英语语法之情态动词课件

THEVERB(VI)TheModalVerbSentencecompletionShehasn'tcalledmeback.Theirplanemightbedelayed.Hisjacket'shere,Itmustbeagoodrestaurant;Hisphone'sbeenbusyallnight.Let'sjustgoovertohishouse.Thatcan'treallybeElvis.Thisrestaurantcan'tbesoexpensive.Thatcouldn'tbetherealprice.

Shemustn’thavecheckedhermessages.It'ssnowinglikecrazyinNewYork.sohemustbeheretoo.thelinesarereallylong.Hemustbeon-line.Heshouldbehomebynow.He'sbeendeadforyears.Justlookatthepeoplegoingin.Theymusthavemadeamistake.

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Questions

Inyourcountry,whatmighthappentosomeonewholoseshisjob?Whataresomethingsyoushouldhavedonelastyear,butdidn'tdo?Whatcouldyoudotomakeyourlifemoreexciting?Howwouldyourparentspunishyouwhen/ifyoumisbehavedasachild?WhatmorecouldyoubedoingtopracticeyourEnglish?

现在时形式过去时形式cancouldmaymightwillwouldshallshouldmust---need---dare------oughtto---usedto5英语情态助动词共有13个：情态意义表示法表示“能力”和“可能”表示“许可”和“不许”表示“义务”和“必然”表示“预见”和“推测”表示“意愿”、“意图”和“决心”其他情态意义6A.表示“能力”（ability）,可用can,could,beableto。Can既能表示现在的能力，也能表示将来的能力。B.表示“可能”（possibility）,可用may,might,can,could。may/might表示“可能”，往往可以交替使用，从而比较婉转，既可以表示现在的可能，也可表示将来的可能。7Look！Icandoit!Ican’tdoitnow,butIcandoitlater.Icanclimbthiscliff.Hecandriveacar.I’llbeabletospeakGermaninanothertwomonths.Hewasabletoswimhalfwaybeforehecollapsed.Icouldn’tplaythepianowhenIwasatschool.8A.请求对方许可（permission）可用can,could,may,might。May/might与can/could相比，后者较为婉转，更有礼貌。B.表示不许可用maynot或者cannot10—CanIgooutforamoment?—No,youcan’t.—MayIuseyourcarforafewdays?—No,youmaynot.Hemaynotgo.Hemightnotgo.Hewasnotallowedtogo.Ididn’tpermithimtogo.12Weshouldlearnfromthemodelworkers.Youshould/oughttodrinkless.Youshould/oughttohaveaskedmypermissionfirst.Youmustbebackbyteno’clock.Youdon’tneedtodoitatonce.Youwillwaitoutsidethegate.14Sheshouldbehereinaminute.Thebookshouldappealtoallloversofpoetry.Theseyoungtreesoughttoprovideshadeintenyears.Youcan’thaveanydifficultygettingthetickets.IfFreddidn’tleavehomebeforefivehecan’tbethereyet.15A.表示预见（prediction）,即表示单纯将来，可用will/shall+不定式。出英格兰以外的说英语国家如美国、新西兰、南非的标准英语中，shall已完全为will所取代，这就是说，will可用于一切人称表示将来。B.表示推测（predictability）,除用should,oughtto和must外，还可用will/would.16IwillbeadifferentpersonwhenIliveinEngland.Youwillbehearingfromme.Itwillraintomorrow.I’llbookatableatFrancesco’s.Weshallcatchthecriminalswherevertheyhidethemselves.17Theyshould/oughttobehomebynow.Theywillbehomebynow.Shewillbeallrightnow.Alionwillattackamanonlywhenhungry.He’llstayinthelaboratoryfordaysandnightsuntiltheexperimentisfinished.Pigswilleatanything.18Iwilllendyouthemoneyifyouneedit.Willyousingatthepartytomorrowevening?Willyoupleaseopenthedoorforme?—Wouldyoulendmeyourpenaminute?—Certainly,Iwill.Shallyoutakeaholidaythissummer?20Iwillwritetohertomorrow.Whywillyougothere?Hewouldseeherthenextday,sohedidn’twritetoher.ShallIcarrythesuitcaseforyou?ShouldIturnoffthelight?Whatshouldwedonow?21A.should可在某些语境中表示惋惜、忧虑、欢欣、惊讶等感情色彩。Itisapitythatheshouldleavesosoon.Theywereamazedthatsheshouldhavedonesomuchinsoshortatime.HowshouldIknow?Whyshouldheberesigning?Ishouldsayheisjusttherightmanforthejob.Ishouldthinkyourapproachiscorrect.23B.would可用于委婉的陈述Idon’tthinkhewouldbesocareless.Itwouldbeashametostopourworkhalfway.Wouldyouliketostayhereforthenight?Whatwouldyouadvisemetodo?Wouldn’titbebetterforustostartoffalittleearliertomorrowmorning?24D.usedto(只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。Thereusedtobeanoldtempleatthecornerofthestreet,butitwasdestroyedinthewarandhasneverbeenrebuilt.UsedyoutogotothesameschoolasEdward?DidyouusetogotothesameschoolasEdward?Whenwewerechildrenweusedto/wouldgoskatingeverywinter.26E.May/might可表示让步意义Youmayhavegoodreasons,butthatdoesn’tmakeitlegal.Hemaybeold,buthe’sstillfit.Thatmighthappen,butwe’renotworriedaboutit.Theseexercises,asdifficultastheymayseemtobe,arereallygoodforyou.Comewhatmay,I’llnotgiveup.27能做推测性用法的情态动词情态动词非推测性用法推测性用法can/could表示能力、许可表示可能may/might表示许可表示可能will/would表