2012年全国高考天津卷英语试题及参考答案

绝密★使用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一测试〔天津卷〕英语本试卷分第I卷〔选择题〕和第II卷〔非选择题〕两局部,共130分,测试时间100分钟,第I卷1页至10页,第II卷11页至12页.第I卷考前须知：1、每题选出答案后,用铅笔将做题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.2、本卷共55小题,共95分第一局部：英语知识运用〔共两节,总分值45分〕第一节：单项填空〔共15小题,每题1分,总分值15分〕从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项.01.---CanIhaveadayofftomorrow,Mr.Johnson---.Icanmanagewithoutyou.A.ForgetitB.I'mafraidnotCItdependsD.Ofcourse02.Thelettersforthebossonhisdeskbuthedidn'treadthemuntilthreelater.A.wereputB.wasputC.putD.hasput03.Youwereworkingtoohard.You'dbetterkeepabetweenworkandrelaxation.A.promiseB.leadC.balanceD.diary04.Thedogmaybeagoodcompanionfortheold.,theneedtotakeitforwalksmaybeadisadvantage.A.Besides.B.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Instead.05.---Youhavetobelieveinyourself.Nooneelsewill,ifyoudon't.---.Confidenceisreallyimportant.A.It'snotmycupofteaB.That'snotthepointC.Idon'tthinksoD.Icouldn'tagreemore06.CnlyMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtimethespellingmistake.

A.A.didshenoticeD.shehasnoticed07.helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.who08.ntheheatingonyet.A.couldn'tD.wouldn'tB.shenoticedC.doesshenoticeIwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutB.whoseC.whomD.whichIt'squitewarmhere;weturB.mustn'tC.needn't09.Itdoesn'tmatteryouturnrightorleftatthecrossing---bothroadsleadtothepark.A.whetherB.howC.ifD.when.Thesecretaryarrangeda(n)_timeandspacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.A.importantB.spareC.publicD.convenient.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,thebreakfastuntouched.A.leftB.toleaveC.leavingD.havingleft.ThethreeofusaroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.A.travelledB.havetravelledC.hadtravelledD.travel.Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoretothegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter.A.openB.narrowC.widenD.leave.Everythingwasplacedexactlyhewanteditforthegraduationceremony.A.whileB.whenC.whereD.though.Wewouldn'thavecalledataxiyesterdayifHaroldusaridehome.A.didn'tofferB.wouldn'tofferC.hasn'tofferedD.hadntoffered第二节：完形填空〔共20小题：每题1.5分,总分值30分〕阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16〜35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项.IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit,whenIwas13.Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoE1Capitan,a16rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew17Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife'spassion(钟爱)eversince---18therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I'velongmadeYosemitemy___19___.About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof20,liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes,aroundthearea.It's21mewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplace22andtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.Itried23trash〔垃圾〕myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwould24anhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally,Igotso25__itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.Asarock-climbingguide,Iknew26aboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora27.Onthatday,morethan300People28.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto29.Icouldn'tbelievethe30wemade---theparklookedclean!Eachyearvolunteerscomeforthecleanupfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand31132milesofroadway.Ioftenhearpeople32abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem,Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby33ratherthancomplaining.Weneedtoteachby34.Youcan'tblameothers35youstartwithyourself.第二局部：阅读理解〔共20小题；每题2.5分,总分值50分〕阅读以下短文,从每题所给的AB、CD四个选项中,选出最正确选项.ABicycleSafetyOperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus〔校园〕.Obeyrulesandregulations.Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,andalwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.TheftPreventionAlwayssecurelylockyourbicycletoabicyclerack---evenifyouareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartmentofPublicSafety.It'sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationpermanentlyrecordsyourserialnumber,whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.EquipmentBrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorderandadjustedproperly.HelmetAnecessity,makesureyourhelmetmeetscurrentsafetystandardsandfitproperly.LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlight---visibleatleast500feetinfrontofthebike.Ataillightisagoodidea.RulesoftheRoadRidingonCampuAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyonstreetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadtoafine.Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.Alwaysgivetherightofwaystowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youarerequiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremainatthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.BicycleParkingOnlyparkinareasreservedforbikes.Trees,handrails,hallways,andsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchpostscanresultinafine.IfThingsGoWrongIfyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolatingruleswhileridingbicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:Nobicycleregistration$25Bicycleparkingbanned--$30EBlockingpathwithbicycle-$40EViolationofbicycleequipmentrequirement$3536.Registrationofyourbicyclemayhelpyou.A.findyourstolenbicycleB.getyourserialnumberC.receivefreerepairservicesD.settleconflictswithwalkers37.Accordingtothepassage,whatbikeequipmentisafreechoiceforbicycleridersA.Brakes.B.Ahelmet.C.Aheadlight.D.Ataillight.38.Whenyourideabicycleonthecampus,.A.rideonpostedbicyclepathsandsidewalksB.cycleataspeedofover15mphC.putthewalkers'rightofwayfirstD.callthepolicebeforeleavinginacaseofaccident39.Ifyoulockyourbicycletoatreeonthecampus,youcouldbefined.A.$25B.$30C.$35D.$4040.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutA.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.B.Directionsforbicycletouroncampus.C.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.D.Rulesforridingmotorvehiclesoncampus.BBarditchHighSchooldecidedtoanAll-SchoolReunion.Over450peoplecametotheevent.ThereweretoursoftheoldschoolbuildingandapicnicatConfederatePark.SEnglishteacherforfiftyyears,waswheeledtothePark.SThenMs.Yatesstartedtospeak:“Ican'ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobehere.Ihaven'tseenmanyofyousinceyourgraduation,butIhavefollowedyourcareersandenjoyedyourvictoriesaswellascryingforyourtragedies.Ihavealargecollectionofnewspaperphotographsofmystudents.AlthoughIhaven'tappearedinperson,Ihaveattendedyourcollegegraduations,weddingsandeventhebirthyourchildren,inmyimagination.〞Ms.Yatespausedandstartedcryingabit.Thenshecontinued:“ItwasmybeliefthatifIpushedyouashardasIcould,someofyouwouldsucceedtopleasemeandotherswouldsucceedtoannoyme.Regardlessofourmotives,Icanseethatyouhaveallbeensuccessfulinyouchosenpath.〞“Thereisnogreatercomfortforaneducatorthantoseetheendresultofhisorheryearsofwork.YouhaveallbeenagreatsourceofpleasureandprideformeandIwantyoutoknowIloveyouallfromthebottomofmyheart.〞Therewasasilenceoverthecrowdforafewsecondsandthensomeonestartedclapping.Teeclappingturnedintocheering,thenintoadeafeningroar〔呼喊〕.Lawyers,truckdrivers,bankersandmodelswererubbingtheireyesorcryingopenlywithnoshameallbecauseofthewordsfromalongforgottenEnglishteacherfromtheirhometown.

41.WhatactivitywasorganizedfortheschoolreunionA.Sightseeinginthepark.B.Apicnicontheschoolplayground.C.Tellingstoriesaboutpastevents.D.Graduates'reportsintheoldbuilding.42.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2'speech.’waysofteaching.C.Somepeoplegottiredfromthereunionactivities.D.Mostpeoplehadlittleinterestinthereunion.'speechthatshe.A.kepttrackofherstudents'progressB.gaveherstudentsadviceontheircareersC.attendedherstudents'collegegraduationsD.wenttoherstudents'weddingceremoniesbeliefinteachingteenagersA.Teachersknowledgeisthekeytostudentsachievements.B.Pressureonstudentsfromteachersshouldbereduced.C.Hard-pushedstudentsaremorelikelytosucceed.D.Students'respectisthebestrewardforteachers.D.Strictbutcaring.A.Reliableanddevoted.B.D.Strictbutcaring.C.Proudbutpatient.Thepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphone,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofnostalgic〔怀旧的〕skill.However,whiletoday'seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful---bothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,saysit'simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks---bothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudy,publishedin2021,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrote10ngeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent'swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtoknowwelltheycanwrite."Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactivewhichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas."Berningersaid.Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe〔转换〕“thosewordsinthemindwrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,"thestudysaid.Seeingthewordsinthe"mind'seye"helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,saysBerninger,butalsotospot〔发现〕spellingmistakeswhentheywHtethewordsdownandtocorrectthenovertime.“Inourcomputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon'thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks,"shesaid."Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon'thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer.〞46.WhatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepastA.Theabsenceofblackboardinclassroom.B.Theuseofnewtechnologiesinteaching.C.Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting.D.Thepopularuseofsmartphones.47.Berninger'sstudypublishedin2021.A.focusedonthedifferencebetweenwritingbyhandandonacomputer.B.indicatedthatstudentsprefertowritewithapenandpaper.C.foundthatgoodessaysaremadeupoflongsentences.D.discussedtheimportanceofwritingspeed.48.WhichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspellingA.Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords.B.Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.C.Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.D.Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.49.Whatdoes"mind'seye"inparagraph5meanA.Window.B.SoulC.Picture.D.Imagination.50.WhatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassageA.Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.C.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday'sclassrooms.D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.DYouaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimorcreator.Whenyouchoosetobeavictim,theworldisacoldanddifficultplace."They〞didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering."They〞arewrongandbad,andlifeisterribleaslongas“they〞arearound.Oryoumayblameyourselfforallyourproblems,thusinternalizing〔内化〕yourvictimization.Thetruthis,yourlifeislikelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameyourselforothers.Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon'tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon'tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred〔神圣的〕momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.Victimsandcreatorsliveinthesamephysicalworldanddealwithmanyofthesamephysicalrealities,yettheirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.Victimsrelish〔沉溺〕inanger,guilt,andotheremotionsthatcauseothers---andeventhemselves---1ofeellikevictims,too.Creatorsconsciouslychooselove,inspiration,andotherqualitieswhichinspirenotonlythemselves,butallaroundthem.Bothvictimsandcreatorsalwayshavechoicetodeterminethedirectionoftheirlives.Inreality,allofusplaythevictimorthecreatoratvariouspointsinourlives.Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendoftheworldandsinkintoterriblesufferingformonths,years,orevenalifetime.Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychoosetofirstexperiencethegrief,thenacceptthelossandsoonmoveontobeapowerfulcreativeforceinhislife.Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,youcanchoosetohavefuller,richerlifebysettingaclearintentiontotransformthevictimwithin,andbyinvitingintoyourlifethepowerfulcreatorthatyouare.51.Whatdoestheword“they〞inParagraph1probablyrefertoA.Peopleandthingsaroundyou.B.Opportunitiesandproblems.C.Creatorsandtheirchoices.D.Victimsandtheirsufferings.52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators.A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlifeB.possesstheabilitytopredictfuturelifeC.handleupsanddownsoflifewiselyD.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew53.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3A.Creatorsandvictimsfacequitedifferentthingsinlife.B.Creatorsandvictimsaremastersoftheirlives.C.Victimscaninfluencemorepeoplethancreators.D.Comparedwithvictims,creatorsaremoreemotional..TheexamplesmentionedinParagraph4showthat.A.strongattachmenttosufferingsinlifepullspeopleintovictims.B.peopleneedfamilysupporttodealwithchallengersinlife.C.ittakescreatorsquitealongtimetogetridoftheirpains.D.one'sexperiencesdeterminehisattitudetowardlife..Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageA.Todefinevictimsandcreators.B.Toevaluatevictimsagainstcreators.C.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenvictimsandcreators.D.Tosuggestthetransformationfromvictimstocreators.绝密★使用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一测试〔天津卷〕英语笔试第n卷考前须知：1,用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在做题卡上.2.本卷共6小题,共35分.第三局部：写作第一节：阅读表达〔共5小题；每题2分,总分值10分〕阅读短文,并根据题目要求用英语答复以下问题.Bornin1949,DianaNyadtookanearlyinterestinswimmingasasportandwasaFloridaStateHighSchoolswimmingchampion.Likemanyyoungathletes,shehadOlympicdreams,butaseriousillnesskepthercompetingintheGames.Thedisappointmentdidn'tstopherfromgoingforward.Instead,shebecameinterestedinmarathonswimming.Abrilliantathlete,shewaswell-conditionedforspendinglongperiodsoftimeinthewater.Asalong-distanceswimmer,shewouldcompeteagainstherselfandtheobstaclespresentedbydistance,danger,cold,andexhaustion.FortenyearsNyaddevotedherselftobecomingoneoftheworld'sbestlong-distanceswimmers.In1970,sheswamaten-milemarathoninLakeOntario,settingthewomen'srecordforthecourse.In1972shesetanotherrecordbyswimming102.5milesfromanislandintheBahamastothecoastofFlorida.ThenshebrokeathirdrecordwhenswimmingaroundManhattanIslandin1975.NyadattemptedtoswimthedistancebetweenFloridaandCubain1978.Thoughthespanofwaterislessthan100mileswide,itisroughanddangerous.Afterbattlingthewaterfortwodays,shehadtogiveforthesakeofherownhealthandsafety.Evenso,sheimpressedtheworldwithhercourageandstrongdesiretosucceed.ForNyadherstrengthofpurposewasjustasimportantasreadingCuba.Thatishowshedefinedsuccess.Itdidnotmatterthatherswimcameupshort;shebelievedshehadtouchedtheothershore.WhenNyadendedhercareerasaswimmer,shecontinuedtotrynewthings---travellingtheworldasareporter