高中英语一轮复习 阅读理解分类解题技巧：数字计算类题目 课件

阅读理解技法大盘点：

数字计算题一、题型解读1.数字计算细节理解题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，从数学的角度讲，计算量都比较小，计算容易。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。2.数字计算细节理解题的话题有：(1)广告类；(2)故事类；(3)科普知识类；(4)史地自然类；(5)文化教育类。设问方式以when，inwhichyear，howmany/much等疑问词开头引出问题。二、解题技巧——“加减乘除”得数据1.阅读题干，查看题干中的关键词，然后寻读原文，同时标记数字、时间、年代等相关信息。2.弄清题干询问数据与原文数据的逻辑关系，并进行加减乘除计算。3.特殊信息应注意：(1)特殊数字：decade十年；fortnight两周；double两倍；couple两个；score二十；dozen十二。(2)特殊词汇：off削价，减价；discount折扣。例如：【真题感悟】中第21题阅读题干，根据第一段HowtoGettoHolker中，Bycar里Approximatetraveltimes后面的内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1hour30minutes，即一个半小时，也就是90分钟，故选D。(2018·全国Ⅲ，A)WelcometoHolkerHall&GardensVisitorInformationHowtoGettoHolkerByCar：FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36，M6.Approximatetraveltimes：Windermere—20minutes，Kendal—25minutes，Lancaster—45minutes，Manchester—1hour30minutes.真题感悟1ByRail：TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth，LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.OpeningTimesSunday－Friday(closedonSaturday)11：00am－4：00pm,30thMarch－2ndNovember.AdmissionChargesHall&Gardens

GardensAdults：

￡12.00

￡8.00Groups:

￡9.00

￡5.50SpecialEventsProducers’Market

13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestival

30thMayTheeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening，makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.NationalGardenDay

28thAugustHolkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket

8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，题材是旅游广告。文章介绍了游览霍尔克庄园的游客须知和四项特别的活动。21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes. B.25minutes.C.45minutes. D.90minutes.解析细节理解题。根据文章的HowtoGettoHolker部分中“ByCar：...Approximatetraveltimes：...Manchester—1hour30minutes.”可知，游客从Manchester开车到Holker大约用一个半小时，也就是90分钟。故选D。√22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisitHall&Gardens?A.￡12.00. B.￡9.00.C.￡8.00. D.￡5.50.解析细节理解题。根据文章的AdmissionCharges部分中Hall&Gardens一列与Groups一行的交叉处可知，旅游团的一个成员游览Hall&Gardens所需要的费用为￡9.00。故选B。√(2018全国一，C）Atpresent，theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，oftenspokenbymanypeople，whilehot，wetzoneshavelots，oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages；theAmericasabout1,000；Africa2,400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000，whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.30．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800. B．About3,400.C．About2,400. D．About1,200.答案B解析数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“Atpresent，theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言；再根据该段最后一句“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000，whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6000，也就是说有大约3400种语言的使用人数少于6000。Boston：HubwayStation：TremontSt.&WestSt.Howmuch：6fora24­hourpass.Howitworks：Thefirst30minutesareincludedinthepass；2forthesecond30minutes；4forthethird30minutes；later8foreveryhalfanhour.Wearevolunteers.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation，pleasecontactus.3．IfyouvisitBostonbyridingHubwaybikefor3hours，youhavetopay____________.A.6 B.30C.20 D.36答案D解析数字计算题。根据Boston：Hubway部分“Howmuch：6fora24­hourpass.”和“Howitworks：Thefirst30minutesareincludedinthepass；2forthesecond30minutes；4forthethird30minutes；later8foreveryhalfanhour.”可知前半个小时算在6美元中，第二个半小时是2美元；第三个半小时是4美元；接下来每半个小时8美元。如果你想骑行3个小时，就是6个半个小时，共计6＋2＋4＋8＋8＋8＝36美元。故D正确。(2019·湖北武汉第二中学仿真模拟)Afewmorepoints：·Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenaccompaniedbyanadult.·You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at￡6.80perday.·You’llpaymoreduringpeaktimes.Peakfares6applyfromMondaytoFriday(6∶30am—9∶30am；4∶00pm—7∶00pm)，exceptforpublicholidays.·ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation，OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.·ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices.2．HowmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetubefourtimesinadaywithaVisitorOystercard?A．￡2.30. B．￡3.40.C．￡6.80. D．￡9.20.答案C解析细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分的第二条“You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis‘capped(给……定上限)’at￡6.80perday.”可知，游客牡蛎卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选C。(2019·河北石家庄鹿泉中学四模)Formostclimbers，professionaloramateur，reachingthesummitofMountEverest—Earth’shighestmountainabovesealevel—onceisapeakachievement.However，don’ttellthattoKamiRita，whoscaled(攀登)thepeakofthedangerousmountainforthe22ndtimeonMay16,2018，breakingthepreviousrecordof21successfulclimbshesharedwithtwofellowguides.Andtheexperiencedmountaineerisnotdoneyet!Heannounced，“MygoalistoreachthesummitofEverestatleast25times.”MrRita，whoearns$10,000foreachEverestexpedition，hassuccessfullyscaledthemountainalmosteveryyearsincetheageof24.1．HowmuchmoneyhasMrRitaprobablymadeforEverestexpeditions?A．$10,000. B．$210,000.C．$220,000. D．$250,000.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...whoscaled(攀登)thepeakofthedangerousmountainforthe22ndtimeonMay16,2018...”scale此处为动词，表示“达到顶点”和“MrRita，whoearns$10,000foreachEverestexpedition...”可知，Rita在登峰探险上挣了220,000美元。故选C。(2019·江西重点中学盟校联考)TheUSdroppedfourspotsfrom2017andlandedin18thplace，andlastyear’swinner，Norway，cameinsecondplace—followedbyDenmark，IcelandandSwitzerland.5．TheUSranked___________in2017.A．14B．10C．18D．22答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheUSdroppedfourspotsfrom2017andlandedin18thplace”可知，美国2018年排名18，