2022年英语考试内容整理.6.14

..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版一、单项选择Unit1emulate〔v.效仿、模仿〕=imitate〔v.模仿、仿效〕dedicated〔adj.专注的献身的〕=devoted〔adj.献身的；忠诚的；v.献身于，致力于〕encompass〔vt.包含；包围、环绕；完成〕=include〔vt.包含、包括〕inception〔n.开创、开端〕=beginning〔n.开始；起点；v.开始；创立〕competence〔n.能力、胜任；权限〕=ability〔n.能力、能耐；才能〕compliment〔n.夸奖、称赞；恭维；v.称赞〕=praise〔n.赞扬；称赞；崇拜；vt/vi.赞美〕skyrocket〔v.急升、猛升；激增、激涨〕=risesuddenly〔迅速的增加〕buck【v.〔人坐在马背时，马〕猛烈颠簸；】=resist〔v.抵抗，对抗〕regardlessof〔不管、不顾〕=inspiteof〔不管、不顾〕reachoutto〔递给...；主动联系〕=givehelpto〔给...帮助〕Unit3imminent〔adj.即将来临的；迫近的〕=impending〔adj.即将发生的；迫切的；v.迫近〕dismantle〔v.拆开，拆卸；废除〕=cancel〔v.取消；撤销；废除〕murky〔adj.阴暗的、黑暗的；朦胧的〕=gloomy〔adj.阴暗的、幽暗的；令人沮丧的〕brim〔v.含满；充盈；n.帽檐、帽边〕=fill〔v.充满；装满；挤满；弥漫、普及〕suspicious〔adj.疑心的、猜疑的〕=distrustful〔adj.疑心的；不信任的；可疑的〕vulnerable〔adj.易受伤的；易受攻击的；感情脆弱的〕=weak〔adj.虚弱的；无力的〕flimsy〔adj.脆弱的；易损坏的；不周密的〕=fragile〔adj.脆弱的、易碎的、易损坏的〕veteran〔n.经验丰富的人；老兵；老手〕=experienced〔adj.老练、熟练的；富有经验的〕adversary〔n.对手、敌手〕=opponent〔n.对手、敌手、反对者〕malicious〔adj.恶意的；恶毒的；怀恨的〕=hostile〔adj.敌对、不友善的；怀有敌意的〕Unit5gauge〔v.判定、判断；测量〕=evaluate〔vt.评价；估价；求...的值；vi.评价；估价〕surveillance〔n.监视、监督〕=monitoring〔n.监视；监控；检验、检查；v.监视、监督〕stem〔v.阻止、遏制、封堵；堵住、止住〕=stop〔v.停止〕outmoded〔adj.过时的、废弃的〕=outdated〔adj.过时的；旧时的〕panacea〔n.万全之策、万应灵丹〕=cure-all〔n.万应灵丹、灵丹妙药〕hindrances〔n.障碍；障碍者〕=obstacle〔n.障碍、阻碍、干扰；阻碍物、障碍物〕unscathed〔adj.未受伤的〕=unhurt〔adj.未受伤的〕refersto〔指的是....〕=means〔v.意思是...、表示...什么的意思〕popup〔突然出现〕=appearsuddenly〔突然、迅速出现〕underway〔进行中；在行进；在航行〕=inprogress〔正在进行；在开展中〕Unit7appropriate〔adj.恰当的；适宜的〕=suitable〔adj.适当的；相配的〕mitigate〔v.减轻、缓解、缓和〕=lessen〔v.减轻、减少〕aforementioned〔adj.上述的；前面提及的〕=previous〔adj.以前的；早先的；先前的〕deflect〔v.使转向；转移；干扰〕=redirect〔vt.使改方向；重新寄送；adj.再直接的〕deleterious〔adj.有毒的、有害的〕=harmful〔adj.有害的〕hazardous〔adj.危险的、不平安的〕=dangerous〔adj.危险的、不平安的〕..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版stall〔v.拖延；拖住；延误；熄火；n.货摊、摊位；畜栏、牛棚〕=stop〔v.停止、中止〕conceivably〔adv.令人信服地；可相信地；想象得到地〕=imaginably〔adv.可想象地〕intermsof〔依据，按照；在....方面〕=bywayof〔用....方式，借着〕ultimate〔adj.最终的、最后的〕=final〔adj.最后的、最终的〕完形填空Unit1Starbucksrealizedearlyonthatmotivatedandcommittedhumanresourceswerethekeytothesuccessofaretailbusiness.Thereforethecompanytookgreatcareinselectingtherightkindofpeopleandmadeanefforttoretainthem.Consequently,thecompany'shumanresourcepoliciesreflecteditscommitmenttoitsemployees.Starbucksreliedonitsbaristasandotherfrontlinestafftoagreatextentincreatingthe"StarbucksExperience"whichdifferentiateditfromcompetitors.Thereforethecompanypaidconsiderableattentiontokindofpeopleitrecruited.Starbuck'srecruitmentmottowas"Tohavetherightpeoplehiringtherightpeople".Starbuckshiredpeopleforqualitieslikeadaptability,dependabilityandtheabilitytoworkinateam.Thecompanyoftenstatedthequalitiesthatitlookedforinemployeesupfrontinitsjobpostings.whichallowprospectiveemployeestoself-selectthemselvestoacertainextent.Havingselectedtherightkindofpeople,Starbucksinvestedintrainingthemintheskillstheywouldrequiretoperformtheirjobsefficiently.Starbuckswasoneofthefewretailcompaniestoinvestconsiderablyinemployeetrainingandprovidecomprehensivetrainingtoallclassesofemployees,includingpart-timers.AnalystssaidthatStarbucks'biggestchallengeintheearly2000swouldbetoensurethatthecompany'simageasapositiveemployersurviveditsrapidexpansionprogram,andtofindtherightkindofpeopleintherightnumberstosupporttheseexpansionplans.Consideringtherateatwhichthecompanywasexpanding,analystswonderedwhetherStarbuckswouldbeabletoretainitsspiritevenwhenitdoubledortripleditssize.Bytheearly2000s,thecompanybegantoshowsignsthatitsgenerouspoliciesandhighhumanresourcecostswerereflectingonitsfinancialstrength.Althoughthecompanydidnotrevealtheamountitspentonemployees,itsaidthatitspentmoreonthemthanitdidonadvertising,whichstoodat$68.3millioninfiscal2004.Thatthecompanywasfindingitshumanresourcecostsburdensomewasreflectsinthefactthatiteffectedanincreaseof11centsonitsbeveragepricesinmid-2004.Analystswonderedwhetherthecompany'scostproblemscouldbemetbyapriceincrease,ascustomersalreadypaidapremiumforStarbucksbeverages.Ontheotherband,itwouldnotbeeasyforthecompanytocutdownonbenefits,asitcouldresultmamajormoraleproblemwithinthecompany.Unit3ThepowerfulattackthattargeteddozensofgovernmentandprivatesitesunderscoredhowunevenlypreparedtheU.S.governmentistoblocksuchmultiprongedassaults.WhileTreasuryDepartmentandFederalTradeCommissionWebsiteswereshutdownbythesoftwareattackwhichlastedfordaysovertheholidayweekend,otherssuchasthePentagonandtheWhiteHousewereabletofenditoffwithlittledisruption.TheNorthKorealink,describedbythreeofficials,morefirmlyconnectdetheU.S.attackstoanotherwaveofcyberassaultsthathitgovernmentagenciesTuesdayinSouthKorea.TheofficialssaidthatwhileInternetaddresseshavebeentracedtoNorthKorea,thatdoesnotnecessarilymeantheattackinvolvedthePyongyanggovernment...可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版Theofficialsspokeonconditionofanonymitybecausetheywerenotauthorizedtospeakpubliclyonthemanor.SouthKoreaintelligenceofficialshaveidentifiedNorthKoreaasasuspectinthoseattacksandsaidthatthesophisticateoftheassaultsuggesteditwascarriedoutatahigherlevelthanjustrogueorindividualhackers.U.S.officialswouldnotgothatfaranddeclinedtodiscusspubliclywhomayhave

intrusion

theintrusionorhowitwasdone.InanAssociatedPressinterview,PhilipReitinger,deputyundersecretaryattheHomelandSecurityDepartment,saidthefar-reachingattacksdemonstratetheimportanceofcybersecurityasacriticalnationalsecurityissue.Thefactthataseriesofcomputerswereinvolvedinanattack,Reitingersaid,"doesn'tsayanythingabouttheultimatesourceoftheattack.""WhatitsaysisthatthosecomputerswereasmuchatargetoftheattackastheeventualWebsitesthataretargets,"saidReitinger,whoheadsDHScybersecurityoperations."They'rejustzombiesthatarcbeingusedbysomeunseenthirdpartytolaunchattacksagainstgovernmentandnon-governmentWebsites."TargetsofthemostwidespreadcyberoffensiveofrecentyearsalsoincludedtheNationalSecurityAgency,HomelandSecurityDepartmentandStateDepartment,theNasdaqstockmarketandTheWashingtonPost,accordingtoanearlyanalysisofthesoftwareusedintheattacks.TheAssociatedPressobtainedthetargetlistfromsecurityexpertsanalyzingtheattacks.Theyprovidedthelistonconditionofanonymitybecausetheywerenotauthorizedtodiscusstheinvestigation.OtherexpertsincyberassaultssaidtheincidentshinedaharshlightontheU.S.government'seffortstoprotectallofitsagenciesagainstweb-basedattacks.Unit5Swinefluiskillingyoungpeopleratherthantheveryelderly,andalthoughwinterisjuststarting,moreyoungpeoplehavealreadydiedoffluthannormallydieovertheentirewinter.Nearly5000peopleworldwideareknowntohavediedofswineflusofar.Butonaverage36,000aresaidtodieofflueachwinterintheUSalone.Onthebasisofsuchnumbers,manyhaveconcluded-wrongly-thatswinefluislessdangerousthannormalflu.Thesenumbersshouldnotbecompareddirectly.The36,000figurecomesfromepidemiologicalstudies.Becausethetimingoffluoutbreaksvariesfromyeartoyear,thenormalnumberofdeathsinanymonthcanbecomparedwiththenumberofdeathsinthesamemonthwhentherewasafluoutbreak,saysLoneSimonsenofGeorgeWashingtonUniversityinWashingtonDC.Suchstudiesrevealabulgeindeathsduringandjustafterthefluseasoneveryyear,mainlyamongtheelderly.Manyareclearlyduetofluandotherlunginfectionsthatcanfollowit,butmorethanhalfarenotobviouslyconnected，becausefluoftenkillsinindirectways,bytriggeringheartattacksorstrokes,forinstance.Bycontrast,thedeathsattributedtoswinefluarethosedirectlycausedbyrespiratoryinfectionwiththepandemicvirus.Indirectdeaths-themajorityofthe36,000figureforregularflu-arenotbeingcounted.Thefulldeathtollfor2021H1N1fluwillnotbeknownforawhile,ifever.Perhapstherewillbefewerdeathsthannormalbecauseolderpeople,moreatriskfromsecondaryeventssuchasheartattacks,havesomeimmunitytothevirus.However,thetotalseemslikelytobehighersimplybecausetheviruswillinfectfarmorepeoplethannormal,anditkillsdirectlymoreoften.Theimpactofapandemicisnotsimplyaboutthenumberofdeaths,though.Thispandemic,likepreviousones,iskillingmainlyyoungpeople,nottheveryelderlyasflunormallydoes.ByearlyOctober,76childrenandadolescentsintheUShadalreadydiedofswineflu.Thatismorethantheusualwintertoll.andthewinterhasjustbegun.Thinkofitthisway.2021H1N1fluiseffectivelytwodiseases:ordinaryfluformost,alungdiseasethatcankillquicklyinafew.Mostofthe..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版severecasesareincasesareinbabies,andadultagedbetween20and50.Theimpactofthedeathsofyoungadults,ondependentfamiliesandtheeconomy,willbemuchgreaterthanthatofthedeathsamongtheelderly.Unit7Scientistshaveknownforyearsthatexposuretomicrogravityrapidlyweakensbones,andthenewresearchshowstheeffectscanlastforayearormoreafterastronautsreturntoEarth.Theresultsstresstheneedtofindwaystominimizethedamagedoneduringspaceflight,researcherssaid,becausebonerecoveryonEarthmaytakeawhile.ShreyaseeAmin,anassociateprofessorattheMayoClinicinMinnesota,andhercolleaguesstudied28Americanastronauts-24menand4women.Theirpreflightagesrangedfrom36to53,andtheirmissionsinspacelastedfrom95to215days.Theresearchersmeasuredthespaceflyers'bonemineraldensity一anestimatorofbonestrength一beforelaunch,immediatelyafterlandingandagainatvarioustimesbetweensixand18monthsfollowingtheirreturntoEarth.Foracontrol,thescientiststooksimilarmeasurementsfromasampleof699peoplewhohadneverbeentospace.Bycomparingthetwodatasets,theteamwasabletodeterminewhattheastronauts'bonedensitylikelywouldhavebeen,hadtheyneverflowninspace.Theteamfoundthatsomebonesremainedweakayearaftertheastronautslanded,despiteintensiveexerciseandrehabilitationregimes.Hipbonemineraldensityinparticularsuffered,Aminsaid,whileotherareas,suchasthewrist,recoversfaster.BonesinthehipsandlegsneedtobeburdenonEarth,becausetheylugsomuchweightaroundonadailybasis.Butmicrogravityfreesthemofthisburdenandtheyseemtoweakenasaresult,researcherssaid.Theteamalsofoundthatwomensufferlessbonelossthanmenoverthelongrun.Butsincetherewereonlyfourfemaleastronautsinthesample,theteamisn'tsurewhattomakeofthisintriguingresultyet;they'restilllookingatthedata.汉译英Unit1管理者对员工有所期待很正常，这甚至是不可防止的。研究发现，在组织中我们对其他人的期待与组织的生产力、盈利能力以及员工积极性之间有直接的联系。如果你对员工有高期待，你也就掌握了让他们工作表现更好、提高他们的积极性的强大工具。员工表现与别人对他的期待息息相关。管理者和监督者对员工有所期待，这个期待反过来也会影响到他们与员工之间的相互作用。如果你对员工没什么期待，他们会有所觉察，工作也会表现得很糟糕。为什么呢？因为他们会根据你的期待来决定要表现好还是表现不好。人们很自然想要不负你的期望或者成心辜负你的期望，因此你一定要对他们有高期待，如果他们真的做到了也别吃惊。It’sactuallyprettynatural,andalmostunavoidable,formanagerstoformexpectationsoftheirworkers.Researchhasfoundthatinanorganization,ourexpectationsofotherscanbetieddirectlytoproductivity,profitability,andyes-motivation!Ifyouhavehighexpectationsofyouremployees,youwillpossessapowerfulandeffectivetoolforimprovingperformanceandmotivationwithinyourorganization.Performanceisoftenamatterofexpectations.Managersandsupervisorsformexpectationsofothers,whichtheninfluencehowtheyinteractwiththosepeople.Ifyoudon’texpectmuchfromyouremployees,theywillsensethatandperformpoorly.Why?Becauseyourexpectationsofthemaffecttheirdesiretodowell.Thepointisthatpeoplenaturallytrytoliveuptoourexpectationsofthem,orlivedowntothem,whateverthecasemaybe.Soexpectthebestfromyouremployeesanddon’tbesurprisedifthat’sexactlywhatyouget!..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版Unit3美国一些媒体近来认为，对谷歌和多家美国公司的网络攻击来自中国。中国互联网协会理事长反驳道：这种说法是对中国不负责任的偏见，未经过详细调查，纯属主观武断。随着互联网在全球的迅猛开展，网络跨越国界，而且黑客可以位于其他国家的计算机隐藏身份登陆，由此对第三国的计算机进行攻击。事实上，黑客攻击是包括中国在内世界各国面临的严峻挑战。中国政府历来也非常重视网络平安，公共平安部加强国际合作打击跨国网络犯罪，同时增强与国际刑警组织的合作协商。因此，仅凭计算机IP地址来自中国，就认为是中国人所为，这纯属无稽之谈。Accordingtosomemediareportsrecently,thecyberattackstoGoogleandmanyAmericancompaniesseemedtohaveoriginatedinChina.TheChairmanofChineseInternetAssociationrefutesthatitwasanirresponsibleprejudicetoallegeonthatcyberattacksoriginatedinChinawithoutthoroughinvestigation,andwasthereforeabsolutelyarbitrary.Withtherapiddevelopmentoninternetintheglobe,itwasdifficulttodeterminetheoriginbecauseoftheeaseofhidingidentitiesonline.Thehackermayhideidentities,logonthecomputerofaforeigncountryandcommitcyberattackstothecomputersinthethirdone.However,China’sinformationnetwork,aswellasmanyothercountries,alsofacesseverethreatofcyberattacks.Chinesegovernmenthasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetothesecurityofthecomputernetworkandstrengthenedinternationalcooperationtocrackdownoncrossbordercybercrimes,aswellasenhanceditscrackdownthroughconsultationandcollaborationwiththeInternationalCriminalPoliceOrganization.Therefore,itiswhollynonsensetoallegeonthatcyberattacksoriginatedinChinajudgingmerelyfromcomputerIPaddressofChina.Unit5即使是在兴旺国家，要让所有需要的人都得到疫苗也需要几个月的时间，而在欠兴旺国家，疫苗就更少了，有些国家干脆就没有。如果能接种疫苗，它可以让你和你的家人不被甲型H1N1流感病毒感染，但你可能要等上几个月。包括美、英在内的一些国家已经预订了足够全体国民接种的疫苗，并从本月开始注射.很多贫穷国家很可能只能得到一些疫苗。即使是在富国也会有一些人在轮到注射前就染病，并有可能死亡.尽管如此，却仍有人犹犹豫豫。据调查，有一半的美国家长表示，尽管儿童是疫苗注射的优先群体，但他们不会给孩子注射甲流疫苗，因为有传言说注射流感疫苗具有潜在风险。Eveninrichcountries,itwillbemonthsbeforeeveryonewhowantsthevaccinecangetit.Poorcountrieswillgetlittleifanyvaccine.Thepandemicvaccineshouldmakeyouandyourfamilysafefromthisvirus,butyoumaynotgetitformonths,ifyoucangetitatall.Somecountries,includingtheUSandtheUK,haveorderedenoughtovaccinateeveryoneandimmunizationbeganthismonth.Mostpoorcountrieswillgetonlyalittle,ornone.Inrichcountriesmanywillstillgetsick,andsomewilldie,beforetheycanbevaccinated.Andyetevenpeoplewhocangetitarehesitating.NearlyhalftheparentsintheUSsaytheywillrefusetovaccinatetheirkids,eventhoughchildrenareaprioritygroupforvaccination,duetounfoundedrumorsabouttherisksofthevariousswinefluvaccines.Unit7在失重的状态下，人体内的力量会发生急剧的变化.由于人的脊柱不再呈挤压状态，因此人们比通常要高一些(两英寸左右)。胸腔中的肺脏、心脏和其他器官都没有了重量，结果.胸腔和两肋处于放松和膨胀状态.同样.肝脏、牌脏、胃及肠的重量也消失了.同时.肌肉、骨骼开始以不同的方式发挥作用.我们的肌肉是用于在站立、坐下或活动身体某个部位时支撑身体的.但是太空中，在地面上用于支撑身体的肌肉不再需要起这种作用了，而且人们在太空舱里活动所动用的肌肉与在地面上走动所动用的肌肉完全不同，因此局部肌肉会迅速萎缩。..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版Duringweightlessness,theforceswithinthebodyundergodramaticchange.Becausethespineisnolongercompressed,peoplegrowtaller(twoinchesorso).Thelungs,heart,andotherorganswithinthechesthavenoweight,andasaresult,theribcageandchestrelaxandexpand.Similarly,theweightoftheliver,kidneys,stomach,andbowelsdisappears.meanwhilemusclesandbonescometobeusedindifferentways.Ourmusclesaredesignedtosupportuswhenstandingorsittinguprightandtomovebodyparts.Butinspace,musclesusedforsupportonthegroundarenolongerneededforthatpurpose;moreover,themusclesusedformovementaroundacapsuledifferfromthoseusedforwalkingontheearth.Consequently,somemusclesrapidlyweaken.四、英译汉Unit1Whatkindofpracticesdifferentiatepeople-firstorganizations?Wecanlistatleastfour:(1)Theyvalueculturaldiversity.Theyactivelyseekadiverseworkforcebasedonage,gender,andrace.(2)Theyarefamilyfriendly.Theyhelpemployeesbalanceworkandpersonalresponsibilitiesthroughprogramssuchasflexibleworkschedulesandon-sitechildcarefacilities.(3)Theyinvestinemployeetraining.Theseorganizationsspendheavilytomakesureemployeeskilllevelsarekeptcurrent.Thisnotonlyensuresthatemployeescanhandlethelatesttechnologiesandprocessesfortheorganizationbutthatemployeeswillbemarketabletootheremployers.(4)People-firstorganizationsempowertheiremployees.Theypushauthorityandresponsibilitydowntothelowestlevels.哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？我们至少可以列出四条：第一，它们重视文化的多样性。他们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。第二，它们具有家庭气氛。公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿效劳设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。Unit3Whyhavesuchtactics-knowninmilitaryparlanceas"computernetworkattacks'，一notbeenusedmorewidely?Asrevolutionaryasitis,theinternetdoesnotmakecenturies-oldlawsofwarobsoleteorirrelevant.Militaryconventions,forexample,requirethatattacksdistinguishbetweencivilianandmilitarytargets.Indecentralizedandinterconnectedcyberspace,thisrequirementisnotsoeasytosatisfy:^cyberattackonacellphonetowerusedbytheadversarymayaffectciviliantargetsalongwithmilitaryones.Whenin2021theU.S.militarydecidedtodismantleaSaudiInternetforum-initiallysetupbytheCIAtogleanintelligencebutincreasinglyusedbythejihadiststoplanonattacksinIraq-itinadvertentlycauseddisruptiontomorethan300serversinSaudiArabia,GermanyandTexas.AweaponofsurgicalprecisiontheInternetcertainlyisn't,anddamagetociviliansishardtoavoid.Militarycommandersdonotwanttobetriedforwarcrimes,evenifthosecrimesarecommittedonline.为什么这些在军事领域里被认为是“计算机网络攻击〞的策略没有被更广泛地运用？尽管互联网带来了巨大的变化,但它并没有使悠久的战争规律变得过时或毫不相关。比方,按照军事惯例要求在攻击时区分平民和军事目标。在既相互别离又相互连接的网络空间里,这个要求并不容易满足:在网络攻击敌人的塔时,也会影响到平民目标。在2021年美军决定解散一个沙特阿拉伯的网络论坛。这个由CIA创立的论坛本来是用来收集情报的,但是却越来越被圣战分子用来方案对伊拉克的攻击。这次解散不经意间造成了在沙特阿拉伯、德国、德克萨斯州的300多台效劳器的中断。网络攻击当然不具备外科手术的精确性,且对平民的伤害很难防止。军事指挥官们不想因战争罪受到审判，即使这些犯罪是通过网络进行的。..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版Unit5AtthestartoftheH1N1pandemic,officialscouldalreadyseetheviruswaseasilytransmissible-caseswereaccumulatingfast,andittookonlyafewweeksforthevirustoreachnearlyeverycorneroftheworld.ButwhileresearchersknewfrompastpandemicsthatanewfluviruslikeH1Nl，againstwhichhumanshavenoimmunity,couldspreadquickly,whattheycouldnotimmediatelygaugewaswhetheritcouldalsobedeadly.Somepastpandemicshadbeenrelativelymild,whileothers,suchasthe1918flu,whichkilledasmanyas100millionpeopleworldwide,hadnot.Attheoutset,therewasnowaytoknowwhichkindofvirusH1N1wouldturnouttobe.在甲流疫情刚开始的时候,卫生官员们就已经发现该病毒很容易传染。感染甲流的病例不断地增加,仅仅几个星期,甲流病毒就已经遍布世界的各个角落。但是当研究员们了解甲流是一种新型流感病毒时,当他们得知人类对其还没有免疫力时,当他们发现其传染速度很快时,他们并不能马上估量其是否具有致命性。过去的有些流行病是比较温和的,然而像导致全世界1亿人丧生的1918年流感之类的流感却是例外。毕竟在刚开始,没有任何方法可以去证明甲流病毒会是怎样的一种病毒。Unit7Explorationisanimportantsurvivalstrategyinevolution.Themigrationofexpansivespeciesdependsonexploringtheirimmediateordistantsurroundingsfornewfoodsourcesorsafehabitats;itcanalsocomeasaresultofpopulationpressuresorenvironmentalchanges.Thehumanspecieshasaddedanotherreasonforexploration,namelycuriosity.ThisintellectualurgetoexploretheunknownledthegreatEuropeanexplorerstotheAmericas,AustraliaandAntarcticabetweenthefifteenthandseventeenthcenturies.Inquisitivenessaboutnatureisalsothedrivingforcebehindhumansexploringthepolarcaps,climbingmountainpeaksanddivingintotheabyssesoftheoceans.Now,theultimatefrontiertoexploreinthetwenty-firstcenturyisspace.探索是进化中的一个重要生存战略。不断扩张的物种的迁徙依赖于对它们近处或远处环境的探索来寻求新的食物来源或平安的居住地。探索也可能由种群数量的压力或环境的改变造成。人类给探索还添加了另外一个理由,即好奇心。这种对未知事物探索的精神需求带着着伟大的欧洲探险者们在十五到十七世纪登上了美洲、澳大利亚和南极。对自然的好奇心同样也是人类探索极地冰冠、攀越险峰和潜入海底深处的驱动力。现在,二十一世纪的最终探索前沿就是太空。Unit1星巴克早期意识到这一积极性和忠诚的人力资源是零售业务成功的关键。因此，公司非常谨慎选择适宜的人才，努力保存他们。因此，公司的人力资源政策反映了其对员工的承诺。星巴克依靠其咖啡师和其他一线员工在很大程度上创造了与竞争对手不同的“星巴克体验〞。因此，该公司相当重视其招聘的人。星巴克的招聘座右铭是“有适宜的人招聘适宜的人〞。..可编辑版可编辑版.可编辑版

星巴克雇佣了人们的适应能力，可靠性和在团队中工作的能力。该公司经常在职位上表示员工期望的素质。允许潜在员工在一定程度上自我选择自己。星巴克选择了正确的人才后，投入了大量培训，以便他们有效地开展工作所需的技能。星巴克是少数零售公司之一，大量投资于员工培训，并为所有类别的员工提供全面的培训，包括兼职人员。

分析师表示，星巴克在二十世纪初期面临的最大挑战将是确保公司作为积极雇主的形象在