高中英语语法专题系列：状语从句课件

高中英语语法专题系列：状语从句课件状语从句定义在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句定义在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主状语从句分类1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句状语从句分类1.时间状语从句1.时间状语从句常用连词：when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till),once,assoonas,themoment,immediately,each/everytime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,bythetime,whenever等引导。1.时间状语从句常用连词：1）whenwhen引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。WhenIgot

totheairport,theplanehadalreadytakenoff.（前后）WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseasideonSundays.（持续）Whenthemovieended,thepeoplewentback.（短暂）1）whenwhen引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以【注意】当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以用“when＋分词”的形式替代该状语从句。WhenIcameintotheroom,Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.=Whencominginto

theroom,I

foundhimlyingthereasleep.=Cominginto

theroom,

Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.【注意】当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，2）whilewhile侧重主句的动作发生在从句的时间之间，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。Whilewewerechatting

,shewaslookingatthetimetableonthewall．WhileIslept,athiefbrokein.while+持续性动词2）whilewhile侧重主句的动作发生在从句的时间之间，3）asas表示

一边…一边…，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。SometimesIwatchTVas

Iamhavingbreakfast．（一边...一边...）as表示随着，此用法不用when或while替

Asspringwarmstheearth,allflowersbegintobloom.（随着）3）asas表示一边…一边…，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替4）beforebefore表示在一段时间之前。

HehadlearnedEnglishforthreeyearsbefore

hewenttoLondon.

Shedidn't

gooutbefore

shefinishedherhomework.(=not……until……)她把作业做完才出去的。4）beforebefore表示在一段时间之前。before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到…就…；还没来得及…就...。作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/could。ThemanhungupthephonebeforeIcouldanswerit.Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到…就…before常用句型（必背句型）①Itwillbe+时间段+before+一般现在时：要等多久才…….

Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.②Itwon'tbelongbefore+一般现在时：等不了多久就会……

Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretwhatyouhavedone.③Itwas+时间段+before+一般过去时：等了多久就……Itwasminutesbeforethepolicearrived.

④Itwasn'tlongbefore+一般过去时：没等多久就……ItwasnotlongbeforeIrealizedIwaswrong.

before常用句型（必背句型）【比较】Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时：自从……以来到现在已经有多长时间Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.【注意】Itisthreeyearssincehesmoked.他不吸烟已有3年了。Itisthreeyearssincehehassmoked.他吸烟已有3年了。【比较】Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since5）unitl/tilltill和until引导时间状语从句时跟主句里肯定形式表示延续性动作的谓语动词连用表示“到……为止”。Walkuntil/tillyoucometoawhitehouse.Iwill

staywithheruntil/tillhecomesback.5）unitl/tilltill和until引导时间状语从till和until跟主句里否定形式表示非延续性动作的谓语动词连用表示“直到……才(开始)”，这时until和till可用before代替。Not有时被no,nobody,nothing,never,hardly,little等否定词所取代。People

donot

knowthevalueoftheirhealthtill/until/before

theyloseit.Don’tputoffwhatyoucandotodayuntiltomorrow.今日事，今日毕。=Never

putoffwhatyoucandotoday

untiltomorrow.till和until跟主句里否定形式表示非延续性动作的谓语【until常见考点】结构A：Notuntil+时间状语(从句)+主句倒装句Notuntil

shegothomedidsherealizethatshehadlosthernecklace.结构B：

Itis(was)notuntil+时间状语(从句)+that+主句

强调句Itwasnotuntilyesterday

that

Irememberedit.Itwasnotuntil

IsawMargaretnextmorningthat

Ifelthappy.【until常见考点】结构A：Notuntil+时间状语6）sincesince自……以来。主句中通常为延续性动词的现在完成时，since从句中一般用短暂性动词的一般过去时。Where

haveyoubeen

sinceIlastsawyou？Itisthreeyearssincehebegantosmoke.6）sincesince自……以来。主句中通常为延续性动词的since还可以用作副词或介词。Youhavemade

greatachievementsinyourworksincegraduation.=Youhavemade

greatachievementsinyourworksinceyougraduated.since还可以用作副词或介词。7）assoonasassoonas...可译为“一…就…”。Hewillcomeandsee

youassoonas

hegets

home.（主将从现）【注意】一…就…还可以用on/upondoing结构来表示。OnarrivinghomehecalledupLester.=Assoonashearrivedhome,hecalledupLester.7）assoonasassoonas...可译为“【补充】immediately/instantly/directly和themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond这几个名词短语相当于assoonas，直接引导时间状语从句，表示一…就…。Theyphonedherimmediatelytheyreachedhome.Telephonemethemoment(that)

yougettheresults.【补充】8）scarely/hardly…when…

nosooner…than…scarely/hardly…when…；nosooner…than…都表示刚……就……，主句通常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。He

hadnosooner

startedout

than

hefelt

homesick.Hehadhardly

startedhisspeechwhen

someonerose

torefutehispoints.8）scarely/hardly…when…

【注意】当hardly/scarcely,nosooner

位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。Hardlyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorwokeherup.

NosoonerhadIgot

homethanitbegantorain.【注意】9）onceonce作连词时，一旦，但它含有的条件意味更浓。Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.

Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.

9）onceonce作连词时，一旦，但它含有的条件意味更浓10）nexttime,thefirsttime等nexttime,

thefirsttime,thelasttime,

everytime,anytime,eachtime

直接引导时间状语从句。Besuretocallonusnexttimeyoucometotown.IlovedthispicturethefirsttimeIsawit.【区别】I'vebeenhere

forthefirsttime.（副词）10）nexttime,thefirsttime等n11）bythetimebythetime也可以引导时间状语从句，意为到

….时为止，主句一般要用完成时态。Bythetime

hewasfourteen,Einsteinhadlearned

advancedmathematicsallbyhimself.

Iwillhavefinishedmyworkbythetimeyoureturn.11）bythetimebythetime也可以引经典例题1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.IncaseD.theminute答案：D2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since答案：C经典例题1.Iwassofamiliarwith3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While答案：C4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while答案：C5.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.A.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than答案：C3.______thedaywenton,the2.地点状语从句常用连词：where,wherever,everywhere,anywhereWhere

Ilive,thereareplentyoftrees.我住的地方树很多。Everywheretheywent,theywerekindlyreceived.无论他们去哪里，都受到热情的款待。2.地点状语从句常用连词：【注意】在地点状语从句之前，不要使用介词。误：Youshouldputthebookatwhereitwas.正：Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.

误：Weshouldgotowhereweareneededmost.正：Weshouldgowhereweareneededmost.【注意】【注意】区别where引导的定语从句和状语从句。Putthebookwhereitwas.（状语从句）=Putthebookattheplacewhereitwas.（定语从句）【注意】1.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark_______themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich答案：B2.Ifyouaretravelling______thecustomsaretotallydifferentfromyourown,youmayfeelaculturalshock.A.intheplaceB.whichC.inwhichD.where答案：D经典例题1.Whenhereadsabook,hish3.原因状语从句常用连词：as,because,since,now(that),consideringthat,seeingthat,giventhat3.原因状语从句常用连词：1）because①because等词不能与so连用。Becauseitwasraining,Janeworearaincoat.②句型：Thereason(why)…isthat…

其中的that最好不用because代替。“之所以……是因为……”Thereason(why)I’mlateisthatImissedthebus.③because后接陈述句；becauseof后接短语等。Wesaidnothingaboutit,because

ofhiswife’sbeingthere.1）because①because等词不能与so连用。【比较】

because和for的区别。1.for是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表示原因时，可位于句首。【误】Forhedidnotobeytherules,hewaspunished.【正】Because

hedidnotobeytherules,hewaspunished.2.for表示的是推断解释，because强调动作发生的直接原因。Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.【比较】

because和for的区别。2）since,as,nowthatSince

youhavenolicense,youarenotallowedtodrive.既然Astheweatherwasfine,wedecidedtoclimbthemountain.由于Now(that)youmentionitagain,Idoremember.

既然，因为2）since,as,nowthatSinceyou1.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,______thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where答案：A2.Somepeoplebelievethat______oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.A./B.thoughC.forD.since答案：D经典例题1.Jennywasverysadoverthe4.条件状语从句常用连词：if,unless(=ifnot),so（as）longas,onconditionthat,

providing，provided(that)，supposing，suppose(that)4.条件状语从句常用连词：1）if和unless(ifnot)Ifhedoesn'tcomeat8,wewon'twaitforhim.Heissuretocomeunlesshehassomeurgentbusiness.=Heissuretocome

if

hedoesnot

haveanyurgentbusiness.1）if和unless(ifnot)Ifhedoe2）as/solongas;onconditionthatsolongas,aslongas,onconditionthat这几个短语意思差多，都表示只要，条件是……。As/Solongaswedon‘tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.Ishallgiveyoumydictionaryonconditionthat

youreturnittomorrow.2）as/solongas;oncondition1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas答案：C2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless答案：C经典例题1.Wewillbeabletogetther3.______youhavetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When答案：A4.Theofficialsoonrealizedthat,______,thingswouldgetworse.A.unlessdealtwithproperlyB.ifnotproperlydealingwithitC.unlessproperlydealtwithD.ifdealtnotproperlywith答案：C3.______youhavetriedit,y5.让步状语从句常用连词：although/though,as,evenif/eventhough,while,nomatter+疑问词，whether（是否）5.让步状语从句常用连词：1）although/thoughalthough常用语开头Althoughhisillnesshadpreventedhimfromstudying,hemanagedtopastheexam.though可用于句首、句中或句末Ihaven‘tcheckedtheinformationyet,thoughIthinkitiscorrect.1）although/thoughalthough常用语开【注意】当有though,although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是能与yet可连用。Thoughshewasbusywithherwork,yet

shemanagedtofindtimetostaywithherfamily【注意】2）as/toughas/though引导让步状语从句表示“虽然、即使、尽管”，其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，放在句首。Greatas/thoughtheauthorwas,heprovedabadmodel.Childas/though

heis,hecantellblackfromwhite.(倒装时要省去单个名词前的冠词)Tryhardas/though

hewill,heneverseemsabletodothework

satisfactorily.2）as/toughas/though引导让步状语从句表示“3）evenif/eventhoughevenif,eventhough解释“即使”，两者可以通用。Wewon'tbediscouragedeven

if/thoughwefailtentimes.Even

if/thoughyoufail,youwillhavegainedexperience.3）evenif/eventhoughevenif,4）whilewhile也可引导让步状语从句，突出主句和从句的对比，表示“尽管，虽然”。While

Iunderstandwhatyousay,Ican'tagreewithyou.Whileheloveshisstudents,

heisverystrictwiththem.4）whilewhile也可引导让步状语从句，突出主句和从句5）由nomatter+疑问词和

由疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句由nomatter+疑问词引导，表示“不管；无论”；由疑问词＋ever引导，表示“不管，不论”。这类词有：whatever，whichever，whoever，however，whenever，wherever等,他们相当于nomatter+what（which，who，how，when，where）。We‘llhavetofinishthejob,however(nomatterhow)longittakes.不管需要多长时间，我们都一定完成这项工作。Nomatterwhat(Whatever)

youdo,don‘ttellhimthatItoldyouthis.无论你做什么，别告诉他我对你说过这件事。5）由nomatter+疑问词和

由疑问词＋ever引导______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless答案：A2.Theworkersaredeterminedtogothroughwiththeirrailwayproject,____theexpenseshaverisen.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthough答案：B经典例题______Iacceptthatheisnot3.______,heknowsmorethanotherchildrenofhisage.A.HoweveryoungchildheisB.ChildasheisC.NomatterhowyoungchildisD.Whatayoungchildheis答案：B4.Ireallywantthematch,howevermuch______.A.doesitcostB.costsitC.willitcostD.itcosts答案：D3.______,heknowsmorethan6.目的状语从句常用连词：sothat,inorderthat,incase,lest,forfearthat6.目的状语从句常用连词：1）sothat和inorderthatsothat，inorderthat表示“为了，以便”。Theyhurriedsothat

theymight

notmissthetrain.【注意】sothat在目的状语从句中要有情态动词；无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。Inorderthateveryonepresentmighthearherclearly,sheraisedhervoiceagain.

1）sothat和inorderthatsothat【注意】当主从句的主语一致时，sothat和inorderthat引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构。Theyhurriedsothat

theymightnotmissthetrain.=Theyhurriedsoasnottomissthetrain.【注意】2）incase,lest,forfearthatincase,lest,forfearthat几个短语都表示“万一，惟恐”，含有否定的意义,引导的目的状语从句的中谓语要用一般现在时或者“should+动词原形”（表示虚拟）。Bettertakemoreclothesincase

theweatheriscold.Theywatchedhimcloselyincaseheshouldescape.2）incase,lest,forfeartha1.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.A.althoughB.eventhoughC.sothatD.since答案：C2.Hehadhiscameraready_____hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.A.evenifB.ifonlyC.incaseD.so答案：C经典例题1.Bringitnearer_____Imay7.结果状语从句常用连词：so；so…that；such…that；sothatIdidn'tplantheworkwell,so/sothat

Ididn'tfinishitintime.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.7.结果状语从句常用连词：1）so...that1．so+形容词副词+that-从句Thewindwas

sostrongthatwecouldhardlymoveforward.2．so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that-从句Hemadesoinspiringaspeechthateverybodygotexcited.

1）so...that1．so+形容词副词+tha3．so+many/few/+复数名词+that-从句Ihavehadsomanyfalls

thatIamblackandblueallover.4．so+much/little+不可数名词+that-从句IhadsolittlemoneythenthatIcouldn'tevenaffordausedcar.3．so+many/few/+复数名词+that-从5.在so+形容词/副词+that-从句结构中，如将so+形容词副词位于句首，主谓语要倒装。Soloudlydidhespeakthateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Sobrightwasthemoonthattheflowerswerebrightasbyday.5.在so+形容词/副词+that-从句结构中，如将2）such...that1．such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that-从句Jennyissuchaclevergirlthatallofuslikeherverymuch.2．such+形容词+复数名词+that-从句Theyaresuchinterestingnovelsthatallofuswanttoreadthem.3．such+形容词+不可数名词+that-从句Hemadesuchrapidprogressthattheteacherpraisedhim.2）such...that1．such+a/an+【注意】such+a/an+形容词+单数名词结构可以和so+形容词+a/an+单数名词结构互换。Hetoldussuchafunnystorythatwealllaughed.→Hetoldussofunnyastorythatwealllaughed.→Thestoryhetolduswassofunnythatwealllaughed.【注意】3）suchthatsuchthat可以连用，意思是（是）这样...以致。Mother‘sanswerwassuchthat

shedidn’tsayyesandshedidn'tsayno.

Hisangerwassuchthat

helostcontrolofhimself.

3）suchthatsuchthat可以连用，意思是（是Wewerein________whenweleftthatweforgottheairlinetickets.A.arushsoanxiousB.asuchanxiousrushC.soananxiousrushD.suchananxiousrush答案：D经典例题Wewerein________whenwelef2.Theradiowasof______itookitbacktotheshop.A.tooinferiorqualitythatB.suchinferiorqualitythatC.quiteinferiorqualitythatD.soinferiorqualitythat答案：B2.Theradiowasof______it8.方式状语从句常用连词：as,(just)as…so…,

asif,asthough8.方式状语从句常用连词：1）as和(just)as...so...as,(just)as…so…可引导的方式状语，意思是“正如…”，“就像”，多用于正式文体。Aswateristofish,soairistoman.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。Justas

wesweepourrooms,soweshouldsweepbackwardIdeasfromourminds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。1）as和(just)as...so...as,(jus2）asif/asthoughasif/asthough引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大,

表示"仿佛…"，"好像…"。Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif/asthough

theyneverexisted.他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。

Itlooks

asif/asthought

theweathermaypickupverysoon.看来天气很快就会好起来。2）asif/asthoughasif/asth1.Emily

remembers

everything

exactly

it

happenedyesterday.A.asifB.evenifC.whenD.aslongas答案：A经典例题1.Emily

remembers

everything

9.比较状语从句常用连词：as，than，themore...themore...9.比较状语从句常用连词：1）asas...as,thesameas用于同等程度级的比较。否定句用notso/as…as,notthesame…asSheworksinthesamebuilding

as

mysister.1）asas...as,thesameas用于同等程度2）morethan表示不同程度级的比较Heistwoinchestallerthanhisfather.

=Heistallerthanhisfatherbytwoinches.2）morethan表示不同程度级的比较3）themore...,themore...themore...,themore...意思是越……就越……。Themore

youread,thebetteryouunderstand.（=Ifyoureadmore,youwillunderstandbetter.）3）themore...,themore...the倍数表达①倍数+

the

+名词+of+比较对象。常用名词：age,size,width,length,depth等。Ournewschoolisfourtimesthesizeoftheoldone.

②倍数+as……as+比较对象Hisfatheristwice/doubleasoldashe(is).Ournewschoolisfourtimesasbigastheoldone.

③倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+比较对象Ournewschoolis

threetimesbiggerthantheoldone.倍数表达①倍数+the+名词+of+比较对象。常用名词1.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe______thepresentone.

A.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigasC.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas答案：B经典例题1.Thenewstadiumbeingbuil2.Americanseat________vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.

A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasmany答案：D2.Americanseat________vege__________volleyballishermainfocus,she'salsogreatatbasketball.A.SinceB.OnceC.UnlessD.While答案：D2.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon'tbothertoseeit,orI'llwait____itcomesoutonDVD.A.whetherB.afterC.thoughD.until答案：D综合练习__________volleyballisherm3.Asitreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since答案：D4.Nomatterhow________,itisnotnecessarilylifeless.A.adesertmaybedryB.dryadesertmaybeC.mayadesertbedryD.drymayadesertbe答案：B3.Asitreported,itis100y5.Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech_____thestudentsstartedcheering.A.sinceB.asC.whenD.than答案：D6.Timisingoodshapephysically

hedoesn‘tgetmuchexercise.A.ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongas答案：B5.Hehadnosoonerfinishedh7.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,______accompaniedbyanadult.onceB.whenC.ifD.unless答案：D8.Peterwassoexcited_______hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing.A.whereB.thatC.whyD.when答案：D7.Theschoolrulesstatethat高中英语语法专题系列：状语从句课件状语从句定义在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句定义在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主状语从句分类1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句状语从句分类1.时间状语从句1.时间状语从句常用连词：when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till),once,assoonas,themoment,immediately,each/everytime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,bythetime,whenever等引导。1.时间状语从句常用连词：1）whenwhen引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。WhenIgot

totheairport,theplanehadalreadytakenoff.（前后）WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseasideonSundays.（持续）Whenthemovieended,thepeoplewentback.（短暂）1）whenwhen引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以【注意】当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以用“when＋分词”的形式替代该状语从句。WhenIcameintotheroom,Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.=Whencominginto

theroom,I

foundhimlyingthereasleep.=Cominginto

theroom,

Ifoundhimlyingthereasleep.【注意】当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，2）whilewhile侧重主句的动作发生在从句的时间之间，且从句的动词必须是持续性的。Whilewewerechatting

,shewaslookingatthetimetableonthewall．WhileIslept,athiefbrokein.while+持续性动词2）whilewhile侧重主句的动作发生在从句的时间之间，3）asas表示

一边…一边…，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。SometimesIwatchTVas

Iamhavingbreakfast．（一边...一边...）as表示随着，此用法不用when或while替

Asspringwarmstheearth,allflowersbegintobloom.（随着）3）asas表示一边…一边…，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替4）beforebefore表示在一段时间之前。

HehadlearnedEnglishforthreeyearsbefore

hewenttoLondon.

Shedidn't

gooutbefore

shefinishedherhomework.(=not……until……)她把作业做完才出去的。4）beforebefore表示在一段时间之前。before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到…就…；还没来得及…就...。作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/could。ThemanhungupthephonebeforeIcouldanswerit.Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到…就…before常用句型（必背句型）①Itwillbe+时间段+before+一般现在时：要等多久才…….

Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.②Itwon'tbelongbefore+一般现在时：等不了多久就会……

Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretwhatyouhavedone.③Itwas+时间段+before+一般过去时：等了多久就……Itwasminutesbeforethepolicearrived.

④Itwasn'tlongbefore+一般过去时：没等多久就……ItwasnotlongbeforeIrealizedIwaswrong.

before常用句型（必背句型）【比较】Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时：自从……以来到现在已经有多长时间Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.【注意】Itisthreeyearssincehesmoked.他不吸烟已有3年了。Itisthreeyearssincehehassmoked.他吸烟已有3年了。【比较】Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since5）unitl/tilltill和until引导时间状语从句时跟主句里肯定形式表示延续性动作的谓语动词连用表示“到……为止”。Walkuntil/tillyoucometoawhitehouse.Iwill

staywithheruntil/tillhecomesback.5）unitl/tilltill和until引导时间状语从till和until跟主句里否定形式表示非延续性动作的谓语动词连用表示“直到……才(开始)”，这时until和till可用before代替。Not有时被no,nobody,nothing,never,hardly,little等否定词所取代。People

donot

knowthevalueoftheirhealthtill/until/before

theyloseit.Don’tputoffwhatyoucandotodayuntiltomorrow.今日事，今日毕。=Never

putoffwhatyoucandotoday

untiltomorrow.till和until跟主句里否定形式表示非延续性动作的谓语【until常见考点】结构A：Notuntil+时间状语(从句)+主句倒装句Notuntil

shegothomedidsherealizethatshehadlosthernecklace.结构B：

Itis(was)notuntil+时间状语(从句)+that+主句

强调句Itwasnotuntilyesterday

that

Irememberedit.Itwasnotuntil

IsawMargaretnextmorningthat

Ifelthappy.【until常见考点】结构A：Notuntil+时间状语6）sincesince自……以来。主句中通常为延续性动词的现在完成时，since从句中一般用短暂性动词的一般过去时。Where

haveyoubeen

sinceIlastsawyou？Itisthreeyearssincehebegantosmoke.6）sincesince自……以来。主句中通常为延续性动词的since还可以用作副词或介词。Youhavemade

greatachievementsinyourworksincegraduation.=Youhavemade

greatachievementsinyourworksinceyougraduated.since还可以用作副词或介词。7）assoonasassoonas...可译为“一…就…”。Hewillcomeandsee

youassoonas

hegets

home.（主将从现）【注意】一…就…还可以用on/upondoing结构来表示。OnarrivinghomehecalledupLester.=Assoonashearrivedhome,hecalledupLester.7）assoonasassoonas...可译为“【补充】immediately/instantly/directly和themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond这几个名词短语相当于assoonas，直接引导时间状语从句，表示一…就…。Theyphonedherimmediatelytheyreachedhome.Telephonemethemoment(that)

yougettheresults.【补充】8）scarely/hardly…when…

nosooner…than…scarely/hardly…when…；nosooner…than…都表示刚……就……，主句通常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。He

hadnosooner

startedout

than

hefelt

homesick.Hehadhardly

startedhisspeechwhen

someonerose

torefutehispoints.8）scarely/hardly…when…

【注意】当hardly/scarcely,nosooner

位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。Hardlyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorwokeherup.

NosoonerhadIgot

homethanitbegantorain.【注意】9）onceonce作连词时，一旦，但它含有的条件意味更浓。Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.

Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.

9）onceonce作连词时，一旦，但它含有的条件意味更浓10）nexttime,thefirsttime等nexttime,

thefirsttime,thelasttime,

everytime,anytime,eachtime

直接引导时间状语从句。Besuretocallonusnexttimeyoucometotown.IlovedthispicturethefirsttimeIsawit.【区别】I'vebeenhere

forthefirsttime.（副词）10）nexttime,thefirsttime等n11）bythetimebythetime也可以引导时间状语从句，意为到

….时为止，主句一般要用完成时态。Bythetime

hewasfourteen,Einsteinhadlearned

advancedmathematicsallbyhimself.

Iwillhavefinishedmyworkbythetimeyoureturn.11）bythetimebythetime也可以引经典例题1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.IncaseD.theminute答案：D2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since答案：C经典例题1.Iwassofamiliarwith3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While答案：C4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while答案：C5.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.A.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than答案：C3.______thedaywenton,the2.地点状语从句常用连词：where,wherever,everywhere,anywhereWhere

Ilive,thereareplentyoftrees.我住的地方树很多。Everywheretheywent,theywerekindlyreceived.无论他们去哪里，都受到热情的款待。2.地点状语从句常用连词：【注意】在地点状语从句之前，不要使用介词。误：Youshouldputthebookatwhereitwas.正：Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.

误：Weshouldgotowhereweareneededmost.正：Weshouldgowhereweareneededmost.【注意】【注意】区别where引导的定语从句和状语从句。Putthebookwhereitwas.（状语从句）=Putthebookattheplacewhereitwas.（定语从句）【注意】1.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark_______themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich答案：B2.Ifyouaretravelling______thecustomsaretotallydifferentfromyourown,youmayfeelaculturalshock.A.intheplaceB.whichC.inwhichD.where答案：D经典例题1.Whenhereadsabook,hish3.原因状语从句常用连词：as,because,since,now(that),consideringthat,seeingthat,giventhat3.原因状语从句常用连词：1）because①because等词不能与so连用。Becauseitwasraining,Janeworearaincoat.②句型：Thereason(why)…isthat…

其中的that最好不用because代替。“之所以……是因为……”Thereason(why)I’mlateisthatImissedthebus.③because后接陈述句；becauseof后