2021届高三英语零诊考试试题

2021届高三英语零诊考试试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题，共00分）和第II卷非选择题，共50分）两部分。总分150分，考试时间120分钟。第］卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡上。并检查条形码粘贴是否正确。2.1-60小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写在答题卡对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后，将答题卡收回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whatwillthewomandotonight?Doherwork.Seeafilm.C.Datewiththeman.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?Atabank.Onthestreet.Atahotel.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?HelikeswatchingTV.HethinkswelloftheInternet.HeisgoingtobuyaTV.Whenisthewomangoingtoattendherswimminglessonthisafternoon?At4:30.B.At5:15.C.At4:45.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?Heisquiteconfidentofhimself.Heisupsetaboutlosinghisjob.Hehasfoundanotherjob.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whatupsetsthewoman?Toomanypeopleattheriver.Thetrashontheriverbank.Theheavilypollutedriver.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?Pickupthetrash.Stoppeoplelittering.Holdaswimmingcontest.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatcanweknowaboutthewriter?Hewasborndisabled.Helikestogosightseeing.Hehaswrittenmanybooks.Howdothespeakersfeelaboutthewriter?C.Amused.Sympathetic.B.Inspired.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。C.Amused.Howdoesthemanwanttolearnwriting?Studyinginaclassroom.B.Self-teaching.TakingacourseontheInternet.Whydoesthemanwanttotakewritingcourses?Tobecomeaprofessionalwriter.Tomakemoremoney.Toenjoythefunofwriting.Whatbrochurewillthemanreceive?Creativewriting.Fictionwriting.Businesswriting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。Whywasthewomanabsentfromtheparty?Shewasstudyingforthefinal.Shedidn'tlikesocialactivities.ShevisitedLily.Whenwillthefinalbe?Aboutaweeklater.Abouttwoweekslater.Aboutamonthlater.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecomingfinal?Confident.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.Whatwillthemandonext?Stayupstudying.Takenotesinclass.AskLilyforhelp.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。WhatisWSPlookingfor?Projectorganizers.Volunteers.Projectdesigners.WhatistheJapanproject?Short-term.B.Medium-term.C.Long-term.WhatwillyoudoifyoutakepartinthePolandproject?Playwiththechildren.Improvethechildren'sholidaycenter.Takecareofthechildren.WhatistheIndiaprojectfor?Poorchildren.Homelesschildren.Childrenwithdisabilities.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。NewZealandisoneofthebestcountriesintheworldtoexperiencehowlifemighthavebeeninprehistorictimes.NewZealandisanaturelover'sparadise（乐园）withitsconservationreserves.KaharoaConservationTheKaharoaConservationishometoanumberofendangeredbirdsandtheNorthIslandKokakoisjustoneofthem.TheKokakoispossiblyNewZealand'smostbeautifulsongbirdwithsuchavarietyofwhistles,clicks,buzzesandwhirrsinitssoundrange,onebirdsoundslikeachorus!MokaihahaEcologicalAreaRichinMaorihistory,theMokaihahaEcologicalAreahashighconservationandscientificvalue.BirdlifefeaturesthisnaturalwonderlandwiththesymphonyincludingsuchstarsastheTui,Kereru,Fantail,BellbirdandtheendangeredKokako.WhakarewarewaForestConservationParkIfmountainbikingisyourthing,thenthisistheplaceforyou!TheWhakarewarewaForestprovidesanetworkoftracksthroughexceptionallyimpressivescenerythathasmadeRotoruafamousforitsmountainbiking.MaungatautariEcologicalIslandAprojectofgreatecologicalimportanceisbeingundertakenbyacommunityaimedattherestorationofMaungatautarivolcanoforest.ThevolcanoforesthassustainedthelivesofitswildlifeforhundredsofyearsbutsincetheintroductionofEuropeanpestssuchasdeer,rabbits,goats,pigsandrats,thenativevarietiesofmammals,birdsandplantshavebeenfacingthreats.Theaimofthecourageousprojectistogetridofallintroducedpestsfromthe3363hectaresofforest.Luckily,lifeintheforestofMaungatautariisbeginningtoawakenagain.WhatisspecialaboutthebirdKokako?Itcanmakedifferentsounds.Itisanendangeredspecies.ItonlylivesintheKaharoaConservation.Itisthemostbeautifulbirdsintheworld.Whichissuitableformountainbikinglovers?KaharoaConservation.MokaihahaEcologicalArea.WhakarewarewaForestConservationPark.MaungatautariEcologicalIsland.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaungatautariEcologicalIsland?Thereisalivevolcanoontheisland.Introducedspeciesthreatennativeones.Therestorationprojectisofnoeffect.ItisrichinMaorihistory.BItwasabout10:15p.m.JaniceEspositogotoffthetrainattheBellport,NewYork,gotintohercarandbegandrivinghome.Shehadtraveledtheroutesomanytimesthatshealmostdroveautomatically:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleftonMontaukHighway,andthen—bang!OutofnowhereacarcrashedintoEsposito'scar,pushingherbackwardsome100feetontotherailroadtracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shegotstuckinthevehicle.Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasgettingreadyforbedwhenheheardthecrashcomingfromnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Avolunteerfirefighterandretiredteacher,DiPinto,64,neverstoppedtothink.Hegrabbedaflashlightandrushedout.“AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatIdid,”hesaid.“We'realwaysonduty.”Thefirstcarhecameupon,2,000feetfromhisfrontyard,wastheonethathadhitEsposito.OncemakingsurethedriverwasOK,helookedaroundandspottedEsposito'scarstraddling（骑跨）therailroadtracks.Andthenheheardabellsound,whichsignaledacomingtrain.DiPintorushedtoEsposito'scarandhitonthedriver'ssidewindow.Shejustlookedathim,“Idon'tknowwhereIam,”shesaid.“You'reontherailroadtracks,”DiPintoyelled.“Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!”Thetrainwastravelingataspeedof65milesperhourtowardthem.Thedriver'sdoorcouldn'tbeopenedduetothecrash,soDiPintorantothepassengerside.Hethrewopenthedoor,pushedasidetheairbags,seizedEsposito'sarms,andpulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilhefinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasquicklyashecould.Withinseconds,thetraincrashedintothecar.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,”DiPintotoldreportersthenextday.“Lastnight,”saidGregMiglinoChiefoftheSouthCountryAmbulance,“theheroarrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.”Whatcanweknowabouttheaccidentfromthefirstparagraph?Espositowasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.Espositowasdrivingtoofast.Thecrashwasviolent.Itshouldhavebeenavoided.Whywasthesituationsodangerous?Espositowasbadlyinjured.Espositowastobehitbythetrain.Espositowasfirmlystuckinthecar.Thedriver'sdoorcouldn'tbeopened.WhatdoesGregMiglinoreallymean?HeispraisingDiPinto'sheroicaction.DiPintodidn'tactasprofessionally.Afirefightershouldbereadyanytime.Firetrucksarenotenoughforemergencies.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?Awomanhadanaccidentonthewayhomeatnight.Awomanhadanarrowdeathescape.Afirefightermanagedtobecomeaheroovernight.Afirefightersavedawomanfromafurtheraccident.CBlackrhinos（犀牛）haveterribleeyesight.Evenso,theseAfricangiantseasilyfendoffhungrypredatorssuchaslionsandhyenas.TheirbasicbodyplanhasprovedtobegoodenoughtosurviveonAfricangrasslandsfulloflargepredators,beingverylarge,thickskinned,bigsword-likehorns.Butthoseprotectivetraits（特征）arenomatchforhumanswithguns.Todaythespeciesiscriticallyendangeredlargelyduetopoaching.Buttherhinosmayhaveanunlikelyallyagainstpoachers:theredbilledoxpecker.Thechatty,sociablebirdsoftenhangoutonthebacksofrhinos,feastingonparasiticticks（寄生虫）.Andactually,researchhasshownthatthetickisthefavoritedietofanoxpecker.Thebirdsalsogetnutrientsbypickingatsoresontherhinos'bodies.VictoriaUniversityofMelbournebehavioralecologistRoanPlotzsuspectedthattherhinosputupwiththisindignitybecausetheoxpeckersmakeloudalarmcallswhenevertheyseehumansapproach,givingtherhinosanearlywarningtoflee.Totestwhethertheoxpeckersdo,infact,actasnoisylookouts,Plotzandhisteamimplanted（植入）radiotransmittersintherhinos'horns.Thisdidn'thurttherhinosandallowedtheresearcherstotracktheanimals.“Andapproachthemundetected,whentheoxpeckerswereonthebackandwhentheoxpeckerswerenotontheirbacks,togetanideaofifthebirdsdoalarmthemandiftherhinosdolisten.”Theresearchersfoundthatrhinoswithoutoxpeckersdetectedanapproachinghumanonly23percentofthetime,atanaveragedistanceof27meters.Butwhenoxpeckerswerepresent,thebirdsalarmedtherhinos100percentofthetime.Andtheydetectedthehuman61metersawayonaverage.Andthemoreoxpeckersonthescene,thegreaterthedetectiondistance.“Itmakessensebecausethemoreeyesyouhaveonyourback,lookingoutforyou,themorechancethattheycanpickupanythingcoming.Therecanbenodoubtthattherhinoislisteningontheoxpeckeralarmcall.”Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraphmean?Defendagainst.B.Feed.C.Hidefrom.D.Attract.—29.Whydothebirdshangonthebackofrhinos?Toprotectrhinosfrompoachers.Toseekprotectionfromrhinos.Tofindfoodovertherhino'sbody.Toletrhinoscarrythemaround.Whatdotheresearchersfind?Rhinoshavepooreyesight.Thebirdsalarmandrhinoslisten.Therearemanyticksonrhinos.Thebirdshavesharpeyes.Whatcanbestdescribetherelationshipbetweenthebirdsandrhinos?Theyprotecteachotherfromdangers.Theyarefoodsourceforeachother.Theydependoneachotherforsurvival.Theyhavewin-winpartnership.Mentalhealthisdeteriorating(恶化)amongyoungpeopleglobally.Theincidenceofdepressionandanxietyisincreasing,andthisnotonlylowersqualityoflife,butcanhavealastingnegativeimpactasanadolescentreachesadulthood.Manyexpertsaretryingtogetattherootcausesofthisdecline,inordertofindwaystopreventfurtherdeteriorationandtoprovidemoreeffectivehelpwhenneeded.Two“emergingdeterminantsofinterest”are(a)overuseofscreenbasedtechnology,and(b)toolittletimespentinnature.Mostresearchtodatehasconsideredthesefactorsindependently,butagroupofscientistsfromUniversityofAdelaiderecentlydecidedtolookatthemjointly,toseeifthecombinationofhighscreentime(ST)andlow“greentime”(GT),couldaffectmentalwellbeing.TheresultispublishedonSeptember4,2020,inthescientificjournalPLOSOne.Init,theresearchersanalyzeddatafrom186studiesthatlookedatchildren'sinteractionswithscreenbasedtechnologyandnatureandtheirpsychologicaloutcomes,includingmentalhealth,cognitive(认知的)functioning,andacademicachievement.Whattheyfoundwasthat,ingeneral,excessivescreentimeresultsinpoorerpsychologicalhealth,whereasgreentimeimprovesmentalwellbeing.TenyearsagointheU.S.,theaveragedailyscreentimefor8-to-18-year-oldswas7.5hours.Asthestudystates,“ThisgreatlyexceedsrecreationalSTguidelinesof2hoursorlessperday,”andismadeevenmorechallengingbythefactthatsomanyschoolsareusingtechnologytoteachclasses.Whilesomescreentimecanbebeneficial,suchaspromotingconnectionsandenablingtaskstobedonemoreefficiently,therearemanywaysinwhichitisharmful.Excessivescreentime“replacesimportantprotectivebehaviorsformentalhealthsuchasphysicalactivity,gettingadequatesleep,inpersonsocialinteractions,andacademicactivities.”Andyet,whenchildrendogooutside,theybecomemorephysicallyactive.Theirday-nightrhythmisregulated,thankstotheexposuretosunlight,thus“encouraginghealthysleepwakecyclesandimprovedsleep,whichiskeyforpsychologicalwell-being.”TheresearchoftheUniversityofAdelaideisdifferentbecause?A.Theresearcherstriedtofindtherootcauses.Theresearchersanalyzedlargeamountsofdata.Theresearcherstriedtofindasolution.TheycombinedSTandGT.Whatarethefindingsoftheirresearch?A.Mentalhealthisworseningamongyoungpeopleglobally.Schooltechnologycontributestothemostscreentime.STandGThaveoppositeimpactonmentalhealth.Guidelinesofscreentimeshouldn'tbemorethantwohours.Whydoesoverscreentimeaffectmentalhealth?A.Itreplacesmentallyhealthybehaviors.Thereistoomuchunhealthyinformationonthescreen.Teenscan'tbreakawayfromscreenaddiction.Teenscan'tsleepwellafterscreentime.Whatisimpliedinthepassage?A.Overscreentimeworsensteens'health.Teensneedmoregreentime,lessscreentime.Teensshouldbebannedfromanyscreentime.Screen-basedtechnologyshouldn'tbeallowedinschools.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Technologyhasdonewondersforsociety.Healthcare,transportation,andcommunicationhavealsoimproveddramaticallyinrecentyears.However,itcan'tbedeniedthatthefastpaced,convenience-orientedmindsetofmodernsocietyhassignificantlyshortenedattentionspans.36.Thefollowingwaysmayhelpyouimproveyourfocussoyoucanbetterseizeeverymoment.37It'salreadybeendeterminedthatelectronicsarecausingmanytolosefocus.Therearealmosttoomuchinformationandentertainmentforustohandlewitheasyaccesstosocialmedia.Togetyourscreentimeundercontrol,removesocialmediaappsandgamesfromyourphone.RemovedistractionsYourmobiledevicewon'tbetheonlythingcallingforyourattention.Anynumberofdistractionscansqueezeyourattention.Evenminordistractions,suchasbackgroundnoisecancauseyoutolosefocus.38.TakenotesIfyoufindyourselfinaparticularlyboringmeetingorclassroomenvironment,youmayaswellbebeggingforsomethingtodistractyou.Thisattitudecarriesovertoeventhemostimportantofmeetings,whereyoucouldmissvitalinformation39.Thisactivitydemandsyourfocus,whichwillhelpwiththatshortattentionspan.GettherightamountofsleepGetpropersleepToimproveyourattentionspan,makesureyou'regettingtherightamountofsleepeverynight.Developaconsistentsleepschedulethathelpsyougettobedatadecenttimeeachnight.Thiswillhelpyoustaywell-restedeachday.Toolittlesleepstretchesyouthin,whiletoomuchcanmakeyoufeelweakandinactive.40.A.ControlyourscreentimeGetinvolvedinreal-worldactivitiesBothareextremesthatyou'llwanttoavoidYoucanstarttakingnotestochangethismindsetItcannegativelyaffectyourworkandpersonallifeFigureoutwhattheyare,andyoucanworkonremovingthemItimprovesmemoryprovidesphysicalremindersforthoseimportantdetails第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂KJ7I黑。ItwasmidOctoberwhenIspottedthem.Theywerethefirst41decorationsoftheyear.Itwasthe42ofthe10weekperiodwhenthestoresdoalltheycantogetusto43allwecan.ItwasthegreatChristmasshopping44andthebiggerthegiftsthebetter.Ishookmyhead45andwalkedon,butthena46memorycamebackintomymind.Itwaslate-Decemberfromseveralyearsearlier.Iwas47alonetryingtopickupsomethickwinter48towarmmyfrozenfeet.AsIroundedthecornerinthe49IsawaChristmastreefullofpaperangels.Oneachangelwasthe50ofaneedychildwhosefamilycouldn't51tobuythemagiftthatyear.Shopperswhopickeda(an)52couldbuyasimpletoyorgiftandthestorewouldwrapitandsendittothe53onChristmas.AroundthetreeIsawateenageboyandgirl54severalangelsapiece.Theirmotherwaswatchingthemwith55,whotoldmethatherchildrenstartedthisseveralyearsagowhenshefirstexplainedtothemwhattheCharityAngeltreewasfor.Eachofferedto56oneoftheirtoyssothataneedychildcouldhaveone.Eachyear57thekidshadsavedmoneyandboughtmoreandmorechildrenthegiftstheywouldn'thave58.Ithadbecomeafamily59.Ismiledwhenshefinished,walkedovertothe60,andpickedoutafewangelstoo.IleftthestorefeelingintouchwithChristmasandlifeonceagain.A.HB.ChriC.EasD.NealloweenstmasterwYearA.peB.midC.begD.endakdleinningA.puB.excC.fetcD.prorchasehangehduceA.mB.rushC.expD.cartallerienceA.paB.fiercC.hapD.sadinfullyelypilylyA.bitB.receC.dimD.woterntnderfulA.wB.worC.shoD.thin

anderingkingppingking48.A.clB.socC.glovD.trouothesksessers49.A.stB.streC.squD.chuoreetarerch50.A.piB.ageC.hobD.addcturebyress51.A.affB.inteC.waitD.agrordndee52.A.anB.leafC.carD.nugeldmber53.A.shB.custC.hoD.chilopperomermelesds54.A.mB.draC.pickD.tearakingwinginging55.A.cuB.surpC.smilD.tearriosityriseesA.buB.giveC.donD.takyupateeawayyA.evB.sincC.initiD.befentuallyeallyoreA.otB.immC.genD.yetherwiseediatelerallyyA.affB.planC.busiD.tradairnessitionA.coB.dooC.treeD.casunterrhier第II卷注意事项：■请用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在第II卷答题卡上作答，不能答在此试卷上。■试卷中横线及框内注有“▲”的地方，需要你在第II卷答题卡上作答。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Brazil,the61(large)countryinSouthAmerica,isfamousfortheAmazonrainforestandsoccer.Butonthehottestdays,peopletravelthereforanotherreason一theCarnival.Fullofexcitementandfun,theCarnivalisheld62(annual)inFebruaryorMarch.Theword“Carnival”comesfromthePortuguese“CarneVale”,63means“farewelltomeat”.Intheearly1600s,thePortuguese64(bring)EuropetraditionstoBrazil.65(inspire)byblackpeoplebroughttherebytheslavetrade,theystarted66(they)owncarnivalwithdancesandmusic.Withitsbeautifulfloats(花车),67(attract)clothesandhappypeople,theSambaParadeisthemostfantasticeventoftheCarnival.Sambaissaid68(be)thesoulofRio.“Thisis69thepassionforsambalies一theatmosphereiselectricaseventheoldestmenandwomensinganddance70themusic,”travelguidebookLonelyPlanetnoted.61▲62▲63▲64▲65▲66▲67▲68▲69▲70▲第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（八）并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。DuringmytriptoEnglandlastyear,IhavetheopportunitytovisitStonehenge.AlmosteverytouristwhotraveltoEnglandvisitsthisancientplace.Irememberitwasveryhotdaywithalotofsunshine.TheStonehengeismadeofhugesquarestones,thatweighnearlyfivetonseach.Itwasamazedtoseethemupclose.SomethingthatIrealaskedmyselfwashowtheancientpeoplecouldhavebeencleverenoughtoarrangethestonesandtoplacethemaltogethertoformacircle.Walkingaroundthestones,Inoticedhowisolatedwewere;therewasnothingelsestandaroundthem.Weretheyalsoisolatedinancienttimes?MaybeonlywhenItravelbackintimecanIfoundoutthetruth!第二节书面表达（满分25分）假设你是遂宁某中学高三学生李华。你得知灵泉寺景区正在招聘暑期义务英文讲解员,你有意申请，请你给相关人士写一封申请信，内容包括：1.你的基本信息；2.你的优势；3.表示希望被录用。注意：1.词数不少于100；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearSirorMadam,Sincerely,LiHua2021届高三英语零诊考试试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题，共100分）和第II卷（非选择题，共50分）两部分。总分150分，考试时间120分钟。第丨卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡上。并检查条形码粘贴是否正确。2.1-60小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写在答题卡对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡收回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whatwillthewomandotonight?Doherwork.Seeafilm.Datewiththeman.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?Atabank.Onthestreet.Atahotel.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?HelikeswatchingTV.HethinkswelloftheInternet.HeisgoingtobuyaTV.Whenisthewomangoingtoattendherswimminglessonthisafternoon?At4:30.B.At5:15.C.At4:45.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?Heisquiteconfidentofhimself.Heisupsetaboutlosinghisjob.Hehasfoundanotherjob.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whatupsetsthewoman?Toomanypeopleattheriver.Thetrashontheriverbank.Theheavilypollutedriver.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?Pickupthetrash.Stoppeoplelittering.Holdaswimmingcontest.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatcanweknowaboutthewriter?Hewasborndisabled.Helikestogosightseeing.Hehaswrittenmanybooks.Howdothespeakersfeelaboutthewriter?Sympathetic.B.Inspired.C.Amused.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Howdoesthemanwanttolearnwriting?Studyinginaclassroom.B.Self-teaching.C.TakingacourseontheInternet.Whydoesthemanwanttotakewritingcourses?Tobecomeaprofessionalwriter.Tomakemoremoney.Toenjoythefunofwriting.Whatbrochurewillthemanreceive?Creativewriting.Fictionwriting.Businesswriting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。Whywasthewomanabsentfromtheparty?Shewasstudyingforthefinal.Shedidn'tlikesocialactivities.ShevisitedLily.Whenwillthefinalbe?Aboutaweeklater.Abouttwoweekslater.Aboutamonthlater.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecomingfinal?Confident.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.Whatwillthemandonext?Stayupstudying.Takenotesinclass.AskLilyforhelp.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。WhatisWSPlookingfor?Projectorganizers.Volunteers.Projectdesigners.WhatistheJapanproject?Short-term.B.Medium-term.C.Long-term.WhatwillyoudoifyoutakepartinthePolandproject?Playwiththechildren.Improvethechildren'sholidaycenter.Takecareofthechildren.WhatistheIndiaprojectfor?Poorchildren.Homelesschildren.Childrenwithdisabilities.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANewZealandisoneofthebestcountriesintheworldtoexperiencehowlifemighthavebeeninprehistorictimes.NewZealandisanaturelover'sparadise（乐园）withitsconservationreserves.KaharoaConservationTheKaharoaConservationishometoanumberofendangeredbirdsandtheNorthIslandKokakoisjustoneofthem.TheKokakoispossiblyNewZealand'smostbeautifulsongbirdwithsuchavarietyofwhistles,clicks,buzzesandwhirrsinitssoundrange,onebirdsoundslikeachorus!MokaihahaEcologicalAreaRichinMaorihistory,theMokaihahaEcologicalAreahashighconservationandscientificvalue.BirdlifefeaturesthisnaturalwonderlandwiththesymphonyincludingsuchstarsastheTui,Kereru,Fantail,BellbirdandtheendangeredKokako.WhakarewarewaForestConservationParkIfmountainbikingisyourthing,thenthisistheplaceforyou!TheWhakarewarewaForestprovidesanetworkoftracksthroughexceptionallyimpressivescenerythathasmadeRotoruafamousforitsmountainbiking.MaungatautariEcologicalIslandAprojectofgreatecologicalimportanceisbeingundertakenbyacommunityaimedattherestorationofMaungatautarivolcanoforest.ThevolcanoforesthassustainedthelivesofitswildlifeforhundredsofyearsbutsincetheintroductionofEuropeanpestssuchasdeer,rabbits,goats,pigsandrats,thenativevarietiesofmammals,birdsandplantshavebeenfacingthreats.Theaimofthecourageousprojectistogetridofallintroducedpestsfromthe3363hectaresofforest.Luckily,lifeintheforestofMaungatautariisbeginningtoawakenagain.WhatisspecialaboutthebirdKokako?Itcanmakedifferentsounds.Itisanendangeredspecies.ItonlylivesintheKaharoaConservation.Itisthemostbeautifulbirdsintheworld.Whichissuitableformountainbikinglovers?KaharoaConservation.MokaihahaEcologicalArea.WhakarewarewaForestConservationPark.MaungatautariEcologicalIsland.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaungatautariEcologicalIsland?Thereisalivevolcanoontheisland.Introducedspeciesthreatennativeones.Therestorationprojectisofnoeffect.ItisrichinMaorihistory.BItwasabout10:15p.m.JaniceEspositogotoffthetrainattheBellport,NewYork,gotintohercarandbegandrivinghome.Shehadtraveledtheroutesomanytimesthatshealmostdroveautomatically:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleftonMontaukHighway,andthen—bang!OutofnowhereacarcrashedintoEsposito'scar,pushingherbackwardsome100feetontotherailroadtracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shegotstuckinthevehicle.Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasgettingreadyforbedwhenheheardthecrashcomingfromnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Avolunteerfirefighterandretiredteacher,DiPinto,64,neverstoppedtothink.Hegrabbedaflashlightandrushedout.“AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatIdid,”hesaid.“We'realwaysonduty.”Thefirstcarhecameupon,2,000feetfromhisfrontyard,wastheonethathadhitEsposito.OncemakingsurethedriverwasOK,helookedaroundandspottedEsposito'scarstraddling（骑跨）therailroadtracks.Andthenheheardabellsound,whichsignaledacomingtrain.DiPintorushedtoEsposito'scarandhitonthedriver'ssidewindow.Shejustlookedathim,“Idon'tknowwhereIam,”shesaid.“You'reontherailroadtracks,”DiPintoyelled.“Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!”Thetrainwastravelingataspeedof65milesperhourtowardthem.Thedriver'sdoorcouldn'tbeopenedduetothecrash,soDiPintorantothepassengerside.Hethrewopenthedoor,pushedasidetheairbags,seizedEsposito'sarms,andpulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilhefinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasquicklyashecould.Withinseconds,thetraincrashedintothecar.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,”DiPintotoldreportersthenextday.“Lastnight,”saidGregMiglinoChiefoftheSouthCountryAmbulance,“theheroarrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.”Whatcanweknowabouttheaccidentfromthefirstparagraph?Espositowasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.Espositowasdrivingtoofast.Thecrashwasviolent.Itshouldhavebeenavoided.Whywasthesituationsodangerous?Espositowasbadlyinjured.Espositowastobehitbythetrain.Espositowasfirmlystuckinthecar.Thedriver'sdoorcouldn'tbeopened.WhatdoesGregMiglinoreallymean?HeispraisingDiPinto'sheroicaction.DiPintodidn'tactasprofessionally.Afirefightershouldbereadyanytime.Firetrucksarenotenoughforemergencies.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?Awomanhadanaccidentonthewayhomeatnight.Awomanhadanarrowdeathescape.Afirefightermanagedtobecomeaheroovernight.Afirefightersavedawomanfromafurtheraccident.CBlackrhinos（犀牛）haveterribleeyesight.Evenso,theseAfricangiantseasilyfendoffhungrypredatorssuchaslionsandhyenas.TheirbasicbodyplanhasprovedtobegoodenoughtosurviveonAfricangrasslandsfulloflargepredators,beingverylarge,thick-skinned,bigsword-likehorns.Butthoseprotectivetraits（特征）arenomatchforhumanswithguns.Todaythespeciesiscriticallyendangeredlargelyduetopoaching.Buttherhinosmayhaveanunlikelyallyagainstpoachers:theredbilledoxpecker.Thechatty,sociablebirdsoftenhangoutonthebacksofrhinos,feastingonparasiticticks（寄生B.Thebirdsalarmandrhinoslisten.B.Thebirdsalarmandrhinoslisten.虫）.Andactually,researchhasshownthatthetickisthefavoritedietofanoxpecker.Thebirdsalsogetnutrientsbypickingatsoresontherhinos'bodies.VictoriaUniversityofMelbournebehavioralecologistRoanPlotzsuspectedthattherhinosputupwiththisindignitybecausetheoxpeckersmakeloudalarmcallswhenevertheyseehumansapproach,givingtherhinosanearlywarningtoflee.Totestwhethertheoxpeckersdo,infact,actasnoisylookouts,Plotzandhisteamimplanted（植入）radiotransmittersintherhinos'horns.Thisdidn'thurttherhinosandallowedtheresearcherstotracktheanimals.“Andapproachthemundetected,whentheoxpeckerswereonthebackandwhentheoxpeckerswerenotontheirbacks,togetanideaofifthebirdsdoalarmthemandiftherhinosdolisten.”Theresearchersfoundthatrhinoswithoutoxpeckersdetectedanapproachinghumanonly23percentofthetime,atanaveragedistanceof27meters.Butwhenoxpeckerswerepresent,thebirdsalarmedtherhinos100percentofthetime.Andtheydetectedthehuman61metersawayonaverage.Andthemoreoxpeckersonthescene,thegreaterthedetectiondistance.“Itmakessensebecausethemoreeyesyouhaveonyourback,lookingoutforyou,themorechancethattheycanpickupanythingcoming.Therecanbenodoubtthattherhinoislisteningontheoxpeckeralarmcall.”Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraphmean?Defendagainst.B.Feed.C.Hidefrom.D.Attract.Whydothebirdshangonthebackofrhinos?Toprotectrhinosfrompoachers.Toseekprotectionfromrhinos.Tofindfoodovertherhino'sbody.Toletrhinoscarrythemaround.Whatdotheresearchersfind?A.Rhinoshavepooreyesight.C.Therearemanyticksonrhinos.Thebirdshavesharpeyes.Whatcanbestdescribetherelationshipbetweenthebirdsandrhinos?A.Theyprotecteachotherfromdangers.Theyarefoodsourceforeachother.Theydependoneachotherforsurvival.Theyhavewin-winpartnership.DMentaihealthisdeteriorating(恶化)amongyoungpeopleglobally.Theincidenceofdepressionandanxietyisincreasing,andthisnotonlylowersqualityoflife,butcanhavealastingnegativeimpactasanadolescentreachesadulthood.Manyexpertsaretryingtogetattherootcausesofthisdecline,inordertofindwaystopreventfurtherdeteriorationandtoprovidemoreeffectivehelpwhenneeded.Two“emergingdeterminantsofinterest”are(a)overuseofscreenbasedtechnology,and(b)toolittletimespentinnature.Mostresearchtodatehasconsideredthesefactorsindependently,butagroupofscientistsfromUniversityofAdelaiderecentlydecidedtolookatthemjointly,toseeifthecombinationofhighscreentime(ST)andlow“greentime”(GT),couldaffectmentalwellbeing.TheresultispublishedonSeptember4,2020,inthescientificjournalPLOSOne.Init,theresearchersanalyzeddatafrom186studiesthatlookedatchildren'sinteractionswithscreenbasedtechnologyandnatureandtheirpsychologicaloutcomes,includingmentalhealth,cognitive(认知的)functioning,andacademicachievement.Whattheyfoundwasthat,ingeneral,excessivescreentimeresultsinpoorerpsychologicalhealth,whereasgreentimeimprovesmentalwellbeing.TenyearsagointheU.S.,theaveragedailyscreentimefor8-to-18-year-oldswas7.5hours.Asthestudystates,“ThisgreatlyexceedsrecreationalSTguidelinesof2hoursorlessperday,”andismadeevenmorechallengingbythefactthatsomanyschoolsareusingtechnologytoteachclasses.Whilesomescreentimecanbebeneficial,suchaspromotingconnectionsandenablingtaskstobedonemoreefficiently,therearemanywaysinwhichitisharmful.Excessivescreentime“replacesimportantprotectivebehaviorsformentalhealthsuchasphysicala