初一英语语法总结

初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法——词法今天讲的内容 1、名A）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一）s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,bananas二sh,ch,s,tchesglasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）yyies如family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-storiesysboy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）os（外来词）。如：radios,photos,es：如:tomatoespotatoes五以ffefves(sknife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六（不变的fish,sheep,deerChinese,七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察,classfamily九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;manwomandoctor-mendoctors,teacher-womenteachers十fishfishespaperworkworksglassglassesorangeorangeslightlightspeoplestimetimeschicken小鸡十一）sKs(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB）名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s二）sss处理。如：Teachers’Dayclassmates’;Children’sDayWomen’sDay三）andandsroom（共住一间），Mike’sandrooms2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3、动词A）第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数复数那样加s一）一般在词后加sspells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二在x,sh,ch,s,tcheswatches,washes,wishes,三）1）yyies。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加ys。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）oes。如：does,五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：一ingsing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）eeing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）ieieying。如：tie-tyingdie-dyinglie-lying4、形容词的级构成如下：一）erest(erstgreater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二）11few-fewerfewester/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest三）yyier/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5、数词(基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接thyi,ethfirst,second,third;eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a)Thisisabook.(be动词)Helooksveryyoung.(连系动词)Iwantasweatlikethis.(实义动词)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情态动词)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe否定陈述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)KategotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Kateherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.疑问句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou?c)Doeslikesalad?DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.Isthetablebigorsmall?It’sbig./small.特殊疑问句①问年龄HowoldisLucy?Sheistwelve.②问种类Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.③问身体状况Howisyouruncle?Heiswell/fine.④问方式Howdo/canyouspellit?L-doubleO-K.Howdowecontactyou?.⑤问原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?Ⓐ问时间What’sthetime?(=Whattimeisit?)atotena.m..Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,Rick?Atfiveo’clock.Whendoyouwanttogo?Let’sgoat7:00.⑦问地方Where’smybackpack?It’sunderthetable.⑧问颜色Whatcolorarethey?Theyarelightblue.What’syourfavouritecolor?It’sblack.⑨问人物Who’sthat?It’smysister.Whoistheboyinblue?Mybrother.Whoisn’tatschool?PeterandEmma.WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?⑩问东西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)?It’sapencilcase.Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.问姓名yourname?HernameisWhat’syourfirstname?Myfirstname’sBen.What’syourfamilyname?Myfamilyname’sSmith.Whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.Whatletterisit?It’sbigD/smallf.Howmucharethesepants?They’re15dollars.What’syourphonenumber?It’s576-8349.What’shedoing?He’swatchingTV.Whatdoyoudo?I’mateacher.What’syourfather?He’sadoctor.三、初一英语语法——时态1它有：Be动词：She’saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn’taworker.情态动词：Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?Ican’tplaythepiano.行为动词：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeattomatoes?Theydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginathaveawatc