2021年人教版九年级英语单词(含音标)

九年级单词欧阳光明(2021.03.07)Untiltextbook/'tekstbok/n.教科书；课本conversation/,konv'seifn/n.交谈；谈话aloud/'laod/adv.大声地；出声地pronunciation/pr,nAnsi'eifn/n.发音；读音sentence/'sentns/n.句子patient/'peifnt/adj.有耐心的n.病人expression/ik'sprefn/n.表达(方式)；表示discover/di'skAv(r)/v.发现；发觉secret/'si:krt/n.秘密；秘诀adj.秘密的；保密的lookup(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看grammar/'gr^m(r)/n.语法repeat/ri'pi:t/v.重复；重做note/not/n.笔记；记录v.注意；指出pal/p包/n.朋友；伙伴physics/'fiziks/n.物理；物理学chemistry/'kemistri/n.化学memorize/'memraiz/v.记忆；记住pattern/'p田tn/n.模式；方式pronounce/pr'naons/v.发音*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07increase〃m'kri:s/v.增加；增长speed/spi:d/n.速度partner/'pa:tno(r)/n.搭档；同伴born/bo:n/丫出生@4上.天生的bebornwith天生具有ability/o'biloti/n.能力；才能creat/kri'eit/v创造；创建brain/brein/n.大月脑active/1田ktiv/adj.活跃的；积极的attention6tenjn/n.注意；关注payattentionto注意；关注connect/ko'nekt/v.(使)连接；与 有联系connect…with把 和 连接或联系起来overnight/©ovSnait/adv.一夜之间；在夜间review/ri'vju:/v.&n.回顾；复习knowledge/'nulids/n.知识；学问lifelong/'laiflD?/adj.终身的；毕生的wisely/waizli/adv.明智地；聪明地Unit2mooncake/'mu:nkeik/n.月饼lantern/'l田nton/n.灯丁笼stranger/'streindjMr)/n.陌生人relative/'relotiv/n.亲属；亲戚*欧阳光明*创编puton增加（体重）；发胖pound/paond/n.磅（重量单位）；英镑（英国货币单位）folk/fok/adj.民间的；民俗的goddess/'godis/n.女神whoever/hu:'ev（r）/pron.无论谁；不管什么人steal/sti:l/v.\偷；窃取lay晶々.放置；安放；产脚）；下（蛋）layout摆开；布置dessert/di'z3:t/n（饭后）甜点；甜食garden/'ga:dn/n.花园；园子tradition/tr'dijn/n.传统admire/d'mai（r）/v.欣赏；仰慕tie/tai/n.领带v.捆；束haunted/'ho:ntid/adj.有鬼魂出没的；闹鬼的ghost/gost/n.鬼；鬼魂trick/trik/n.花招；把戏treat/tri：t/n.款待；招待v.招待；请（客）spider/'spaid（r）/n.蜘蛛Christmas/'krisms/n.圣诞节lie/lai/v.（lay/lei/,lain/lein/）存在；平躺；处于novel/'nnvl/n.（长篇）小说eve/i:v/n（尤指宗教节假日的）前夕；前夜dead/ded/adj.死的；失去生命的*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07business/'bizns/n.生意；商业punish/'pAnWv.处罚；惩罚warn/wo:n/v.警告；告诫endup最终成为；最后处于present/'preznt/n.现在；礼物adj.现在的warmth/wo:m0/n.温暖；暖和spread/spred/v.传播；展开n.蔓延；传播Unit3restroom/'restru:m/n.(美)洗手间；公共厕所stamp/st田mp/n.邮票；印章bookstore/'boksto:(r)/口.书店beside/bi'said/prep.在旁边；在附近postcard/'postka:d/n.明信片pardon/'pa:dn/v原谅血巳也请再说一遍washroom/'wpjru:m/n.洗手间；厕所bathroom/'ba:0ru:m/n.浴室；洗手间normally/'no:mli/adv.通常；正常情况下rush/rAf/v.&n.仓促；急促suggest/s'dgest/v.建议；提议passby路过；经过staff/sta:f/n.管理人员；职工grape/greip/n.葡萄central/'sentrl/adj.中心的；中央的nearby/'nibai/adj^T近的；临近的adv.在附近；附近pardonme抱歉，对不起；什么，请再说一遍mail/meil]/v.邮寄；发电子邮件n.邮件；信件east/i:st/adj.东方的；东部的adv.向东；朝东n.东；东方fascinating/f田si'neijn/adj.迷人的；极有吸引力的inexpensive/jnik'spensiv/adj.不昂贵的uncrowded/An'kraodid/adj.不拥挤的；人少的convenient/kn'vi:nint]/adj.便利的；方便的mall/mo:l/n.商场；购物中心clerk/kla:k/n.职员corner/'ko:n(r)/n.拐角；角落politely/p'laitli/adv.礼貌地；客气地request/ri'kwest/n.要求；请求direction/d'rekjn/n.方向；方位correct/k'rekt/adj.正确的；恰当的polite/p'lait/adj.有礼貌的；客气的direct/d'rekt/adj.直接的；直率的speaker/'spi:k(r)/n.讲(某种语言)的人；发言者whom/hu:m/pron.谁；什么人impolite/jmp'lait/adj.不礼貌的；粗鲁的address/'dres/n.住址；地址；通讯处underground/,And'graond/adj.地下的口.地铁parkinglot停车场；停车区*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07*欧阳光明*创编course/ko:s/n.课程；学科Italian/i't旬in/adj.意大利(人)的；n.意大利人；意大利语Unin4humorous/'hju:mrs/adj.有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的silent/'sailnt/adj.不说话的；沉默的helpful/'helpfl/adj.有用的；有帮助的fromtimetotime时常；有时score/sko:(r)/n.&v.得分；进球background/1b^kgraond/n.背景interview/'intvju:/v.采访；面试n.面试；访谈Asian/'eijn/adj.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人deal/di:l/v.(dealt/delt/,dealt)对付；对待dealwith应对；处理shyness/'Jainis/n.含羞；腼腆dare/de(r)/v.敢于；胆敢crowd/kraod/n.人群；观众ton/tAn/n.吨;(pl.)大量；许多private/'praivt/adj.私人的；私密的guard/ga:d/n.警卫；看守v.守卫；保卫require/ri'kwai(r)/v.需要；要求European/jor'pi:n/adj.欧洲(人)的口.欧洲人African/mfrikn/adj.非洲(人)的n.非洲人British/'britij/adj.英国(人)的*欧阳光明*创编speech/spi：tJ7n.讲话；发言public/'pAblik/n.民众adj.公开的；公众的inpublic公开地；在别人（尤指生人）面前ant/田nt/n.蚂蚁insect/'insekt/n.昆虫seldom/'seldm/adv.不常；很少influence/'inflons/v.&n.影响absent/屈bsnt/adj.缺席；不在fail/feil/v.不及格；失败；未能（做到）examination/gz田mi'neijn/n.考试；审查boarding/'bo:dig/school寄宿学校inperson亲身；亲自exactly/ig'z田ktWadv.确切地；精确地pride/praid/n.自豪；骄傲takepridein为 感到自豪proud/praod/adj.自豪的；骄傲的beproudof为 骄傲；感到自豪general/'d^enrl/adj.普遍的；常规的；总的n.将军introduction/jntr'dAkjn/n.介绍Unit5chopsticks/'tfopstiks/口.筷子coin/koin/n.硬币fork/fo:k/n.餐叉，叉子blouse/blaoz/n.(女士)短上衣；衬衫sliver/'sliv(r)/n.银，银器；@4上.银色的glass何匕5/口.玻璃cotton/'kDtn/n.棉；棉花steel/sti:l]/n.钢；钢铁fair/fe(r)/n.展览会；交易会environmental/inivairn'mentl/adj.自然环境的；有关环境的grass/gra:s/n.草；草地leaf/li:f/n.叶；叶子produce/pr'dju:s/v.生产；制造；出产widely/1waidli/adv.广泛地；普遍地beknownfor以 闻名；为人知晓process/pr'ses/v.加工；处理pack/p田k]/丫.包装；装箱product/1prodAkt/口.产品；制品France/行口:股/法国nomatter不论；无论local/'lokl/adj.当地的；本地的brand/br田nd/n.品牌；牌子avoid/'void/v.避免；回避handbag/'h^ndb^g/n.小手提包mobile/'mo6@口/@4上.可移动的；非固定的everyday/'evridei/adj.每天的；日常的

boss/bns/口.老板；上司Germany/'ds3：mni/德国surface/'s3：fis/n.表面；表层material/m1tiri1/n.材料；原料traffic/'tr田fik/n.交通；路上行驶的车辆postman/'postmn/n.邮递员cap/k田p/n（.尤指有帽舌的）帽子glove/glAv/n（分手指的）手套international/jnt'naJn1/nadj.国际的competitor/km'petit（r）/n.参赛者；竞争者its/its/adj.它的form/fo:m/n.形式；类型clay/klei/n.黏土；陶土celebration/seli'breijn]/n.庆典；庆祝活动balloon/b'lu:n/口.气球papercutting剪纸scissors/'sizz/n.（pl.）剪刀lively/['laivli/adj.生气勃勃的；（色彩）鲜艳的fairy/'feri/童话故事historical/hi1stnrikl/adj.（有关）历史的heat/hi:t/n.热；高温v.加热；变热polish/'pnlij7V磨光；修改；润色complete/km'pli:t/v.完成Korea/k'ri/朝鲜；韩国Switzerland/'switslnd/瑞士SanFrancisco圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山，美国城市)Unit6heel/hi:l/n.鞋跟；足跟scoop/sku:p/n.勺；铲子electricity/ijek'tristi/n.电；电能style/stail/n.样式；款式project/pr1d^ekt/n.项目；工程pleasure/'ple3(r)/n.高兴；愉快zipper/'zip(r)/n.(=zip)拉链；拉锁daily/'deili/adj.每日的；日常的haveapoint有道理website/'websait/n.网站pioneer/,pai'ni(r)/n.先锋；先驱list/list/v.列表；列清单n.名单；清单mention/'menn/v.提至1」；说至I」accidental/,也ksi'dentl/adj.意外的；偶然的byaccident偶然；意夕卜地nearly/'nili/adv.几乎；差不多ruler/'ru:l(r)/n.统治者；支配者boil/boil/v.煮沸；烧开remain/ri'mein/v.保持不变；剩余smell/smel/n.气味v.（smelt/smelt/,smelt;smelled,smelled）发出 气味；闻到saint/seint/n.圣人；圣徒national/'n纥Jnl/adj.国家的；民族的trade/treid/n.贸易；交易丫.做买卖；从事贸易takeplace发生；出现doubt/daot/n.疑惑；疑问v.怀疑withoutdoubt毫无疑问；的确fridge/frid^/n.冰箱low//adj.低的；矮的somebody//pron.某人n.重要人物translate/tr田ns'leit/v.翻译lock/lnk/v.锁上；锁住n.锁earthquakeTkwelkn.地震sudden/'sAdn/adj.突然（的）allofasudden突然；猛地bell//n.钟（声）；铃（声）biscuit/'biskit/n.饼干cookie/'koki/n.曲奇饼musical/'mju:zikl/adj.音乐的；有音乐天赋的instrument/'instrmnt/n.器械；仪器；工具crispy/['krispi/adj.脆的；酥脆的salty/'so:lti/adj.咸的sour/'sao(r)/adj.酸的；有酸味的bymistake错误地；无意中customer/'kAstm(r)/n.顾客；客户theOlympics/o'limpiks/奥林匹克运动会Canadian/k'neidin/n/adj.力口拿大的；加拿大人的n.加拿大人divide/di'vaid/v.分开；分散o把 分开basket/'ba:skit/n.篮；筐popularity/,pDpju'&rti/n.受欢迎；普及notonly…butalso…不但...而且...lookupto钦佩；仰慕hero/'hiro/n.英雄；男主角professional/pr'fejnl/adj.职业的；专业的Berlin/b3：'lin/柏林(德国城市)NBA(NationalBasketballAssociation)国家篮球协会(美国职业篮球联赛)CBA(ChinaBasketballAssociation)中国篮球协会(中国职业篮球联赛)Unit7license(=licence)/'laisns/证；证件safety/'seifti/n.安全；安全性smoke/smok/v.冒烟；吸烟n.烟part-time/pa:ttaim/adj.&adv.兼职(的)*欧阳光明*创编pierce/pis/v.扎；刺破；穿透earring/liirig/n.耳环；耳饰flash阻的/n.闪光灯；闪光v.闪耀；闪光tiny/'taini/@4上.极小的；微小的cry/krai/v.&n.哭；叫喊field/fi:ld/n.田野；场地hug/hAg/n.&v.拥抱；搂抱lift/lift/v.举起；抬高n.电梯；搭便车badly/'b4dli/adv严重地；差；非常talkback回嘴；顶嘴awful/'o:fl/adj.很坏的；讨厌的teen/ti:n/n.（13至19岁之间）青少年regret/ri'gret/v.&n.感到遗憾；懊悔poem/'poim/n.诗；韵文community/k'mju:nti/n.社区；社团keep…awayfrom避免接近；远离chance/tfa:ns/n.机会；可能性makeone'sowndecision自己做决定educate/'ed^okeit/v.教育；教导manage/'m田nids/v.完成（困难的事）；应付（困难局面）society/s'saiti/n.社会getinthewayof挡 的路；妨碍support/s'po:t/v.&n.支持*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07choice/tfois/n.选择；挑选Unit8whose/hu:z/adj.&pron.谁的truck/trAk/n.卡车；货车picnic/'piknik/n.野餐rabbit/'r田bit/n.兔；野兔attend/'tend/v.出席；参加valuable/'v^ljubl/adj.贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的pink/pigk/adj.粉红色的n.粉红色anybody/'enibodi/pron.任何人happening//n.事件；发生的事情(常指不寻常的)noise/noiz/n.声音；噪音policeman/p'li:smn/n.(pl.policemen)男警察wolf/wolf/n.狼uneasy/An'i:zi/adj.担心的；不安的laboratory/l'bortri/n.实验室outdoors/,aot'do:z/adv.在户外；在野外coat/kot/n.外套；外衣sleepy/'sli:pi/adj.困倦的；瞌睡的land/l田nd/丫.着陆；降落alien/'eilin/n.夕卜星人runafter追逐；追赶*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07suit/su：t/n.西服；套装丫适合express/ik'spres/v.表示；表达atthesametime同时；一起circle/'s3：kl/n.圆圈v.圈出Britain/'britn/n.(=GreatBritain)大不列颠mystery/'mistri/n.奥秘；神秘事物receive/ri'si:v/v.接受；收到historian/hi'sto:ri0n/n.历史学家；史学工作者leader/'li:do(r)/n.领导；领袖midsummer/,mid'sAmo(r)/口.仲夏；中夏medical/'medikl/adj.医疗的；医学的purpose/'p3:pos/n.目的；目标prevent/pri'vent/v.阻止；阻挠energy/'enodsi/n.精力；力量position/po'zijn/n.位置；地方burial/'beriol/n.埋葬；安葬honor/'Dno(r)/(=honour)v.尊重；表示敬意n.荣幸；荣誉ancestor/屈nsesto(r)/n.祖宗；祖先victory/'viktori/n.胜利；成功enemy/'enomi/n.敌人；仇人period/'pioriod/n.一段时间；时期hard-working/ha:d'w3：kig/adj.工作努力的；辛勤的Stonehenge巨石阵*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07Unit9prefer/pri'f3：(r)/v.更喜欢lyrics/'liriks/n.(pl.)歌词Australian//adj.澳大利亚(人)的口.澳大利亚人electronic/ijek'tmnik/adj.电子的；电子设备的suppose/s'poz/v.推断；料想smooth/smu:d/adj.平滑的；悦耳的spare/spe(r)/adj.空闲的；不用的丫抽出；留出director/d'rekt(r)/n.导演；部门负责人case/keis/n.情况；实情inthatcase既然那样；假使那样的话war/wo:(r)/n.战争；战争状态stick/stik/v.(stuck/stAk/跳比女)粘贴；将…刺入stickto坚持；固守down/daon/adj.悲哀；沮丧dialog/'dailng/n.(=dialogue)对话；对白ending//n.(故事、电影等的)结尾；结局documentary/idBkju'mentri/n.纪录片drama/'dra:m/n.戏；居Uplenty/'plenti/pron.大量；众多plentyof大量；充足shut/JAt/v.(shut,shut)关闭；关上shutoff关闭；停止运转*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07superhero/'su:phiro/n.超级英雄onceinawhile偶尔地；间或intelligent/m'telidsnt/adj.有才智的；聪明的sense/sens/v.感觉到；意识到n.感觉；意识sadness/'s田dns/n.悲伤；悲痛pain/pein/n.痛苦；苦恼reflect/ri'flekt/v.反映；映出moving//adj.动人的；令人感动的horror/'hnr(r)/n.震惊；恐惧perform/p'fo:m/v.表演；执行lifetime/'laiftaim/n.一生；有生之年poem/'poim/n.诗；韵文pity/'piti/n.遗憾；怜悯丫同情；怜悯total/'totl/n.总数；合计adj.总的；全体的intotal总共；合计master/'ma:st(r)/n.大师；能手；主人v.掌握praise/preiz/v.&n.表扬；赞扬recall/ri'ko:l/v.回忆起；回想起wound/waond/n.伤；伤口；创伤v.使(身体)受伤；伤害painful/'peinfl/adj.令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的WorldWarII第二次世界大战Titanic《泰坦尼克号》(电影名)Unit10custom/'kAstm/n.风俗；习俗bow/bao/v.鞠躬kiss/kis/v.&n.亲吻；接吻greet/gri:t/v.和 打招呼；迎接relaxed/ri'l田kst/adj.放松的；自在的value/'v田lju:/v.重视；珍视n.价值dropby顺便访问；随便进入capital/'k田pitl/n.首都；国都afterall毕竟；终归noon/nu:n/n.正午；中午mad/m田d/@4上.很生气；疯的getmad大动肝火；气愤effort/'eft/口.努力；尽力makeaneffort作出努力passport/'pa:spo:t/n.护^照clean…off把…擦掉chalk/gk/n.粉笔blackboard/'bl田kbo:d/n.黑板northernn/adj.北方的；北部的coast/kost/n.海岸；海滨season/'si:zn/n.季；季节knock/nnk/v.敲；击n.敲击声；敲击eastern/'i:stn/adj.东方的；东部的*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07takeoff脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞worth/w3：0/adj.值得；有 价值（的）manner/'m田no（r）/n.方式；方法81.）礼貌；礼仪empty/'empti/adj.空的；空洞的basic/'beisik/adj.基本的；基础的exchange/iks'tJemds/n.&v.交换gooutofone'sway特地；格外努力make...feelathome使（某人）感到宾至如归teenage/'ti:neids/adj.十几岁的；青少年的granddaughter/'gr田ndo:to（r）/n.（夕卜）孙女behave/bi'heiv/v.表现；举止except/ik'sept/prep.除 之外conj.除了；只是elbow/'elbso/n.肘；胳膊gradually/'gr田dsuoli/adv.逐步地；渐进地getusedto习惯于suggestion/so'dsesRn/n.建议Brazil巴西Mexico墨西哥Cali卡利（哥伦比亚城市）ColombiaVmbI哥伦比亚（南美洲国家）Lausanne洛桑（瑞士城市）NorwayweI挪威Unit11rather/'ra:6o(r)/adv.宁愿；相当wouldrather(通常缩写为'drather)宁愿drive/draiv/v.迫彳吏drivesb.crazy/mad使人发疯/发狂themore…themore越 越 ；愈 愈 lately/'leitli/adv最近；不久前befriendswithsb.成为某人的朋友leaveout不包括；不提及；忽略friendship/'frendjip/n.友谊；友情king/kig/n.君主；国王power/'pas(r)/n.权利；力量prime/praim/adj.首要的；基本的minister/'minister)/n.大臣；部长primeminister首相；大臣banker/'b到ko(r)/口.银行家fame/feim/n.名声；声誉pale/peil/adj.苍白的；灰白的queen/kwi:n/n.王后；女王callin召来；叫来examine/ig'z田min/v(.仔细地)检查；检验nor/no:(r)/conj.&adv.也不neither...nor既不 也不palace/'p田10s/n.王宫；宫殿*欧阳光明*创编wealth/welO/n.财富；富裕tostartwith起初；开始时grey/grei/adj（.天空）阴沉的；昏暗的；灰色的lemon/'lemn/n.柠檬uncomfortable//adj.使人不舒服的；令人不舒服的weight/weit/n.重量；分量shoulder/Jbld（r）/n.肩；肩膀goal/gol/n.球门；射门；目标let...down使失望coach/kotf/n.教练；私人教师kick/kik/v.踢；踹kicksb.off开除某人behardonsb.对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉besides/bi'saidz/@4丫.而且teammate/'ti:mmeit/n.同队队员；队友courage/'kArids/n.勇敢；勇气ratherthan而不是guy//n.（非正式）家伙（pl.）伙计们pull/pol/v.拉；拖pulltogether齐心协力；通力合作relief/ri'li:f/n.轻松；解脱nod/nod/v.点头agreement/'gri:mnt/n.（意见或看法）一致；同意*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07*欧阳光明*创编fault/fo:lt/n.过失；缺点disappoint/,dis'point/v.使失望Unit12unexpected/,Anik'spektid/adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的bythetime…在 以前backpack/'b田kp田k/口.旅行包oversleep/,ov'sli:p/v.(overslept/,ov'sli:p/,overslept)睡过头；睡得太久ring/rig/v.(rang/r划(rung/rA。/)(钟、铃等)鸣；响give...alift捎 一程block/blnk/n.街区inlinewith(与 )成一排worker/'w3：k(r)/n.工作者；工人stare/ste(r)/v.盯着看；凝视disbelief/idisbi'li:f/n.不信；怀疑above/'bAv/adv.在上面prep.在 上面burn/b3：n/v.(burnt/b3：nt/,burned/b3：nd/;burnt,burned)着火；燃烧burning/'b3：nig/adj.着火的；燃烧的alive/'laiv/adj.活着；有生气的airport/'epo：t/n.机场till/til/conj.&prep.到；直到west/west/adv.向西；朝西adj.向西的；西部的n.西；西方cream/kri：m/n.奶油；乳脂*欧阳光明*创编*欧阳光明*创编 2021.03.07workday/'W3：kdei/口.工作日pie/pai/n.果馅饼；果馅派showup赶到；露面bean/bi:n/n.豆；豆荚market/'ma:kit/n.市场；集市bytheendof在（某时间点）以前fool/fu:l/n.蠢人；傻瓜丫愚弄costume/'knstju:m/n.（特定场合穿的）服装；装束embarrassed/im'b田rst/adj.窘迫的；害羞的costumeparty化妆舞会announce/'naons/v.宣布；宣告spaghetti/sp1geti/n.意大利面条hoax/hoks/n.骗局；恶作剧sellout卖光discovery/di'skAvri/n.发现；发觉lady/'leidi/n.女士；女子cancel/'k田nsl/v.取消；终止officer/'Dfis（r）/n.军官；官员believable/bi'li:vbl/adj.q相信的；可信任的disappear/,dis'pi（r）/v.消失；不见embarrassing/im'b^rsig/adj.使人害羞的（难堪的或惭愧的）NewZealand新西兰Italy意大利Mars火星Unit13litter/'lit(r)/v.乱扔n.垃圾；废弃物bottom/'butm/n.底部；最下部fisherman/1m\mn/n.渔民；钓鱼的人coal/kol/n.煤；煤块ugly/'Agli/adj.丑陋的；难看的advantage/d'va:ntids/n.优点；有利条件cost/kust/v.(cost,cost)花费n.花费；价钱wooden/'wodn/adj.木制的；木头的plastic/'p底stik/adj.塑料的n.塑料；塑胶takeaway/teikwei/n.外卖食物bin/bin/n.垃圾箱shark/Ja:k/n.鲨鱼fin/fin/n(.鱼)鳍cruel/'kru：l/adj.残酷的；残忍的harmful/'ha:mfl/adj.有害的beharmfulto对' 有害atthetopto在 顶部或顶端chain/tfein/n.链子；链条thefoodchain食物链ecosystem/'i:kosistm/n.生态系统industry/'indstri/n.工业；行业law/lo:/n.法律；法规scientific/isain'tifik/adj.科学上的；科学的takepartin参力口afford/'fo:d/v.承担得起（后果）；买得起turnoff关掉reusable/ri:ju:zbel/adj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的payfor付费；付出代价takeaction采取行动transportation/,tr田nspo:'teiJn/n.运输业；交通运输recycle/ji:'saikl/v.回收利用；再利用napkin/'napkin/n