黑龙江省大庆中学2021-2022学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

大庆中学2021—2022学年度高二上学期英语月考试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分第I卷（选择题共100分）第一部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Planyourdreamvacationtooneoftheseexcellentdestinations.St.LuciaAbundantrainforestsandsplendidmountainsareallreasonstovisitthisCaribbeanisland.St.Luciaofferstheperfectmixofrelaxationandadventure.Totakeinthebreathtakingscenery,plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.Banff.AlbertaThisCanadiandestinationwillbringouttheexplorerinanyonewhovisits.Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.TheLakeLouiseSkiResortisoneofthelargestinNorthAmericaandthestrikingphotoopportunitiesoftheCanadianRockiesfromMoraineLakecan’tbeunderestimated(低估).MachuPicchuAccordingtotravelers,avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.LocatedintheAndesMountains,itisthemostfamiliaricon(象征物)ofIncacivilization.SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.GreatBarrierReefIt’seasytoseewhytheGreatBarrierReefisoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld—itstretchesnearly1,500milesalongtheeasterncoastlineofAustraliaandfeaturesabout3,000reefs,900islandsandmorethan1,500speciesoffish.Travelerscanseetheseamazingnaturalstructuresfromtheairorunderwater.However,largeamountsofcoralbleaching(褪色)causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace’scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.1.WhatcanyouenjoybothinSt.LuciaandBanff?A.Diving. B.Snowboarding.C.Hiking. D.Skiing.2.Wheremayahistorianchoosetogo?A.MachuPicchu. B.Banff.Alberta.C.St.Lucia. D.GreatBarrierReef.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheGreatBarrierReef?A.Peoplemusttakeaplanetoenjoyitsbeauty.B.It’sfamousforcoralreefsratherthanfish.C.It’sonthewesterncoastofAustralia.D.Itmaydisappeariftemperaturekeepsonrising.Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue.Iworkpart-timeinsupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister（收款机）withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.Icouldn’thelpstaringathim.Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeiffortunehadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld.ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable,“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid.WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither.ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.4.Theagedgentlemanwhowantedtobuythebiscuits______.A.promisedtoobeythestorerulesB.hopedtohavethefoodfirstandpaylaterC.forgottotakehiscreditcardwithhimD.couldnotaffordanythingmoreexpensive5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheoldgentleman?A.Kindandlucky. B.Friendlyandhelpful.C.Poorandlonely. D.Hurtanddisappointed.6.Whydidtheauthorrefusetheoldgentleman’srequestfirst?A.Heconsideredtheoldmandishonest.B.Hefeltnopityfortheoldgentleman.C.Hewantedtokeephispresentjob.D.Heexpectedsomeoneelsetopayfortheoldman.7.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?A.Obeyingtherulesmeansmorethancompassion.B.Wealthismostimportantinolderage.C.Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.D.Compassionmeanshelpinginsomeway.IfthethreeRs(reduce,reuseandrecycle)isaguidelinetosavetheplanet,garbage-sortingiswheretheeffortsstart.SinceMay1,Beijinghasstartedtocarryoutmandatorygarbage-sortinginneweffortstobetterprotecttheenvironment.Underthenewregulation,residentsarerequiredtoclassifyhouseholdwasteintofourcategories:kitchen,recyclable,hazardousandotherwaste.Peoplewhofailtosorttheirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.SomeresidentialcommunitiesinBeijinghaveintroducedrewardstoencourageresidentstosorttheirgarbage.AccordingtoXinhua,residentscanearnpointsbyclassifyingtheirdomesticwastecorrectlyandthenexchangethepointstheyaccumulatefordailynecessitiessuchassoap.Garbagesortingpracticeshavereachedover70percentofhousingestatesin18cities,includingShanghai,XiamenandHangzhou,accordingtotheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopment.Shanghaifirstenactedamandatorygarbage-sortingregulationinJuly2019andhashada90percentcompliance(服从)rateamongitshousingestates.AccordingtoareportbytheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,over90percentofthepublicbelievethatgarbage-sortingisimportantfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.However,garbage-sortingisstillabigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantssaidtheythinktheyarecompletelysortingtheirwaste,thereportnoted.AccordingtoXinhua,it’spartlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingnesstosorttheirownwaste.Also,somepreviousgarbageregulationsdidn’tincludefinesforpeoplewhofailedtoobeythem.“It’samusttohavealegalguaranteetopromotegarbagesorting,”LiuJianguo,aprofessorfromTsinghuaUniversity,toldChinaDaily,“AsidefromChina,manycountrieslikeGermany,SpainandBritain,alsoaskpeopletosortwasteintospecificcategories.InJapan,thereisafixedtimeforthesortingofeachkindofgarbageandlittering.”8.WhatcanwelearnaboutthenewregulationinBeijing?A.Ithasn’tbeenputintouseyet.B.Residentscansortthegarbageastheylike.C.Peoplecangetmoneyiftheyclassifytheirdomesticwastecorrectly.D.Thosewhocan’tsortthegarbageasthenewrulerequiresshallbefined.9.What’stheproblemingarbagesortinginChina?A.Mostpeopleareunawareofitsimportanceinprotectingenvironment.B.Somepeopledon’twanttotakethetroubletosortthegarbage.C.Onlyresidentsinbigcitiescansortthetrashcorrectly.D.Thegovernmentdoesn’thaveenoughmoneytosupportgarbagesorting.10.WhatcanweinferfromLiuJianguo’swords?A.It’sdifficulttocarryoutgarbagesortinginChina.B.Somelawsingarbage-sortingareneeded.C.Peopleindevelopedcountriescanbettersortthegarbage.D.WeshouldlearnfromJapan.11.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Garbagesorting,anewstartinChina B.NewregulationsinBeijingC.Argumentongarbagesorting D.HowtosortdomesticgarbageWhenparentsdiscovertheirchildrenhaveliedtothemforthefirsttime,itcanoftencomeasashocktofindtheirlittletreasuresarecapableofsuchatrick.Butnewresearchhassuggestedmanyparentsmaynotevennoticemanyoftheliestheirchildrentellthem.Psychologistshavediscoveredthatmostparentsareover-confidentintheirchildren'shonestyandthismayimpairtheirabilitytodiscoveralie.Thefindingsmayhelptoexplainwhysomeparentsseemtobewillingtolettheirchildrengetawaywith(未受惩罚)almostanythingeveninthefaceoftheevidence.Theysayparentssufferfroma“truthbias(偏见)”withtheirownyoungsters,butwhenfacedwithliesfromotherpeople'schildren,theyhavelessdifficultytellingifastatementistrueornot.DrAngelaEvans,apsychologistatBrockUniversityinCanada,said,“Thecloserelationshipthatparentssharewiththeirownchildrenmayleadtoparentsfailingtodetecttheirchildren'slies.Parents'truthbiasmayresultinparentsbeinglessdoubtfulabouttheirchildren,allowingthemtosuccessfullycheatthem.”Mostchildrenarethoughttostartlyingasearlyastwoyearsoldbutstarttellingmorebelievableliesataroundtheageoffouryearsold.Learninghowtolieisconsideredasakeypartofcognitive(认知的)andsocialdevelopmentinchildren.Butmanyparentsareshockedwhentheirchildrenstartlyingtothem.Intheirstudy,DrEvansandhercolleaguesfilmed108childrenagedbetween8and16astheyperformedatestafterbeingaskednottolookattheanswers.Theywerethenaskedafterwardsiftheyhadlooked,with50truthfullydenyinglooking,49lyingaboutlookingand9admittingtolooking.Videosofthosedenyinglookingwerethenshownto152parentsofchildrenaged8to16,80ofwhomhadchildrenwhohadtakenpartinthetest.Theresearchersfoundthattheparentswerelessabletospotliestoldbytheirownchildrenthanbyotherpeople'schildren.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impair”inParagraph2mean?A.show. B.develop.C.damage. D.recognize.13.Whenlyingtotheirparents,childrencan'tbeeasilyfoundbecause________.A.theirparentspretendnottoseethelies B.theirparentsaren'tpreparedfortheliesC.theyareverygoodathidingtheirlies D.theyknowhowtolietotheirparents14.WhatdoesDrEvanswanttofindaboutchildren'slying?A.Whatmakesparentslosetrustintheirchildren.B.Whatcauseschildrentotellliestotheirparents.C.Whatmakesparentsfailtoseetheirchildren'slies.D.Whataffectschildren'srelationswiththeirparents.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromDrEvans'sstudyinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Parentstendtoprotecttheirownchildren.B.Lyingisapartofchildren'sdevelopment.C.Childrenaged8to16areverylikelytotelllies.D.Parentscanjudgeliestoldbychildrenofothersmoreeasily.第二部分七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereisahugepowerinknowinghowtomakeadjustmentsinlife.Infact,it’spossibletoturnfailureintosuccessbymakingtherightadjustments.___16___Whateveryourstationinlife,everyonewillfacewhatIcallthe3Cs:changes,challengesandchoices.Thefollowingaresomesimplebutpowerfultipstohelpyoumakeeffectivelifeadjustments.___17___Mostpeopleseewiththeireyesbutveryfewpeopleknowhowtoobserve.Thedifferencebetweenseeingandobservingislikethedifferencebetweenreadingandstudying.Onefactorinhelpingyoutolistenbetteristohearnotonlywhatpeoplesaybutalsowhattheydon’tsay.Readingbodylanguageandvoiceinflection(音调变化)canhelpyoulistenbetweenthelines.Alltheseplayaneffectiveroleinhelpingyoutothinkwithyoureyesandears.Learntogowiththeflow.Thepeoplewholearntomakethebestlifeadjustmentscandevelopthehabitofgoingwiththeflow.___18___Noticepeoplewhocangowiththeflowandyouwillfindapersonwithsharpinstinctstheydependon.___19___Ifyoucankeepanattitudeofpreparationfor3Cs,you’llhavethebestchanceofmakingeffectivelifeadjustments.Asthesayinggoes,ifyoustayready,youdonothavetogetready.___20___A.Listentowhatpeopledon’tsay.B.So,what’soneofthekeyfactorsforpeoplewhofailtomakelifeadjustments?C.Learntothinkwithyoureyesandears.D.Thebestwaytodothatistotrustyourinstincts.E.Bepreparedforchanges,challengesandchoices.F.Thekeyisinknowingwheretheyareneededandhowmuch.G.That’sthebestadviceforanyonewhowantstomakethebestlifeadjustmentsandwin!第三部分完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasahot,dampsummerday.AfterI____21____mytankinthelocalgasstation,Istartedtowalkinsidetopay.JustthenInoticedtwoelderly____22____standingbackfromtheircar.Therewasamixtureofshockand____23____ontheirfaces.Ifollowedtheir____24____andsawwhattheysaw:fiveyellowjacketswerebuildinga____25____aroundtheirgascap.Myeyes____26____.Isharedtheladies'fear.Yellowjacketshadneverbeen____27____tome.WhenIwasayoungboy,afriendofmineandIwere____28____andplayinginmybackyard.Imusthave____29____ononeoftheirhiddennestswhilerunning.____30____,bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbytheyellowjackets.Weranaway____31____withgreatfear.Mymom____32____ranacoldbathandputusbothinittoeasethepainanditching(瘙痒)____33____givingusmedicinetofightallthepoisoninourlittlebodiesfromthestings.IknewIcouldn'tletfearstopmenow.I____34____mybackpocketforapapertowelIhadthere,toreoutthenestandsteppedonitwhilethe____35____wasps(黄蜂)buzzedaroundme.____36____oftheladiesthankedmeexcitedly.Ismiled,andnervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith____37____.Inthislife,youcan'tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyor____38____keepyoufromdoingwhatisright.Weneedtogo____39____ourselvesandloveeachother.Don'tlettheyellowjacketsinyourlife____40____youback.21.A.filled B.moved C.charged D.emptied22.A.men B.women C.drivers D.jackets23.A.anger B.pain C.sadness D.fear24.A.nose B.ears C.eyes D.mouth25.A.room B.nest C.house D.hall26.A.widened B.closed C.opened D.lowed27.A.lovely B.likely C.friendly D.carefully28.A.jumping B.climbing C.walking D.running29.A.removed B.stepped C.paced D.searched30.A.Asaresult B.Afterall C.Aboveall D.Atthesametime31.A.discussing B.exploring C.screaming D.laughing32.A.nervously B.suddenly C.casually D.immediately33.A.after B.while C.before D.until34.A.reachedinto B.arrivedin C.gotto D.pulledout35.A.happy B.angry C.sad D.worried36.A.Neither B.Both C.All D.None37.A.pain B.surprise C.doubt D.joy38.A.heartedly B.intelligently C.emotionally D.punctually39.A.through B.back C.ahead D.beyond40.A.hold B.set C.hang D.give第II卷（非选择题共50分）第四部分语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。KeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneofthe____41____(effect)waystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.____42____(compare)withotherformsofwriting,itisshorterandtakes____43____（little）time.ItcanhelpustodevelopthehabitofthinkinginEnglish.____44____weinsistinthispractice,graduallywe’lllearnhowtoexpress____45____(we)inEnglish.InkeepingadiaryinEnglish,wecertainlycomeacrossmany____46____(difficult).Inthefirstplace,____47____oftenhappensthatwehavetrouble____48____(find)properwordsandphrasestogiveexpressiontoourmind.Secondly,therearemanyidiomaticwaysofsayingthingsinChinese.AsfarasI’m____49____(concern),mysuggestionisthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.WecanalsoturntoourEnglishteacherforhelp,ifnecessary.Inshort,IbelievethatitisofgreatusetokeepadiaryinEnglishfor____50____developmentofourwritingskills.第五部分短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。短文中有10处错误，每句最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IwasonmywayschoolthisafternoonwhenImetwithayoungAmericancouple.Theylookedworrying,soIwentuptothemandaskedifonlythey'dlikeanyhelp.Theysaidthattheywantedtogototherailwaystation,buttheydidn'tknowtheway.Heardthis,Iofferedtoleadthemhere.Theyweresothankfultomethattheysaid"thankyou"againandagainbutIfeltveryproudofme.ButwhenIarrivedattheschool,Ifoundmyselflaterforclass.Ihadtoexplainthathadhappenedtomyteacher.ShesaidIhavedoneagooddeedandpraisedme.第六部分书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Lisa学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：（1）时间和地点；（2）内容：学习唐诗（Tangpoetry）；（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearLisa,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua########################################################################################【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了四处假期极好的去处及各自特色。1.细节理解题。根据St.Lucia中plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.和Banff.Alberta中Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.可知在St.Lucia和Banff人们都可以徒步旅行，故选C.2.细节理解题。根据MachuPicchu中avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.和SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.可知历史学家们可知在这里参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址，体验印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。故选A.3.推理判断题。根据GreatBarrierReef中largeamountsofcoralbleaching(褪色)causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace’scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.可知海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色，对大堡礁的存在造成了威胁。由此可推断如果温度继续升高，大堡礁可能会消失。故选D.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过一位老人买饼干而没钱付账的经历告诉我们可以把同情的愿望转化为行动。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.”可知，结账时这个老人说自己没有钱了，问我他可不可以先把饼干拿走，第二天再把钱送来，故B项正确。2.推理判断题。根据第一段老人身上连买饼干的钱都没有及第二段中的“allaloneintheworld.”可知，他又穷又孤独，故C项正确。3.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.”可知，商店的规定不允许先拿货后付钱，作者想保住这份工作所以不敢违反规定，故C项正确。4.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.”可知，同情是我们内心帮助别人的愿望，通过努力，我们可以把它转化为行动，也就是说作者从这个经历中学到了同情意味着以某种方式帮助别人，故D项正确。【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这一政策的相关规定，说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题，以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Peoplewhofailtosorttheirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.”可知据新华社报道，没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。由此可知，那些不能按照北京新规则的要求进行垃圾分类的人将被罚款。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However,garbage-sortingisstillabigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantssaidtheythinktheyarecompletelysortingtheirwaste,thereportnoted.AccordingtoXinhua,it’spartlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingnesstosorttheirownwaste.”可知然而，垃圾分类在中国仍然是一个大问题。报告指出，只有30%的受访者表示，他们认为自己已经完全对垃圾进行了分类。据新华社报道，部分原因是许多人不愿意对自己的垃圾进行分类。由此可知，中国垃圾分类的问题是有些人嫌垃圾分类麻烦。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’samusttohavealegalguaranteetopromotegarbagesorting,”LiuJianguo,aprofessorfromTsinghuaUniversity,toldChinaDaily,“AsidefromChina,manycountrieslikeGermany,SpainandBritain,alsoaskpeopletosortwasteintospecificcategories.InJapan,thereisafixedtimeforthesortingofeachkindofgarbageandlittering.”可知清华大学教授刘建国在接受《中国日报》采访时表示：“推广垃圾分类必须有法律保障。除中国外，德国、西班牙和英国等许多国家也要求人们对垃圾进行分类。在日本，垃圾分类的时间是固定的。”由此可推知，刘建国认为需要制定一些垃圾分类的法律。故选B。4.标题归纳题。根据第一段中“SinceMay1,Beijinghasstartedtocarryoutmandatorygarbage-sortinginneweffortstobetterprotecttheenvironment.Underthenewregulation,residentsarerequiredtoclassifyhouseholdwasteintofourcategories:kitchen,recyclable,hazardousandotherwaste.Peoplewhofailtosorttheirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.”可知自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。根据新规定，居民需要将生活垃圾分为四类：厨房垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和其他垃圾。据新华社报道，没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。结合文章主要说明了自5月1日起，北京开始实施强制垃圾分类，以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这一政策的相关规定，说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题，以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。由此可知，A选项“垃圾分类，中国的新起点”最符合文章标题。故选A。【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述父母对孩子的诚实过于自信，和自己孩子的亲密关系而无法察觉孩子的谎言，所以当发现孩子说谎时感到震惊，并对此原因进行了研究和说明。1.词义猜测题。根据第一段“Butnewresearchhassuggestedmanyparentsmaynotevennoticemanyoftheliestheirchildrentellthem.（但新的研究表明，许多父母甚至可能没有注意到他们的孩子对他们说的许多谎言）”以及这个单词的上半句“Psychologistshavediscoveredthatmostparentsareover-confidentintheirchildren'shonesty（心理学家发现，大多数父母对孩子的诚实过于自信）”由此可知父母可能会忽视自己的孩子说谎，由此推断“thismayimpairtheirabilitytodiscoveralie.”意为这可能会破坏或者削弱父母发现孩子说谎的能力，故猜测impair意为“削弱，破坏”，A.show展示；B.develop开发；C.damage损坏；D.recognize认出，故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychologistshavediscoveredthatmostparentsareover-confidentintheirchildren'shonestyandthismayimpairtheirabilitytodiscoveralie.Thefindingsmayhelptoexplainwhysomeparentsseemtobewillingtolettheirchildrengetawaywith(未受惩罚)almostanythingeveninthefaceoftheevidence.（心理学家发现，大多数父母对孩子的诚实过于自信，这可能会削弱他们发现谎言的能力。这些发现可能有助于解释为什么一些父母似乎愿意让他们的孩子侥幸逃脱，即使面对证据。）”和第四段“Thecloserelationshipthatparentssharewiththeirownchildrenmayleadtoparentsfailingtodetecttheirchildren'slies.（父母与孩子之间的亲密关系可能会导致父母无法察觉孩子的谎言）”等内容可知父母对孩子过于自信，不愿意接受孩子说谎的事实，父母和孩子关系亲密，一般无法察觉孩子的谎言，即他们对孩子说谎的事实没有做好心理准备。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第四段“DrAngelaEvans,apsychologistatBrockUniversityinCanada,said,“Thecloserelationshipthatparentssharewiththeirownchildrenmayleadtoparentsfailingtodetecttheirchildren'slies.Parents'truthbiasmayresultinparentsbeinglessdoubtfulabouttheirchildren,allowingthemtosuccessfullycheatthem.”（加拿大布鲁克大学的心理学家安吉拉·埃文斯博士说：“父母与孩子之间的亲密关系可能会导致父母无法察觉孩子的谎言。父母的真相偏见可能会导致父母减少对孩子的怀疑，从而让他们成功地欺骗孩子。”）”可知，他想要发现父母不能成功识别孩子谎言的原因，故选C。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Videosofthosedenyinglookingwerethenshownto152parentsofchildrenaged8to16,80ofwhomhadchildrenwhohadtakenpartinthetest.Theresearchersfoundthattheparentswerelessabletospotliestoldbytheirownchildrenthanbyotherpeople'schildren.（随后，研究人员将那些否认自己偷看的孩子的视频展示给152名8岁至16岁孩子的父母看，其中的80人的孩子也参加了测试。研究人员发现，父母辨别自己孩子的谎言的能力不如辨别别人孩子的谎言的能力）”可推断，父母判断别人的孩子说谎比判断自己孩子说谎更容易，故选D。【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.E20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，每个人在生活中会面对3Cs（变化、挑战和选择），对于它们，文章给出了一些简单有效的建议帮助读者做出有效的生活调整，从而变得成功。1.由上一句“事实上，通过正确的调整，有可能把失败变成成功。”可知，承接上文，F选项“关键是要知道哪里需要它们，需要多少。”切题。该选项中的they对应上文中的therightadjustments。故选F项。2.此空是小标题，应从ACE三项中做出选择。由下文的“大多数人用眼睛看，但很少有人知道如何观察。看和观察的区别就像阅读和学习的区别。帮助你更好地倾听的一个因素是不仅要听别人说什么，还要听别人没说什么。”可知，承接下文，C选项“学会用眼睛和耳朵思考。”切题。该选项中的eyesandears对应下文中的observe和hear。故选C项。3.由空前一句“学会调整生活的人可以养成随波逐流的习惯。”和空后一句“学注意那些能随波逐流的人，你会发现一个依赖敏锐直觉的人。”可知，承接上下文，D选项“最好的办法就是相信你的直觉。”切题。该选项中的instincts对应下文中的sharpinstincts。故选D项。4.此空是小标题，应从ACE三项中做出选择。由下文中的“如果你能保持一种为3Cs做准备的态度，你将有最好的机会做出有效的生活调整。”可知，承接下文，E选项“为变化、挑战和选择做好准备。”切题。该选项中的Bepreparedforchanges,challengesandchoices对应下文中的preparationfor3Cs。故选E项。5.由上一句“俗话说，如果你准备好了，就不需要准备。”可知，承接上文，G选项“对于那些想作出最好的生活调整并取得胜利的人来说，这是最好的建议！”切题。故选G项。【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.C34.A35.B36.B37.D38.C39.D40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个炎热潮湿的夏日，作者尽管怕黄蜂，但还是勇敢地帮人捣掉蜂巢的故事。作者通过这个故事告诉我们，我们要克服恐惧，超越自我。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在当地的加油站加满油后，我开始走进去付钱。A.filled装满；B.moved移动；C.charged控诉，收费；D.emptied清空。根据后文“Istartedtowalkinsidetopay.”可知，作者应该是加满油后去付款。故选A。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我注意到两个老妇人站在车后。A.men男人；B.women女人；C.drivers司机；D.jackets夹克衫。根据后文“Isharedtheladies'fear.”可知，此处指两个老妇人站在车后。故选B。3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的脸上流露出震惊和恐惧。A.anger生气；B.pain痛苦；C.sadness悲伤；D.fear恐惧。根据后文“Isharedtheladies'fear.”可知，这两个老妇人感到恐惧。故选D。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我顺着他们的眼睛看去，看到了他们看到的东西:五只黄蜂正在他们的气帽周围筑巢。A.nose鼻子；B.ears耳朵；C.eyes眼睛；D.mouth嘴巴。根据后文“sawwhattheysaw”可知，此处需用动词see，表示作者顺着他们的眼睛看去。故选C。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.room房间；B.nest巢穴；C.house房屋；D.hall大厅。根据后文倒数第二段“toreoutthenestandsteppedonit”可知，此处指黄蜂在筑巢。故选B。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛睁得很大。A.widened(眼睛)睁大；B.closed关闭；C.opened打开；D.lowed降低。根据后文“Isharedtheladies'fear.”可知，因为恐惧，作者眼睛睁得很大。故选A。7.考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：黄蜂对我从来都不友好。A.lovely可爱的；B.likely可能的；C.friendly友好的；D.carefully小心地。根据后文“bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbytheyellowjackets.”可知，因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬过，所以此处需用形容词friendly，表示黄蜂对我从来都不友好。故选C。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我和一个朋友在我的后院跑步玩耍。A.jumping跳跃；B.climbing爬；C.walking行走；D.running奔跑。根据后文“whilerunning.”可知，作者和朋友在后院奔跑玩耍。故选D。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一定是在跑的时候踩到了他们的一个隐蔽巢穴。A.removed移走；B.stepped踩踏；C.paced踱步；D.searched寻找。根据后文“bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbytheyellowjackets.”可知，因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬了，由此可推知此处指作者在跑步时踩到了蜂巢。故选B。10.考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：结果，我们俩都被黄蜂一次又一次地追赶和叮咬。A.Asaresult结果；B.Afterall毕竟；C.Aboveall尤其重要的是；D.Atthesametime同时；前文说作者踩到了黄蜂的蜂巢，后文说作者被黄蜂叮咬，空后表示结果，需用asaresult。故选A。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们吓得尖叫着跑开了。A.discussing讨论；B.exploring探索；C.screaming尖叫；D.laughing大笑。前文说作者和朋友被黄蜂追赶叮咬，所以空处需用screaming，表示作者和朋友吓得尖叫着跑开了。故选C。12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈马上给我们洗了个冷水澡，让我们俩都泡在里面来缓解疼痛和瘙痒，然后给我们开了一些药来对抗我们小身体里的所有毒素。A.nervously紧张地；B.suddenly突然地；C.casually随意地；D.immediately立刻。因为作者和朋友被黄蜂叮咬了，所以此处需用副词immediately，表示妈妈马上给作者和朋友洗了个冷水澡。故选D。13.考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.after在……之后；B.while当……时候；C.before在……之前；D.until直到。根据常识可知，应该在用药前洗澡，所以此处需用连词before。故选C。14.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我从后面的口袋里掏出纸巾，扯出蜂巢，踩在上面，愤怒的黄蜂在我周围嗡嗡作响。A.reachedinto伸进；B.arrivedin到达；C.gotto到达；D.pulledout退出。根据后文“mybackpocketforapapertowelIhadthere”可知，此处指作者伸手去口袋拿纸巾。故选A。15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.happy开心的；B.angry生气的；C.sad悲伤的；D.worried着急的。根据前文“toreoutthenestandsteppedonit”可知，因为作者扯出蜂巢，踩在上面，所以黄蜂愤怒。故选B。16.考查代词词义辨析。句意：两位女士都兴奋地向我道谢。A.Neither两者都不；B.Both两者都；C.All全部(三者以及以上)；D.None都不(三者以及以上)。根据前文“JustthenInoticedtwoelderly_____standingbackfromtheircar.”可知，此处有两位女士，所以排除选项C和D，再结合前文描述可知，因为作者帮忙弄走了蜂巢，所以这两位女士都很兴奋。故选B。17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，紧张和恐惧被喜悦所取代。A.pain痛苦；B.surprise惊讶；C.doubt怀疑；D.joy开心。根据前文“Ismiled”可知，因为作者笑了，由此可知，作者感到开心而不是恐惧和紧张。故选D。18.考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这一生中，你不能让身体上或情感上的恐惧阻碍你做正确的事。A.heartedly铭记在心地；B.intelligently聪明地；C.emotionally情感上地；D.punctually准时地。由空前副词“physically”可知，空处需用副词emotionally与之对应。故选C。19.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们需要超越自我，彼此相爱。A.through通过；B.back向后；C.ahead向前；D.beyond超过。根据作者前文克服恐惧帮助两位老妇人弄走马蜂窝和空后“andloveeachother.”可知，此处指超越自己，彼此相爱。故选D。20.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要让生活中的“黄蜂”阻碍你前进。A.hold容纳，扣留；B.set设置；C.hang悬挂；D.give给。根据前文一句描述可知，作者建议我们要超越自我，所以此处指我们不能让生活中的“黄蜂”阻碍前进；holdback阻碍，固定短语，符合题意。故选A。【答案】41.effective42.Compared43.less44.If45.ourselves46.difficulties47.it48.finding49.concerned50.the【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述用英语写日记的好处。1.考查形容词。句意：用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。根据句意可知，提示词effect在句中作定语，修饰名词ways，应用形容词effective，意为“有效的”。故填effective。2.考查非谓语动词。句