考研考博-英语-宁波大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁波大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.填空题

Trynottousetheairconditioningtoomuch.Themorepoweryouuse,the（

）yourelectricalbillwillbe.

【答案】bigger

【解析】语法题。考查“the+比较级……the+比较级……”的固定句型,，表示“越……就越……”，根据意思“使用的电越多，电费账单就会越大”，故需填入bigger。

2.单选题

ModernlorehasitthatinEnglanddeathisimminent,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans’lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced，clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.

Deathisnormal.Wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish，evenunderoptimalconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel，yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’sfutile.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Avastindustrypushedforaggressiveandexpensivetherapyforprostatecancer,despitealackofdemonstrablebenefitformanypatients.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

Meanwhile,thekindofpalliativecareprovidedinhospicesistaughtderogatorilytomedicalstudentsasatreatmentoflastresort.In1950theUnitedStatesspent$12.7billion,or4.4percentofgrossdomesticproduct,onhealthcare.In2002thecostwillbe$1.54trillion—nearly14percentofGDP,byfarthelargestpercentagespentbyanydevelopedcountry.

Anyonecanseethatthistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Someethicistsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldn’tgothatfar.Notlongagosimilarargumentswereusedtojustifymandatoryretirementagesasyoungas55foremployeesinindustry,academiaandgovernment.Themessagewas“Stepaside—Iwantyourdeskandyourpaycheck.’’Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond，andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connorisinher70s，andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethemaladiesthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iaspiretoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit,orshould.I’vewatchedasthelivesofmyfamilymembersandfriendshavebeenpainfullyprolonged.It’sastarkcontrastwiththeinexpensiveandcompassionatedeathsofmyparentsagenerationago.

Asamedicalconsumer，ImaywantMedicaretobuymemultiplecoronarybypassoperationsoradesperateroundofbone-marrowtransplantation.Asataxpayingcitizen,Iknow—intellectually，ifnotemotionally—thatthevalueofsuchmeasuresmustbeweighedagainstothersocialgoods，suchashousing，defenseandeducation.Andasaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare，haveachievedlonger，healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeoples’lives.Forexample，thefieldofalternativeandcomplementarymedicinereceivesjusta5percentchunkoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudget.

Tocreateahumanesystemofhealthcare,wemustacknowledgethatdeathanddyingarenotthemselvestheenemies.Asthepost-WorldWarIIBritishepidemiologistArchieCochraneonceobserved,curesinmedicinearerare,buttheneedfor“care”—attentionandreassurancefromapproachable,sympatheticphysiciansandcaregivers—iswidespread.Cochraneworriedthatbypursuingcuresatallcost,wewouldrestrictthesupplyofcarethatpatientscanreceive.Thisispreciselythecrisisofcontemporarymedicine:billionsforcures,andpenniesforcare.Medicinecanaccomplishgreatthingsforthegenerationnowpassing50,butonlyifwe’rewiseenoughnottoasktoomuchofit.

1.People’sdifferentattitudestowardsdeathshowthat_____.

2.Thebesthealthcare_______.

3.Palliativecareprovidedinhospices_______.

4.Thegovernmentwithfiniteresourceshadbetter_______.

5.Whatpatientsneedmostis_______.

问题1选项

A.peopleinothercountriesdon’thaveagreathealth-caresystemasAmericansdo

B.Americansrelytoomuchontheirhealth-caresystemeventochallengedeath

C.Americansareoptimistic

D.palliativecareworkswondersinAmericans

问题2选项

A.canevenchangeourgeneticprogramstoprolongourlives

B.canguaranteetheoldanunimaginablelifeofhighquality

C.shoulddoeverythingpossibletosavethepatients’life

D.haslimitstowhatitcandoandshoulddo

问题3选项

A.isnotthoughtmuchofbecauseitdoesn’tcurepatients

B.needsmuchmoremoneythanhealthcareandisunsustainable

C.isforpoorpeoplewhocan’taffordtostayinhospitalforalongtime

D.shouldbeattachedmoreimportance

问题4选项

A.balanceitsbudgetforresearchintocuresandthatintotherapiesthatcanhelppeoplelivehealthierandhappierlives

B.stoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondage83sothatyoungerandhealthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential

C.makeitarulethatpeopleinindustry,academiaandgovernmentwhoareover55shouldretire

D.spendlessonhealthandmoreonhousing，defenseandeducation

问题5选项

A.asolutiontotheproblemofdeath

B.courage,optimismandsympathyforothers

C.attention,careandreassurancefromfriendlyphysiciansandcaregivers

D.agreathealth-caresystemthatcanprovidethemthemostexpensiveandbesttherapies

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.推断题。根据文章第一段，“Americans’lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced，clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.”，可知美国人寿命延长的原因是医疗技术的进步，文章第一句提到英国和加拿大人对待死亡是不可避免的态度，所以可推断，美国的医疗系统要比其他国家更好，这也是人们对待死亡态度不同的原因。选项A符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句，“Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.”，可知即使是好的医疗体系也不能抵抗死亡，所以最好的医疗体系也有局限性，不是什么都能实现的。选项D符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句，“Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient”，可知因为医生对自己无法治愈疾病感到沮丧，并且担心病人失去希望，实施了这种癌症晚期治疗。根据文章第三段第一句，“thekindofpalliativecareprovidedinhospicesistaughtderogatorilytomedicalstudentsasatreatmentoflastresort.”，可知这种临终治疗是不得已时使用的最终手段。综上可推断出，因为这种治疗方式不能治愈疾病，所以不被重视。选项A符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“…bypursuingcuresatallcost,wewouldrestrictthesupplyofcarethatpatientscanreceive.Thisispreciselythecrisisofcontemporarymedicine:billionsforcures,andpenniesforcare...”，可知如果把所有花费用于追求疾病的治愈上，那么病人受到的关怀就会受到限制。所以不能偏差太大，太多用于疾病治愈，太少用于关怀是医疗面临的危及。可推断作者提倡平衡分配，选项A符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“…curesinmedicinearerare,buttheneedfor“care”—attentionandreassurancefromapproachable,sympatheticphysiciansandcaregivers…”，可知疾病的治愈是少见的，更需要的是医生和照顾者的关怀。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor“analyzed”,untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.

Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling“interpretation”ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilms,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit.

Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan“analyzing”it,ifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis“acriticismoflife”,and“aheighteningoflife”.Itis“anapproachtothetruthoffeeling”,andit“cansaveyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.

IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.

1.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasafunctionofpoetry?

3.Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents（）.

4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

5.Thephrase“makeroom”inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby（）.

问题1选项

A.discussitwithothers

B.analyzeitbyoneself

C.copyitdowninanotebook

D.practicereadingitaloud

问题2选项

A.Extendingyourlife

B.Savingyourlife

C.Criticizinglife

D.Heighteninglife

问题3选项

A.tounderstandlife

B.toenjoypoetry

C.tobecometeachers

D.tobecomepoets

问题4选项

A.Morestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.

B.Poetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

C.Onecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetry.

D.Poetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses.

问题5选项

A.“buildabooth”

B.“provideequipment”

C.“leaveacertainamountoftime”

D.“setasideenoughspace”

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段的第一句“Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor‘analyzed’,untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.任何诗歌都应该先由某人，老师或学生大声朗读，再来进行讨论或‘分析’。”所以选项D符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段的倒数第二句“Poetryis‘acriticismoflife’,and‘aheighteningoflife’.Itis‘anapproachtothetruthoffeeling’,andit‘cansaveyourlife’.诗歌是‘对生活的批评’，也是‘对生活的升华’。它是‘一种接近真实感受的方法’，它‘可以拯救你的生命’。”由此可知，只有选项A在原文没有提及。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段的第二句“IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.我认为我们作为英语教师的目标之一就是让学生热爱诗歌。”由此可知，选项B符合原文。

4.语义推断题。原文第三段的最后一句提及“Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.它（诗歌）也应该在语言和文学教学中占有比现在更重要的地位。”也就是说，应该要更加重视诗歌的教学，所以选项A符合原文。

5.词义推断题。根据关键词所在原文的句意“但那些教授诗歌的老师必须牢记诗歌的本质、诗歌的声音和诗歌的意义。他们必须在教室里留出时间让学生思考诗歌，同时也让学生听诗。”由此可推断，这里的“makeroom”指的是留出时间，所以选项C符合原文。

4.单选题

Nooneinthe____apartmentwasawakedbytheirquarrellingsounds.

问题1选项

A.approached

B.distant

C.neighbor

D.adjacent

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.approached临近（过去式或过去分词）B.distant远的

C.neighbor邻居n.D.adjacent相邻的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接与近义词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“____公寓里没有人被他们的争吵声吵醒。”按照语义和选项推测，争吵声吵醒的应该是临近公寓的人，该处所填词应该是一个形容词，修饰公寓。D选项adjacent“相邻的”符合要求。

【干扰项排除】

A选项approached“临近（过去式或过去分词）”，动词，不做定语修饰“公寓”；

B选项distant“远的”，不符合语义衔接；

C选项neighbor“邻居”，名词，不能直接修饰公寓。

【句意】他们的吵闹声没有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。

5.单选题

Forsomeleadersintheteapartymovement,theongoingskirmishoverwhetherpresidentialcontenderMittRomneyshouldspeakataTeaPartyExpressrallyinNewHampshireonMondayis（）butan（）quarrel.

问题1选项

A.anythinginternecine

B.somethinginteresting

C.anythingintermediary

D.somethinginteragency

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配和形容词词义辨析。根据固定搭配“anythingbut”，选项B和D可排除。

internecine“两败俱伤的”；interagency“跨部门的”。句意：关于总统候选人MittRomney周一是否应该在新罕布什尔州的茶党集会上发表讲话的争论，绝对不是一场两败俱伤的争吵。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

（

）,Idonotlikehimasaman.

问题1选项

A.Iadmirehimasmuchasawriter

B.AsIadmirehimasawriter

C.MuchasIadmirehimasawriter

D.AsmuchIadmireasawriter

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管我钦佩他是一名作家，但是我却不喜欢他这个人。

语法题。考查as引导的让步状语从句。As引导让步状语从句表示“尽管,即使”时要使用部分倒装结构:副词+as+主语+谓语,故选C。

7.单选题

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（

）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

问题1选项

A.inlinewith

B.intermsof

C.regardlessof

D.bymeansof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。Inlinewith“符合，与······一致”；intermsof“依据，根据，在······方面”；regardlessof“不顾，不管”；bymeansof“借助于，凭借”。根据句意“一个国家的财富应该依据人民的健康和幸福以及它所生产的商品来衡量”，选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

TheEnglishweatherdefiesforecastandhenceisasourceofinterestand______toeveryone.

问题1选项

A.speculation

B.attribution

C.utilization

D.proposition

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.speculation推测，猜测B.attribution归因，属性

C.utilization利用，使用D.proposition提议，建议（尤指业务上的）

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“英国的天气出乎预料，因此引起了大家的兴趣和______”可知，因为天气是难以预料的，所以这引起英国人的对天气的猜测，该题选择A项恰当。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】英国的天气出乎预料，因此引起了大家的兴趣和猜测。

9.填空题

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

WaystoFightRisingFoodPricesFood,clothingandsheltergenerallytopthelistofbasichumanneeds.Whileshoppingatadiscountstoreinsteadofthemallgenerallytakescareoftheclothingissue,andlivinginasmallapartmentinsteadofaMcMansioncanaddressyourhousingsituation,risingworldfoodpricescanleadtosomesignificantchallengesinthefooddepartment.Everythingfromrisingtransportationcoststothedevelopmentofbiofuelspushesupthecostoffoodandputapinchonconsumers’wallets.(41)

Diningoutisexpensive.(42)Evengoodcoffeeischeapertomakeifyoudoityourself.Fastfoodisexcludedfromthecategory,ashigh-calorie,low-qualityfoodcanbeabargainprice,buttheimpactonyourlong-termhealthoverridesthebenefitofshort-termsavings.

Ifyoustumblearoundthegrocerystoreandfillyourcartwitheverythingthatcatchesyoureye,chancesareyouwillspendalotmoremoneythanyouneededto.(43)Planyourmealsfortheweekahead,andmakecarefulnoteofwhatyouneedtobuyinordertopreparethosemeals.Oncethelistismade,purchaseonlytheitemsonthelist,andavoidimpulsebuys.

Grocerystoresaredesignedtomakeyougothroughamazetogettothemostbasicitemsinthehopethatyouwillmakeafewimpulsebuysalongtheway.(44)Becausemostnecessitiesandbasiccookingitemsarefoundalongtheoutsideperimeterofthestore,startthereandworkyourwayaroundtheperimeterandstepintothemazetograbanyleftoveritemsonyourlist.

Ourfast-pacedsocietyencouragesconvenience,andgrocerystoreshavecapitalizedonthistrend.Ready-mademealsareeasytobuy,buttheycomewithapremiumpricetag.Insteadofputtingthatrotisseriechickenandmacaronisaladinyourcart,buytheingredientsandpreparethemealyourself.Thesameconceptappliestofrozenentrees,bakedgoodsandanyotherfoodsthathavebeenpreparedinsomewayforaddedconvenience.

(45)Payattentiontothepricesandpickupthefamily-sizepackageiftheper-unitcostislowerandyouhaveaplacetostoreit.Shoppingatbig-boxbulkretailerslikeSam’sClubandCostcocanalsosaveonyourbillifyoushoptherefrequentlyenoughtocoverthecostofmembership,butpaycarefulattentiontoyourspendinghabits.Thebigboxesareoftennobargaincomparedwithsalespricesandcouponsavingsatotherstores.Inaddition,theymayencourageyoutobuymorethanyouneed,drivingupyourgrocerybill.

A.Justaboutanynutritiousmealthatyoubuyinaformalrestaurantcanbemadeathomeforafractionoftheprice.

B.Ifyoukeeptoyourplannedlist,youwon’tbetemptedwhenyougetforceddownthejunkfoodaisletogetatthemilk.

C.Tominimizeyourcashoutlay,prepareashoppinglistbeforeyouleavehome.

D.Whiletheneedtoeatisn’tsomethingyoucanavoid,therearesomestepsyoucantaketokeepthecostsincheck.

E.Storesoftenplacethemostexpensiveitemsateye-level.

F.Inaddition,bulkbuyingcansaveyouasignificantamountofmoney.

【答案】41.D

42.A

43.C

44.B

45.F

【解析】41.该段讲述了食物、衣服和住所这三个基本需求，衣服和住所可以通过打折商店和住小公寓解决，但是不断上涨的食品成本使得消费者变得拮据，然后下面几段都是在讲述如何省钱，所以这段的最后一句是一个过渡句，起承上启下的作用，A、B、C、D、E项都是省钱的方法，只有D项“虽然你无法避免对食物的需求，但你可以采取一些措施来控制成本”既提到了上文的食品需求，又引出了下文的控制成本的方法，所以该题选择D项正确。

42.由该段第一句Diningoutisexpensive.（外出就餐很贵）和第三句Evengoodcoffeeischeapertomakeifyoudoityourself.（如果你自己做的话，即使是好咖啡也会更便宜）可知，这一段讲的方法是在家里做饭，在选项中只有A项提到了在家里做，所以该题选择A项“你在正规餐厅里买的任何一顿营养餐，都可以在家里做，花费只是价格的一小部分”正确。

43.由最后两句Planyourmealsfortheweekahead,andmakecarefulnoteofwhatyouneedtobuyinordertopreparethosemeals.Oncethelistismade,purchaseonlytheitemsonthelist,andavoidimpulsebuys.（提前计划一周的饮食，仔细记下准备这些食物需要买什么。一旦列好清单，就只买清单上的东西，避免冲动购物。）可知，该段讲述列购物清单的省钱方法，所以答案是和购物清单有关，所以该题选择C项“为了减少你的现金支出，在你离开家之前准备一份购物清单”正确。

44.由后面的句子Becausemostnecessitiesandbasiccookingitemsarefoundalongtheoutsideperimeterofthestore,startthereandworkyourwayaroundtheperimeterandstepintothemazetograbanyleftoveritemsonyourlist.（因为大多数的必需品和基本的烹饪用品都是在商店的外围找到的，所以从那里开始，沿着周边工作，然后进入迷宫，把清单上的任何剩下的东西都拿出来）可知，要填入的句子还是和购物清单有关，这里把杂货店说成迷宫，是因为当你穿过杂货店买东西时可能会冲动购物，所以B项“如果你坚持你的计划清单，当你被迫沿着垃圾食品通道去买牛奶时，你就不会被诱惑了”符合该段段意。

45.根据后一句中的family-sizepackage（家庭装）可知，该段是建议人们批量购买，单位成本低，就能省下食品支出，只有F项“此外，批量购买可以为你节省一大笔钱”符合。

10.单选题

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarchaeologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator'sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.

Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatconiesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundance---morethan4.000examplessofar.

Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchasescouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose（）.

2.TheauthorimpliesthatallthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

4.Theword"abundance"(Line4,Paragraph4)hastheclosestmeaningto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposaldosetheauthoranticipate?

问题1选项

A.analternativetomuseumdisplayofartifacts

B.awaytocurbillegaldiggingwhilebenefitingthearchaeologicalprofession

C.thegovernmentalregulationofarchaeologicalsites

D.anewsystemforcataloguingduplicateartifacts

问题2选项

A.amarketforsuchartifactsalreadyexists

B.suchartifactsseldomhavescientificvalue

C.museumsarewellsuppliedwithexamplesofsuchartifacts

D.suchartifactsfrequentlyexceedinqualitythosealreadycataloguedinmuseumcollection

问题3选项

A.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

B.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

C.Suchartifactsoftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

D.Suchartifactsareoftendamagedbyvariationsintemperatureandhumidity.

问题4选项

A.alargequantity

B.aformidablequality

C.aweirdappearance

D.avaluablerarity

问题5选项

A.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfail.

B.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.

C.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.

D.Counterfeitingofartifactswillbecomemorecommonplace.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了考古学缺乏资金支持以及非法盗掘猖獗的现象，随后提出了针对性的解决方案。因此B项“一种遏制非法盗掘同时能让考古职业受益的方法”正确。

第2题:判断推理题。A:史前文物市场已经存在。第一段最后一句指出:Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder(其次，存在非法挖掘的问题，导致博物馆有收藏价值的文物被卖给出价最高的人)。因此A项符合文章所述。B:这种史前文物很少有科研价值。第三段指出:Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong(从理论上讲，你声称每件文物都有潜在的科学价值或许是对的。但实际上，你错了)。因此B项正确。C:博物馆里有很多这些史前文物。第五段指出:Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture(博物馆的地下室只是没有足够大到存放将来可能被发现的文物)。因此C项正确。D:这些史前文物在质量上常常优于那些编录到博物馆里的文物，此选项文章并未提及。因此答案为D。

第3题:细节事实题。最后一段指出:Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered(甚至没有足够的钱对这些发现进行分类；结果，它们就再也找不到了，并且变得难以接近，像从未被发现过一样)。因此C项“这些史前文物通常保持未分类状态，因此一旦收藏起来就可能找不到了”正确。

第4题:词义题。根据题干定位至第四段:Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundance---morethan4.000examplessofar.破折号后面的morethan4.000examplessofar(到目前为止有多于四千件复制品)是用来解释说明abundance的，由此可知abundance表示“数量很多”。

第5题:判断推理题。第三段指出:Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder(此外，古代文物是我们全球文化遗产的一部分，所有人都可以欣赏，而不是卖给出价最高的人)。因此B项“本应该在公共场合被展出的文物将要卖给个人”正确。

11.单选题

Please（）yourselffromsmokingandspittinginpublicplaces,sincethelawforbidsthem.

问题1选项

A.restrain

B.hinder

C.restrict

D.prohibit

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词辨析。A选项restrain“控制，约束”；B选项hinder“阻碍，打扰”；C选项restrict“限制，约束”；D选项prohibit“阻止，禁止”。根据句意可知，这里是说控制自己不要抽烟，对自身的控制和管理应使用restrain，而restrict多指限制在一定的范围内。所以选项A最为恰当。

12.单选题

I’mtooignorantaboutsuchmatters;Iamnotqualifiedtocomment,butitseemstomesomebodywhohasstudiedataprestigiousuniversityabroadcouldn’tbeasbadasyousay.

问题1选项

A.profound

B.civilized

C.well-known

D.conventional

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项profound“深厚的；意义深远的；渊博的”；B选项civilized“文明的；有礼貌的”；C选项well-known“著名的；众所周知的”；D选项conventional“传统的；惯例的”。句意：我对这类事情太无知了，所以我没有资格评论，但在我看来，一个在国外……大学学习过的人不可能像你说的那么差。由后面的名词university“大学”，可排除A，B选项，因为它们常用来形容人，而非事物。由后面的信息couldn’tbeasbadasyousay“不能如你说的那样糟糕”，由此可知在他眼里那个人至少应该是优秀的，大多情况下优秀的人会考上声望很高的大学。因此C选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Badtravelingconditionshadseriously（）theirprogresstotheirdestinationinthat

region.

问题1选项

A.tugged

B.demolished

C.hampered

D.destroyed

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意:恶劣的旅行条件严重（）了他们到达该地区目的地的进程。tug用力拖，拖拉；demolish毁坏，破坏；hamper妨碍，牵制；destroy毁灭，消灭。C符合句意。

14.单选题

Thebookisavainattemptto（

）thenameofoneoftheworstdictatorsinmodernhistory.

问题1选项

A.worship

B.glorify

C.adore

D.cherish

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。worship“崇拜；尊敬”；glorify“赞美；美化”；adore“崇拜；爱慕”；cherish“怀有（感情等）；抱有（希望等）”。句意：这本书试图去美化现代历史中最坏的独裁者之一的名字，但是失败了。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Ifaforeignobjectbecomeslodgedintheeye,medicalhelpisnecessary.

问题1选项

A.depositedin

B.residedin

C.blurryto

D.isolatedfrom

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。lodgein意为“固定在，留在”；depositin意为“存放，存在”；residein意为“居住，存在于”；blurryto意为“模糊到”；isolatefrom意为“与……隔离”。

句意：如果有异物卡在眼睛内，需要医疗救助。

16.单选题

InancientIndia,thereusedtobeaveryformidable（

）inreligiousandsociallife.

问题1选项

A.hierarchy

B.power

C.despot

D.president

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意:在古印度，在社会和宗教生活中有很可怕的等级制度。

hierarchy等级制度。power功率;力量；能力。despot专制君主，暴君。president总统；董事长；校长。

17.单选题

ThemostthoroughlystudiedintellectualsinthehistoryoftheNewWorldaretheministersandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.AccordingtothestandardhistoryofAmericanphilosophy,nowhereelseincolonialAmericawas“somuchimportanceattachedtointellectualpursuits.”Accordingtomanybooksandarticles,NewEngland’sleadersestablishedthebasicthemesandpreoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritan(清教徒)traditioninAmericanintellectuallife.

TomakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeantostartwiththePuritans’theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch—importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.Butinkeepingwithourexaminationofsouthernintellectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeanculture,adjustingtoNewWorldcircumstances.TheNewEnglandcolonieswerethescenesofimportantepisodesinthepursuitofwidelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity.

TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmen