.Itwastheonefriendwhowouldnotgossiporbetray,couldprovideinthemiddleofthenightthesoft,unbegrudging（不勉强的）comfortandpeacethatadolescenceconspirestodisrupt.Anagethatisallaboutgrowthandriskneedssomeanchorsandweights,amodelofsteadfastnesswhenallelseisinflux（处于不断变化中）.SometimesIthinkTwist'sdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleash,onethathangsquietlyattheirsideastheytrotalongbutoccasionallyyanks（猛拉）thembacktosafetyandsolidground.

We'veweighedsomanydecisionssocarefullyinraisingourdaughters—whatschooltosendthemtoandwhatchurchtoattend,whentogivethemcellphonesandwithwhatprecautions.Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshapestheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingareTwist’scharacteristicsEXCEPT

（

）.

3.Accordingtothecontext,themeaningoftheword“square”isclosetto（

）.

4.That“Twist’sdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleash”meansthat（

）.

5.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.apersoncaneitherhaveahighIQoralowEQ

B.herprofessorbrothercarestoomuchaboutIQ

C.weneedexamplesofhowtofollowone'sheart

D.sheprefersdogsthatarecleverandloyal

问题2选项

A.resignation

B.patience

C.forgiveness

D.tenacity

问题3选项

A.fast

B.straight

C.blindly

D.stubbornly

问题4选项

A.Twistiscapableoflookingafterthegirls

B.Twistandthegirlshavebecomefriends

C.Twistknowshowtofollowthegirls

D.Twist'sloyaltyhelpsthegirlsgrowup

问题5选项

A.Difficultiesinraisingherchildren.

B.Worriesaboutwhattobuyforkids.

C.GratitudetoTwistforherrole.

D.Concernsaboutschoolingandreligion.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthat'swhereadogisarovingrevelation.（我们需要一些角色楷模是本能的，而在这一点上，狗就是一个很好的体现）可知C选项“我们需要如何遵循自己内心的例子”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由第二段中的AndthuscameourdogTwist可知Twist是一只狗，第四至第六段的每段句首分别提到了狗的rawpersistence（坚持，锲而不舍）、unfailingpatience（坚韧不拔的耐心）和forgiveness（宽恕）特征，故排除B（耐心）、C（宽恕）、D（坚韧）选项，因此A选项“顺从”符合题意。

3.词义题。根据题干关键词square定位到文章第四段中的Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowalls，由前面的especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicks（忽然摇动）aroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside（特别是如果任务是捕捉阳光，当风吹过外面的树枝时，阳光在起居室周围忽然摇动）可推测此“狗是直接朝墙上的阳光跑去”较符合语境，square作副词时，表示“正对着地，径直地”，因此选B。

4.判断推理题。文章倒数第二段中介绍了狗伴随着朋友的青春期成长，认为狗最忠诚的伙伴，由此联想到狗Twist对女儿们的忠诚，伴随着她们长大，因此D选项“Twist的忠诚有助于女孩们成长”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。由Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshapestheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.（但说到真正塑造她们的性格和使家庭融洽时，我从来没想到我们会欠这位最小的家庭成员这么多）可知作者已将Twist当作家庭中的一员，感激她所做的贡献，因此C选项“感谢Twist扮演的角色”符合题意。

11.单选题

W:Wouldyoulikemetogetyousometea?

M:Notnow,thanks.Maybelater.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwant?

问题1选项

A.Todrinkteainawhile.

B.Toprepareteahimself.

C.Togetthewomansometealater.

D.Todrinksomethingelse.

【答案】A

【解析】根据男士的回答“Notnow,thanks.Maybelater.现在不用，谢谢。可能一会儿会需要。”可知A选项‘一会儿再喝’正确。

12.单选题

Themanagingdirectortookthe（

）fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

问题1选项

A.guilt

B.charge

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。guilt意为“有罪，犯罪行为”；charge意为“收费，指控”；blame意为“(坏事或错事的)责任，责备”，taketheblamefor意为“承担……的责任”；accusation意为“指责，谴责”。

句意：总经理承担了事故的责任，尽管并不真的是他的错。

13.单选题

ThisobservationflummoxedTerkel,aself-styledJewishfree-thinkerwhosaysheknowsnothingaboutGodbuteverythingabouthumannature.

问题1选项

A.inspired

B.surprised

C.bewildered

D.provoked

【答案】C

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项inspired“品质优秀的，能力卓越的，借助于灵感创作的”；B选项surprised“感到惊讶的，出人意料的”；C选项bewildered“困惑的”；D选项provoked“被激怒的，受到挑衅的”。句意：这一发现让特克尔感到困惑，他自称是犹太自由思想家，声称自己对上帝一无所知，只知道有关人类本性的一切。Flummoxed“困惑的”，C选项与该词词义最相近，因此C选项正确。

14.单选题

Sarahputinaspecial______foranextraday’sholidaysothatshecouldattendherfriend’swedding.

问题1选项

A.inquiry

B.appeal

C.proposal

D.request

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.inquiry探究，调查B.appeal呼吁，吸引

C.proposal提议，建议D.request请求

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】由anextraday’sholiday（额外休假一天）可推测，putinaspecial______表示“提出一个特别的请求”。因此，该题选择D项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项都不符合句意。

【句意】莎拉提出额外休假一天的特殊要求，以便参加朋友的婚礼。

15.单选题

Nobodyknewhowhecameupwiththis（

）ideaaboutthetrip.

问题1选项

A.weary

B.twilight

C.unanimous

D.weird

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:没有人知道他是怎么想出这么一个旅行点子。

weary:疲倦的，使人厌烦的。twilight:虚幻的，暮年的。unanimous:意见一致的。weird:怪异的，不可思议的。故D项符合句意。

16.单选题

WhenIwasstillanarchitecturestudent,ateachertoldme,"Welearnmorefrombuildingsthatfalldownthanfrombuildingsthatstandup."Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory.Althoughstructuraldesignfollowsestablishedformulas,theactualperformanceofabuildingiscomplicatedbythepassageoftime,thebehaviorofusers,thenaturalelementsandunnaturalevents.Allaredifficulttosimulate.Buildings,unlikecars,can'tbecrash-tested.

ThefirstimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisthattallbuildingscanwithstandtheimpactofalargejetliner.Thetwintowersweresupportedby59perimetercolumnsoneachside.Althoughabout30ofthesecolumns,extendingfromfourtosixfloors,weredestroyedineachbuildingbytheimpact,initiallybothtowersremainedstanding.Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives.

Iwasonceaskedhowtallbuildingsshouldbedesignedgivenwhatwe'dlearnedfromtheworldTradeCentercollapse.Myanswerwas,"Lower,"Thequestionofwhenatallbuildingbecomesunsafeiseasytoanswer.Commonaerialfire-fightingladdersinusetodayare100feethighandcanreachtoaboutthe10thfloor,sofiresinbuildingsupto10storieshighcanbefoughtfromtheexterior.Fightingfiresandevacuatingoccupantsabovethatheightdependonfirestairs.

Thetallerthebuilding,thelongeritwilltakeforfirefighterstoclimbtothesceneofthefire.Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis"Lowerthan10stories."

Thenwhydon'tcitiesimposelowerheightlimits?A60-storyofficebuildingdoesnothavesixtimesasmuchrentablespaceasa10-storybuilding.However,allthingsbeingequal,suchabuildingwillproducefourtimesmorerevenueandfourtimesmoreinpropertytaxes.Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets.

ThemostimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisnotthatweshouldstopbuildingtallbuildingsbutthatwehavemisjudgedtheircost.Wedidthesamethingwhenweunderestimatedthecostofhurtlingalongahighwayinasteelboxat70milesperhour.Ittookmanyyearsbeforeseatbelts,airbags,radialtires,andantilockbrakesbecamecommonplace.Atfirst,carssimplyweretooslowtowarrantconcern.Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedowillingly.

1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat（）.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheWTCcollapse?

3.Ideally,thepolicyincityconstructionshouldbe（）.

4.Whyaretherestillhighbuildings,orevenskyscrapersinmanycities?

5.WhatisthemostimportantlessonoftheWTCcollapse?

问题1选项

A.architectureissomethingmoreoutofexperiencethanoutoftheory

B.architecturedependsjustasmuchonexperienceasontheory

C.itissaferforpeopletoliveinoldbuildings

D.welearnnotsomuchfromourfailureasfromoursuccess

问题2选项

A.Despitethetwostrongbuildings,thedeathtollwasstillveryshocking.

B.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasofthefirstclass.

C.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasnotsostrongaspeoplehadexpected

D.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasstrongenoughtowithstandanyaccidents.

问题3选项

A.lowerthantenstories

B.thelower,thebetter

C.thehigher,thebetter

D.higherthantenstories

问题4选项

A.Becausetheyarethesymbolofmoderntimes.

B.Becausemanycitiesnowlackbuildingspace.

C.Becausetheyareanimportantfinancialsourceofacity'sbudget.

D.Becausetheyrepresentthelevelofacountry'sscienceandtechnology.

问题5选项

A.Weshouldwearseatbeltswhiledriving.

B.Weshouldbuildlowbuildingsjustasweshoulddriveslowly.

C.Weshouldmaketallbuildingsillegal.

D.Weshouldpayforsafetywhileconstructingtallbuildings.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。第一段第二句指出:Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory(他的意思是建筑物既是经验的结果，也是理论的结果)。由此可知B项“建筑不仅依赖于理论，也依赖于经验”正确。

第2题:判断推理题。根据题干关键词WTCcollapse定位至第二段:Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives(即使（两座建筑物没有倒塌），付出的伤亡代价却是惊人的——2235人失去了生命)。由此推断A项“尽管两座建筑物很牢固，但付出的伤亡代价却是惊人的”正确。

第3题:事实细节题。第三段指出:Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis“Lowerthan10stories.”(所以安全问题的简单答案是“低于10层楼”)。因此A选项“低于十层”正确。

第4题:事实细节题。第四段指出:Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets(因此削减楼层高度等于削减城市预算)。因此在许多城市里还有高楼大厦，甚至摩天大楼是因为“它们是城市预算的重要财政来源”。答案为C。

第5题:判断推理题。最后一段提到从世贸中心倒塌事件得到的一个重要经验:Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedo–willingly(之后，厂商拒绝使用这些昂贵的设施，认为消费者不会为安全买单。但是现在我们的确愿意了)。因此D项“在建造高层建筑时，我们应该为安全问题买单”正确。

17.单选题

Loudspeakersarefixedinthehallsothateveryone（）anopportunitytohearthespeech.

问题1选项

A.oughttohave

B.musthave

C.mayhave

D.shouldhave

【答案】D

【解析】考查目的状语从句。sothat引导的目的状语从句，从句中常用情态动词can/may。但是本句主句用的是过去时态，所以从句也应该用相应的表示过去的时态，因此C项mayhave应该改为mighthave才正确。A选项oughtto“应该”，强调主观上的应当，含有责任，义务，故排除。B选项musthave“必须要”，语气过于强烈，故排除。只有D选项shouldhave“应该有”符合题意。句意：礼堂里安装了扩音器，以便大家都可以听到演讲。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

18.单选题

Nothinginthehistoryofmodemastronomyhasexcitedasmuchspeculationastheobject,orevent,knownasablackhole.Blackholeshaveprovidedendlessimaginativefodderforsciencefictionwritersandendlesstheoreticalfodderforastrophysicists.Theyareoneofthemoreexoticmanifestationsofthetheoryofgeneralrelativity,andtheirfascinationliesinthewaytheirtremendousgravityaffectsnearbyspaceandtime.

Ablackholeisverysimpleinstructure:ithasasurface—theeventhorizon—andacenter—thesingularity.Everythingelseisgravity.Thestandardmodelfortheformationofablackholeinvolvesthecollapseofalagerstar.Theimaginarysphericalsurfacesurroundingthecollapsedstaristheeventhorizon—anartificialboundaryinpacethatmarksapointofnoreturn.Outsidetheeventhorizon,gravityisstrongbutfinite,anditispossibleforobjectstobreakfreeofitspull.However,oncewithintheeventhorizon,anobjectwouldneedtotravelfasterthanlighttoescape.

Forextremelymassivestars,theexclusionprinciple—theresistancebetweenthemacularparticlewithinthestarastheyarecompressed一willnotbestrongenoughtooffsetthegravitygeneratedbythestar’sownmass.Thestar’sincreasingdensitywilloverwhelmtheexclusionprinciple.Whatfollowsisrunawaygravitationalcollapse.Withnointernalforcetostopit,thestarwillsimplycontinuetocollapseinonitself.Onceacollapsingstarhascontractedthroughitseventhorizon,nothingcanstopitfromcollapsingfurtheruntilitsentiremassiscrusheddowntoasinglepoint—apointofinfinitedensityandzerovolume-toesingularity.

Thestarnowdisappearsfromtheperceivableuniverse,likeacartooncharacterthatjumpsintoaholeandpullstheholeinafterhim.Whatthisprocessleavesbehindisadeterrentkindofhole—aprofounddisturbanceinspace-time,aregionwheregravityis,sointensethatnothingcanescapefromit.Anyobjectfallingwithintheboundaryofablackholehasnochoicebuttomoveinwardtowardthesingularityanddisappearfromouruniverseforever.Moreover,ablackholecanneverbepluggeduporfilledinwithmatter:themorematterthatispoundintoablackholethebiggeritgets.

AWhatwouldhappentoobjects,suchasastronauts,astheyvanishedintoablackhole?BPhysicistshavebeenamusingthemselveswiththisquestionforyears,andmostbelievethattheintensegravitationalforceswouldripaparttheastronautslongbeforetheywerecrushedatthesingularity.CTheoretically,anyastronautswhomortgagedtosurvivethepassagewouldencountersomeverystrangethings.DForinstance,theywouldexperienceacutetimedistortion,whichwouldenablethemtoknow,inafewbriefseconds,theentirefutureoftheuniverse.

Insideablackhole,spacearidtimearesowarpedthatthedistancefromtheeventhorizontothesingularityisnotadistanceinspaceinthenormalsensewhatwecanmeasureinkilometers.Instead,itbecomesadistanceintime.Thetimeittakestoreachthesingularityfromtheeventhorizon—asmeasuredbysomeonefallingin—isproportionaltothemassoftheblackhole.

Theonlywaywhatastronautswouldknowwhethertheyhadcrossedtheeventhorizonwouldbeiftriedtohalttheirfallandclimboutagainbyfiringtheirenginesenoughtopushthemselvesbackfromthecenterofthehole.However,becauseofthetimewarp,iftheastronautstriedtodothis,theywouldreachthesingularityfasterthaniftheyhadlefttheirenginesoff.Moreover,sincetheycouldgetnofartheroncetheyreachedthesingularity,thispointwouldmarktheendoftimeitself.

1.ThewordfodderinparagraphIisclosestinmeaningto（

）.

2.Theopposingforcebetweenthemolecularparticlesinsideastariscalled

（

）.

3.Whydoestheauthormentionacartooncharacterinparagraph4?

4.AstronautwhofellintoablackholewouldprobablyexperienceallofthefollowingEXCEPT

（

）.

5.Thephrase“thispoint”inparagraphsevenrefersto（

）.

问题1选项

A.material

B.stones

C.support

D.problems

问题2选项

A.generalrelativity

B.theexclusionprinciple

C.infinitedensity

D.thesingularity

问题3选项

A.Toillustratethecompletedisappearanceoracollapsingstar

B.Towarnofthedangerofbeingsuckedintoablackhole

C.Topointoutahumorousphenomenoninastrophysics

D.Toannouncethecreationofacartoonaboutblackholes

问题4选项

A.distortionofspaceandtime

B.knowledgeoftheuniverse

C.stronggravitationalforces

D.travelingfasterthanlight

问题5选项

A.theeventhorizon

B.firingtheirengines

C.thetimewarp

D.thesingularity

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.词义题。Fodder所在句为:Blackholeshaveprovidedendlessimaginativefodderforsciencefictionwritersandendlesstheoreticalfodderforastrophysicists(黑洞为科幻小说家提供了无穷无尽的想象素材，也为天体物理学家提供了无尽的理论素材)。其中fodder—词作provide的宾语并且既可以被imaginative修饰也可以被theoretical修饰，因此A项“材料,素材”意思最为接近。

2.细节事实题。第三段指出:theexclusionprinciple—theresistancebetweenthemacularparticlewithinthestarastheyarecompressedwillnotbestrongenoughtooffsetthegravitygeneratedbythestar’sownmass(排他原理——恒星内的黄斑粒子在被压缩时的阻力将不足以抵消恒星自身质量产生的引力)。因此题干“恒星内部分子粒子间的反作用力”就是排他原理。

3.判断推理题。根据题干定位至第四段:Thestarnowdisappearsfromtheperceivableuniverse,likeacartooncharacterthatjumpsintoaholeandpullstheholeinafterhim(这行星从我们的宇宙消失了，就像是一个跳进洞里然后消失在洞里的卡通人物)。由此可知cartooncharacter的例子是为了形象说明行星消失的过程，选项A“为了举例说明行星的消失或坍缩”正确。

4.细节事实题。关于进入黑洞中的宇航员会经历什么的设想主要集中在文章第五段:theintensegravitationalforceswouldripaparttheastronautslongbeforetheywerecrushedatthesingularity(在宇航员还没到奇点之前就己经被强大的引力撕碎了),故C“强大的引力”表述正确。theywouldexperienceacutetimedistortion,whichwouldenablethemtoknow,inafewbriefseconds,theentirefutureoftheuniverse(他们会经历严重的时间畸变，这会使他们在短短几秒之内了解整个宇宙的未来),故选项A“畸变的时间和空间”和B“宇宙的知识”表述正确。而D“比光速还快”不属于进入黑洞中的宇航员会经历的事件设想，故答案为D。

5.语义题。thispoint所在句为:Moreover,sincetheycouldgetnofartheroncetheyreachedthesingularity,thispointwouldmarktheendoftimeitself(而且,由于当到达奇点后他们就不能继续往前了，这个点将标志着时间的完结)。因此thispoint指thesingularity(奇点)。

19.单选题

（

）atconveyingherunderlyingmessagesthroughtheskilleduseofwordsthatherlecturewasgreetedbystudentswithdeafeningapplause.

问题1选项

A.Sosuccessfulthespeakerwas

B.Sosuccessfulwasthespeaker

C.Thespeakersosuccessful

D.Becausethespeakerwassosuccessful

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这位演讲者通过巧妙的语言如此成功地表达了她的潜在信息，以致她的演讲得到学生们震耳欲聋的掌声。

语法题。考查部分倒装。在so...that…句型中,如果so+形容词提前,句子需要部分倒装,故选B。

20.单选题

WalkthroughTimesSquare—you’rebombardedwithadvertising.Anditturnsout,abumblebeemighthaveasimilarfeeling,buzzingthroughafieldofflowers.“Sotheseflowersarethesebillboards,they’readvertisingacommodity,thisdeliciousnectar(花蜜)reward,andbeesareverypickyshoppers”,saysAnneLeonard,apollin