英语模拟试卷(七)

文亮2015年浙江“专升本”《英语》模考试卷（七）题号二三四总分得分考试说明：1.考试时间为150分钟；2.满分为150分；3.在答题卡前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号在答题卡上填写清楚。4.每小题选出答案后，请将答案填在相应的答题纸上，如果答案不涂写在答题卡上，用蓝色或黑色墨水的钢笔、圆珠笔答卷，否则成绩无效。PartI ReadingComprehension供60分）SectionIPassageReading（50points）PartADirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.（40points）PassageOneInbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild'sacquisition（学会）ofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechild.Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly;ayoungchildmightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters.Othersaresevereovertimesofcominghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild'sownhappiness.Asregardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality（道德）.Also,parentsshouldrealizethat"exampleisbetterthanprecept".Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpracticewhattheypreach（说教）,theirchildrenmaygrowconfused,andemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents'principlesandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.Eagerlywatchingthechild'sacquisitionofnewskillsshouldbeavoidedisuniversalamongparentssetsupdangerousstatesofworryinthechildwillmakehimloseinterestinlearningnewthings.Intheprocessofchildren'slearningnewskillsparents shouldencouragethemtoreadbeforetheyknowthemeaningofthewordstheyreadshouldnotexpecttoomuchofthemshouldachieveabalancebetweenpushingthemtoohardandleavingthemontheirownshouldcreateasmanylearningopportunitiesaspossible.Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusthat parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenparentalcontrolsreflectonlytheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityparentalrestrictionsvary,andarenotalwaysenforcedforthebenefitofthechildrenaloneparentsvaryintheirstrictnesstowardstheirchildrenaccordingtothesituation.Theword"precept"(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans" ".A.idea B.punishment C.behavior D.instruction.Inmoralmatters,parentsshould .observetherulesthemselvesbeawareofthemarkeddifferencebetweenadultsandchildrenforbidthingswhichhavenofoundationinmoralityconsistentlyensurethesecurityoftheirchildrenPassageTwoSolongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning,theywillcontinuetoundertaketodoforwhichonlychildrencandoforthemselves.Teachingchildrentoreadisnotpassingreadingontothem.Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglasinsiststhat"readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyandschoolsshouldstoptryingtodotheimpossible."Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsopublicactivity:Itcanbeseenandobserved.Learningtoreadinvolvesallthateachindividualdoestomakesenseoftheworldofprintedlanguage.Almostallofitisprivate,forlearningisanoccupationofthemind,andthatprocessisnotopentopublicscrutiny.Ifteacherandlearnerrolesarenotinterchangeable,whatthencanbedonethroughteachingthatwillaidthechildinknowledge?Smithhasoneprincipalruleforallteachinginstructions."Makelearningtoreadeasy,whichmeansmakingreadingameaningful,enjoyableandfrequentexperienceforchildren."Whentherolesofteacherandlearnerareseenforwhattheyare,andwhenbothteacherandlearnerfulfillthemappropriately,thenmuchofthepressureandfeelingoffailureforbothiseliminated.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventheopportunitytosolvetheproblemoflearningtoreadbyreading.Theproblemwiththereadingcourseasmentionedinthefirstparagraphisthat.itisoneofthemostdifficultschoolcoursesstudentsspendendlesshoursinreadingreadingtasksareassignedwithlittleguidancetoomuchtimeisspentinteachingofreadingTheteachingofreadingwillbesuccessfulif.teacherscanimproveconditionsatschoolforthestudentsteacherscanenablestudentstodeveloptheirownwayofreadingteacherscandevisethemostefficientsystemforreadingteacherscanmaketheirteachingactivitiesobservablyTheword"scrutiny"（Para.3）mostprobablymeans.A.inquiryB.observationC.control D.suspicionAccordingtothepassage,learningtoreadwillnolongerbeadifficulttaskwhen.childrenbecomehighlymotivatedteacherandlearnerrolesareinterchangeableteachinghelpschildreninthesearchforknowledgereadingenricheschildren’sexperienceThemainideaofthepassageisthat.teachersshoulddoaslittleaspossibleinhelpingstudentslearntoreadteachersshouldencouragestudentstoreadaswidelyaspossiblereadingabilityissomethingacquiredratherthantaughtreadingismorecomplicatedthangenerallybelievedPassageThreeGeenaDavidknewshewantedtobeamoviestarwhenshewasveryyoung.Shewasnotsurewhatgavehertheidea,butshewantedtolooklikeamoviestar.“Ihavealotofpicturesfrommychildhoodofmewearingsunglasses,”shesays.“IusedtowearthemtowatchTV.”Earlymovieactorsstartedwearingsunglassesnotbecausetheylookedgood,butbecausetheireyeshurt.Thelightsusedonmoviesetswereextremelybrightandcouldcauseapainfulproblemknownas“Kliegeyes”.ItwasnamedaftertheKliegbrotherswhoinventedthelights.Actorsworesunglassestogivetheireyesarest.Butwhenmoviestarsbeganwearingtheirsunglassesinpublic,theyquicklybecameamust.Eventuallyactorsstartedwearingsunglassesintheirmoviesaswellasonthestreet.AudreyHephburnworeultra-coolRay-Bansunglassesinthe1961movie,BreakfastatTiffany’s.Asaresult,Ray-Bansunglassesstartedtoappearmoreandmoreinthemovies.In1979,Ray-Ban“Wayfarers”werewornbyJakeandElwoodinTheBlueBrothers.TomCruiseworeRay-Ban“Aviator”sunglassesinthe1986hit,TopGun.Thenin1997,WillSmithandTommyLeeJonesmadeRay-Ban“Predator”sunglassesfamousinMeninBlack.Ofcoursesunglassesaren’tjustafashionstatement.ThemainreasontowearsunglassesistoprotectoureyesagainstUVradiation.UVradiationcandamageoureyes,sopeoplenowchoosetheirsunglassescarefully.Butyoudon’thavetogiveupstyleforsafety.Thechoiceofframesandlensesavailablethesedaysishuge.Soyoucanprotectyoureyesandstillbethecoolestpersononthebeach.11.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A.TheuseofsunglassesB.ThehistoryofsunglassesC.ThesunglasseswearingD.Whymoviestarsliketowearsunglasses12.WhydidGeenaDavidliketowearsunglasses^A.ShewasamoviestarShewantedtofollowamoviestarWearingsunglasseswasgoodforhereyesItwasgoodtowearsunglasseswhenwatchingTV13.Earlyactors'eyeshurtbecause.theyworesunglassestheywentoutinthesuntoomuchthelightsonmoviesetsweretoobrighttheirscriptswerewritteninverysmallwriting14.Wemayknowfromthispassagethat.AudreyHephburnwasafamousfilmstarRay-BanisthenameofsunglassesmakerSunglassesmadeTopGunthehitin1986MeninBlackmustbeanadvertisementofsunglasses15.Nowpeoplewearsunglasses.A.justtoprotecttheireyes B.forfashionandtoprotecttheireyesC.becauseofbrightlights D.becausemoviestarswearthemPassageFourSincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionsisourpossibilitytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressful（有压力的）conditions.Socialsupportmakesupoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletodealwithmajorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesovertypesofillnesses,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,showthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeopledefendthemselvesagainstillness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relativesandco-workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersinspiteofourfaultsanddifficulties.Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.Third,wetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportive.Takingpartinfree-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting（转移注意力）usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—moneyaid,materialresources,andneededservices—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveanddealwithourproblems.16.Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecausetheycan .A.makepeoplelivemoreeasilyB.smoothawaydailyproblemsC.dealwithlifechanges D.curetypesofillnesses17.Theresearchesshowthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth .A.liesinthesocialmedicalcaresystemswhichsupportthemhasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothersdependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroublesisrelatedtotheircouragefordealingwithmajorlifechanges18.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“cushions”?A.takesplaceof B.makesupofC.lessenstheeffectofD.getsridof19.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkinsparetimeisanexampleof .A.instrumentalsupportB.informationalsupportC.socialcompanionshipD.thestrengtheningofself-respect20.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?InterpersonalrelationshipsKindsofsocialsupportWaystodealwithstressEffectsofstressfulconditionsPartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesegmentshavebeenremoved.Forquestions21-25,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.(10points)21.Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnotlikeitaswellas“regular”coffee,andittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance(introductionstage).Atonepoint,though,instantcoffeegrewrapidlyinpopularity,andmanybrandswereintroduced(stageofrapidgrowth).22.—Saleswentintoaslightdecline(衰退)whenfreeze-driedcoffeeswereintroduced(stageofdecline).23.Thegoalistoextendproductlifesothatsalesandprofitsdonotdecline.Onestrategyiscalledmarketmodification.Itmeansthatmarketingmanagerslookfornewusersandmarketsections.Didyouknow,forexample,thatthebackpacksthatsomanystudentscarrytodaywereoriginallydesignedforthemilitary?Marketmodificationalsomeanssearchingforincreasedusageamongpresentcustomersorgoingforadifferentmarket,suchasseniorcitizens.24.Anotherproductextensionstrategyiscalledproductmodification.25.Americanauto-manufacturersareusingqualityimprovementasonewaytorecaptureworldmarkets.Note,also,howautomanufacturersoncechangedstylesdramaticallyfromyeartoyeartokeepdemandfromfalling.Afterawhile,peoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveledoff(stageofmaturity).Amarketermayre-positiontheproducttoappealtonewmarketsections.C.Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:Differentstagesintheproductlifecyclecallfordifferentstrategies.Ontheonehand,marketmodificationreferstolookingfornewmarketsections.Itinvolveschangingproductquality,features,orstyletoattractnewusersormoreusagefrompresentusers.Theotherstrategyiscalled“productmodification”.Wecanseehowtheproductlifecycleworksbylookingattheintroductionofinstantcoffee.SectionIIBankedClozeDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Youmaynotuseanyofthe段ordsinthebankmorethanonce.(10points)ManyAmericanstudents__26__highereducationtoprepareforprofessionalemployment.Inyouracademictrainingyouwillneedtobeginplanningforthe__27__fromcollegetocareer.Acareerisreallyaprocess-itishowyouprogressthrougha__28__ofjobsandoccupationsduringyourworkingyears.Acollegeeducationcanhelpyougetstartedonyourcareerjourney.InAmericasociety,thetypeofoccupationalfieldsyouchooseandjobsyouhold__29_yourentirelifestyle:yourself-concept,income,prestige,choiceoffriends,andwhereyouwilllive.Thisfreedomtochoosefromthousandsofemploymentchoicescanbe__30__ortroubling—ifyoudon’tknowwhereandhowtobegin.Careerplanningisacomprehensiveprocessthattakesmuchtimeand__31_.Careerplanningcangreatlyincreaseyour__32__ofobtainingemploymentintheoccupationyouchoose.However,careerplanningincludesmuchmorethanajobsearch.Itbeginswithcarefullyconsideringwhatyouwantandneedinlife.Careerplanningcanbedividedintofour__33__stepsthatincludeself-assessment,occupationalexplorationandselection,careerpreparation,andjobseeking.Althougheachstudent’sgoalwillbe__34_,onesuggestedtimetabletohelpyoukeeponcourseistocompleteonestepineachuniversityyear.Your__35_maybelongerorshorterdependingonyourcareergoal.A.transmissionB.consecutiveC.enjoyableD.seriesE.perspectiveF.variesG.scheduleH.differentI.superficialJ.effortK.prospectsL.influenceM.cultivateN.pursueO.transitionPartIIIntegratedTesting(共30分)SectionIClozeDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.(20points)Onefactorthatcaninfluenceconsumersistheirmoodstate.Moodmaybedefined36atemporaryandmildpositiveornegativefeelingthatisgeneralizedandnottied37anyparticularcircumstance.Moodsshouldbe38fromemotionswhichareusuallymoreintense,39tospecificcircumstances,andoftenconscious.40onesense,theeffectofaconsumer'smoodcanbethoughtofin41thesamewayascanourreactionstothe42ofourfriends—whenourfriendsarehappyand“up”，thattendstoinfluenceuspositively;43whentheyare“down”，thatcanhavea44impactonus.Similarly,consumersoperatingundera45moodstatetendtoreacttostimulant(刺激因素)inadirection46withthatmoodstate.Thus,forexample,weshouldexpecttosee47inapositivemoodstateevaluateproductsinmoreofa48mannerthantheywouldwhennotinsuchastate.49moodstatesappearcapableof50aconsumer'smemory.Moodsappeartobe51influencedbymarketingtechniques.Forexample,therhythm,pitch,and52ofmusichasbeenshowntoinfluencebehaviorsuchasthe53oftimespentinsupermarketsor54topurchaseproducts.Inaddition,advertisingcaninfluenceconsumers'moodswhich,in55,arecapableofinfluencingconsumers'reactionstoproducts.A.asB.about C.by D.withA.overB.underC.to D.up

38.A.derivedB.descendedC.dividedD.distinguished39.A.relatedB.referredC.attachedD.associated40.A.OnB.OfC.InD.By41.A.thusB.muchC.evenD.still42.A.signalB.gestureC.viewD.behavior43.A.forB.butC.unlessD.provided44.A.relativeB.decisiveC.negativeD.sensitive45.A.givenB.grantedC.fixedD.driven46.A.resistantB.persistentC.insistent D.consistent47.A.consumersB.businessmenC.retailersD.manufacturersA.HoweverB.OtherwiseD.cultivatingD.rangD.cultivatingD.rangD.intentionsD.depthA.rA.sA.extentB.amount C.scopeA.facilitiesB.capacities C.reflectionsA.turn B.total C.detailSectionIIShortAnswerQuestionsDirections:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewithfivequestionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words)onAnswerSheet2.(10points)WhenAndreaPetersonlandedherfirstteachingjob,shefacedthedauntingtaskofcreatingamusicprogramwithalmostnomoneyforequipmentorsuppliesinaclimatewherestandards-basedlearningwasthefocusandmusicjustprovidedabreakforstudentsandteachers.Forherdriveandcreativityinovercomingthosechallenges,she’sbeennamednationalteacheroftheyear.PrincipalWaynesKettlersaidhe’sworkedwithmanyoutstandingteachersinhis22yearsasaneducator,butPetersonis“justthatonestepaboveanybodyI’veeverworkedwithbefore.”KettlerandothersatMonteCristoElementarySchooltalkaboutthewaysshehasintroducedthelearningfromotherclassroomsintohermusicprogramandhercreativityinworkingaroundthingssuchasthelackofmoneyfornewmusic.WhenstudentswerereadingS.E.Hinton’snovelTheOutsidersintheirregularclassroom,Petersonhelpedthemwritea30-minuteplaywithscenesfromthebook.ThentheychosethreeBroadwaytunesthatfocusedonrace,equalityandsocialjustice,thethemesofthebook.Petersoncomposedtwoothersongsherselfafterclassroomdiscussionsabouttheplayandthebook.ThehonormeansalottoresidentsofGranieFalls.It’sinspiringtoknowthatpeoplefromsmalltownscanevenwinnationalhonors.Asnationalteacheroftheyear,Petersonwillspendthenextyearoutsideclassroom,asanationalandinternationalspokeswomanforeducation.Notsurprisingly,sheisabigbelieverinthevalueofartseducation.Shesaidit’sessentialforschoolstoofferclassessuchasartormusicandphysicaleducationbecauseforsomekidsoneofthosesubjectsistheonlythingthatmotivatesthemtocomebacktoschooldayafterday.WhenPetersonbeganherteachingcareer,theschool .Theunderlinedword“daunting”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans.WhydidPrincipalWaynesKettlersaythatPetersonis“justthatonestepaboveanybodyI’veeverworkedwithbefore”?WhatwillPetersonmostlydonextyear?WhatisPeterson’sopinionaboutthevalueofartseducation?PartIHTranslation(30marks,30minutes)(每小题3分)SectionIChinese-EnglishTranslationDirections:CompletethesentencebytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyoutranslationonAnswerSheet2.(15points)It’sapity. (你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的).Ifonly (他知道这病是可以治好的)!Thenhewouldnothavekilledhimself.Charitygroupsorganizedvariousactivitiesto (为地震幸存者筹款).Thewarwentonforyears, (夺去了成千上万人的生命).65.Itisabsolutelywrongto (仅仅以金钱来定义幸福).SectionIIEnglish-ChineseTranslationDirections:Inthissectionthereisapassagewith5underlinedsegments,numbered1to5.Afterreadingthepassagecarefully,translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.RemembertowriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)(66)Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(经验的，实证的)basis.(67)Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocused,andleadtorelaxation.Researchesshowthataspectsofth