考研考博-英语-山东化工职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第1页
考研考博-英语-山东化工职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第2页
考研考博-英语-山东化工职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第3页
考研考博-英语-山东化工职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第4页
考研考博-英语-山东化工职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩477页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东化工职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Rumorsareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturningclamsituationinto()ones.

问题1选项

A.turbulent

B.tragic

C.vulnerable

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项turbulent“动荡的,湍流的”;B选项tragic“悲剧的,悲痛的,不幸的”;C选项vulnerable“易碎的,脆弱的”;D选项suspicious“可疑的,怀疑的”。句意:谣言无处不在,散布恐惧,损害名誉,使平静的局面变得_____。根据句子逻辑,这里表达的是“使平静的局面变得动荡”,因此A选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Nowadays,acellphoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI'mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.

Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfiniteapplications.Virtuallyinanypublicspace.

Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan’twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.

So,acellphone.Anycellphone.Justpickitup.Don'tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoevade.

Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:

“Yes,I’mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What’sthat?Yes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere.”

Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassing,nodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothematalatertime,pointtoyourphone,shrugandmoveon.

Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you'dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.

Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,soIcontinuedfakefoningwithmydoctor.“SoIdon’tneedtheoperation?Oh,doctor,thatisthebestnews.”

Andthen:Brrrrrrng!Brrrrrmg!Brrrrrmg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomyear.

“Hello?Areyoustillthere?”

Oops.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?

2.Whatisfakingfoning?

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefoninglookrealonehasto

4.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow?

5.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor

问题1选项

A.Cellphoneserviceispopularamongpeople.

B.Fakefoningisanewcellphoneservice.

C.Cellphonehasmuchuseinoffice.

D.Fakefoningisanewdiscovery.

问题2选项

A.Adevicenewlyproduced.

B.Astrategytoavoidpeople.

C.Aserviceprovidedeverywhere.

D.Askillofcommunication.

问题3选项

A.talkaboutinterestingmatters.

B.holdthephonewhilewalking.

C.appearabsorbedinconversation.

D.behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby.

问题4选项

A.Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.

B.Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone’sdoctor.

C.Fakefoningmaynotdeceivepeople.

D.Fakefoingisalwaysquitesuccessful.

问题5选项

A.immediatelystartedtalkingtothecaller.

B.immediatelystartedtalkingtohiscolleague.

C.putthephoneawayandstoppedtalking.

D.continuedwithhisfakingconversation.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。本题要找出说法错误的选项,可采用排除法。文章第一句提到任何人在任何地方都可以使用手机服务,因此选项A“手机服务对人们来说很普遍”正确。B选项说fakefoning是一项新的手机服务,明显错误。而由文章第二段可知,这种方法在办公室非常有用,故C项正确。文章第一段第二句指出可能已经有相当多的人在用这种方法了,但作者才刚刚发现,故D项正确。因此本题正确答案应为B项。

2.推理判断。本题询问fakefoning的含义,这正是文章的主题。虽然原文没有给出fakefoning的确切定义,但通过原文内容推理可知,fakefoning就是假装接听手机的意思。而foning也假借了ph的发音,其含义其实就是phoning。由原文第四段和第五段可以看出,这种假装接电话的目的是colleagueavoidance,故B选项正确。其余选项均为对文中语句的混淆解释。

3.推理判断题。题干询问“为了让假接手机看起来更真实,作者认为应该怎么做”。由原文第四段最后一句可知,要根据你想要避开的人而改变谈论的主题和内容,因此不能只谈论有趣的话题,故A项错误。而“走路的时候拿着手机”显然也不能单纯地提高真实性,故B项错误。根据原文第七段可知,要专注接听电话,对路过的人只需用眼神交流一下,点点头,同时还要指指电话,表示在讲电话,只能以后再聊,但并不能推断出这种礼貌地回应能让假接手机看起来更真实,故D项错误。只有C项“装成投入到交谈中的样子(没有注意到旁人)”最真实,最符合题意。因此,本题正确答案为C选项。

4.推理判断题。题干询问文中最后一个例子的含义,其实也就是询问最后四段的主旨。这个例子是讲作者有一次在假装接电话时,正好有一个电话打进来,作者只好急中生智,装成手机出问题断线了,而自己还不知道后面又继续通话,可见假接电话也要多加小心,故A选项正确。在这个例子中,作者只是刚好假装在和医生通话,故B选项错误。C选项认为fakefoning可能欺骗不了别人,是片面的,作者就很巧妙地化解了尴尬局面,成功骗了同事。选项D说假装接电话总是成功的,根据最后这个例子来看这也未必,还是需要小心的。因此本题正确答案为A选项。

5.细节事实题。根据倒数第三段可知,当电活铃突然响起时,作者正好与同事四目相对,但是作者并未惊慌,只是很自然地说道:“这东西出什么毛病了?”同时拿开手机看了一下,然后重新放回耳边说到:“喂喂喂,还在吗?”由此可以看出,作者是对同事说了一句话,因此本题正确答案为B选项。

3.单选题

Mymotherwouldratherputhonestyfirstinher(

)ofvalues,whichisimportantforourgrowth.

问题1选项

A.inventory

B.hierarchy

C.observation

D.identification

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。inventory“存货”;hierarchy“层级,等级”;observation“观察”;identification“识别,鉴别”。句意为:我的母亲宁可将诚实放在其价值观体系的首位,这对于我们的成长很重要。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Iwasnot___byhismanyargumentssofinallyweagreedtodiffer.

问题1选项

A.convicted

B.assured

C.convinced

D.concerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项convicted“证明…有罪;宣告…有罪”;B选项assured“保证;担保;使确信;弄清楚”;C选项convinced“说服;使确信,使信服”;D选项concerned“影响;牵扯(某人);关系到;涉及;使担心”。句意:他的许多论点不能使我___,所以最后我们同意各持己见。本句表达“它的论点不能使我信服”,因此C选项正确。

5.单选题

Thisfocusonrotememorizationcanbe____tocultivatingstrongcreativethinkersorcomingupwiththeirownwayofdoingthings.

问题1选项

A.detrimental

B.conducive

C.confidential

D.perceptual

【答案】A

【解析】考查上下文语义。A选项detrimental“不利的;有害的”;B选项conducive“有益的;有助于”;C选项confidential“机密的;表示信任的”;D选项perceptual“感知的;有知觉的”。句意:专注于死记硬背,对于培养具有强大的创造性思维思考者是____的,对于形成他们自己的做事方式也是____的。想培养创造性思维不能只死记硬背,A选项detrimental“不利的;有害的”符合语境。因此,本题最佳选项为A。

6.单选题

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirror—theglassofaroofinagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert’sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3warmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetersandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth’schieffood-growingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthinkericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand“cold”spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror“colder”facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth’satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsovariableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingmutualrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolar-weatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.

41.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould______.

42.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain______.

43.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis______.

44.Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scientistsareoftheopinionthat______.

45.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrect,______.

问题1选项

A.preventthesun’sraysfromreachingtheearth’ssurface

B.meanawarmingupintheArctic

C.accountforgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere

D.raisethetemperatureoftheearth’ssurface

问题2选项

A.thegreenhouseeffect

B.thesolareffectsontheearth

C.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions

D.thecauseaffectingweather

问题3选项

A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerising

B.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremelting

C.exclusivelyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate

D.partlyduetovariationsintheoutputofsolarenergy

问题4选项

A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcooler

B.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth’sclimatetotakeeffect

C.theman-madewarmingeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffects

D.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffect

问题5选项

A.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuels

B.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphere

C.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

D.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworktotheadvantageoftheearth

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】41.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“可以得出结论的是,大气中二氧化碳的浓度将会……”。根据文章第一段carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirror—theglassofaroofinagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.(二氧化碳的作用就像一面单向镜子——温室屋顶的玻璃,它允许阳光进入,但阻止热量逸出。)可知A项“阻止太阳光线到达地球表面”,内容与文章内容相反;B项“意味着北极的气候变暖”,第三段最后两句提到ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.(但是,气象专家现在把更多的注意力放在了南极西部,那里可能只会受到几度的变暖的影响:换句话说,由于燃料的燃烧,在未来的50年里可能会出现这样的变暖),由此可知,现在南极气温更容易受气候变暖的影响,所以B项内容不准确;C项“导致了北半球气候的巨大变化”,内容与原文所说正相反,第五段第一句提到However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.(然而,大部分燃料是在北半球燃烧的,那里的气温似乎正在下降),由此可知二氧化碳会使大气温度上升,但事实上气温却在降低,所以是无法用二氧化碳来解释北半球气温变化的,C项错误;根据第四段最后两句话Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.(现有的证据表明气候已经变暖。这符合二氧化碳使地球变暖的理论。)可知D项“提高地球表面的温度”符合题意。因此该题选D。

42.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“文章是用来解释……”。从全文来看,作者主要探讨了两种对大气温度变化产生影响的原因——人为因素和自然因素。若以人为原因为主,现在的大气温度应比以前更高,但事实上相反,大气温度似乎在下降;若以自然原因为主,现在应该进入一个新的冰河时代,但是又没有,说明二氧化碳与太阳在相互影响着大气的温度,只有D项“影响天气的原因”全面表达了文章的内容,即解释影响天气的原因。A项“温室效应”和B项“太阳对地球的影响”都只是其中一个原因,不够全面。C项“太阳-天气相互作用的模型”太片面,也不选。因此该题选D。

43.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“虽然北半球的燃料消耗较大,但那里的气温似乎在下降。这是……”。根据题干定位到文章的第五段第二句Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.(因此,科学家得出结论,到目前为止,自然对天气的影响已经超过了人类造成的影响),接着作者在第六段提到Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesunitsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.(一种可能是太阳的变化……它的热量输出呈周期性上升和下降,最新的趋势是下降),由此可知,影响北半球气温下降的原因有一部分是自然的影响,因此D项“部分原因是太阳能输出的变化”符合题意。A项“主要是因为二氧化碳的含量在上升”,第七段提到Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.(如果这是正确的,那么二氧化碳的变暖效应可能会起到有效的平衡太阳热量递减的作用),由此可知,大气中不断上升的二氧化碳浓度能平衡气温中不断消失的太阳热量,所以A项内容不正确;B项“可能是因为两极的冰盖正在融化”,与题干无关;C项“这完全是由于地球气候惯性的影响”,内容太绝对。因此该题选D。

44.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“根据他们的模型,科学家们认为……”。根据文章的第七段的第二句话…thatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAge(这些模型预测世界将进入一个新的冰河时代,但事实并非如此),由此可知科学家认为气候应该变得更冷,因此A项“世界的气候应该会变得更冷”符合题意。B项“地球气候的惯性将需要数千年才能起作用”,最后一段倒数第二句Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.(解决这一理论难题的一种方法是假设有数千年的延迟,而太阳效应克服了地球气候的惯性),根据这个句子可知文章提到太阳效应克服地球气候的惯性是用来对科学家们认为的模型预测世界将进入一个新的冰河时代的一种假设,不符合题意;C项“人为的变暖效应有助于增加太阳效应”,文章最后一句提到thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.(二氧化碳的变暖效应可能会起到有效的平衡太阳热量递减的作用),因此C项错误。D项“新的冰川期将被温室效应推迟”,文章中科学家做出的假设是太阳效应克服了地球气候的这种惯性,所以D项错误。因此该题选A。

45.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“如果新冰河世纪延迟的假设是正确的,那么……”。文章最后两句话提到Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.(解决这一理论难题的一种方法是假设有数千年的延迟,而太阳效应克服了地球气候的惯性。如果这是正确的,那么二氧化碳的变暖效应可能会起到有效的平衡太阳热量递减的作用),可知如果新冰河世纪延迟的假设是正确的,温室效应可以平衡太阳热量递减的作用,因此对地球是有利的,这与D项“温室效应可能对地球有利”符合;A项“克服这种冷却效应的最好方法是燃烧更多的燃料”原文未提及;B项“冰很快就会覆盖北半球”,第五段首句提到mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere(大部分燃料是在北半球燃烧的),所以B项内容不正确;C项“大气中二氧化碳含量的增加会使地球更快地变暖”,不是变暖,而是平衡太阳热量的递减,C项也不正确。因此该题选D。

7.单选题

I’venotevenreadthefirstchapter____finishedthewholenovel.

问题1选项

A.ratherthan

B.muchmore

C.aswellas

D.muchless

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ratherthan而不是B.muchmore更加;多得多

C.aswellas也;和……一样D.muchless更不用说;不及

【答案】D

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意:我甚至还没读完第一章……看完整本小说。根据逻辑,小说第一章都没有看完,可推断更不用说看完整本小说了。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】我连第一章都没看完,更别说读完整部小说了。

8.单选题

Failureisprobablythemostfatiguingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoreexhaustingthannotsucceeding,beingblocked,notmovingahead.Itisanevilcircle.Failurebreedsfatigue,andfatiguemakesithardertogettowork,whichaddstothefatigue.

Weexperiencethistirednessintwomainways,asstart-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskthatweareforcedtotakeup.Eitherbecauseitistootediousorbecauseitistoodifficult,weavoidit.Andthelongerwepostponeit,themoretiredwefeel.

Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evennotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones,Theremedyisobvious,thoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:willpowerexercise.ThemomentIfindmyselfturningawayfromajob,orputtingitunderapileofthingsIhavetodo,Iclearmydeskofeverythingelseandattachtheobjectionableitemfirst.Topreventstart-upfatigue,alwaystreatthemostdifficultjobfirst.

Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.Herewearewillingtogetstarted,butwecan'tseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappeartobeinsurmountableandhoweverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Themountingexperienceoffailurecarrieswithitanever-increasingburdenofmentalfatigue.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan,thenlettheunconscioustakeover.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbecalledanevilcircle?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whenkeepingputtingoffatask,wecanexperience().

3.Toovercomestart-upfatigue,weneed().

4.Theword“insurmountable”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans().

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.Success-zeal-success-zeal

B.Failure-tiredness-failure-tiredness

C.Failure-zeal-failure-tiredness

D.Success-exhaustion-success-exhaustion

问题2选项

A.tiredness

B.performancefatigue

C.start-upfatigue

D.unconsciousness

问题3选项

A.toughness

B.prevention

C.muscles

D.strongwillpower

问题4选项

A.thatcannotbesolved

B.thatcannotbeunderstood

C.thatcannotbeimagined

D.thatcannotbeobjected

问题5选项

A.Itiseasiertoovercomestart-upfatigue

B.Performancefatigueoccurswhenthejobwearewillingtotakegetsblocked

C.Onewillfinallysucceedafterexperiencingtheevilcircle

D.Fatigueoftenaccompaniesfatigue

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段Thereisnothingmoreexhaustingthannotsucceedingbeingblocked,notmovingahead.Itisanevilcircle.Failurebreedsfatigue,andfatiguemakesithardertogettowork,whichaddstothefatigue.可知失败会导致疲惫,而疲惫会使你更难工作,进而导致疲惫加重,于是进入恶性循环,受阻不前,影响进度。因此,B项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskthatweareforcedtotakeup.Eitherbecauseitistootediousorbecauseitistoodifficult,weavoidit.可知,我们会因为任务过于乏味或太难而推迟完成任务,这种情况就是start-upfatigue。因此,C项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第三段Theremedyisobvious,thoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:willpowerexercise.可知,解决办法就是需要我们加强意志力的锻炼。因此,本题选择D项正确。

4.词汇题。题干词汇insurmountable意思是不能克服的,难以解决超越的。A选项“不能被解决”,B选项“不能被理解的”,C选项“不能被想象的”,D选项“不能被否决的”。因此,A选项正确。

5.推理判断题。由文章第二段可知可以通过锻炼意志力来克服start-upfatigue可知A项正确。B选项可通过原文Herewearewillingtogetstarted,butwecan’tseemtodothejobright.推断得出。C选项在原文中没有明确说明,过于绝对。根据原文最后一段Themountingexperienceoffailurecarrieswithitanever-increasingburdenofmentalfatigue.可知D选项正确。故本题正确答案为C选项。

9.单选题

Thatterriblenoiseis()memad.

问题1选项

A.driving

B.setting

C.putting

D.turning

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配题。drivesb.

使某人...。句意:那可怕的噪音快把我逼疯了。

10.单选题

Shesaysthefilesshelookedatweren’tconfidentialandwere()forconsultationbyanyseniormemberofstaff.

问题1选项

A.freeavailable

B.freelyavailing

C.freeavailably

D.freelyavailable

【答案】D

【解析】语法和固定搭配。根据空格前的be动词were可知,空格处的中心词应该是一个形容词。available“可获得的,可购得的”;availably“有效用地,可获得地”;availing为动词avail的现在分词形式。所以排除选项B和C。形容词前可有副词修饰,freely“免费地,自由地”,free“免费的,自由的”。句意:她说她看的文件不是机密的,并且任何高级职员都可以免费获得这些文件的咨询。选项D符合题意。

11.填空题

Ihaveno(1)wholivesinthatgreythree-storyhouse(2)theroad.Iseelightsoninthewindowsmostevenings,butIhaveneversee(3)goinginorout.

【答案】1.idea;

2.across;

3.anyone

【解析】1.固定搭配。第一空是固定用法havenoidea不知道。

2.介词辨析。第二空应填入介词,后面说Iseelightsoninthewindows,由此可知观察者能看见那栋房子的方位,故填across。

3.语义题。第三空应填入宾语。前面是否定词never,因此填anyone。

12.单选题

Accordingtolegalprovisions,thepropertieswilleither(

)theoriginalownerorelsebesoldatauction.

问题1选项

A.committo

B.backto

C.proceedto

D.revertto

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词组辨析。committo“把……投入”;backto“后退到”;proceedto“继续下去”;revertto“回复;归还”。句意:根据法律规定,这些财产将归还给原主,否则就被拍卖。选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

TomJones,who()aroundtheworld,willcometoAsianextmonth.

问题1选项

A.willbetouring

B.havetoured

C.hadbeentouring

D.hasbeentouring

【答案】D

【解析】根据句意可知,这里是已经开始并持续进行的动作,所以应该用现在完成进行时。选项D正确。

14.单选题

Wewereborntolovingparentswho()theimportanceoffamilybonds,education,hardwork,andcommitmenttoothers.

问题1选项

A.attach

B.stress

C.stretch

D.ascribe

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。attach“使依附,贴上”;stress“强调;使紧张”;stretch“伸展,拉紧”;ascribe“归因于;归咎于”。句意:慈爱的父母将我们养育长大,他们教给我们亲情、教育、勤勉和恪守承诺。根据句意可知选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmallwell-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts.Yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerlessthathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob.Theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain-bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis(

).

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat(

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose(

).

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould(

).

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof(

).

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividualfunctionsinit

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

问题3选项

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

问题4选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkerandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题5选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.tolerance

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一句话通常点出主旨大意。通篇文章都在谈论人们由于对工作没有激情和兴趣而找不到存在感,生活在巨大的焦虑之中的现实。所以C选项“社会中毫不重要的一个小部分,尽管一切运作正常”符合题意。

2.根据文章第二段的最后一句话‘Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.他们生活和死亡从来没有面对过人类作为情感和智力独立和有生产力的人存在的基本现实。’确定真正的原因是作为“情感与理智上独立的、富有创造性的”个人被忽视。D选项正确。选项A、B只是部分原因,不是真正的原因;C的意思与文章内容相悖。

3.语义推测题。文章第三段开头提到‘Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.生活在社会上层阶级的人需要面对更为激烈的竞争,因此面临着更大的焦虑,同时也更没有安全感‘。所以A和B选项排除。第三段最后一句提到“Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.一个人需要频繁地去证实他不比其竞争者差或比他更好,这样频繁的焦虑和压力正是人类抑郁和生病的原因。”,所以C选项排除。所以正确答案为D。

4.语义理解题。文章最后一段作者提到了解决方法:Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities-thoseofloveandofreason-aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.我建议把我们的社会制度从以最大限度的生产和消费为目的的官僚主义管理的工业主义转变为以人为本的工业主义,在这种工业主义中,人和充分发挥他的潜力---即爱和理性的潜力---是一切社会安排的目标。作者不赞同回到工业革命前的生产模式或是19世纪自由市场资本主义,所以A和B选项排除。作者赞同旨在激发人类爱和理智无限潜能的社会事业,所以C选项正确。D选项文章没有提及,排除。

5.作者观点题。作者提出了由于工业主义后在社会上产生的焦虑,但是文章最后一段,作者并不仅仅是表达对现状的不满意,而是以宽容的方式提出更好的建议来改善现状。所以D选项“宽容”符合题意。A“赞同”和C“怀疑”都不符合文意,排除。B‘不满’比较片面,排除。

16.单选题

In1885OwenWister(1850-1938)recordedthat“itwon’tbeacenturybeforethewestissimplythetrueAmerica,withthought,type,andlifeofitsown”andhewanted“tobethehandthatonce,forall,chronicledandlaidbarethevirtuesandtheicesofthisextraordinaryphaseofAmericansocialprogress.”Heneverbecamethatself-envisionedTolstoioftheoldWest,butin1902TheVirginianwaspublished.Itwoninstantsuccessandsky-rocketeditsauthortofame.Itisstillthemostpopular“western”noveleverpublishedandthemasterdesignforthefictionoftheWildWest.

TheVirginianestablishedaliteraryform,aformulapopularlyknownas“horseopera”,whoseconventions,cliches,andvalueshavereappearedinnovelsandshortstories,inmoviesandtelevisionserials,eversince.Theromanticcowboyistheheroandgentleman,oneofthose“goodmeninthehumblerwalksoflife”,whoseemsthroughshams,defendsjusticeandalady’shonor,shootsitoutwiththevillainandconquersevil.BecauseofTheVirginian,Wistercreatedacharacterwhoistheoriginaltypeforthewesternfolkhero.HerepresentstheembodimentofcertainAmericanideals—amanwhoisequaltoalloccasionswhoshowsindependenceofaction,amanwhokeepshiswordwhoisabroad-gaugefellowlivingamongnarrow-gaugefold”.ButtheliterarydeviceandcowboycodewhichWisterestablisheddictatedthattheheromustkilltheheadman.Thisnecessityforsanctioningmurderandromanticizingofthecowboyasagentlemanprohibited.TheVirginianandthegenreitcreatedfrombecomingseriousfiction,orevenanauthenticproductofthewesternexperience.Insteadofachievinghisambition,therefore,WistergaveusasortofAmericanfolkepic,thecowboystory.

1.OwenWisterbelieved().

2.Stylistically,TheVirginianisnotedfor

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论