混凝土表面处理及涂装工艺

-.z.1.0 Purpose目的ThisprocedurecoverstheapplicationofallconcretecoatingsystemsappliedbyCELEB.本施工工艺规程标准所有九州华清防腐混凝土涂装系统的施工。2.0 Scope范围Thisprocedurewillbefollowedinallapplications.本规程应贯彻于所有施工过程中。3.0 Responsibilities责任3.1 TheProjectManager工程经理-Operationandmanagementofgrindingandpaintingworks.Planworkschedules.Maintainedstrictconformancetoclientsrequiredspecifications.负责研磨和涂装作业的管理及运作工作。准备工作进度表。严格遵照客户要求的涂装系统及标准施工。- LiaisewithEngineers,Production,Q.C.Personnelandothercontractorsonworkschedules,jobperformanceandimplementationonqualitycontrolrequirements.E*ercisedqualitycontrolsurveillanceonconformancetorequiredspecifications.协调施工各方，确保按质量按进度施工作业，控制质量以符合业主的涂装系统标准。3.2TheSupervisor监理- Toensurethatalltestsareundertakenand,inthecaseofwitnessteststhe clientrepresentativeispresent.保证执行各项检测工作，检测时应有客户代表在场。3.3 TheForman-领班- Toensurethatallworkconformstospecificationsandisdoneinaworkmanlikemanner.保证按标准施工，施工人员工作态度端正。4.0 References标准Wherereferredtointhisspecification,thelatesteditionofthefollowingspecifications,standardsandotherdocumentsapply.本规程参照以下标准及标准制定：ASTMD4227-99"StandardPracticefortheQualificationofCoatingApplicatorsforApplicationofCoatingstoConcreteSurfaces〞ASTMD4258-83"StandardPracticeforSurfaceCleaningConcreteforCoating〞ASTMD4259-88"StandardPracticeforAbradingConcrete〞ASTMD4261 "StandardPracticeforSurfaceCleaningConcreteUnitMasonryforCoating〞5.0 Documentation文件DailyWorkReport/每日工作报告DailyQ.CReport/质量日报表6.0 Procedure 规程 InspectionoftheConcreteSubstrate混凝土基层检测Itistodeterminetheconcrete’sgeneralcondition,soundness,presenceofcontaminants,presenceofmoisturevaporemissionsandthebestmethodstouseinpreparationofthesurfacetomeettherequirementsoftheclientorthemanufacturer’sremendation.对混凝土通过现场堪察及基层检测，掌握混凝土的总体情况、外表坚实度、污染情况及潮气含量，从而决定外表处理最正确方式，以到达客户和材料生产商的要求。6.2 Pre-cleanallsurfacesbybroomingandifnecessaryacplishedbyscrubbingwithheavydutycleaner/degreaserorlowpressurewatercleaning(lessthan5,000psi)orchemicalwashingtoremoveoils,grease,wa*,fattyacidsandothercontaminations.先用扫帚清洁地表，必要时使用深度清洁剂去除地表污渍，或用低压水冲洗〔不超过5,000psi〕，也可以使用化学溶液去除油污，油脂，表腊，脂肪酸或其它污染。RemovalofSurfaceLaitanceandCreationofSurfaceProfile去除水泥翻沫，提供粗糙度Removalofsurfacelaitanceand/orcuringpoundandcreationofsurfaceprofilecanbeacplishedbyanumberofmethodseachutilizingaselectionoftools,equipmentandmaterialstoacplishtheintendedpurpose,(Seetablebelow).Selectionisdependentuponthetypeofsurfacetobepreparedandthetypeofsystemtobeinstalled.Inaddition,floors,walls,ceilings,trenches,tanksandsumpseachhavetheirownparticularrequirements.Thetypeandthicknessoftheselectedcoatingsystemalsoplaysanimportantroleintheselectionprocess.Regardlessofthemethodselectedortoolsemployed,wemustprovideasurfacethatwillaccepttheapplicationofpolymer-basedproductsandallowthemechanicalbondofthepolymersecurelytotheconcrete.去除水泥翻沫及养护剂、脱模剂需使用手开工具或设备来完成。根据待涂装地坪的外表以及不同的涂装系统，选择不同的作业工具和作业方法(见下表)。此外，地坪、墙壁、天花板、地沟、水槽和水罐对工具使用会有不同的要求。而且工具选择与所选用的涂装厚度和类型也有关系。无论选择哪种类型的工具，我们必需提供一个适合聚合树脂材料涂装的外表，且保证涂装材料与地坪有良好的机械附着力。Thefollowingtableprovidesaguideforthedegreeofsurfaceprofilerequiredforthecoatingoroverlaytobeappliedandthepreparationmethodsusedtogenerateeachprofiletothespecifiedstandard.以下表格为各类涂装系统所需到达的粗糙度进展分类并对相应的外表处理方法提供了指南。ClassificationofCoatingSystem涂装系统的分类DFT厚度(micron)MethodsofSurfacePreparation地坪外表处理方法Sealers封闭剂0-100DetergentScrub/清洁剂清洗LowPressureWaterCleaning低压水洗Grinding/研磨ThinFilm封闭薄涂100-400Grinding/研磨AbrasiveBlasting/喷砂SteelShotBlasting/钢丸喷砂High-Build厚涂400-1000AbrasiveBlasting/研磨SteelShotBlasting/钢丸喷砂自流平Self-Levelling1,000-3,000AbrasiveBlasting/研磨SteelShotBlasting/钢丸喷砂Scarifying/Milling/铣刨NeedleScaling/针枪HighPressureWaterJetting高压水洗聚合砂浆PolymerOverlay3,000-6,000AbrasiveBlasting/研磨SteelShotBlasting/钢丸喷砂Scarifying/Milling/铣刨NeedleScaling/针枪HighPressureWaterJetting高压水洗Scabbling/粗琢Surfacestoreceivethebondedcoatingsystemmustbeinspectedafterthesurfaceispreparedtoinsurethatthesubstrateissound,clean,te*turedandstructurallydurable.Areasfoundtobeunsoundornon-durablemustberemovedandreplacedasstatedinsection7.5.Dustorotherdeleterioussubstancesnotremovedaftertheinitialsurfacepreparationmustbevacuumed,leavingthesurfacedustfreeandclean.外表处理完成后，检查地坪以保证地坪外表良好、清洁、有适宜的纹理且表层构造结实。如发现有不良不坚实外表，应立即进展处理，具体见第7.5章。经初次外表处理未能移去的灰尘或外表碎屑，应真空吸尘，使地表干净无尘。6.4 RemovalandReplacementofNon-durableConcrete修复混凝土缺陷LocalizedweakordeterioratedconcretemustberemovedtosoundconcreteandreplacedwithPCcementitiousorpolymerconcreterepairmortars,oranengineeredconcretemi*designutilizingpolyacrylatepolymeradditive.Forapplicationofthesesystemsandpatibilitywiththeselectedpolymersealer,coating,liningortoppingrefertotheTechnicalDataSheets.Occasionally,plainfreshconcreteisrequiredandmustbebondedtoe*istingconcrete.Whenbondingfreshconcretetoe*isting,preparethee*istingconcretesurfacebyscabbling,scarifying,abrasive(sand)blasting,needlescaling,highpressurewaterjetting(5,000to45,000psi),orsteelshotblasting.除去薄弱或损坏的混凝土表层，然后使用聚合混凝土或聚合砂浆进展修补。也可使用聚合改进混凝土进展修补。关于选择和施工兼容的密封剂、地坪涂装材料、贴面材料及聚合面层材料，参照技术说明书。有时，需要在已有混凝土层上浇筑混凝土，应该对原有混凝土层外表进展外表处理。使用粗琢、铣刨、喷砂、针枪、高压水泵(5,000psi至45,000psi)或钢丸喷砂来确保新旧混凝土层之间的附着力。Standard/标准: ACI503.4-92"StandardSpecificationforRepairingConcretewithEpo*yMortar〞6.5 RepairofSurfaceIrregularities修补砼外表不平整处Allsurfaceirregularitiesincludingbugholes,spalls,cracks,deterioratedjoints,slopes,areasneartransitionzones,suchasarounddrainsanddoorways,etc.mustbefilledandresurfacedwithaspecifiedquick-settingcementitiousgroutorsolvent-freeepo*ymortar,inaccordancewiththemanufacturersremendations,priortocoating.对于砼外表不平整，包括蜂窝、散裂、裂缝、伸缩缝损坏、倾斜、过渡区域如地沟或门廊周围等，用专用快干水泥砂浆或无溶剂的环氧砂浆填充。填充作业根据材料供给商的建议在涂装以前完成。 Isolation/BridgingofCracksorJoints分隔/跨接裂缝或伸缩缝Foradditionalcrackbridgingcapabilitiesaproperisolation/bridgingsystemwithfiberglassscrimclothand/orelasticsealantshallbeappliedbeforecoatingoftheentiresurfaces.必要时，在对整个外表进展涂装前，使用纤维布或弹性密封胶来组成一个裂缝跨接系统。Painting/Coating涂装General/概述Allsurfacestobecoatedshallbeclean,soundanddrybeforeapplicationofthefirstcoat.涂装前，砼外表应清洁、枯燥、坚实。Thewater/vaporcontentoftheconcretesubstrateshallnote*ceed4%orspecified inthemanufacturer’sremendation.根据材料供给商的建议，混凝土基层水份含量不应该超过4%。Nocoatingshallbeappliedwhensubstratetemperatureislessthan3Cabovedewpoint,ortherelativehumidityishigherthan85%,soastoavoidtheriskofcondensationduringpainting.基层温度不高于露点温度3C以上或相对湿度高于85%时，不得进展涂装施工，以防涂装过中有水汽凝结在基层外表。Nocoatingshallbeappliedwhentheatmosphereandsubstratetemperaturee*ceedthelimitationspecifiedbythepaintmanufacturers.当空气温度或基层外表温度超过材料生产商规定的界限时，不得进展涂装施工。Nocoatingshallbeappliedtosealtheconstructionorworkingjoints,oronthetopofjointsealant.不得在构造缝、工作缝以及伸缩缝胶的外表上涂装。Aminimumcovingisnecessary,ifcoatinghastobeappliedatthecorners,soastoavoidtheriskofcrackingbystress.对棱角部位需实施拱圆或凹圆线，防止由压力造成的裂缝。Storage,mi*ingtoanevenconsistency,thinningandapplicationofpaintsandcoatingmaterialsandthetypeofapplicationequipmentshallmeettheinstructionsandremendationsofthepaintsupplier.Mi*ing,byhighspeedshakersorrotarymi*erswithflatbladeandspeedcontrol,shallbedoneinawellventilatedanddustfreearea.涂装材料的存放、搅拌、稀释和施工等所使用的工具应按照材料供给商的建议。在使用手动搅拌器，高速搅拌设备或可控速螺旋桨搅拌器进展搅拌时，应该在通风无尘的区域进展。Paintsupplierinstructionsandremendationsregardinginductionperiod,potlife,drying/curingintervalsbetweensuccessivecoatsandfinalcuringperiodsbeforebeingputintoservice,shallbefollowed.Successivecoatsshallbeofadifferentshadetoensurefullcover.所有材料供给商有关材料熟化时间，施工寿命，重涂时间，完全固化时间的说明都应严格遵守。后续涂层应当采用不同的颜色，以确保完全履盖。Suchinstructionsandremendationsshallbementionedonpaintsuppliersdatasheetsandbeappropriateforprevailingenvironmentalconditions.在材料供给商的材料说明书中，以上指导和推荐时间应该都有提到，且应用于通常所讲的环境条件下。Paintsshallnotbeusedbeyondthedateofe*piry,asindicatedonthecontainer,oralternativelyasstatedbythesupplierforgivenbatches.Allpaintshallbeusedinordertoitssuccessivemanufactureand/ordelivery.过期材料不再使用，材料的使用期限可以从包装上或批号合格证上得到。同类材料使用先后顺序应根据生产或到货的先后顺序进展。Precautionsshallbetakentopreventthecoatingfrombeingappliedtoequipmentorareatobeprotected.MaskingTape,plasticfilmorsomeothersuitablyimperviousmaterialshallbeused,andallmaterialsshallberemovedafterpaintinghasbeenpletedandaccepted.涂装过程中要防止材料污染设备或错涂到需要保护的非施工区域。使用保护胶带，塑料薄膜或其它可以用作保护措施的材料。施工完成后，应移去这些保护材料。SprayApplication喷涂施工Applicationbysprayingisinspecialcasessuitableforpatiblecoatingsystemonnewconstructionandformaintenancepaintingoflargeareas.在一些特定情况下，使用相匹配的材料对新的构造进展大面积作业。另外，它还适合使用于大面积修补施工。Sprayingequipment,guns,nozzlesizesandpressurerangesshallmeetthepaintsuppliersremendations.喷涂设备，喷漆枪，喷嘴尺寸和喷涂压力应与材料供给商的推荐相一致。Eachcoatshallbeapplieduniformlyandpletelyovertheentiresurfacefreefromrunsandsags.每道涂装应连贯作业完成，做到涂层均匀无流挂。Beforesprayingeachcoat,allawkwardareassuchasfoundations,edges,corners,shallbeappliedwithstripecoatsbybrushorrollertoensurethattheseareasreceiveminimumspecifiedfilmthickness.每层涂装前，所有难以施工到的部位如底座、边缘、角落，应使用刷子或滚筒预涂，以保证这些部位的涂层厚度到达规定的最小值。BrushApplication刷涂Brushapplicationshallbedoneonareas,whichcannotbeproperlysprayedorrollerappliedandforstripecoats.Itisalsoasufficientmethodtoworkthepaintintothesurfacewherethereisdifficultytoachievesufficientadhesionbynormalpenetrationofthepaintitself.Infact,brushapplicationshallbethepreferredprocessforprimer.刷涂适合使用于预涂和无法进展喷涂或滚涂的区域。另外，在无法利用涂料自身渗透性而到达良好附着力的时候，刷涂可以将涂料挤放待施工外表，是一种有效的施工方法。事实上，许多底涂都适合采用刷涂。Brushesshallbeofatypeandsizewhichpermitsproperapplicationofpaint.Roundorovalbrushesaremostsuitableforirregularsurfaces.Wideflatbrushesshallbeusedforlargeflatareas.Thebrushingshallbedonesuchthatauniformcoat,withnodeepordetrimentalbrushmarks,isobtained.Paintshallbeworkedintoallcornersandcrevices.Runsandsagsshallbeavoided.油漆刷型号和尺寸大小应该保证施工正常进展。圆形或椭圆的刷子最适合使用于不规则施工外表。宽的扁刷子适合使用于面积较大的平面区域施工。刷涂效果应连贯一致，涂装外表不应留下明显的刷痕，无流挂。RollerApplication滚涂Asaconventionalcoatingmethodrollerapplicationshallbeadoptedforfreeflowingmaterialswithlittleornofillers.Specialrollersshallbeusedforcertainte*tureeffects.作为一种传统的涂装方式，滚涂适合用于不加或参加少量骨料的流淌性涂装材料的施工。如果要产生纹理状外表效果，则需使用特殊的压花滚筒。Properoverlappingandcrosswiseapplicationwillminimizetherollermarksandun-uniformdistributionofthepaint.让局部涂层适当的重叠并以穿插方式实施滚涂，将会使滚筒印痕最小化并使涂装外表更均匀连贯。Theform,sizeandmaterialoftherollertobeusedshallbepatiblewiththecoatingmaterials.滚筒型号，大小，质地应与涂装材料性能相适合。TrowelApplication镘涂Trowelapplicationshallbethepreferredprocessforcoatingsystemwithcementitiousandthi*otropicmaterialsandresincoatingwithfillercontent(typicallyself-levelingcoating)onhorizontalandverticalsurfaces.Itcanachievethebestpossibleadhesionattheinterfacebetweenthecoatingsandtheunderlyingconcrete.Thisiswhatguaranteesthelifeandsuccessofacoatingsystem.镘涂适用于水平或竖直面上水泥性或触变性材料，以及搭了骨料的树脂材料的施工，尤其是自流平材料。它能最大限度地确保涂层间以及涂层与砼基面之间的附着力，从而保证涂装系统的使用寿命，以及涂装更好的施工。Regardlessofwhichkindofcoatingsystemtobeinstalled,thetrowelapplicationshallensureanevendistributionofthecoatingmaterialsandaconsistentoverallfinish.无论采取何种涂装系统，镘涂都要求做到涂装材料分布均匀，涂层外表平整连贯。Theform,sizeandmaterialofthetroweltobeusedshallbepatiblewiththecoatingmaterials.镘刀的形状，大小及材质应根据涂装材料性能来选择。 Crack/JointSealing裂缝或伸缩缝打胶Control/e*pansionjoints,constructionjoints,andmovingcracksshouldbesealedwiththeselectedsystemfle*iblesealant.控制缝/伸缩缝，构造缝和活动裂缝应采用匹配的弹性胶进展密封。Isolationand/ore*pansionjointsshouldbedetailedinaccordancewiththeplansandspecificationsofanarchitecturalorengineeringdesignprofessionalforthetypeofstructurebeingconsidered.分隔缝或伸缩缝设计应由建筑或工程设计方面专业人员根据其构造类型进展规划。Trafficjoints,orjointsbetweenconcretesubstrateandothersubstratesshallbeappliedwithpatibleprimerforsealanttoensuresufficientadhesion.承受交通负载的伸缩缝或混凝土基层与其它材质基层之间的连接缝，应使用相匹配的底涂，以确**封胶的附着力。 RepairofDefects修补Coatingsystems,whetherappliedtonewconstructionortoe*istinginstallations,arelikelytorequirerepairandmaintenanceinareasofdamage,delineation-bonding,insufficientfilmthicknessandotherdefects.任何涂装系统，无论是在新构造上的涂装还是在原有涂层上的重涂，都常常需要针对涂层受损、剥落、厚度不达标以及其它问题进展修补或养护。Thetypeofcoatingmaterialsusedforrepairandmaintenanceshallbeidenticalto,orinanycasepatiblewiththeoriginalmaterials.任何情况下，修补用的涂装材料应与原涂层材料相匹配。Thebestpossiblesurfacepreparationtechnique(s)shallbeselectedforrepairandmaintenance,dependingonthesizeofareastobecoated,thetypeofrepaircoatingmaterialstobeusedandtherestrictions/safetyaspectsinvolved.最正确的外表处理方法应当根据待修补区域的大小、修补材料的性能以及现场的平安规章来选择。Thefollowingorderofpreferenceshallbeadopted:可按以下顺序来筛选： Steelshotblastorwetblastcleaningtoremovee*istingcoatings Grindingonthee*istingcoatingstoachieveadhesionkeyHighpressurewaterjetcleaningorvacuumcleaning Sandpapering(onlyine*ceptionalcasesandonlyforminorrepairwork).钢丸喷砂或湿喷砂，去除旧涂装对现有涂层进展打磨，以确保良好的附着力高压水清洗或真空吸尘砂纸打磨(适用于特殊情况或小面积修补)Surfacepreparationofdefectiveordamagedareasshallbee*tendedoverthesurroundingsoundcoatingforaminimumof25mmonallsides,andtheedgesshallbetapered.缺陷或受损部位的外表处理，应扩大并超出周边涂层各边缘至少25mm，边界应当有良好的楔形过渡。Surfacestobecoatedwhichbeecontaminatedwithoil,grease,salts,etc.shallbecleanedwithsolventsorwithdetergent/freshsolutions,followedbyarinsewithcleanfreshwater.如果待涂装地外表受油污，油脂，盐份等污染，应用溶济或洗涤剂进展清洗，最后再以清水冲洗干净。Repaircoatingsshallbeappliedsuchthatthefinalcoatoverlapsthesurroundingsoundcoatingforaminimum25mmonallsides.Forcolorcodingand/orcosmeticreasonsitmaybenecessarytoe*tendthetopcoatoveralargersurroundingarea.涂装修补区域及其周围25mm左右，面涂应与其周边区域衔接良好。出于颜色或美观考虑，可将面涂扩大至一个相对较大的范围。Testing/Inspection测试/检验7.1 pressiveStrengthTest抗压强度pressivestrengthtestshallbeconductedatleast28daysafterconcretepored.抗压强应测试应在混凝土浇筑至少28天以后进展UsingtheReboundTestHammerorequivalentinstrument使用回弹测试仪或类似设备7.1.3 Beforeanysyntheticcoatingisapplied,thepressivestrengthofthe concretesubstrateshallbeatleast25N/mm2.工业地坪涂装要求混凝土基层的抗压强度值至少应到达25N/mm27.2 SurfaceTensileStrengthTest外表抗拉强度7.2.1 Surfacetensilestrengthtestshallbeconductedatleast28daysafterconcretepored.外表抗拉强度测试应在混凝土浇筑至少28天以后进展7.2.2 UsingthePull-OffTesterorequivalentinstrument使用拉力测试仪器或类似设备Beforeanysyntheticcoatingisapplied,thetensilestrengthoftheconcretesubstrateshallbeatleast1.5N/mm2.工业地坪涂装要求混凝土外表抗拉强度值至少到达1.5N/mm27.3 DewTest露点7.3.1 Dewtestsshallbeconductedevery4hours(moreoftenifrequired). 露点测试每4小时进展一次(需要时可增加测试次数)7.3.2 TheresultsofeachtestarerecordedintheSiteLog.将测试结果记录在工地日志中Thesitelogshallrecordthefollowing:工地日志记录如下信息:Time/测试时间DryBulbTemp/干球温度WetBulbTemp/湿球温度RelativeHumidity/相对湿度DewPoint/露点温度SubstrateTemperature/基层温度7.3.3 Beforeanysyntheticcoatingisapplied,thesubstratetemperatureshallbeatleast3oCabovedewpoint.在材料混合好准备施工前，施工地面温度至少高于露点温度3oC以上7.4 W.F.T.Test 湿膜厚度Applythecoatingmaterialtosurfaceandtestwiththegageimmediately.涂装材料涂布好后，立即使用湿膜卡进展测试Thegageshallbeappliedonanareathatallowsbothendtabstobeincontactwithsubstrate.将湿膜卡放置于两端都可以接触地面的地方Setonetabfirmlyonthesubstrateandlowerthegageuntiltheothertabrestsfirmlyonthesubstrateatthesametime.将湿膜卡一端紧靠地表，直到另一端也同样严密接触地表。Removethegagefromthefilmande*aminethetabs.Thefilmthicknessisdeterminedasbeingbetweentheclearanceoftheshortestwettedandtheclearanceofthene*tshortertabnotwettedbythefilm.拔出湿膜卡检查两端读数。膜厚将界于最短一格被浸湿的与其相邻未浸湿的齿上的所标读数之间。Cleanthegageimmediatelyafterreadingbywipingitonasolventdampenedclothsothatsubsequentreadingsarenotaffected.Donotcleanwithametalscraper.读数后，立即拿浸有溶剂的湿布抹净湿膜卡,以防影响下次继续使用。不可以用金属工具刮除湿膜仪上残留材料。Repeattheprocedureforatleastthreelocationsorasmanytimesastoobtainagoodestimateofthefilmthickness.为得出正确的湿膜厚度，至少在三处以上不同地点重复以上测试7.5 AdhesionTest附着力测试Clean,degreaseandroughenthesurfacetobetested清洁待测试涂层外表并略做打磨7.5.2 StickdownDollywithregulararaldite.用环氧树脂粘合剂将拉快粘上。7.5.3 Leaveforcuring.待粘合剂干固。7.5.4 CutaroundDollytoisolatecoatingunderneath.使用工具将拉快下的涂层与周边切割别离。Applypulloffforce.用测试仪对拉块均匀地施工拉力直到断裂。7.5.6Check检查 atwhatP.S.I.failureoccurredwhetherfailurewasadhesiveorcohesive拉力读数是粘合剂别离还是漆膜别离8.0 检测仪器8.1 pressiveStrengthTest(Section7.1)抗压测试(7.1章)8.2 SurfaceTensileStrengthTest(Section7.2)地表抗拉测试(7.2章)Pull-OffTester/拉力测试仪CoringBorer/空心钻8.3 DewTest(Section7.3)露点测试(7.3章)Psychrometer/干湿计Concretetemperaturegauge/混凝土温度测试仪8.4 WFTTest(Section7.4) 湿膜厚度测试(7.4章)Wetfilmthicknessgages/湿膜卡8.5 AdhesionTest(Section7.5)附着力测试(7.5章)Adhesiontesterorsharpknifeandadhesivetapemin25mmwide.抗拉测试仪或美工刀和粘胶带，宽度最小25mm9.0TechnicalRestrictions技术要点9.1 Itisgenerallyacceptedthatconcreteshouldbeallowedtocureaminimumof28daysbeforeanysurfacepreparationiscarriedouttoit.Thiscuredurationisbasedonthetimeitnormallytakesforconcretetoachievesufficientphysicalstrengthtoallowvarioustradestoperformtheirworkwithoutdamagingtheconcrete.通常在混凝土层养护至少28天以前方可进展外表处理，此时混凝土基层已到达足够的物理强度而不会受损。Surfacepreparationshallnotbedonebeforetheconcretesurfacepre-cleanedtobefreeofoilandgreaseorotherpenetratingcontaminations,whichcannotberemovedfromconcretebyabradingconcretesurfaceincludingbutnotlimitedtogrinding,blasting,scarifyingandscabbling.外表处理工作应在混凝土外表油污、油脂及其它渗透污染去除以后进展。研磨、喷砂、铣刨等方法都是不能将这些污物去除的。Abradingconcretesurfaceshallnotbedonewhereadjacentareasorequipmentareinsufficientlyprotectedfromcontaminationbydustordebris.外表打磨前，应充分保护相邻区域或相关设备免于打磨过程中灰尘或杂质损害。Abradingconcretesurfaceshallnotbedoneinareasclosetopaintingoperationstopreventcontaminationofwetpaintfilmsbydustandgrit.Itisessentialthatthelaitancelayerberemovedduringthesurfacepreparation,becausepaintsorcoatingappliedoverlaitanceinvariablyfail.Formreleaseagentsthatremainonconcretemustberemovedduringthesurfacepreparationbecausemostwillpreventproperbondingofcoatings.混凝土研磨施工不可以在靠近正在涂装区域进展，以防灰尘或混凝土颗粒污染未固化的涂层。地表处理时，必需去除松散的水泥翻沫，否则在此根底上进展涂装施工，必然会导致涂装失败。外表处理时，残留在砼外表的脱模剂也必须去除，这有助于涂层更好的附着。Alltrowelmarksorformmarks,sharpedges,e*istingcoatingadjacenttopreparedareasshallbefeatheredbacktoafirmedgeandabradedforminimum25mmaroundpreparedareastoensurethatanadequatekeyisobtained.所有靠近涂装区域如镘刀、锋利工具引起的涂装印痕等应予磨去。为保证到达良好的地坪效果，研磨区域至少应扩展到涂装四周25mm范围之外。Anyabradingpreparedareasnotyetcoated,shallbeprotectedfromoil,greaseorotherpenetratingcontaminations.应保护研磨好的待涂装区域，免于油污，油脂及其它有渗透性物质的污染。Beforeanycoatingisapplied,relativehumidityshallnotbee*ceed85%,theairand substratetemperatureshallbeatleast3oCabovedewpointandnote*ceededoftheapplicationlimitspecifiedbythepaintmanufacturer.任何涂装施工之前，环境相对湿度不可以超过80%，气温及地面温度至少高于露点温度3oC。以上施工环境不可以超出材料供给商规定的范围。Overcoatperiodshallbestrictlyfollowed.Coatingswithoutbroadcastingby aggregateshallbepreparedmechanicallybeforebeingover-coated,ifthema*imum overcoatperiodisover.重涂时间应严格执行。如已经超过实行重涂的容许时间，撒砂的涂层外表需进展机械打磨处理。10.0 术语表AbrasionResistance耐磨性

Theabilityofacoatingtoresistdegradationduetomechanicalwear.涂层抵御机械磨损的能力。AcrylicLate*丙烯酸乳胶

Anaqueousdispersionofacrylicresins.一种水融性丙烯酸树脂。AcrylicResin丙烯酸树脂

Aclearresinattainedbypolymerizingvariousacrylicmonomerseitheraloneorinbination.一种透明树脂，从单一或不同种类的丙烯酸单体聚合而成。Aggregate骨料

Ablendofvarioussizedgranularmaterialsusedtobulkupore*tendresinousindustrialfloortoppingsorlinings.I.e.,abrasives,quartz,granite,peagravel,walnutshell,graphite,etc.AggregatemayalsorefertocoloredsandandstoneusedindecorativefloorsotherthanTerrazzo.SeeChips.

各种规格大小的颗粒状材料混合物，用于填充或增稠工业地坪树脂涂层。骨料的种类有磨料，石英砂，花岗岩，砂粒，贝壳，石墨等。骨料也包括用于装饰性地坪的彩砂和石头。AirlessSpray无气喷涂

Asprayingsysteminwhichpaintisatomizedusinghighhydraulicpressureratherthanpressedair.

一种使用高压液压代替压缩空气产生漆雾的喷涂系统。Alcohol酒精溶剂

Agroupofsolventsofrelativelyhighevaporationratebutwithfairlylowsolventstrength.Methanol,ethanolandisopropylaremonalcohols.

一种挥发性较强的溶剂，但溶解力较低。甲醇，乙醇和异丙基属常见的酒精溶剂。Asphalt沥青

Ablackresinousmaterialofpetroleumorigin.WhileGeneralPolymerscansupplyproductsthatwillbondtoAsphalt,itsinherentlowtensilestrengthmakesitdifficulttoprovideapermanenttopping.

一种源于石油的黑色树脂状材料。一般的聚合物能提供跟沥青结合的成份，但它的内部结合力较小，使得它难以提供稳定的面涂构造。ASTM

AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials.Mostoftenincorrectly(butfittingly)referredtoasAmericanStandardTestMethod.

美国材料与测试协会。通常被误称为美国检测标准。ASTMD4258Standardpracticeforsurfacecleaningconcreteforcoating.ASTMD4258标准作业标准，待涂装混凝土外表清洁

Thispracticeincludessurfacecleaningofconcretetoremovegrease,dirt,andloosematerialpriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Proceduresincludebroomcleaning,vacuumcleaning,airblastcleaning,watercleaning,detergentwatercleaning,andsteamcleaning.

本标准包括混凝土涂装前外表清洁，去除油脂，灰尘和表层松散物质。它包括以下程序如扫帚清洁，真空吸尘，鼓风吹净，水洗，清洁剂水清洗以及蒸汽清洁。ASTMD4259Standardpracticeforabradingconcrete.ASTMD4259标准作业标准，混凝土研磨

Thispracticeincludessurfacepreparationofconcretetopreparethesurfacepriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Thispracticeisintendedtoalterthesurfaceprofileoftheconcrete.

本标准包括混凝土涂装前的外表处理工作。外表处理的目的在于改变混凝土外表轮廓状况。ASTMD4260Standardpracticeforacidetchingconcrete.ASTMD4260标准作业标准，酸蚀混凝土

Thispracticeincludessurfacepreparationofconcretetopreparethesurfacepriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Thispracticeisintendedtoalterthesurfaceprofileoftheconcrete.

本标准包括涂装前混凝土外表处理。外表处理的目的在于改变混凝土外表轮廓状况。ASTMD4261Standardpracticeforsurfacecleaningconcreteunitmasonryforcoating.ASTMD4261标准作业标准，混凝土外表清洁

Thispracticecoverssurfacecleaningofconcreteunitmasonrytoremovedust,dirt,mortarspatter,oil,andgreasepriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Proceduresincludevacuumcleaning,air-blastcleaning,watercleaning,detergentwaterwash,steamcleaningandmechanicalcleaning.ThispracticeisNOTintendedtoalterthesurfaceprofileoftheconcretemasonryunitsbuttocleanthesurface.

本标准包括混凝土外表清洁，在涂装前，去除垃圾，灰尘，灰浆，油污，油脂。实施方法有真空吸尘，鼓风吹净，水洗，洗涤剂水清洁和蒸汽清洁。本标准目的不是为了改变混凝土外表粗糙度，仅为了清洁地坪。ASTMD4263-83Standardtestmethodforindicationofmoistureinconcretebytheplasticsheetmethod.ASTMD4263-83标准测试方式，使用塑料薄膜显示混凝土中湿气含量

Thistestmethodisusedtoindicatethepresenceofcapillarymoistureinconcrete.本测试方法用于显示混凝土中的潮气。Binder基料

Thenonvolatileportionofthevehicleofacoatingwhichholdstogetherthepigmentparticles.

涂装材料中不会挥发的成份。它可以将颜料颗粒结合在一起。BituminousCoating沥青涂料

Acoaltarorasphaltbasedcoatingmaterialusuallyusedinthickfilms.

煤焦油或沥青基的材料，通常使用于厚涂层。Blistering起泡

Theformationofblistersintoppingsorcoatingsbythelocallossofadhesionandliftingofthefilmfromtheunderlyingsubstrate.Onconcretesurfaces,thisisoftencausedbymoisturevaportransmissionproblems.

由于涂层之间或涂层与基层间缺乏附着力而形成的气泡现象。在混凝土外表，这种现象通常会由水汽上升引起。BondingAgent粘接剂

Materialusedtoincreaseadherenceofcoatingsortoppingstothee*istingsurface.Alsotheagentusedtobondnewconcretetoold.Maybeanacryliclate*,epo*y,polyurethaneorothertypeofadhesive.Seeprimer.

用于增强涂层与基层或原有涂层间附着力的材料。它也包括用于将新的混凝土层连接到旧的混凝土层上的底涂。粘接剂可以是丙烯酸乳胶，环氧、聚胺脂或其它种类的材料。见底涂。CementitiousCoatings水泥性涂料

AcoatingcontainingPortlandcementasoneofitsponents.

含波特兰水泥组份的涂料。Chalking粉化

Theformationofafriablepowderycoatingonthesurfaceofapaintfilmgenerallycausedbye*posuretoultravioletradiationresultinginalossofgloss.

涂装外表形成易碎粉末，通常由于涂装暴露于紫外光下，并导致涂料外表失去光泽。CleanandDry清洁和枯燥

TherequirementforCleanandDrydescribestheconditionofthesurfacepriortocoating.Thesurfaceshallbeclean,dry,andfreeofoil,grease,wa*,formoils,andanyothercontaminantthatmayeffecttheadhesionofthecoating.Forbestresultsandhighperformancerequirementsremovelatenciesandcontaminantsfromprecastandcast-in-placeconcretebyabrasiveblastingorhighpressurewaterblasting.Drymeansthatthesubstratecontainslessthen4%moisture.Concreteshouldbecuredatleast28daysandmortarjointsatleast15days75Fand50%RH.

清洁和枯燥反映了涂装前对地表的要求。它要求涂装外表清洁、枯燥。且涂装外表应免受油污、油脂、地蜡，油痕以及其它可能影响涂装粘着效果的污染。为收到最正确的效果和到达较高的施工要求，使用喷砂打磨，或高压水冲洗，去除预制混凝土或现浇混凝土外表的翻沫与杂质。外表枯燥则是指外表含湿量不超过4％。在气温20oC,相对湿度50％的环境下，混凝土固化至少28天，砂浆接缝固化至少15天。CoalTarEpo*y煤焦油环氧

Acoatinginwhichthebinderorvehicleisabinationofcoaltarandepo*yresins.

一种涂料，其基料或载色剂是煤焦油和环氧树脂的结合体。Conductive导电性

Theabilitytoconductanelectricalcurrent.Whenthistermisusedinconjunctionwithresinouscoatingortoppingsitmeansthattheappliedproductwillhaveanelectricalresistanceoflessthan1,000,000ohms(1Megaohm).

是指传导电流的能力。在涂装领域，它指施工涂料所具有的电阻率，小于1,000,000欧姆(1兆欧)CSP/ConcreteSurfaceProfile砼外表粗糙度

ICRIhasidentifiedninedistinctprofileconfigurationsthatreplicatedegreesofroughnessconsideredtobesuitablefortheapplicationofsealers,coatings,orpolymertoppings.Theremendedmethodforachievingeachprofileisasfollows:

CSP1(AcidEtching),CSP2(Grinding),CSP3(LightShotblast),CSP4(LightScarification),CSP5(MediumShotblast),CSP6(MediumScarification),CSP7(HeavyAbrasiveBlast),CSP8(Scabbling),CSP9(HeavyScarification,Milling)

ICRI定义了9个等级的混凝土外表粗糙度，分别适应于各类涂装的需要。如施工封闭剂，涂装，聚合物面涂等涂装。各个粗糙度等级推荐使用不同的方法，具体如下：CSP1(酸蚀法),CSP2(研磨),CSP3(轻度喷砂),CSP4(轻度铣刨),CSP5(中度喷砂),CSP6(中度铣刨),CSP7(重度研磨喷砂),CSP8(精琢),CSP9(重度铣刨)DewPoint露点

Thetemperatureofasurface,atagivenambienttemperatureandrelativehumidity,atwhichcondensationofmoisturewilloccur.

在*个气温和相对湿度条件下，物体外表会凝结水汽的温度。DFTDryfilmthickness.

干膜厚度DrytoRecoat固化至可重涂

Thetimerequiredforacuredfilmtodrypriortotheapplicationofasecondcoat.

涂层干固至可实施另一道涂层所需时间DrytoTackFree表干

Astageatwhichacoa