强化班口译3-4上传13课件

IntermediateinterpretationSyntacticLinearity(顺句驱动)

InterpretingpracticeIntermediateinterpretationSyn1Iamhappytoseeyouall.我很高兴见到你们大家。Theaccidentwasoccurredatabout4:30intheafternoonof13September,1848,nearthesmallcityofIrvine,California.这起事故发生在1848年9月13号下午4点30分左右，地点是加利福尼亚州的埃尔文小镇附近。Iamhappytoseeyouall.2顺译技巧焊接、功能转换、拆句、句型转换、耽搁翻译、特别符号、预测翻译、换词、省略、重复、增译、直译、意译、语意对等、合句、正说反译顺译技巧焊接、功能转换、拆句、句型转换、耽搁翻译、特别符号3拆句/断句把一句话分成几句话或者几个半句来译。Iwishtothankyouforyourverygraciousandeloquentremarks.Hefindsthistripveryexciting.IcometoChina/atanimportanttime.拆句/断句把一句话分成几句话或者几个半句来译。4PracticeItisneverthelessmanyyearssince/ourtwoworldsfirsttouched.Thespeedofintegrationininternationaltrade/oflessdevelopedcountries/hasbeenslow.Governmentshaveacrucialroletoplay/inpromotingsocialhumandevelopmentand/inprovidingthepoorwiththenecessaryworkingskills.Itisagreatprivilege/whileweareguestsinyourcountry/tobeabletowelcomeyouandtheChinesewhoarepresenthere/asourgueststhisevening.PracticeItisneverthelessma5Iwassurprised/atwhathesaid.Theyhavebeenworkingbusily/since8o’clockinthemorning.Culturalandscientificcontact/wentfromstrengthtostrength/throughthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies.Idon’tbelieve/thattheEuropeaneconomymustfollowtheUSintoadepression.Iwassurprised/atwhathes6焊接在顺译的时候，有时候要在译文的两部分之间加上一点联系语、附加说明、文化注释、背景补充等。有些国家太过分了，认为他们有权干涉香港事务。Afewcountries,however,wenttoofarinthisaspect.TheyunwiselythoughttheyhadtherighttointerfereinHongKong’saffairs.焊接在顺译的时候，有时候要在译文的两部分之间加上一点联系语、7中国的香港特别行政区将要实行“一国两制”的政策和“港人治港”，香港居民将享有高度自治。HongKongwillbeaspecialadministrativeregionandyouwillfindthepolicyof“oneChina,twosystems”and“HongKonggovernedbyHongKongpeople”tobecarriedout.Asaresult,theHongKongpeoplewillenjoyaveryhighlevelofself-government.中国的香港特别行政区将要实行“一国两制”的政策和“港人治港”8“焊接”关键词ifsoasaresultIamsorrytosayIamhappytotellyouhowever“焊接”关键词ifso9功能转换Everystateisthebestjudgeofwhatisrequiredtosafeguarditsnationalsecurity.笔译：每个国家是需要什么来保卫自己国家安全的最好判断者。口译：每个国家自己才能最好的判断需要什么来保卫自己的国家安全。IhopemypresenceheretonightisfurtherproofoftheimportanceweinBritainattachtorelationswithyourgreatcountry.我希望我今晚到这里来，就可以进一步证明我们英国重视和贵国的关系。功能转换Everystateisthebestju10Thesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我满怀向往。n.v.Theywereconsideredinsincere.他们被看做伪君子。a.n.Itissheernonsense.这完全是胡扯。a.ad.Lifeisforonegeneration,agoodnameisforever.生命只能留存一代，但是美名永存于世。ad.v.Thesightandsoundofourjet11PracticeAbetterknowledgeofthelocalculturewillhelpourwork.Reformersneedtangibleevidenceofrisinglivingstandards.Asia-Pacificregionhasbecomeamajorforceforworldeconomicgrowth.Practice12重复为了明确，为了强调，为了生动，我们在翻译的过程中有时重复某个词的概念。Theybegantostudyandanalyzethesituation.他们开始研究情况，分析情况。Eachcountrieshasitsowncustoms.各国有各国的风俗习惯。重复为了明确，为了强调，为了生动，我们在翻译的过程中有时重复13Ihopethatthemeetingwillnotbetoolong,foritwillonlywastetime.HeleftforLondonassoonashereceivedtheinstructionfromhisboss.Chineseindustryhasbecomemuchmorecompetitiveinthelastyearortwo.Ihopethatthemeetingwilln14增译Atthemeetinghemadealongspeech.Thecrowdsmeltedaway.Thebackwardnessshockedme.

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Globalizationalsoposesnumerouspolicychallenges.Chinaisthecradleofanancientandmodernculturethathasinspiredtheworldwithideals.增译Atthemeetinghemadealon15合句将译文的两三个小句子压缩，合成一个句子。Hewasveryclean.Hismindwasopen.In1994,JackmetBen,andtheybecamefriends.Fearless,theyfoughtthelastbattle.合句将译文的两三个小句子压缩，合成一个句子。16耽搁翻译是指某个词语或意思暂且不译，等到下文合适的地方再译。Shestartedworkthenextmorning.她从第二天早晨才开始工作。Weknowthatoxygenisnecessaryforthebreathingofanimalsandplants,andforburning.我们知道，氧气对于动植物的呼吸及燃烧都是必须的。耽搁翻译是指某个词语或意思暂且不译，等到下文合适的地方再译。17PracticeItisalongwayfromPekingtoLondon.Itwillbeverydifficulttomakeadecisionwithoutknowingallthefacts.Theydefinedtheaimoftheorganizationastomakeinternationaltradeakeyinstrumentofeconomicdevelopment.Theglobaleconomycanbehardonthoseunabletobenefitfromitsopportunities.TheUnitedNationsisalsobestplacedtobuildbridgesofcooperationandthenecessarypartnershipfordevelopmentamongGovernments,theprivatesector,civilsocietyandregionalandglobalorganizations.PracticeItisalongwayfrom18省略一般情况下，省略代词、连接词、介词、冠词、以及所有可有可无的词。Weliveandlearn.活到老，学到老。Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.公共场所禁止吸烟。省略一般情况下，省略代词、连接词、介词、冠词、以及所有可有可19PracticeIfIhadknownit,Iwouldnothavecomehere.Thecityhasadensemanufacturingpopulation.That’sgood.Theprofessorhadtocancelhisspeechyesterdaybecausehewasill.LastyearwitnessedahugeincreaseofFDIinthisregion.Iwouldbemostgratefulifyoucouldspeakabitlouder.Thesecountriescovervastterritories,encompassalargepopulationandaboundinnaturalresources.PracticeIfIhadknownit,I20反译反句正译Thereshallbenodevelopmentintheregionwithoutpeaceandstability.Don’tlosetimeinmailingthisletter.Icouldnotagreemorewithyou.Nothingismoredangerousthanhisstrangebehavior.Heisnothingbutagenius.正句反译Thisproblemisaboveme.Thismachineislessexpensive.反译反句正译21前变后——beforeHehadcarefullyreadthroughtheinstructionsbeforedoinghisexperiment.后变前——afterThemeetingwillresumeat5p.m.aftertheexpertshavemetprivately.前变后——before22归纳☆

summarizedconclusionTheauthorhaswrittenmanynovels,essaysandplaysonsocialproblems.

predictiveconclusionIthinkChinarealizesit’sinitsself-interestthatHongKongcontinuestobeaviableeconomicentitythatisrelativelyautonomous.

briefconclusionIwouldfailinmydutyifIdidnotexpressthedeepdistressofmygovernmentatthenewsreachingusofthedeathoftheyoungblackleader.Aeroplanescarrypassengerstovariouspartsoftheworldinalmostasmanyhoursasittakesdaystodothejourneybyothermeans.归纳☆

summarizedconclusion23语气（口译特有）1．OneofthemostimportantwaysofearningmoneyinthesouthofChinaisbykeepingsilkworm.笔译：在中国南方，养蚕是一种最重要的生财之道。口译：一种重要的生财之道，在中国南方，就是养蚕。2．Manygreatwriterswerenotappreciatedfullywhiletheywerealive.笔译：许多伟大作家在世时，并未得到充分的赏识。口译：许多伟大作家并未得到充分赏识，在他们在世时。3．Hisstoryisasinterestingandintellectuallystimulatingasyours.4．Ilookforwardtopursuingthisimportantmatterwithyoutomorrow.语气（口译特有）1．Oneofthemostimpo24其他技巧语用对等pragmaticequivalenceHowdoyoudo?－你是怎么做的？“你儿子学习成绩很好。”“哪有这么好。”“Yoursonisatopstudent.”“Thankyou.”3.吃了吗？/上哪儿去？Howareyoudoing?/Nicetomeetyouhere.其他技巧语用对等pragmaticequivalence25专有名词泛化AShakespeare一个大文豪/剧作家aShylock贪婪，不择手段的守财奴aFrankenstein一个搬石头砸自己脚的人/自作自受/人形怪物，自找烦恼者Achillesheel致命弱点aPandora’sbox灾难、麻烦、祸害的根源专有名词泛化AShakespeare一个大文豪/剧作家26aSolomon一个聪明人/贤人aJudas一个犹大/叛徒（akissofdeath犹大出卖耶稣时吻了耶稣）asAmericanasapplepie美国式的anIvyLeaguer名牌大学学生（常春藤盟校学生，Harvard,Yale,Princeton,Columbia,Pennsylvania,Cornell,Dartmouth,Brown）aSolomon一个聪明人/贤人27I’drathernotgotothecinemawithyouifyoudon’tmind.我不想陪你看电影了，请原谅。拆句：把原文的主从复合句译成了两个独立的分句。MorepracticeI’drathernotgotothecinem28Duringtheperiodofthisagreement,bothpartiesshouldstrictlyabidebythetermsandconditionsofthisagreement.在该合同有效期内，双方必须严格遵守该合同的协议条款。省略：省了andconditionsDuringtheperiodofthisagre29Twoweeksago,Chinahadthe10thlargesteconomyintheworld.两个星期以前，中国在世界经济强国排名榜上的名次是第10位。功能转换：had换成“是”Twoweeksago,Chinahadthe130Hewasmucholderthanmymotherwhentheymarried,anddiedsixmonthsbeforeIwasborn.爸爸比我妈妈大好多岁，他死之后过了六个月我才出生。省略：“结婚”，靠全句的内涵表达换词：before译成“才”Hewasmucholderthanmymoth31Grandmaconsideredhehadmadea

mistakeinmarryingaveryyounggirl.奶奶觉得他不该娶这么年轻的老婆。功能转换：madeamistake，“不该”Grandmaconsideredhehadmade32Itwasacold,windyFridayafternooninMarch.记得那天冷风习习，是三月的一个礼拜五的下午。增译：记得拆句：两个相对独立的分句Itwasacold,windyFridayaf33ButperhapsIwilldie

beforeIbecomeamother.也许我还会短命，压根就做不了妈妈。意译：把die译成“短命”正说反译：before译成“不”ButperhapsIwilldiebefore34IwasveryexcitedwhenIclimbedintothecart,althoughitwassadsayinggoodbyetomymother.我迫不及待地爬上马车，不过心里也不是滋味，舍不得离开妈妈。功能转换：谓语译成状语拆句：原句的让步状语从句变成相对独立的两个分句换词：it译成“（我）心里”IwasveryexcitedwhenIclim35Hecriedoutangrily,andbegantohitmeashardashecould.他气得嗷嗷直叫，就开始往死里揍我。耽搁翻译：原句的hit留到后面再译Hecriedoutangrily,andbega36Iwaslyingsoreandbleedingonthefloor.我躺在地上，全身疼痛，还流了血。预测翻译：要“躺”就会躺在地上Iwaslyingsoreandbleeding37Infact,Iwasalmostpleasedwhenitwastimetoreturntoschool.说心里话，我真巴不得早点返校呢。意译Infact,Iwasalmostpleased3812.ButaterribledisasterwastobefallBeethoven.可是，一场可怕的灾难就要降临到贝多芬的头上了。增译：增加“的头上”12.Butaterribledisasterwa3913.In1827,hediedduringathunderstorm.1827年，他死了，当时暴风骤雨，电闪雷鸣。拆句、重复13.In1827,hediedduringa4014.Readingcanonlybefun,ifyouexpectittobe.若想让读书有乐趣，你必须希望书中有乐趣。句型转换：原句的主句成了分句，原句的分句成了主句14.Readingcanonlybefun,i4115.Women,whocanlivewiththem?Whocanlivewithoutthem?女人啊，没有人能和她们一起生活！可是离开她们，让我怎么活！句式转换：疑问句变感叹句business4maggie@ningwei_wang@Ps:iloveenglishEndfortheory15.Women,whocanlivewitht42ChangesinthethirdeditionPassagepageImportance2-3宴会招待58★★★2-4参观访问61★★★3-4文化差异83★★★3-1欢迎光临75★★★3-2投资意向77★★★5-3共创未来132★★★6-3开幕祝词153★★★6-4展望未来156★★★7-1绿色城市171★★★8-1丝绸之路192★★★8-2传统节日194★★★8-3教育之本197★★★9-1强市之路218★★★9-3大学精神227★★★10-2环境保护249★★★12-4社区服务305★★★14-1双边经贸347★★★14-2亚洲合作350★★★14-4经济关系354★★★ChangesinthethirdeditionPa432-1机场迎宾 54★★2-2宾馆入住56★★4-1行在美国100★★4-3经营之道107★★4-4音乐天才111★★5-4新的长征135★★6-1新春联欢150★★9-2广而误之224★★9-4继往开来231★★10-3迎接挑战252★★10-4习武健身256★★11-2人机之争277★★11-4股票市场285★★12-1语用能力299★★12-2文化冲突301★★12-3书法艺术303★★13-1企业文化321★★15-1睡眠与梦373★★15-3遗传信息378★★15-4左脑之优380★★16-2进化本质396★★16-3蚊虫之祸399★★16-4用筷技艺401★★2-1机场迎宾 54★★11-2人机之443-3合资企业80 ★4-2艾滋哀之104★5-1故地重游127★5-2愉悦之旅129★6-2圣诞晚会151★7-2浪漫香槟174★7-3游客之居177★7-4教堂之游179★8-4出版王者200★10-1第二文化247★11-1语言系统275★11-3生物革命280★13-2认识债券325★13-3硅谷之贵329★13-4专利法规333★14-3外资企业352★15-2音响今昔375★16-1汉语概要394★3-3合资企业80 ★10-1第二文化45礼仪类口译称呼发言时一般以“Ladiesandgentlemen”开头，如果有重要人物在场，一般从最高级别的人称呼开始。YourExcellency,阁下Your/His/Hermajesty陛下Your/His/HerHighness/Excellency/RoyalHighness殿下/阁下Your/His/HerHonor/Excellency/Madam尊敬的大法官/阁下/夫人Mr.Smith,LadiesandGentlemen,Mr.andMrs.Smith("Dr.andMrs.Green"ifapplicable)礼仪类口译称呼46Examples:YourMajesties,YourRoyalHighnesses,Excellencies,MembersoftheNorwegianNobelCommittee,ladiesandgentlemen,国王和王后陛下，各位殿下，各位阁下，挪威诺贝尔委员会各位成员，女士们先生们：DistinguishedGuests,ladiesandgentlemen贵宾们，女士们先生们Excellencies,valuedpartners,ladiesandgentlemen各位贵宾，尊敬的合作伙伴，女士们先生们Examples:47感谢辞–模版句Onbehalfof…(allthemembersofmydelegation)andinmyownname,inthenameof…I‘dliketoexpress/extend(myheartfeltthanks/warmgratitude/heartygratefulness/sincerethanks)toyouandthroughyoutoMr.Smithforyourkindinvitation(tovisitChina/tothisfair.)

/kindhospitality

/warmwelcome

/forgivingthisgrandbanquet.

forinvitingustosuchamarvelousdinnertonight.感谢辞–模版句Onbehalfof…(allthe48感谢辞–高频短句Atthejoyousmoment/timeof_____,I,onbehalfof_____,wouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmyheartfelt/sincerethanksto______who______.Now,mayIaskyoutojoinmeinatoastto_____,cheers!感谢辞–高频短句Atthejoyousmoment49感谢辞–例句我愿借此机会向你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。☆I'dliketotakeadvantageofthisopportunitytoexpressmyearnestgratitudeforyourhelp.我愿向你们盛情的接待与款待表示衷心的感谢。☆Ishouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudeforyourgraciousreceptionandhospitality.请接受我们对你友好邀请的真诚感谢。☆Pleaseacceptoursincerethanksforyourkindinvitation.

感谢辞–例句我愿借此机会向你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。50非常感谢你们给我这个极好的机会让我来访问这个美丽的城市并和你们共事。Thankyouverymuchforgivingmesuchanexcellentopportunitytovisitthisbeautifulcityandworkwithyou.我非常高兴和你们再次相聚。Iamveryhappytohavethissecondchanceofjoyfulgatheringwithyou.Permitmefirsttothankyou,ourChinesehosts,foryourextraordinaryarrangementsandhospitality.MywifeandI,aswellasourentireparty,aredeeplygrateful.首先，请允许我感谢中国东道主的精心安排与好客，我夫人与我，以及代表团的全体人员，都深为感激。非常感谢你们给我这个极好的机会让我来访问这个美丽的城市并和你51Thankyouverymuchforyourkindwordsofwelcome.Thisisahappyandmemorableoccasionformepersonallyaswellasforthemembersofmydelegation.我非常感谢阁下的友好欢迎辞，对我本人以及代表团所有成员来说，这是愉快而难忘的一天。Inclosing,mayIsayagainhowdelightedandprivilegedwearetobeinyourcountry.Wearedeeplygratefulforwhatyouhavedoneforussinceourarrivalinyourcountry.在我结束讲话之前，我想再说一遍，我们来贵国作客是多么的愉快和荣幸。对于我们抵达贵国后你们为我们所做的一切，我们深表感谢。Thankyouverymuchforyourk52Howtoexpress“感谢”thank

Iwouldliketothankourhost,theShanghaiLibrary,inparticulartheDirectoroftheLibrary,Dr.Wu,forthesupporthehasshownthisproject.我想谢谢我们的主办方:上海图书馆.特别是上海图书馆馆长吴博士对于这次活动设想的支持.我想同时也感谢在座的各位学生给我这个机会跟大家见面,谈一谈我自己的国家,并且回答大家的一些问题.Ialsothankthestudentshereforthisopportunitytomeetwithyou,totalkalittlebitaboutmycountryandanswersomeofyourquestions.Howtoexpress“感谢”thank53Howtoexpress“感谢”expressmygratitudeto/begratefulfor

AndIwouldlikeonbehalfofallAustralians,toexpressmygratitudetoToyotaforhavingbeensuchamagnificentcorporatecitizeninAustralia.Ireallydowanttoexpressourgratitudeforthecontributionthatyourcompanyhasmadetothemotorindustryinthiscountry.我希望代表所有的澳大利亚人民，向丰田汽车表示感谢,感谢它成为澳大利亚的一部分,意义重大.我真的想感谢你们公司对这个国家汽车工业所做出的贡献.Howtoexpress“感谢”expres54Iamgratefulforyourhospitality,andhonoredbythisreceptionatoneofChina’sgreatuniversities.非常感谢各位对我的热情接待,很荣幸能够来到中国,来到这座中国最伟大的学府之一.Tothem,Ioffermymostprofoundgratitude.我对他们表示最深的感激。Iamgratefulforyourhospita55Howtoexpress“感谢”paytributeto

AndtheotherthingIwanttopaytributetoisthespiritofcooperationthat’salwaysexistedbetweenToyotaandthegovernment,notonlyoftheCommonwealthbutalsoofthevariousstates.还有我想说的是我对丰田汽车与政府间的合作精神表示赞赏,不仅对于英联邦政府,而且还有各个不同的州政府.Howtoexpress“感谢”paytr56Howtoexpress“感谢”acknowledgeIwouldalsoliketoacknowledgeDrBrainKennedy,DirectoroftheNationalGalleryofAustraliawhoiswithusheretodayfordonatinganumberofsplendidbooksonAustralianarttothecollection.我也想感谢一下在现场的布莱恩·肯尼迪博士，澳大利亚国家美术馆馆长，他捐赠了许多有关澳大利亚艺术的珍贵书籍。Howtoexpress“感谢”acknow57Howtoexpress“感谢”appreciateIappreciategreatlytheopportunitytotalkatthisillustriousUniversity,aninstituteoflearningwithwhichAustraliaisdevelopingandadmirablycloserelationship.我很感谢有机会在这个杰出的大学发表演讲，澳大利亚正在同这所高等学府发展极为密切的关系。Howtoexpress“感谢”apprec58Howtoexpress“感谢”oweHumanityowesyouthismarvelousadventurethatistheOlympicGames,created28centuriesagoinOlympia.全人类感谢你们28个世纪前在奥林匹亚创造奥运会这一伟大奇迹。Endof4thHowtoexpress“感谢”oweHum59IntermediateinterpretationSyntacticLinearity(顺句驱动)

InterpretingpracticeIntermediateinterpretationSyn60Iamhappytoseeyouall.我很高兴见到你们大家。Theaccidentwasoccurredatabout4:30intheafternoonof13September,1848,nearthesmallcityofIrvine,California.这起事故发生在1848年9月13号下午4点30分左右，地点是加利福尼亚州的埃尔文小镇附近。Iamhappytoseeyouall.61顺译技巧焊接、功能转换、拆句、句型转换、耽搁翻译、特别符号、预测翻译、换词、省略、重复、增译、直译、意译、语意对等、合句、正说反译顺译技巧焊接、功能转换、拆句、句型转换、耽搁翻译、特别符号62拆句/断句把一句话分成几句话或者几个半句来译。Iwishtothankyouforyourverygraciousandeloquentremarks.Hefindsthistripveryexciting.IcometoChina/atanimportanttime.拆句/断句把一句话分成几句话或者几个半句来译。63PracticeItisneverthelessmanyyearssince/ourtwoworldsfirsttouched.Thespeedofintegrationininternationaltrade/oflessdevelopedcountries/hasbeenslow.Governmentshaveacrucialroletoplay/inpromotingsocialhumandevelopmentand/inprovidingthepoorwiththenecessaryworkingskills.Itisagreatprivilege/whileweareguestsinyourcountry/tobeabletowelcomeyouandtheChinesewhoarepresenthere/asourgueststhisevening.PracticeItisneverthelessma64Iwassurprised/atwhathesaid.Theyhavebeenworkingbusily/since8o’clockinthemorning.Culturalandscientificcontact/wentfromstrengthtostrength/throughthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies.Idon’tbelieve/thattheEuropeaneconomymustfollowtheUSintoadepression.Iwassurprised/atwhathes65焊接在顺译的时候，有时候要在译文的两部分之间加上一点联系语、附加说明、文化注释、背景补充等。有些国家太过分了，认为他们有权干涉香港事务。Afewcountries,however,wenttoofarinthisaspect.TheyunwiselythoughttheyhadtherighttointerfereinHongKong’saffairs.焊接在顺译的时候，有时候要在译文的两部分之间加上一点联系语、66中国的香港特别行政区将要实行“一国两制”的政策和“港人治港”，香港居民将享有高度自治。HongKongwillbeaspecialadministrativeregionandyouwillfindthepolicyof“oneChina,twosystems”and“HongKonggovernedbyHongKongpeople”tobecarriedout.Asaresult,theHongKongpeoplewillenjoyaveryhighlevelofself-government.中国的香港特别行政区将要实行“一国两制”的政策和“港人治港”67“焊接”关键词ifsoasaresultIamsorrytosayIamhappytotellyouhowever“焊接”关键词ifso68功能转换Everystateisthebestjudgeofwhatisrequiredtosafeguarditsnationalsecurity.笔译：每个国家是需要什么来保卫自己国家安全的最好判断者。口译：每个国家自己才能最好的判断需要什么来保卫自己的国家安全。IhopemypresenceheretonightisfurtherproofoftheimportanceweinBritainattachtorelationswithyourgreatcountry.我希望我今晚到这里来，就可以进一步证明我们英国重视和贵国的关系。功能转换Everystateisthebestju69Thesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我满怀向往。n.v.Theywereconsideredinsincere.他们被看做伪君子。a.n.Itissheernonsense.这完全是胡扯。a.ad.Lifeisforonegeneration,agoodnameisforever.生命只能留存一代，但是美名永存于世。ad.v.Thesightandsoundofourjet70PracticeAbetterknowledgeofthelocalculturewillhelpourwork.Reformersneedtangibleevidenceofrisinglivingstandards.Asia-Pacificregionhasbecomeamajorforceforworldeconomicgrowth.Practice71重复为了明确，为了强调，为了生动，我们在翻译的过程中有时重复某个词的概念。Theybegantostudyandanalyzethesituation.他们开始研究情况，分析情况。Eachcountrieshasitsowncustoms.各国有各国的风俗习惯。重复为了明确，为了强调，为了生动，我们在翻译的过程中有时重复72Ihopethatthemeetingwillnotbetoolong,foritwillonlywastetime.HeleftforLondonassoonashereceivedtheinstructionfromhisboss.Chineseindustryhasbecomemuchmorecompetitiveinthelastyearortwo.Ihopethatthemeetingwilln73增译Atthemeetinghemadealongspeech.Thecrowdsmeltedaway.Thebackwardnessshockedme.

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Globalizationalsoposesnumerouspolicychallenges.Chinaisthecradleofanancientandmodernculturethathasinspiredtheworldwithideals.增译Atthemeetinghemadealon74合句将译文的两三个小句子压缩，合成一个句子。Hewasveryclean.Hismindwasopen.In1994,JackmetBen,andtheybecamefriends.Fearless,theyfoughtthelastbattle.合句将译文的两三个小句子压缩，合成一个句子。75耽搁翻译是指某个词语或意思暂且不译，等到下文合适的地方再译。Shestartedworkthenextmorning.她从第二天早晨才开始工作。Weknowthatoxygenisnecessaryforthebreathingofanimalsandplants,andforburning.我们知道，氧气对于动植物的呼吸及燃烧都是必须的。耽搁翻译是指某个词语或意思暂且不译，等到下文合适的地方再译。76PracticeItisalongwayfromPekingtoLondon.Itwillbeverydifficulttomakeadecisionwithoutknowingallthefacts.Theydefinedtheaimoftheorganizationastomakeinternationaltradeakeyinstrumentofeconomicdevelopment.Theglobaleconomycanbehardonthoseunabletobenefitfromitsopportunities.TheUnitedNationsisalsobestplacedtobuildbridgesofcooperationandthenecessarypartnershipfordevelopmentamongGovernments,theprivatesector,civilsocietyandregionalandglobalorganizations.PracticeItisalongwayfrom77省略一般情况下，省略代词、连接词、介词、冠词、以及所有可有可无的词。Weliveandlearn.活到老，学到老。Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.公共场所禁止吸烟。省略一般情况下，省略代词、连接词、介词、冠词、以及所有可有可78PracticeIfIhadknownit,Iwouldnothavecomehere.Thecityhasadensemanufacturingpopulation.That’sgood.Theprofessorhadtocancelhisspeechyesterdaybecausehewasill.LastyearwitnessedahugeincreaseofFDIinthisregion.Iwouldbemostgratefulifyoucouldspeakabitlouder.Thesecountriescovervastterritories,encompassalargepopulationandaboundinnaturalresources.PracticeIfIhadknownit,I79反译反句正译Thereshallbenodevelopmentintheregionwithoutpeaceandstability.Don’tlosetimeinmailingthisletter.Icouldnotagreemorewithyou.Nothingismoredangerousthanhisstrangebehavior.Heisnothingbutagenius.正句反译Thisproblemisaboveme.Thismachineislessexpensive.反译反句正译80前变后——beforeHehadcarefullyreadthroughtheinstructionsbeforedoinghisexperiment.后变前——afterThemeetingwillresumeat5p.m.aftertheexpertshavemetprivately.前变后——before81归纳☆

summarizedconclusionTheauthorhaswrittenmanynovels,essaysandplaysonsocialproblems.

predictiveconclusionIthinkChinarealizesit’sinitsself-interestthatHongKongcontinuestobeaviableeconomicentitythatisrelativelyautonomous.

briefconclusionIwouldfailinmydutyifIdidnotexpressthedeepdistressofmygovernmentatthenewsreachingusofthedeathoftheyoungblackleader.Aeroplanescarrypassengerstovariouspartsoftheworldinalmostasmanyhoursasittakesdaystodothejourneybyothermeans.归纳☆

summarizedconclusion82语气（口译特有）1．OneofthemostimportantwaysofearningmoneyinthesouthofChinaisbykeepingsilkworm.笔译：在中国南方，养蚕是一种最重要的生财之道。口译：一种重要的生财之道，在中国南方，就是养蚕。2．Manygreatwriterswerenotappreciatedfullywhiletheywerealive.笔译：许多伟大作家在世时，并未得到充分的赏识。口译：许多伟大作家并未得到充分赏识，在他们在世时。3．Hisstoryisasinterestingandintellectuallystimulatingasyours.4．Ilookforwardtopursuingthisimportantmatterwithyoutomorrow.语气（口译特有）1．Oneofthemostimpo83其他技巧语用对等pragmaticequivalenceHowdoyoudo?－你是怎么做的？“你儿子学习成绩很好。”“哪有这么好。”“Yoursonisatopstudent.”“Thankyou.”3.吃了吗？/上哪儿去？Howareyoudoing?/Nicetomeetyouhere.其他技巧语用对等pragmaticequivalence84专有名词泛化AShakespeare一个大文豪/剧作家aShylock贪婪，不择手段的守财奴aFrankenstein一个搬石头砸自己脚的人/自作自受/人形怪物，自找烦恼者Achillesheel致命弱点aPandora’sbox灾难、麻烦、祸害的根源专有名词泛化AShakespeare一个大文豪/剧作家85aSolomon一个聪明人/贤人aJudas一个犹大/叛徒（akissofdeath犹大出卖耶稣时吻了耶稣）asAmericanasapplepie美国式的anIvyLeaguer名牌大学学生（常春藤盟校学生，Harvard,Yale,Princeton,Columbia,Pennsylvania,Cornell,Dartmouth,Brown）aSolomon一个聪明人/贤人86I’drathernotgotothecinemawithyouifyoudon’tmind.我不想陪你看电影了，请原谅。拆句：把原文的主从复合句译成了两个独立的分句。MorepracticeI’drathernotgotothecinem87Duringtheperiodofthisagreement,bothpartiesshouldstrictlyabidebythetermsandconditionsofthisagreement.在该合同有效期内，双方必须严格遵守该合同的协议条款。省略：省了andconditionsDuringtheperiodofthisagre88Twoweeksago,Chinahadthe10thlargesteconomyintheworld.两个星期以前，中国在世界经济强国排名榜上的名次是第10位。功能转换：had换成“是”Twoweeksago,Chinahadthe189Hewasmucholderthanmymotherwhentheymarried,anddiedsixmonthsbeforeIwasborn.爸爸比我妈妈大好多岁，他死之后过了六个月我才出生。省略：“结婚”，靠全句的内涵表达换词：before译成“才”Hewasmucholderthanmymoth90Grandmaconsideredhehadmadea

mistakeinmarryingaveryyounggirl.奶奶觉得他不该娶这么年轻的老婆。功能转换：madeamistake，“不该”Grandmaconsideredhehadmade91Itwasacold,windyFridayafternooninMarch.记得那天冷风习习，是三月的一个礼拜五的下午。增译：记得拆句：两个相对独立的分句Itwasacold,windyFridayaf92ButperhapsIwilldie

beforeIbecomeamother.也许我还会短命，压根就做不了妈妈。意译：把die译成“短命”正说反译：before译成“不”ButperhapsIwilldiebefore93IwasveryexcitedwhenIclimbedintothecart,althoughitwassadsayinggoodbyetomymother.我迫不及待地爬上马车，不过心里也不是滋味，舍不得离开妈妈。功能转换：谓语译成状语拆句：原句的让步状语从句变成相对独立的两个分句换词：it译成“（我）心里”IwasveryexcitedwhenIclim94Hecriedoutangrily,andbegantohitmeashardashecould.他气得嗷嗷直叫，就开始往死里揍我。耽搁翻译：原句的hit留到后面再译Hecriedoutangrily,andbega95Iwaslyingsoreandbleedingonthefloor.我躺在地上，全身疼痛，还流了血。预测翻译：要“躺”就会躺在地上Iwaslyingsoreandbleeding96Infact,Iwasalmostpleasedwhenitwastimetoreturntoschool.说心里话，我真巴不得早点返校呢。意译Infact,Iwasalmostpleased9712.ButaterribledisasterwastobefallBeethoven.可是，一场可怕的灾难就要降临到贝多芬的头上了。增译：增加“的头上”12.Butaterribledisasterwa9813.In1827,hediedduringathunderstorm.1827年，他死了，当时暴风骤雨，电闪雷鸣。拆句、重复13.In1827,hediedduringa9914.Readingcanonlybefun,ifyouexpectittobe.若想让读书有乐趣，你必须希望书中有乐趣。句型转换：原句的主句成了分句，原句的分句成了主句14.Readingcanonlybefun,i10015.Women,whocanlivewiththem?Whocanlivewithoutthem?女人啊，没有人能和她们一起生活！可是离开她们，让我怎么活！句式转换：疑问句变感叹句business4maggie@ningwei_wang@Ps:iloveenglishEndfortheory15.Women,whocanlivewitht101ChangesinthethirdeditionPassagepageImportance2-3宴会招待58★★★2-4参观访问61★★★3-4文化差异83★★★3-1欢迎光临75★★★3-2投资意向77★★★5-3共创未来132★★★6-3开幕祝词153★★★6-4展望未来156★★★7-1绿色城市171★★★8-1丝绸之路192★★★8-2传统节日194★★★8-3教育之本197★★★9-1强市之路218★★★9-3大学精神227★★★10-2环境保护249★★★12-4社区服务305★★★14-1双边经贸347★★★14-2亚洲合作350★★★14-4经济关系354★★★ChangesinthethirdeditionPa1022-1机场迎宾 54★★2-2宾馆入住56★★4-1行在美国100★★4-3经营之道107★★4-4音乐天才111★★5-4新的长征135★★6-1新春联欢150★★9-2广而误之224★★9-4继往开来231★★10-3迎接挑战252★★10-4习武健身256★★11-2人机之争277