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EnglishGrammarUnitTwoNounEnglishGrammarUnitTwo11、可数(countable)与不可数(uncountable)名词的转换;2、名词的单(singular)、复数(pluralform);3、名词作定语(复合名词);4、名词的搭配;5、名词的属格;6、词语辨析。Importance1、可数(countable)与不可数(uncountabl2专有名词(ProperNouns)普通名词(CommonNouns)个体名词(IndividualNouns)集体名词(CollectiveNouns)物质名词(MaterialNouns)抽象名词(AbstractNouns)不可数名词(UncountableNouns)可数名词(CountableNouns)名词的种类专有名词(ProperNouns)普通名词个体名词(Ind3可数名词与不可数名词countablanduncountable可数名词与不可数名词4Q1:

Hegainedhis_____byprinting_____offamouswriters.A.wealth;work B.wealths;works C.wealths;work D.wealth;works抽象名词和物质名词被称为不可数名词。本题中wealth为不可数名词,works作“作品”解,属单复数同形的可数名词。otherun.(consultConP.13)

ThendoEx.A,onP14.

Q1:抽象名词和物质名词被称为不可数名词。本题中weal5名词的可数与不可数之间的转化名词的可数与不可数之间的转化61.Ineed______cloth,forI'mhopingtomake______clothes.A.alotof;many

B.much;much

C.many;many

D.many;alot

2.Wewaited______forthebus.A.longtime

B.alongtime

C.thelongtime

D.somelongtime

3._____workhasbeendonetoimprovethepeople‘slivingstandard.

A.ManyB.Agreatmany

C.Alargenumberof

D.Agreatdealof

4.Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook______picturesofthem.

A.manyof

B.massesof

C.thenumberof

D.alargeamountof

5.Wehaveonlyasofa,atableandabedinournewapartment.Weneedtobuy______morefurniture.

A.any

B.many

C.little

D.some

ABDBD1.Ineed______cloth,forI'm76.Ihear_______boysinyourschoollikeplayingfootballintheirsparetime,thoughotherspreferbasketball.A.quitealot

B.quiteafew

C.quiteabit

D.quitealittle

7.Wealwayskeep________sparepaper,incaseweranout.

A.toomuch

B.anumberof

C.plentyof

D.agoodmany

8.Manypeopleagreethat____ofEnglishisamustininternationaltradetoday.A.aknowledgeB.knowledgesC.knowledgeD.theknowledgeBC1.有些物质名词表示不同种类时可以有复数形式。如,fishes,fruits,teas,allweathers。

2.有些抽象名词表示具体的事物时,是可数名词。如,shame/pity(憾事),interest(乐事),pleasure(乐事),surprise(意外事),disappointment(令人失望的人或事),success(成功的人或事),difficulty(难事),help(帮手)等。A不可数名词与可数名词的转换6.Ihear_______boysinyour83.表示“一场/段/件/种……”时,要用a或an,此时多有形容词或of短语修饰。如,afinerain(一阵细雨),aheavysnow(一场大雪),alongtime(很长一段时间)。4.表示“一杯/罐/瓶”的tea,coffee,drink,beer等,可以用a(n)或数词修饰,也有复数形式。如twoteasandacoffee(两杯茶和一杯咖啡);5.有的名词可数与否由意思而定。如:

paperglasstimeexerciseexperienceroom

见下页3.表示“一场/段/件/种……”时,要用a或an,此时多有9有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。glass(玻璃)copper(铜)tin(锡)paper(纸)iron(铁)wood(木头)gold(金子)youth(青春)power(力量)beauty(美)pleasure(愉快)relation(关系)aglass(玻璃杯)acopper(铜币/板)atin(罐头)apaper(报纸,证件,论文)aniron(熨斗)awood(树林)agold(金牌)ayouth(年青人)apower(大国)abeauty(美人,美的东西)apleasure(使人感到愉快的事)arelation(亲戚)有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。glass(玻璃10

英语中有许多对词,一个可数,一个不可数。apoem(一首诗)amachine(一台机器)ajob(一件工作)alaugh(一个笑声)apermit(许可证)agarment(一件衣裳)abag(case)(一件行李)aloaf(一只面包)ahair(一根头发)poetry(诗歌总称)machinery(机器总称)work(工作)laughter(笑声)permission(允许)clothing(衣裳总称)luggage,baggage(行李)bread(面包)hair(头发)DoEx2onP16英语中有许多对词,一个可数,一个不可数。apoem(一首11名词的单复数singularandplural名词的单复数12Question

1:---Howmany

doesacowhave?---Four.A.stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D.stomachies

以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的名词变复数时加–es;但如果以–ch结尾的名词发音为[k]时,只加–s。另外,以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,需将y变成i,再加-es;以元音字母+y结尾的则直接加-s。以辅音字母加y结尾的专有名词变复数时,也直接加-s。Question1:以s,sh,ch13Question

2:

The______ofthebuildingarecoveredwithlotsof______.A.roofs;leaves B.rooves;leafs C.roof;leaf D.roofs;leafs以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:

a.加s,如:serf---serfsbelief---beliefsroof---roofschief---chiefssafe---safes

gulf---gulfs;

b.去f,fe加ves,如:half---halves

knife---knives

leaf---leaves

wolf---wolveswife---wives

life---lives

thief---thieves;

c.均可,如:handkerchief---handkerchiefs/handkerchievesQuestion2:以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:14Question3:

Whenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthree______missing.A.sheepsB.sheepesC.sheepD.sheepies

当sheep;deer;fish表示数量时,单复数同形;如果表示不同种类,则需加–s或–es。

单复数同形的名词有:

deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swissworks,means,headQuestion3:当sheep;de15Question

4:

Some______visitedourschoollastWednesday.A.German B.Germen C.Germans D.Germens国家人的名词需要记住三种情况:1、单复数同形:Chinese;Japanese;Swiss2、需要变形:English-Englishman3、加–s或-es:German–Germans详见下表。Question4:国家人的名词需要记住三种情况:166.不同国家的人的单复数名称总称(谓语用复数)一个人两个人

中国人theChinese

aChinese

twoChinese

瑞士人theSwiss

aSwiss

twoSwiss

澳大利亚人theAustralians

anAustraliantwoAustralians

俄国人theRussians

aRussian

twoRussians

意大利人theItalians

anItalian

twoItalians

希腊人theGreek

aGreek

twoGreeks

法国人theFrench

aFrenchman

twoFrenchmen

日本人theJapanese

aJapanese

twoJapanese

美国人theAmericans

anAmerican

twoAmericans

印度人theIndians

anIndian

twoIndians

加拿大人theCanadians

aCanadian

twoCanadians

德国人theGermans

aGermans

twoGermans

英国人theEnglish

anEnglishman

twoEnglishmen

瑞典人theSwedish

aSwede

twoSwedes

6.不同国家的人的单复数17Question

5:

1.Theparticularcattle______visitedbyourschoollastWednesday.A.is B.are

C.WasD.were2.This_____mustbetakenimmediately.A.meansB.meanC.meaningD.meanings3.单复数同形的名称:antelope

羚羊,bison

野牛,buffalo

水牛,crab

螃蟹,deer

,fish

鱼,reindeer

驯鹿,

sheep

绵羊;Burmese

缅甸人,Cantonese

广东人,Chinese

中国人,counsel

法律顾问,

kin

亲属,Japanese

日本人,Swiss瑞士人;aircraft

飞机,craft

飞机,spacecraft

太船;

score

二十;series

系列;species种类;means方法

,brace(双;对),

head(牛羊等的头数),précis(文章梗概),

series(丛

书;系列),

species(物种),

works(工厂,工事)

bellows(风箱)等。

ReadtherelatedcontentsonP.16-18.ThendoEx.3andA,Ex.4.Question5:3.单复数同形的名称:184.只有复数形式的名词

trousers,pants裤子,shorts短裤

,glasses,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子,traffic

lights交通灯,sports,people,police,cattle,fireworks,goods,belongings,earnings,savings,surroundings,valuables,outskirts.[]5.单数形式和复数形式的词义不同的名词

如:

air(空气)---airs(气派,架势)

arm(手臂)---arms(武器)

ash(灰)---ashes(骨灰;废墟)

authority(权利)---authorities(当局

)cloth(织物)---clothes(衣服)

content(含量)---contents(目录)

custom(习惯)---customs(海关;关税)

damage(损害)---damages(赔偿金)force(力量)---forces(武装部队)

glass(玻璃)---glasses(眼镜)

good(利益)---goods(货物)

green(绿色)---greens(青菜)

letter(字母)---letters(文学)

manner(方式)---manners(举止,仪态)

minute(分钟)---minutes(记录)

pain(痛苦)---pains(劳苦)

paper(纸)---papers(文件)

quarter(1/4)---quarters(住处,岗位)spectacle(光景)---spectacles(眼镜)

spirit(精神)---

spirits(烈性酒)

4.只有复数形式的名词

trousers,pants裤子,19DoB,Ex6onP20.DoB,Ex6onP20.20名词作定语CompoundNouns复合名词名词作定语21Lookat2)复合名词的复数onP21,andthendoThefollowingexercise:复合名词的复数:1.mander-in-chief5.womandriverLookat2)复合名词的复数onP21,an22Q1:The______isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon’tmissit.A.bicycle’sshop B.bicycleshopC.bicyclesshop D.bicycles’shop名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。

1)用复数作定语。

如:sportsmeeting运动会

studentsreading-room学生阅览室

talkstable谈判桌

theforeignlanguagesdepartment外语系

2)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。

如:goodstrain(货车)armsproduce武器生产

customspapers海关文件clothesbrush衣刷Q1:名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。

1)用复23Q2:Ittookusquitealongtimetogethere.Itwas________journey.

A.three-hour B.athreehourC.athree-hour D.threehours“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。

如:

aten-milewalk;afive-yearplan

但是如果不用连字符,就需用复数的所有格。

Thevillageisfarawayfromhereindeed.It’s_____walk.

A.afourhour B.afourhour'sC.afour-hours D.afourhours'Q2:“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时,这个名词一般保留24名词的属格GenitiveCase名词的属格251.MissSmithisafriendof________.

A.Mary'smother's

B.Mary'smother

C.Mother'sofMary

D.Marymother's2.-Where’syourbrother?-At_____.A.Mr.Green’s

B.Mr.Green

C.theMr.Green’s

D.theMr.Green3.—Iwonderwhosebicycleitis.

—Itmightbemy________

A.neighbour's

B.dearneighbour

C.neighbour

D.neighbours

名词的所有格AAA名词的所有格有两种形式:’s式和of式。一般说来,表示有生命的名词和表示时间、国家、距离等的名词的所有格用’s,如Mary’smother,today’snews;表示无生命的事物名词的所有格用of,如thecoverofthebook。但还须注意以下几点:1.MissSmithisafriendof___26一个名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到,往往可以省略,避免前后重复。如:

Thisisnotmypen,butMary’s.有时某些’s结尾的所有格形式可以表示地点,如某人的家或店铺、教堂等:

WecanmeetatMary’s.Hewenttohissister’sfordinneryesterday.Ihadthedressmadeatthetailor’satthecornerofthestreet.LastweekwevisitedSt.Paul’s.一个名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到,往往可以省略,避27属格形式应用场合举例用在表示有生命的名词后TomandMike'sroom(两人共有)Tom'sandMike'srooms(两人分别所有)用在时间名词后threeweeks'leave,today'spaper's属格用在距离,长度名词后twentymiles'journey用在地点名词后China'sindustry用在天体名词后theearth'ssurface用在价格名词后adollar‘sworth详见2)onP.23anddoEx.8of属格用在表无生命事物名词后thedoorofourclassroom双重属格名词前有a,some,any,few,no,several等词修饰时afriendofmybrother'sseveralclassmatesofhis属格应用场合举例用在表示有生命的名词后TomandMik28注1:“of+名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人,不能表示事物。afriendofmywife’s(我妻子的一个朋友)anovelofthewriter’s(那位作者的一部小说)注:该名词必须是特指的,不能是泛指的

注1:“of+名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人,不能表示事29注2:双重所有格与of所有格的区别如果双重所有格中of前面的名词是portrait,

picture,

printing,

statue,

photograph等时,是指有关的人所收藏的肖像或照片等,而不是他本人的肖像或照片。eg:apictureofMary's

玛丽(所拥有)的一张照片

apictureofMary

玛丽的一张照片注2:双重所有格与of所有格的区别如果双重所有格中30注3:双重所有格若用this,that,these,those修饰of短语前面的名词,以表示爱憎、褒贬等情感Eg:Lookatthosedirtyhandsofyours!IreallyappreciatethisideaofHenry’s.TurntoP.26,anddoEx.10.注3:双重所有格若用this,that,these,thos31名词所有格(ThePossessiveCaseofNouns)somepatterns:I’lltaketheriskforfriendship’ssake.Shewasatherwit’send.Nowtheycouldsingattheirheart’scontent.Weshouldgetthechildrenoutofharm’sway.Wehadbestkeepthematarm’slength.Forgoodness’sake,stoparguing.Janegotthemoney’sworthoutofthecoat.(为了友谊)(黔驴技穷)(尽情地)(不受损害)(保持距离)(看在上帝的份上)(很合算)名词所有格(ThePossessiveCaseofN32历年四级考试名词词语辨析选历年四级考试331.Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyou____youneed.

A)alltheinformation

B)alltheinformationsC)allofinformation

D)alloftheinformations

1.[译文]这些书会提供你所需要的所有信息,它们可以在任何书店买到。

[解析]information是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故B)、D)本身是错误的。又因为allof后面接不可数名词时,名词前须有定冠词,C)也不可选。只能选A)。1.Thesebooks,whichyoucang342.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis______orsocialposition.

A)CuriosityB)statusC)determinationD)significance

2.[译文]一个人的衣着可以表示他的身份或社会地位。

[解析]A)curiosity好奇心,求知欲;B)status身份,地位;C)determination决心;D)significance意义,重要性。根据题意应选B)。另外,or后面的socialposition实际上是对前面并列的status的解释,也是一个重要的选项线索。

2.Theclothesapersonwearsm353.NiagaraFallsisagreattourist______,drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

A)attentionB)attractionC)appointmentD)arrangement

3.[译文]尼亚加拉瀑布是一个令人向往的旅游胜地,每年都吸引数以百万的游客。

[解析]A)attraction意为“注意;B)attraction意思是“具有吸引力的人或物”,可引申为“胜地”;c)appointment意为“约会;D)arrangement意为“安排”。根据句意,正确的答案是B)。尼亚加拉瀑布是一处“旅游点”,而不是一种“出游安排”。故不能选D)3.NiagaraFallsisagreatto364.Alotofantsarealwaysinvadingmykitchen.Theyareathorough______.

A)nuisanceB)troubleC)WorryD)anxiety

4.[译文]大量的蚂蚁老是进入我的厨房,蚂蚁是非常令人讨厌的东西。

[解析]A)nuisance意为“令人讨厌的人(东西,情况等)”(aperson,thingorsituationthatannoysyouorcausesproblems);B)trouble意为“麻烦,苦恼”(problemsthatmakesomethingdifficult,spoilyourplan,makeyouworry,etc.);C)worry意为“担心,发愁”;D)anxiety意为“焦虑”,与worry意义相近。蚂蚁是“令人讨厌的东西”,而不是“问题,难题(problem)”,更不是“担忧”,“焦虑”等。故A)是正确答案。

4.Alotofantsarealwaysinv375.Whenpeoplebecomeunemployed,itis_______oftenworsethanlackofwages.

A)lazinessB)povertyC)idlenessD)inability

5.[译文]当人们失业时,无所事事比失去工资更糟糕。

[答案]C)idleness

[解析]A)laziness懒惰;B)poverty贫穷;C)idleness无事可干,闲待;D〕inability无能力,无办法。失业引起的什么状况比失去工资更糟糕呢?不可能是poverty,更不可能是laziness或inability,因为失业本身就可能意味着贫穷,而懒惰和无能是某些人的本性,不是失业引起的。所以是C)idleness。

5.Whenpeoplebecomeunemploye386.SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpecttopickupwonderful______inthemarket.

A)batteriesB)bargainsC)basketsD)barrels

6.[译文]有些人喜欢星期天去购物,因为他们希望在市场买到物美价廉的货物。

[解析]A)batteries电池;B)bargains便宜的东西,廉价货;C)baskets篮子,筐;D)barrels桶。根据句意:“人们喜欢星期天去购物,”自然是希望买到好的、便宜的东西,便宜的东西是泛指。A)、C)、D)均指具体的物品,与原句句意不符。正确答案是B)。

6.Somepeoplewouldliketodo397.单句改错1.Everyone

of

us

is

working

hard

in

the

factory.

2.

I

have

caught

a

bad

cold

for

a

week

and

I

can‟t

get

rid

of

it.

3.

This

is

the

steel

plant

where

we

visited

last

week.

4.

Following

the

road

and

you

will

find

the

store.

5.

This

is

all

what

Dr.

Smith

said

at

the

meeting.

6.

He

promised

to

come

and

see

us

after

the

supper.

7.

John

had

been

here

to

see

you,

but

he

left

five

minutes

ago.

8.

My

mother

is

busy

preparing

forsupper.

9.

I‟ve

heard

him

but

I

never

know

him.

10.

We

got

on

the

school

bus

and

which

took

us

straight

to

the

People‘s

Park.

1.

Everyone-Every

one/each

2.caught-had3.

where-which/that

4.

Following-Follow

5.

what-

that;

or

drop

“all”

6.drop

“the”

.

had

beencame

8.

drop

“for”

9.

heard

of

10.which-it

7.单句改错407.作文An

Eye-Witness

Account

of

a

Traffic

Accident

假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸,就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点:

1)车祸发生的时间及地点

2)你所见到的车祸情况

3)你对车祸原因的分析

要求:字数150个左右。7.作文417.作文An

Eye-Witness

Account

of

a

Traffic

Accident

(2003年6月)

假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸,就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点:

1)车祸发生的时间及地点

2)你所见到的车祸情况

3)你对车祸原因的分析

[1]

My

name

is

Li

Ming.

[2]

I

am

an

English

major

at

Peking

University.

[3]

A

week

ago,

I

saw

a

traffic

accident

on

a

rainy

day,

which

still

sticks

in

my

mind.

[4]

It

was

at

about

9:00

on

Saturday

morning,

June

15th.

[5]

I

was

talking

to

my

friends

on

the

sidewalk

near

our

university

when

I

heard

a

sudden

noise

of

clash

of

metal

on

metal.

[6]

It

happened

just

at

the

crossing

nearby.

[7]

A

motorbike

was

hit

by

a

taxi.

[8]

I

went

up

and

found

that

the

motorbike

was

badly

damaged.

[9]

The

driver

was

groaning

on

the

ground,

blooding.

[10]

The

street

turned

chaotic.

[11]

From

the

stopping

track

on

the

road,

it

is

clear

that

the

motorcyclist

failed

to

see

the

car

coming

from

behind

a

truck.

[12]

On

the

other

hand,

the

taxi

driver

was

driving

too

fast

on

such

a

rainy

day.

[13]

Anyway,

I

believe

accidents

may

be

reduced

or

avoided

if

everyone

drives

slowly.

7.作文An

Eye-Witness

Account

of

42

GrammarPronoun代词GrammarPronoun431、人称代词的替代和转换;2、物主代词;3、反身代词;4、不定代词的用法;5、else的用法;6、it的用法。Importance1、人称代词的替代和转换;Importance44人称代词和物主代词PersonalandPossessivePronoun人称代词和物主代词45人称代词的指代问题Q1:Itwas____whodidit,butitwas____thatwearetalkingabout.A.he…she B.him…her C.him…sheD.he…her解析:人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或表语,例如:

Johnwaitedawhilebuteventuallyhewenthome.

约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。

人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作表语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以作主语,例如:

Isawherwiththem,atleast,Ithoughtitwasher.

问题中前后两个分句都是强调句,前面的代词作didit的主语,而后面的代词作talkingabout的宾语。D人称代词的指代问题解析:人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或表462)在使用人称代词时,要注意其人称、数和格的一致。如:

JimandIsawthemanpassingby.Betweenyouandme,hestolealotofmoneyfromsomewhere.(私下跟你说吧,不知他从哪里偷了一大笔钱呢。)Heaskedthreeofus,John,Joanandme,tohavedinnerwithhim.Meatandfisharemoreexpensivethantheyusedtobe.

不定代词anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone,

someone,everyone,noone,在正式场合使用时,可用he,his,him代替。

Nobodycame,didhe?谁也没来,是吗?2)在使用人称代词时,要注意其人称、数和格的一致。如:473)人称代词的次序1.______allsatsilentunderthetree.

A.You,heandIB.I,heandyouC.He,youandID.He,Iandyou2._____aretoblame.YouandIB.B.Iandyou

连续使用两个以上的人称代词时,通常单数you放在第一位,I放在最后;复数we放在第一,they放在最后。如果表示责备,则把第一人称放在句首。AB3)人称代词的次序AB482.人称代词之主、宾格的替换

Q2:

—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why

?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.

A.him B.he C.I D.me解析:在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在not后,多用宾格。

----IlikeEnglish.

--我喜欢英语。

----Metoo.

--我也喜欢。

----Havemorewine?

--再来点酒喝吗?

----Notme.

--我可不要了。D2.人称代词之主、宾格的替换解析:在简短对话中,当人称49Q3:

---MayIspeaktoJohn?---Thisis_____speaking.A.he B.his C.him D.himself解析:a.在介词but,except后,有时可用主格代替宾格。

Allbut_____totheconcerttomorrow.A.heandIamgoing B.heandIaregoingC.heandmearegoing D.hisandmeamgoing

b.在电话用语中常用主格。

----IwishtospeaktoMary.---我想和玛丽通话。

----Thisisshe.

---我就是玛丽。DoEx.2onP.30.ABQ3:解析:a.在介词but,except后,有时503.物主代词的性Q4:---IsthiscameralikeBill’sandAnn’s?---No,butit’salmostthesameas______.A.her B.yours C.them D.their

B解析:形容词性的物主代词修饰名词,不能独用;名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的-’s所有格结构,例如:

Thatismybook.Thatbookismine.Theirsisaverylargeuniversity.

另外,在动名词前常加上形容词性的物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如:

Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?3.物主代词的性B解析:形容词性的物主代词修饰名词,不能51反身代词(ReflexivePronoun)人称分类第一人称第二人称第三人称

单数

复数myself

ourselves

yourself

yourselveshimself

themselvesherself

itself

反身代词用法口诀:

反身代词表自身,句中可作三成分:表示强调同位语,宾语表语回自身。

反身代词(ReflexivePronoun)52反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。

a.作宾语:有些动词需有反身代词

absent,bathe,amuse,blame,dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave,help,dress,,…

Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.

Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.b.作表语;beoneself:Iamnotmyselftoday.我今天不舒服。c.作同位语

Thethingitselfisnotimportant.事情本身并不重要。反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。

a.作宾语:有些动词需53反身代词构成的词组反身代词在实际运用中可构成许多常用词组:byoneselfforoneselfcalloneselfteachoneselfhelponeselfspeaktooneselfloseoneselfenjoyoneself亲自为自己称自己自学随便吃自言自语=talktooneself迷路自得其乐反身代词构成的词组反身代词在实际运用中可构成许多常用词组:亲54靠自己

过得愉快自学请随便吃…

心里想独自为自己不要客气陶醉/沉浸于自己穿衣服照顾自己

ononeself

enjoyoneselfteach/learnoneselfsth.helponeselftosth.saytooneselfbyoneselfforoneselfmakeoneselfathomeloseoneselfin…dressoneselflookafteroneself靠自己ononeself55

makeoneselfunderstood

expressoneselfdevoteoneselftoofoneselfbesideoneselfbetweenourselvesinoneselftooneselfbenotoneselfamongthemselves()Havingdressed____,thegirlhelped____tosomemilk. A.her;her B.her;herself C.herself;her D.herself;herselfD让别人听懂自己的话表达自己的思想献身于……自发地失常,发狂只限你我之间只限你我之间就其本身而言独自占用或享用身体不舒服他们相互之间makeoneselfunderstood()56

用反身代词短语填空Thedooropened______________.Hehadaflat_____________.Canyoufinishthetask_____________.Goandsee_______________.Playingcardsisnotbad_____________.Butsomepeopleuseittogamble.Thechildrendividedthecake__________________.Allthisis_____________________.Tomisnotlivingwithhisparentsanylonger.Heis__________________now.Hewas__________________withjoy.

ofitself

tohimself

byyourself

foryourself

initself

amongthemselves

between

ourselves

onhimself

besidehimself

用反身代词短语填空Thedooropened____571.Isaw___playinginthestreetatthattime.

A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs2.Thepenishers.Passitto____,please.

A.herB.sheC.hersD.herself3.We____atthepartylastSunday.

A.enjoyedmyselfB.enjoyedourselves

C.enjoymyselfD.enjoyedthemselves4.LetTonydoitby____.Heisnolongerakid

A.himB.hisC.himselfD.he5.Ourroomisbig,but____isbiggerthan____.

A.their;ourB.their;oursC.theirs;oursD.theirs;ourExercisesAABCCExercisesAABCC586.Only____knowit.

A.IandheB.heandyouC.heandID.Iandyou7."Make____athome."hesaidtohisfriends.

A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.youD.yours8.Couldyouhelp___with___English?A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I9.Wecan’tleavemygrandparentsby____.A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.their10.Mary,pleaseshow____yourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID,meExercisesCBCCD6.Only____knowit.

A.Iandh59不定代词的用法不定代词的用法60A、some/any1.There’s______cookingoilleftinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecornerstoreandget______?

A.little;some

B.little;any

C.alittle;some

D.alittle;any2.Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn’t___.

A.anyB.some C.no

D.anythingAAA、some/anyAA61

说明:

some“一些”,一般用于肯定句中。

1)可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。

2)当做“某一”解时,也可与单数名词连用。(=acertain)

Youwillbesorryforthissomeday.

Acertain(some)personhasseenyoubreaktherule.

注意:some用于其他句式中:

a.肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。

Wouldyoulike句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如:

Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?

b.在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如:

Ifyouneedsomehelp,letmeknow.说明:62

c.some位于主语部分,

Somestudentshaven’tbeentherebefore.

d.当否定的是整体中的部分时,some可用于否定句。如:Ihaven’theardfromsomeofmyoldfriendstheseyears.

这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信

any“一些”,多用于否定句和疑问句和条件句中。

当表示“任何一个”的意思时,any可用于肯定句。

Herearethreenovels.Youmayreadany.

这有三本小说,你可任读一本。c.some位于主语部分,

Somestud63B.one/that/those/it

代词功能例句oneone:单数,ones:复数,泛指前面提及的人或物。one之前有形容词修饰时可以与不定冠词、定冠词、基数词、物主代词或名词所有格连用。

①Abridgebuiltofstonesisstrongerthanonebuiltofwood.②Idon'tlikethisgreenapple.Pleasegivemearedone/theredoneonthetable.③Thegirlsinourclassaremoreactivethanthoseinyourclass.④ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.⑤Ourrulesarequitedifferentfromthoseofotherorganizations.⑥Ileftmypenonthedesk.Butnowitisgone.That/thosethat、those+后置定语,特指替代同类中的人或物(that一般不指人)。不可数名词只能用thatit代替前文出现的同一事物,即指同类同物B.one/that/those/it代词功能例句64one,thatandit1:Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_____Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what2:

TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.they B.it C.one D.which3:

IpreferaflatinInvernessto_____inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom’s.

A.oneB.thatC.itD.this4:

Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_______thanmobilephonesdo.A.one B.ones C.it D.thoseBBABone,thatanditBBAB65

说明:

one表示泛指,that和it表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it与所指名词为同一个。

Ican’tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.

(不定)

我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

ThehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthatIbought.

(同类但不同个)

你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

Ican'tfindmyhat.Idon'tknowwhereIputit.

(同一物)

我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了说明:663:

Wehaven’tenoughbooksfor

;someofyouwillhavetoshare.

A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody4:---Oneweek’stimehasbeenwasted.---Ican’tbelievewedidallthatworkfor

.

A.somethingB.nothing C.everything D.anythingCB注意:some,any,every所构成的合成不定代词不能与of连用,只有分开才可接of短语。如:

someoneofus;everyoneofthem

但要注意:noneofthem(noone后不接of短语)3:CB注意:some,any,every所构成的合成67C:不定代词Pron.Adj.含义数量关系作定语时名词的数作主语时动词的数both两者都=2复数复数either两者中的任何一个=2单数单数neither两者都不=2单数单数all三者或三者以上都≥3单数或复数单数或复数none三者或三者以上都不≥3○单数或复数each每一个≥2单数单数Every

adj.每一个≥3单数单数C:不定代词含义数量关系作定语时名词的数作主语时动词的数bo68eacheveryeach(常与of连用)every两者或以上的每一个人或物三者或以上每一个人或物

everyother…每隔…Eg:everyotherday每隔一天=everytwodays①

Igavethem__anapple.

A.everyB.eachC.eachof②

Thereisalineoftreeson___sideofthe

street.

A.every B.each C.both③Shegoesshopping__fivedays.

A.everyB.eachC.eachof④他隔天来这里。Hecamehere__________day.everyothereacheveryeach(常与of连用)ever69nonenoonenonenoone没有什么人/物“没有人”,只能指人回答howmany

问句回答who问句noneof+复数名词/them/us谓语用单数/复数Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?—___.

A.NoneB.NooneC.Lucy②

Whois

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