Unit1 Reading 课件-高中英语人教版选修八

Unit1ALandofDiversityTotrytolistthethingsyouknowaboutAmerica.Tolookatsomepicturesandpredictinformationinareadingpassage.ToreadapassageandlearnmorethingsaboutCalifornia.Itisaveryyoungcountryintheworld,whichhasonlyahistoryof200-300years.ThereisaStatueofLibertyintheeastcoast.Itisabout46metershigh.TheheadofficeoftheUNwassetupthere.TwoWorldWarsdidn’ttakeplacethere.Nowitisthestrongestcountryoftheworld.WhenwetalkabouttheUnitedStates,whatcomestoyourmind?theUSAfastfoodimmigrantsAppleInc.moviesTVseriesNewYorkCaliforniaWashington,D.C.

citiesfestivals...HowmuchdoyouknowaboutAmerica?CanyoulistthethingsthatyouknowaboutAmerica?Watchavideo.Star-SpangledBanner(星条旗)50stars—Eachstarrepresentsonestate

13stripes—theoriginal13states.Blue—

loyaltyandjusticeRed—courageWhite—

freedomTheWhiteHouseTheStatueofLiberty________________istheexecutivemansion(官邸)ofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.TheStatueofLibertyisstandingonasmallislandinNewYorkHarbor,symbolizingthespiritof_______________oftheUSA.TheWhiteHouseindependenceThelanguagetheymainlyuseis_______.Mountainrangeinthewestis___________________.ThelongestriverintheUSAis___________________.theMississippiRivertheRockyMountainsEnglishNewYork,WashingtonD.C.,LosAngeles,SanFrancisco,Chicago,NewOrleans,Houston,Philadelphia,Miami,Atlanta,Seattle,Denver,Kansas,Detroit,Boston,…CanyounamesomeimportantcitiesoftheUSA?LookatthemapoftheUSA.Workwithyourgrouptowriteonthemapthenamesofasmanyofthefollowingasyoucan.Compareyouranswerswithothergroups.oceanontheeastcoastoceanonthewestcoastcountrytothenorthofUSAcountrytothesouthofUSACaliforniamountainrangeinthewestGreatLakeslongestriverintheUSAsomeimportantcitiesSeattleSanFranciscoLosAngelesDenverHoustonNewOrleansMiamiAtlantaBostonNewYorkPhiladelphiaWashington,D.CAppalachianRockyMountainsMexicoChicagoDetroitSt.LouisCanadaAtlanticOceanPacificOceantheMississippiCaliforniaSuperiorMichiganErieHuronOntarioTheUSAliesin_________________,borderingboththe_________Oceanandthe________Ocean,between_________and________.Thereare________statesintheUS.Forty-eightofthemareinthesingleregion,while________and_________arenotcontiguous(相邻的)withanyoftheotherstates.theNorthAmericaAtlanticPacificCanadaMexicofiftyAlaskaHawaiiTheBriefhistoryoftheUSA:1.ChristopherColumbusfirstdiscoveredAmericain1492.2.Between1607and1733theBritishestablished13coloniesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica.3.OnJuly4,1776,theDeclarationofIndependencewasissued,establishingtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.4.TheCivilWar(1861-1865)5.By1912,allstatesexceptAlaskaandHawaiihavebeencreated.Ifyouhaveachancetogoto

theUSA,wherewouldyouprefertovisit,CaliforniaorWashingtonDCorothercities?Why?Let’sappreciatesomepicturesaboutCalifornia.CaliforniacoastHoovertowerCaliforniasunsetHotelCaliforniaCaliforniaAndresCanyon安德烈斯峡谷LakeTahoe太浩湖DeathValleyCaliforniaisamazing.Thepleasantweather,longbeachandgracefulnaturallandscapemakethetourismprosperous.HowiseachpicturerelevanttothehistoryofCalifornia?NativeAmericans—oneofthefirstpeopletoliveinCalifornia.Goldminers—thediscoveryofgoldinCaliforniacreatedagoldrushwhichbroughtpeoplefromallovertheworldtoCalifornia.

AbuildinginChinatown,SanFrancisco—ManyChinesehavesettledinCaliforniaandmanyofthemliveinChinatowninSanFrancisco.NativeAmericansSomepicturesaboutthehistoryofCaliforniaGoldRushPeriodCaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.加州是美国第三大州，但人口最多。ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。。ThisdiversityofcultureisnotsurprisingwhenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia.

当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后，你就不会对此感到惊讶了。1.NATIVEAMERCANS美洲土著人ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。

However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，很可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridge[whichexistedinprehistorictimes].

科学家们认为，这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。Inthe16thcentury,afterthearrivaloftheEuropeans,thenativepeoplesufferedgreatlyThousandswerekilledorforcedintoslavery..欧洲人在16世纪来到这儿后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难，成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。Inaddition,manydiedfromthediseases[broughtbytheEuropeans.]此外，欧洲人带来了疾病，使许多人染病而死，However,somesurvivedtheseterribletimes,andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.不过，还是有一些人在经历了这些恐怖时期后活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。2.THESPANISH西班牙人Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury,whentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.在18世纪的时候，加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，并夺去了他们的土地.Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.两个世纪以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。In1821,thepeopleofMexicogainedtheirindependencefromSpain.CaliforniathenbecamepartofMexico.1821年，墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立-加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。In1846theUnitedStatesdeclaredwaronMexico,andafterthewarwonbytheUSA,MexicohadtogiveCaliforniatotheUSA.1846年美国向墨西哥宣战，美国赢得战争胜利后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。However,thereisstillastrongSpanishinfluenceinthestate.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

但是，这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙的影响。这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。3.RUSSIANS俄罗斯人Intheearly1800s,Russianhunters,[whohadoriginallygonetoAlaska,begansettlinginCalifornia.]19世纪初期，[一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人]开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。Todaythereareabout25,000Russian-Americanslivinginandaround（现在分词作定语）SanFrancisco.今天，住在圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25,000人。4.GOLDMINERS淘金矿工In1848,notlongaftertheAmerican-Mexicanwar,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.1848年，在美国同墨西哥开战之后不久，在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。Thedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.发财梦很快就吸引了世界各地的人。随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。事实上很少有人圆了发财梦。Thenearest,andthereforethefirsttoarrive,（todo不定式做定语）wereSouthAmericansandpeoplefromtheUnitedStates.距离最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人。ThenadventurersfromEuropeandAsiasoonfollowed.Infact,fewachievedtheirdreamofbecomingrich.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.Theysettledinthenewtownsoronfarms.Makealiving一些人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，多数人还是留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生，并在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。BythetimeCaliforniaelectedto（决定做某事）becomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.

到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。5.LATERARRIVALS后来的移民

AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod,虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.（强调句）正是19世纪60年代要修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路，才使得更大批量的移民来到此地。Today,Chinese-AmericansliveinallpartsofCalifornia,althoughalargepercentagehavechosentostayinthe"Chinatowns"ofLosAngelesandSanFrancisco.

今天，加利福尼亚州各地都有美籍华人，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）的“中国城”里。Otherimmigrants【suchasItalians,mainlyfishermenbutalsowinemakers,】arrivedinCaliforniainthelate19thcentury.19世纪后期，其他国家的移民，比如意大利人来到了加利福尼亚，他们主要是渔民，也有制酒工人。In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,【whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.】1911年，丹麦的移民建立了自己的城镇，【至今仍然保留着丹麦文化】。Bythe1920sthefilmindustrywaswellestablishedinHollywood,California.TheindustryboomattractedEuropeansincludingmanyJewishpeople.20世纪20年代，电影业在加州的好莱坞建立了起来。这个行业吸引了大量的欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。TodayCaliforniahasthesecondlargestJewishpopulationintheUnitedStates.

今天，加利福尼亚的犹太人口在美国占第二位。JapanesefarmersbeganarrivinginCaliforniaatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,andsincethe1980salotmorehavesettledthere.

日本农民是在20世纪初期开始到加利福尼亚来的，而从20世纪80年代以来就有更多的日本人在加利福尼亚定居了。PeoplefromAfricahavebeenlivinginCaliforniasincethe1800s,whentheymovednorthfromMexico.非洲人从19世纪就一直在加利福尼亚住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。However,evenmorearrivedbetween1942and1945toworkintheshipandaircraftindustries.

然而，更多的非洲人是在1942年至1945年期间来到加利福尼亚的，当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作。

6.MOSTRECENTARRIVALS最近期的移民Inmorerecentdecades,CaliforniahasbecomehometomorepeoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.在最近的几十年里，加利福尼亚成了更多的亚洲人的家，包括朝鲜人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。Sinceitsbeginninginthe1970s,thecomputerindustryhasattractedIndiansandPakistanistoCalifornia.

从20世纪70年代以来，计算机工业吸引了印度人和巴基斯坦人来到加州。

7.THEFUTURE未来展望People{【fromdifferentpartsoftheworld】（定语）,【attractedbytheclimateandthelifestyle,】}（状语）stillimmigratetoCalifornia.

【世界各地的】人，【由于受到气候条件和生活方式的吸引】，仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。Itisbelievedthatbeforelong

【themixofnationalities】willbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

人们认为，要不了多久，【多种国籍的混合】将会非常之大，以致不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而是多种族、多文化的混合体。1.Californiaisthe_____largeststateintheUSA.A.thirdB.secondC.fourthD.fifth2.California,astateinthewesternUSA,borders______.A.thePacificOceanB.theIndianOceanC.theAtlanticOceanD.theArcticOceanGeneralknowledgequizaboutCalifornia.3._____isCalifornia’slargestandthenation’ssecondlargestcity.SacramentoB.LosAngelesC.SanDiegoD.SanFrancisco4.California’sofficialnicknameisthe_____.A.SunflowerStateB.GoldenStateC.LandofOpportunityD.EvergreenState5._____hasthelargestpopulationintheUSA.A.CaliforniaB.Alaska

C.WashingtonD.Texas6.CaliforniaenteredtheUniononSeptember9th1850,asthe____state.A.thirtiethB.thirty-eighthC.thirty-secondD.thirty-firstThetextisaboutthebrief_______ofCalifornia,whichfocusesonthesettlementofthestate.historyReadthetextquicklyandcompleteitsmainidea.15,000yearsago16thcentury1821184618481850TheUSdeclaredwaronMexico.GoldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.FirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmerica.ThesepeoplearenowknownasNativeAmericans.SpanishsoldiersarrivedinSouthAmerica.CaliforniabecamepartofMexico.Californiabecamethe31ststateoftheUS.BesideeachtimenotedownanimportanteventinCalifornianhistory.Spanish______________________Russians_____________________Africans_____________________Chinese______________________Italians______________________Danish______________________BesideeachculturalgroupwritetheperiodinwhichtheyfirstcametoCheearly16thcenturyearly1800s1800slate1840s/early1850sinthelate19thcentury1911Jewish___________________________Japanese_________________________Koreans_________________________Cambodians______________________Vietnamese______________________Pakistanis_______________________beginningofthe20thcentury1920sinmorerecentdecadesfromaboutthe1970sfromaboutthe1970sfromaboutthe1970sReadthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks.BeringStrait

land

CatholicRussians

Asia

winemakersfilmAfricansKoreansculturesPutthefollowingeventsinthecorrectorder.A.ThenativepeoplesufferedgreatlyafterthearrivaloftheEuropeans.B.RussianhunterscametoAlaska.C.TheSpanishbegantoruleCalifornia.D.ItalianfishermenandwinemakersarrivedinCalifornia.E.NativeAmericanscametoCaliforniabycrossingtheBeringStrait.F.TheUSAdeclaredwaronMexico.G.GoldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.H.IndiansandPakistaniscametoCaliforniaforthecomputerindustry.1-E

2-H

3-B

4-J

5-L

6-A

7-D

8-G

9-C

10-K

11-F

12-ICompletethepassage.Californiais______thirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation._____isthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.Thisisnot__________(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia.Noonereally_________(know)whenthefirstpeoplearrivedin_______wenowknowasCalifornia.ScientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAmerica_____meansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.theItsurprisingknowswhatbyInmorerecentdecades,Californiahasbecomehometo________(many)peoplefromAsia,includingKoreans,Cambodians,VietnameseandLaotians.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajority________(be)religiousmen.In1848,gold______________(discover)inCalifornia.Thedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact,fewachievedtheirdream.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifefor__________(they)despitegreathardship.werethemselveswasdiscoveredmoreWhyisCaliforniasuchamulticulturalcommunity?Whatproblemsdoyouthinkmightarise?Explaininyourownwords.Writethreeorfoursentences.Compareyouranswerswithyourpartner.ThestateofCaliforniaisamulticulturalcommunitybecauseEuropean,AfricanandAsianpeoplehavebeenmovingintothestateforthelast200years.Itisthismixofpeopleswiththeirowncustoms,cultureandfoodthathavegivenCaliforniaitsmu