英语16种时态-讲解

v1.0可编写可更正第2章动词的时态一.看法:时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是经过动词形式自己的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时.将来完成时1）构成willhavedone2）看法状态完成：表示某事连续到将来某一时为止素来有的状态。比方：Theywillhavebeenmarriedfor20yearsbythen.到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作从前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。比方：YouwillhavereachedShanghaibythistimetomorrow.明天此时，你已经到达上海了现在进行时现在进行时的基本用法：表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。比方：Wearewaitingforyou.我们正在等你。习惯进行：表示长远的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。比方：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）c.表示渐变，这样的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。比方：Theleavesareturningred.叶子在变红。It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越来越热了。d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用，表示屡次发生的动作或连续存在的状态，经常带有说话人的主观色彩。比方：Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变想法。11v1.0可编写可更正过去进行时1）看法：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作连续的时候，另一个短动作发生。3）常用的时间状语有thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while等。比方：Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他们走开车站时，正下着雨。WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。将来进行时1）看法：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按展望将来会发生的事情。比方：She'llbecomingsoon.她会很快来的。I'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture.将来我必然去见他。注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能够说I'llbehavingatalkwithher.2）常用的时间状语有soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等。比方：Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。一般现在时代替一般将来时When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incase（that）,unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。比方：HeisgoingtovisitherauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.他一到北京，就去看他阿姨。一般现在时代替一般过去时）"书上说"，"报纸上说"等。比方：22v1.0可编写可更正Thenewspapersaysthatit'sgoingtobecoldtomorrow.报纸上说明天会很冷的。2）表达往事，使其生动。比方：Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进，大战开始了一般现在时代替现在完成时1）有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时，如hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember等。比方：Ihear（=haveheard）hewillgotoLondon.我听闻了他将去伦敦。Iforget（=haveforgotten）howoldheis.我忘了他多大了。2）用句型"Itissince"代替"Ithasbeensince"。比方：Itis（=hasbeen）fiveyearssincewelastmet.从我们前一次见面以来，五年过去了。一般现在时代替现在进行时。在Herecomes/Theregoes等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。比方：Theregoesthebell.铃响了。现在进行时代替将来时1）表示马上发生的或预定受骗划好的活动。比方：Areyoustayingwithusthisweekend和我们一起度周末好吗Weareleavingsoon.我们马上就走。2）渐变动词，如get,run,grow,become,begin以及刹时动词die等。比方：Heisdying.他要死了。20.时态一致1）若是从句所表达的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用现在时。比方：Atthattime,peopledidnotknowthattheearthmoves.那时，人们不知道地球是动的。Hetoldmelastweekthatheiseighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。33v1.0可编写可更正2）宾语从句中的，助动词ought,need,must,dare的时态是不变的。比方：HethoughtthatIneednottellyouthetruth.他认为我不用告诉你真相。三.牢固练习:1、I’llgivethebooktohimassoonashe________back.2、Hasthebaby________cryingyet(stop)3、Idon’tknowwhetherMother__________metoBeijingnextmonth.(take)4、She_______onhercoatandwentout.(put)5、“Whataretheydoing”“They__________readyforthesportsmeeting.”(get)6、Theboyaskedhismother________himgoandplaybasketball.(let)7、I’msorrytokeepyou____________foralongtime.(wait)8、It________(take)himhalfanhour_______(finish)hishomeworkyesterday.9、Ifit________aninterestingfilm,we’llseeittomorrow.(be)10、Theyusually________(do)theirhomeworkaftersupper.11、Listen!Who_____________(sing)inthenextroomnow？12、__________(be)yourparentsinShanghailastyear？13、Mr.Yu_____________(teach)usmathssince1982.14、TheywillhaveatriptotheGreatWallifit_________(notrain)tomorrow.15、LiMingoften_________(listen)totheradiointhemorning.16、A:“Father,mayIgooutandplayfootball”B:“_____you____(do)yourhomework”17、Allthepeopleinthetownareglad______(hear)thatafamousmusician___aconcertthisSaturdayevening.(give)18、Ourteachertoldusifit_____(notsnow)wewouldvisittheScienceMuseumthenextday.19、Theyoften_______(play)footballintheafternoon.20、A:What’reyoudoingDadB:I_______(mend)theradio.21、Let’s_______(carry)theboxestothehouse.44v1.0可编写可更正22、Yesterdayshe______(want)verymuchtoseethefilm,butshecouldn’t__(get)aticket.23、I_________(write)toyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.24、Mike___________(visit)severalplacessincehecametoBeijing.25、He___________(write)fourletterstohiswifeeverymonth.26、Don’tmakeanynoise,Grandma___________(sleep).27、Hisaunt___________(do)somecookingwhenhecamein.28、Whenthey___________(reach)thestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.29、There___________(be)ameetingnextMonday.30、We___________(know)eachothersinceourboyhood..31、Sometimesmyfather___________(come)backhomelate.32、They___________(have)anEnglisheveningnextweek.33、I’mveryglad___________(hear)that.34、WeiFangisn’there.She___________(go)tothereading-room.35、Thestory___________(happen)longago.36、They___________(visit)theHistoryMuseumlastweek.37、ZhangHong___________(make)manyfriendssinceshecametoParis.38、She___________(go)tothecinemawithherclassmatestomorrowevening.39、Stayhere,bag.Don’tgoout.It___________(rain)now.40、LiPing___________(write)acompositioneveryweek.41、Thescientist___________(give)usatalkyesterday.42、Myparents___________(live)inBeijingsince1949.43、Look!Theyoungworker___________(show)thestudentsaroundthefactorynow.44、They___________(build)anewbridgeovertherivernextyear.45、Thestudents___________(clean)theirclassroomtomorrow.46、Thewindowsofourlab___________(clean)onceaweek.47、Ourteacher___________(join)thepartytwentyyearsago.55v1.0可编写可更正48、Theboys___________(have)abasketballmatchnow.Let’s___(go)and_____(watch).49、She___________(work)inthisfactoryfortenyears.50、“Whatmakesyou___________(think)I’mafarmer”theFrenchmanasked.四.答案66v1.0可编写可更正comesstoppedwilltakeputaregettingtoletwaitingtooktofinishisdoissingingWashastaughtdoesn’trainlistensHavedonet