Unit 2 Grammar and usage 课件【知识梳理+点播拓展】高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

Grammarandusage(P20-21)PassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandperfecttensesLead-inWhatis

thevideoaboutThebattleofmarathonReadtheblogpostonpage20,andfindoutwhatNicoledidandfillinthetablebelow.SixweeksagoOverthepastsixweeksOnthedayofthecityhalf-marathonNicoleagreedtotakepartinacityhalf-marathonforamateurs.Nicolestartedhertrainingverygentlyonthefirstday,andgraduallyincreasedthedistanceineachtrainingsession.Nicoleranherracerelaxedandconfident,eventhoughherlimitswerebeingtested

likeneverbeforeHowdidNicolefeelafterfinishingthehalf-marathon?Showthedetails.MyheartwasbeatingrapidlyinmychestasIfoundashadyplacetorestmytiredbody.Mycheekswerered,andIcouldhearmyselfbreathingheavilyasIlookedupatthebluesky.Whenmybreathingreturnedtonormal,Ireflectedonwhathadjustbeenachieved.Shefelttiredbutexcited.Gothroughtheblogpostagainandfindoutthesentencesthatusethepassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttenses.PassivevoiceinthepastcontinuoustensePassivevoiceinthepastperfecttense...,Ireflectedonwhathadjustbeenachieved.eventhoughmylimitswerebeingtestedlikeneverbefore....acityhalf-marathonforamateurswasbeingorganized...,Iwashappytolearnthatalotofmoneyhadbeenraisedforcharity.Thepassivevoiceinthepastcontinuoustenseisusedtorefertoanaction_______________(do)ataspecifictimeinthe

__________(present/past).Theverbformis“______________________”.Thepassivevoiceinthepastperfecttenseisusedtoexpressanactioncompleted_________(before/after)apasttime.Theverbformis“___________________”.Workingouttheruleswas/werebeingdonehadbeendonebeingdonepastbefore过去进行时的被动语态过去进行时被动语态过去进行时的被动语态+=主语+were/was+doing主+be+done主语+was/were+being+donebe+doing→being+=(1)过去进行时的被动语态表示过去的某一特定时间正在进行的被动动作。他昨天下午正在接受我们经理的面试。那时这部电影正在上映。Hewasbeinginterviewedbyourdirectoryesterdayafternoon.Thisfilmwasbeingshownthen.2.进行时的被动语态可以由“was/were+under/on等介词+名词”结构代替。那时这部电影正在上映。昨天晚上他没有住在我房间里，我的房间正在修缮。Thisfilmwasbeingshown

then.=Thisfilmwasonshow.Hedidn’tstayinmyroomlastnightbecauseitwasbeingrepaired.=Hedidn’tstayinmyroomlastnightbecauseitwasunderrepair.过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时被动语态过去完成时的被动语态+=主语+haddone主+be+done主语+had+been+donebe+done→been+=(1)过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。老师进来的时候,第一个实验已经完成了。老师进来之前教室还没有打扫。Bythetimetheteachercamein,thefirstexperimenthadbeenfinished.Theclassroomhadn'tbeencleanedbeforetheteachercamein.用法1:表示在过去某个动作或者时间之前就已经发生或者已经完成的被动动作，常常与by,before,等引导的时间状语（从句）连用。我们到那里时，所有的票都卖完了。Bythetimewegotthere,alltheticketshadbeensoldout.By

the

time

I

gotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.将下列句子改为被动句Theyhadconstructedanewbridgeovertheriverbytheendofthelastmonth.By

the

time

I

gotup,alltheclotheshadbeenwashed.Anewbridgeovertheriverhadbeenconstructedbytheendofthelastmonth.用法2:表示从过去某个时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。常常与for,since

引导的时间状语（从句）连用Itwasreportedthatthesalehadbeenadvertisedforseveralweeks.据报道，这场拍卖会已经做了几个星期的广告了Hesuddenlyrememberedthathehadleftthekeyathome.将下列句子改为被动句常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought,等动词后引导的宾语从句（或间接引语中），表示这些动作之前就发生的被动动作。Hesuddenlyrememberedthatthekeyhadbeenleftathome.

Scarcely/Rarely/Hardly/(过去完成时)（部分倒装）+when+句子（过去时）或

Nosooner(过去完成时)（部分倒装）+than…+句子（过去时）句型中，表示“刚….就……,一…….就……”.当主句中主语为动作的承受者时，主句中用过去完成时的被动语态；用法4:Hardly

hadthefrontdoorbeenopenedwhenwecouldsmellsomethingburning.前门一被打开，我们就能闻到烧焦的气味。It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...time+that从句，当从句中主语为动作的承受者时，从句中用过去完成时的被动语态；用法5:Itwasthefirsttimethathehadbeenawarded.这是他第一次获奖BApplyingtherulesCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.B1Page211.Itwasanamazingachievementforaplayerwho______________(injure)sorecently.2.Theswimmingpool_____________________________(clean)thoroughlythedaybeforethecompetitionbegan.3.Hefeltthathistalents___________________(waste)asabasketballplayerandwaseagerforachange.hadbeeninjuredhadbeencleaned/wascleanedwerebeingwastedCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.B1Page214.Tomwastoldthathisteammatewontheracewhilehe____________________(treat)bytheteamdoctor.5.Photosoftheriders___________________________(take)beforetheygotontheirhorses.wasbeingtreatedhadbeentaken/weretakenBApplyingtherulesWhatarethedifferencesbetweenthesetwotenses?Howtochoosetherightform?DiscussionPassivevoiceinthepastcontinuoustensePassivevoiceinthepastperfecttenseStatecontinuous(进行状态)perfect(完成状态)TimeFormataspecifictimeinthepastbeforeapasttimewas/werebeingdonehadbeendonethetimeandstateofanactionApplyingtheruleshadbeenplacedwerebeingcarriedhad(been)trainedhadbeenmade/weremadewerebeingcheeredwasbeingblownLastweek,wetookpartintheannualsportsmeetinourschool.Makesomesentencestodescribetheexperienceusingthepassivevoiceinthepastcontinuousandpastperfecttenses.(Wordsforhelp:train,cheer,fill,defeat,seat)FurtherapplyingE.g.Ourclasshadbeentrainedforthepreviouscoupleofweeksandhadagreatchanceofwinning.当我们班同学到的时候，操场上就挤满了人，空气都是兴奋的。我们一坐下，我们就开始为班上的同学欢呼。当广播宣布我们是接力赛第二名时，我们全班都振奋了。最终，我们还是以微小的分差被击败了。Possibleversion:Whenourclassmatesarrived,theplaygroundwasbeingfilledbystudents,theairfullofexcitement.Oncewehadbeenseated,weimmediatelybegantocheerforourclassmates.OurclasswasbeingcheeredasthebroadcastannouncedthatwegotNo.2intherelay.Inthefinal,ourclasswasbeingdefeatedbyasmallpointdifference.【2018·北京】Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_______inthemountainsfortwodays.A.aretrappingB.havebeentrappedC.weretrappingD.hadbeentrapped

D高考链接【2018·江苏】30.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan_______inthepasttwoyears.A.hadbeencarriedoutB.wouldbecarriedoutC.isbeingcarriedoutD.hasbeencarriedout

A【2017•江苏】Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingtoseeifhe_______.A.wasbeingfollowedB.wasfollowingC.hadbeenfollowedD.followed

A【2017•北京】Ifthenewsafetysystem______touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.A.hadbeenputB.wereputC.shouldbeputD.wouldbeput

AhadbeenconductedwasbeingsaidhadbeenreceivedwasbeingrepairedhavebeenmadehadbeenreachedwasbeingdonehadbeenintroducedPage64;c1.returntonormal(L3)2.reflecton(L3)3.encouragesb.todosth.(L5)4.trainingsession(L9)5.aheartybreakfast(L12)6.getthroughtotheend(L12)UsefulexpressionsonPage201.回归正常2.考虑；回想3.鼓励某人做某事4.训练课程5.一顿丰盛的早餐6.坚持到底7.standinlineforinspection(L6)8.takeastepback(L6)9.lookatthescenewithsatisfaction(L6)10.Thepreviouscoupleofweeks(L7)11.Haveastrongconstitution(L11)12.wordspreadsthat(L14)13.