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DIABETESDIABETES1Insulin:TheKeytoTurningFoodintoEnergy
Insulin:TheKeytoTurningFo2Ⅰ、DefinitionandTypesⅡ、SignsandsymptomsⅢ、DiagnosisandTreatmentcatalogⅠ、DefinitionandTypescatalog3WhatIsDiabetes※achronicmetabolicdisease※insufficientinsulin※hyperglycemiaDefinitionWhatIsDiabetes※achronic4Type1
diabetesType2
diabetesGestationaldiabetesOthertypesTypesofdiabetesTypesType1diabetesTypesofdiabet5Ⅰ、DefinitionandTypesⅡ、SignsandsymptomsⅢ、DiagnosisandTreatmentcatalogⅠ、DefinitionandTypescatalog6Riskfactorsfordevelopingdiabetes
beingage45oroverbeingoverweightbeingamemberofahigh-riskgrouphavingcloserelativeswithdiabeteshavinggivenbirthtoababythatweighedover4kgbirth,orhavehadgestationaldiabeteshavinghighcholesterolorotherfatsinthebloodhavinghypertensionorheartdisease
Ⅱ、SignsandsymptomsRiskfactorsfordevelopingdi7AbsenceofinsulinHighPlsamaglucoseProteincatabolismLipolysisincreasePolydipsiaPolyuriapolyphgiaketonemiaosmoticdiuresisWeightlossFFAAugmentⅡ、SignsandsymptomspathophysiologyAbsenceHighProteinLipolysisPo8Abouttype1diabetesautoimmunediseasepresenceofantibodiesconnectedwithvirusesandenvironmentaltoxinsabsenceofinsulinlifedependsoninsulin.LADA(LatentAutoimmuneDiabetesinAdults)Ⅱ、SignsandsymptomsAbouttype1diabetesautoimmun9insufficientinsulinInsulinresistance/hyperinsulinemiaXSyndrome
Ⅱ、Signsandsymptomsinsulinresistancehyperlipidimiahypertensionobesity(applefigure)coronaryheartdiseaseAboutType2diabetes
insufficientinsulinⅡ、Signsa10insufficientinsulinInsulinresistance/hyperinsulinemiaXSyndrome
Ⅱ、SignsandsymptomsAboutType2diabetes
WesternlifestyleUseofalcoholSmokingSedentarywaysGainingmorethannormalweightEatingfewerthanthreemealsadayAdiethighinfatinsufficientinsulinⅡ、Signsa11Differencesbetweentype1andtype2feature
Type1Type2InsulinproductionabsentnormalorabnormalAgeatonsetusuallybefore40
ifafter40usuallyslowonsetusuallyafter40,althoughincreasinginyoungerpeoplePhysicalappearanceoftenthinoftenoverweight,especiallyapplefigureSymptomssuddenonset:greaterthirst,urination,hunger,weightloss,
blurredvision,infectionsgradual,subtleonsetofsimilarsymptomsTreatmentinsulin,diet,exercisediet,exercise,
oralagentsand/orinsulin
Differencesbetweentype1and12DiabetescomplicationsAcutedecompensationchroniccomplicationsMacrovasculardiseasenervedamage
microvasculardiseasefootdisease
ketoacidosisHyperosmolarcomainfectionnephropathyretinopathyDiabetesAcutechronicMacrovasc13neuropathyMotorneuropathy
Sensoryneuropathy
Bladderneuropathy
Autonomicneuropathy
DiarrheaorConstipation
Gastroparesis
tachycardiaPosturalhypotension
Impotence
MotorSensoryBladderAutonomicD14Ⅰ、DefinitionandTypesⅡ、SignsandsymptomsⅢ、DiagnosisandTreatmentcatalogⅠ、DefinitionandTypescatalog15TimeofCheckPlasmabloodglucoseRange(mmol/l)diagnoseradom≥11.1accompaniedwithsymptomsdiabetesFasting≥7.0Diabetes≥6.1and＜7.0IFG＜6.0normaloralglucosetolerancetest≥11.1Diabetes≥7.8and＜11.1IGT＜7.8normalDiagnoseofdiabetesTimeofCheckPlasmabloodgluc16
DiabetestreatedEducationMealplanningExerciseMedicationDiabetesEducationMealExercise17OralMedicationsSulfonylureasAlpha-GlucosidaseInhibitorsBiguanides
Thiazolidinediones
OralMedicationsSulfonylureas18SulfonylureasOralMedicationstolbutamideglipizidegliquidonegliclazideglibenclamideGlimepiride
[stimulatingthepancreasproducemoreinsulin]SulfonylureasOralMedicationst19OralMedicationsSulfonylureasBiguanide
[shutingofftheliver'sexcessglucoseproduction,possiblycontributingtominorweightloss]Metformin
OralMedicationsSulfonylureasB20OralMedicationsSulfonylureasAlpha-GlucosidaseInhibitors
[delayingtheabsorptionofcarbohydrateinthesmallintestine]Acarbose
Biguanide
OralMedicationsSulfonylureasA21OralMedications[increasingthebody'ssensitivitytoinsulin]rosiglitazonetroglitazone
Thiazolidinediones
SulfonylureasBiguanides
Alpha-GlucosidaseInhibitors
OralMedications[increasingt22ThankyouThankyou23
DIABETESDIABETES24Insulin:TheKeytoTurningFoodintoEnergy
Insulin:TheKeytoTurningFo25Ⅰ、DefinitionandTypesⅡ、SignsandsymptomsⅢ、DiagnosisandTreatmentcatalogⅠ、DefinitionandTypescatalog26WhatIsDiabetes※achronicmetabolicdisease※insufficientinsulin※hyperglycemiaDefinitionWhatIsDiabetes※achronic27Type1
diabetesType2
diabetesGestationaldiabetesOthertypesTypesofdiabetesTypesType1diabetesTypesofdiabet28Ⅰ、DefinitionandTypesⅡ、SignsandsymptomsⅢ、DiagnosisandTreatmentcatalogⅠ、DefinitionandTypescatalog29Riskfactorsfordevelopingdiabetes
beingage45oroverbeingoverweightbeingamemberofahigh-riskgrouphavingcloserelativeswithdiabeteshavinggivenbirthtoababythatweighedover4kgbirth,orhavehadgestationaldiabeteshavinghighcholesterolorotherfatsinthebloodhavinghypertensionorheartdisease
Ⅱ、SignsandsymptomsRiskfactorsfordevelopingdi30AbsenceofinsulinHighPlsamaglucoseProteincatabolismLipolysisincreasePolydipsiaPolyuriapolyphgiaketonemiaosmoticdiuresisWeightlossFFAAugmentⅡ、SignsandsymptomspathophysiologyAbsenceHighProteinLipolysisPo31Abouttype1diabetesautoimmunediseasepresenceofantibodiesconnectedwithvirusesandenvironmentaltoxinsabsenceofinsulinlifedependsoninsulin.LADA(LatentAutoimmuneDiabetesinAdults)Ⅱ、SignsandsymptomsAbouttype1diabetesautoimmun32insufficientinsulinInsulinresistance/hyperinsulinemiaXSyndrome
Ⅱ、Signsandsymptomsinsulinresistancehyperlipidimiahypertensionobesity(applefigure)coronaryheartdiseaseAboutType2diabetes
insufficientinsulinⅡ、Signsa33insufficientinsulinInsulinresistance/hyperinsulinemiaXSyndrome
Ⅱ、SignsandsymptomsAboutType2diabetes
WesternlifestyleUseofalcoholSmokingSedentarywaysGainingmorethannormalweightEatingfewerthanthreemealsadayAdiethighinfatinsufficientinsulinⅡ、Signsa34Differencesbetweentype1andtype2feature
Type1Type2InsulinproductionabsentnormalorabnormalAgeatonsetusuallybefore40
ifafter40usuallyslowonsetusuallyafter40,althoughincreasinginyoungerpeoplePhysicalappearanceoftenthinoftenoverweight,especiallyapplefigureSymptomssuddenonset:greaterthirst,urination,hunger,weightloss,
blurredvision,infectionsgradual,subtleonsetofsimilarsymptomsTreatmentinsulin,diet,exercisediet,exercise,
oralagentsand/orinsulin
Differencesbetweentype1and35DiabetescomplicationsAcutedecompensationchroniccomplicationsMacrovasculardiseasenervedamage
microvasculardiseasefootdisease
ketoacidosisHyperosmolarcomainfectionnephropathyretinopathyDiabetesAcutechronicMacrovasc36neuropathyMotorneuropathy
Sensoryneuropathy
Bladderneuropathy
Autonomicneuropathy
DiarrheaorConstipation
Gastroparesis
tachycardiaPosturalhypotension
Impotence
MotorSensoryBladderAutonomicD37Ⅰ、DefinitionandTypesⅡ、SignsandsymptomsⅢ、DiagnosisandTreatmentcatalogⅠ、DefinitionandTypescatalog38TimeofCheckPlasmabloodglucoseRange(mmol/l)diagnoseradom≥11.1accompaniedwithsymptomsdiabetesFasting≥7.0Diabetes≥6.1and＜7.0IFG＜6.0normaloralglucosetolerancetest≥11.1Diabetes≥7.8and＜11.1IGT＜7.8normalDiagnoseofdiabetesTimeofCheckPlasmabloodgluc39
DiabetestreatedEducationMealplanningExerciseMedicationDiabetesEducationMealExercise40OralMedicationsSulfonylurea
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