高考必备词汇讲与练8

高考必备词汇讲与练知识成就梦想；学习创造未来！List36bounda.注定会；受……约束的n.限制；跳跃vt.划界；约束常见搭配：beboundtodo…一定会做…withinbounds在许可范围内boundupin…专心于……(=beabsorbedin…)beboundfor…准备前往…boundupwith…与……关系密切词族：boundlessa.无边际的boundaryn.分界线；范围；边界真题例句：You’vemadesuchgreateffortsthatyouareboundtopasstheexam.你如此努力，一定能通过考试boundaryn.分界线；范围；边界常见搭配：boundarydispute边界争端nationalboundary国界BoundarybetweenAandBA与B之间的界线词族：bounda.注定会；受……约束的谚语：Ablindmanwholeansagainstawallimaginesthatit’stheboundaryoftheworld.坐进观天bown.&vi.鞠躬；低头常见搭配：give/takeabow鞠躬bowbefore屈服于……（=giveinto…）真题例句：Theydonothingbutbowtoplaygamesontheirphones.他们什么都没做，只是低头在手机上玩游戏bowln.碗；盆；一碗的量；盆地v.滚球；打保龄球常见搭配：abowlof….一碗…ricebowl饭碗；水稻种植区ironricebowl铁饭碗dustbowl风沙侵蚀区词族：bowling保龄球bowlfuln.一真题例句：Peopleusedtosharethefoodfrombigbowls.过去，人们分享大碗里的食物boxn.箱子；盒子；一盒的量；【棒球】击球手所在区【足球】发球区；vt.把…装箱；混杂常见搭配：aboxof…一盒…boxoffice票房；售票处inabox在一个盒子里；【引申】进退维谷；为难词族：boxern.拳击手boxingn.拳击boyn.男孩；男人常见搭配：ateenageboy青春期男孩；十几岁的男孩bigboy大亨；大人物badboy不良少年babyboy男婴handsomeboy帅小伙oldboy老生；【招呼语】老朋友newboy新人whippingboy代罪羔羊boywonder神童；青年才俊lazyboy懒人Astroboy铁臂阿童木词族：boyhoodn.童年谚语：AllworkandnoplaymakeJackadullboy.只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也会傻！boycottvt.&n.联合抵制真题例句：Somepeopleevensaidtheywouldboycotttheairline.有些人甚至说他们要抵制这家航空公司词汇辨析：boycott，resistboycott：表示抵制购买某物；参加某活动等resist：表示拒绝接受或试图阻止某事的发生1)Manyoldpeople__________changebecausechangemeansuncertainty.2)We_________allcarsproducedbythatcompanybecausetheyareofpoorquality.(keys1resist2boycott)brainn.脑子；脑袋；智慧常见搭配：braindrain人才外流onthebrain着迷；念念不忘brainstorm头脑风暴brainwork脑力劳动词族：brainlessa.愚蠢的；无头脑的真题例句：Peoplewhousetheleftsideoftheirbrainsarebetteratmathandsicence.使用左脑的人更擅长数学和科学根据提示完成句子1.Theunemploymentfiguresarenotnecessarily_______________(与…密切相关)theriseofprices.2.Generally,fathersaretoo_______________(忙于)theirworktohavetimefortheirchildren,butthisphenomenonischanging.3.Ithinkthattheso-called“____________(铁饭碗)”shouldbecompletelysmashed.4.Wearenotheretointerfereothers,norareweheretobeothers’_______________(替罪羊).5.Davidisnotoneofthosewhowillbowbeforechallenges.6.Theboyhasnothingbutgames______________(沉迷于).7.Idon’twanttoputyou_____________(为难),butitisyourdutytosolvetheproblem.8.Mr.Smithis____________(大人物)inourcitybecausehehasthelargestcompanyandcontributesalottothemunicipalconstruction.9.IwastoldthattheticketshadbeensoldoutwhenIgottothe____________(售票处).10.ChinaandIndiahaveheldseveralroundsoftalkstoresolvethe______________(边界争端).(keys1boundupwith2boundupin3theironrice4whippingboy5onthebrain6inabox7inabox8bigboy9boxoffice10boundarydispute)List37braken.刹车；制动器常见搭配：putonthebrake踩刹车brakepedal刹车踏板abrakeon………的阻力真题例句：WhenIwantedtostopmycar,thebrakewouldn’twork.当我想停车时；刹车失灵了branchn.树枝；分公司；分支v.出现分歧常见搭配：branchmanager分部经理overseasbranch海外分支机构branchout长出枝条；扩展范围；偏离主题branchoff分叉真题例句：AbranchofAIknownasdeeplearning,hasshownsouseful.作为人工智能的一个分支，深度学习已被证明是很有用的。brandn.商标；牌子；品牌常见搭配：famousbrand名牌leadingbrand一流品牌brandnew全新的brandimage品牌形象词族：brandingn.品牌术；品牌化vt.使……显得独一无二；给……加商标brandeda.打有烙印的；名牌商标的真题例句：ManyChinesebrands,havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.很多中国品牌，尽管经过几个世纪的发展积攒起来了声誉，正面临着来自现代市场的挑战。bravea.勇敢的；非常好的；vt.勇敢面对；冒（风险）常见搭配：braveitout拼到底bebravetodo…..勇敢做某事braveoneself自夸；自负；大言不惭bravenewworld美好新世界braveman勇士词族：bravelyad.勇敢地braveryn.勇气；勇敢的行为真题例句：Thewriteradvisesstudentstobebraveinthefaceofpains.作者建议学生们勇敢地面对痛苦。braveryn.勇气；勇敢的行为常见搭配：actofbravery英勇行为词汇辨析：bravery，couragebravery：指不怕困难、危险或痛苦，在危险时期展示出的大胆无畏的勇敢行为。(bravebehaviorwhichsomeoneshowsfacedwithdangerorpain)courage：侧重于勇气，指面对困难毫不畏惧的精神力量和敢于奋斗的进取心。(aqualityofspiritthatenablessomeonetofacedangerorpaineventhoughtheymaybeafraid.）1)Jakeshowedgreat____________inputouttheforestfirewhichspreadquickly.2)Thelittlegirlshowedgreat___________throughoutherillness.(keys1bravery2couragebreadn.面包；（通过劳动挣得的）钱财vt.在……撒面包屑常见搭配：make/bakebread做/烤面包breadandbutter基本的生活资料；生计aslice/pieceofbread一片面包dailybread日常食品；生计steamedbread馒头eatthebreadofidleness吃闲饭brownbread黑面包drybread干面包；没涂黄油的面包真题例句：Bakerswanttheirbreadandcakestobefreshanddeliciouseveryday.面包师想要他们的面包和蛋糕每天都新鲜美味。breakvt.&vi.打破；破坏；违反；中断n.间断；休息；短假；缺口常见搭配：breakthrough突破；有重大进展breakout爆发breakup驱散；破碎；结束breakupwith…与…分手/断绝关系breakdown发生故障；分解；坏了；垮了breakawayfrom…摆脱…；脱离…breakinto…闯入；破门而入breakof…改掉（习惯）；放弃breakwith…与……决裂/绝交breakoff中断；突然停止haveabreak休息一下makeorbreak要么成功要么失败breakthelaw违法词族：brokena.破碎的；breakern.打破者；【电】断路器真题例句：Hewillnotbreaktherulesinthefuture,sohewilllearnmoreinclassandstayoutoftrouble.他将不会违反规则，所以他会在课上学到更多且不惹麻烦。breakfastn.早餐vt.为……供应早餐常见搭配：havebreakfast吃早餐atbreakfast早餐时；正在吃早餐have…forbreakfast早餐吃……bigbreakfast丰盛的早餐bedandbreakfast早餐加住宿真题例句：Asusual，Igotupinthemorning,hadmybreakfast,andlistenedtosomemusic.像往常一样，我早上起床，吃早餐，听了一些音乐breakthroughn.突破；重大进展常见搭配；make/achieveabreakthroughin…在某方面取得重大进展Breakthroughpoint突破点；breakthroughtechnology突破性技术真题例句；Thesmallestbreakthroughcanmeanagreatdeal.再小的突破意义也很重大。breastn.（服装的）胸部；（人体或动物的）胸脯；乳房；v.挺胸顶着…；迎…而上常见搭配：breastmilk母乳breastcancer乳腺癌chickenbreast鸡胸肉breaststroke蛙泳breastpump吸乳器atthebreast吃奶的真题例句：IrememberthatshediedofbreastcancerwhenIwasalittleboy.我记得我还是小孩子的时候，她就死于乳腺癌。breathn.呼吸；气息；微风常见搭配：takeadeepbreath深吸一口气abreathoffreshair新鲜空气outofbreath喘不过气来takeone’sbreathaway使某人大吃一惊；令人屏息inthesamebreath同时catchone’sbreath喘口气holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸withbatedbreath(因恐惧、焦虑而)屏息地saveone’sbreath别费口舌inonebreath一口气gaspforbreath呼吸困难breathoflife不可或缺的东西词族：breathlessa.没有呼吸的；喘不过气来的；breathlesslyad.屏息地breathev.呼吸真题例句：Ifyouareoutofbreathwhilespeakingorifyourwordsstartrunningtogether,you’remostprobablyspeakingtoofast.如果你说话时喘不过气来，或者你的话语开始连在一起，那你很可能说得太快了。Fillingtheblankswithproperprepositions.1.Scientistshavemadeamajorbreakthrough_________thetreatmentofcancer.2.Theboardofthecompanydecidedtobranch________itsbusinessinordertomakemoreprofit.3.Increasingtariffisabrake_________thedomesticeconomy.4.Policehavetobreak___________thecrowdinordertokeepthetrafficmovingf5.Warsbetweenthemoftenbreak___________overdirtydishesinthekitchenandsomeothertrifles.6.Ihavebeenworkinginthecompanyfornearly20yearsandnowIwanttobreakaway_________it.7.Thepeacetalksbetweenthetwocountriesbroke__________andwarbrokeoutbeforelong.8.Theydecidedtobreak__________thecourthearingandmadeitanotherdayforthelackofsomeimportantevidences.9.Imadeasilentwishandthenblewthecandlesout_________onebreath.10.Mybosspraisedmyworkbut_________thesamebreathinformedmethatIwouldhavetoleave.(keys1in2out3on4up5out6from7down8off9in10in)List38breweryn.啤酒厂；酿酒厂词族：brewern.啤酒酿造者，阴谋家brewv.酝酿；酿酒例句：Ourbreweryproducesonly1200litersbeereveryyear.我们的啤酒厂每年只生产1200升啤酒。brickn.砖；积木vt.用砖围住a.用砖做的常见搭配：abrickwall砖墙brickbybrick一点一点地砌apileofbricks一摞砖makebrickswithoutstraw做无米之炊真题例句：TheGreatWallofChinaisaseriesofwallsmadeofstones,bricks,andothermaterials.中国长城是由石头、砖和其他材料筑成的一道道城墙。谚语：Youcan’tmakebrickswithoutstraw.巧妇难为无米之炊。briden.新娘；常见搭配；brideandgroom新郎新娘childbride童养媳词族：bridegroomn.新郎bridala.新娘的；婚礼的真题例句：Thebride’smothersawherlovelydaughterdressedinbeautifulwhite.新娘的母亲看到她可爱的女儿穿上了美丽的白色婚纱。bridgen.桥梁；纽带；桥牌vt.架设桥梁；把…连接起来；消除隔阂常见搭配：crossthebridge过桥bridgethegap缩小差距；消除隔阂buildabridge建造桥梁；建立关系suspensionbridge吊桥highwaybridge公路桥railwaybridge铁路桥真题例句：Inthisdocumentary,wesawthelongestsea-crossingbridgeintheworld.在这部纪律片中，我们看到了世界上最长的跨海大桥。TheSilkRoadhasbeenabridgebetweenEastandWestformorethan2,000years.两千多年来，丝绸之路一直是东西方的桥梁。briefa.简短的；常见搭配：inbrief简言之=tobebrief/brieflyspeakingabriefsummary简要的总结abriefmeeting一次很短的会议holdnobrieffor…不支持…；不赞同…abriefdescription简要的描述newsinbrief简讯；简要新闻词族：brieflyad.简短地；短暂地briefnessn.短促；简短真题例句：Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold.这个简短但完整的历史作品集一定会引起老少读者的兴趣。brighta.明亮的；聪明的；鲜艳的；有希望的n.头灯；明亮醒目的颜色常见搭配：abrightfuture光明的前途brightlight强光brightcolor鲜艳的颜色brightandearly一大早brightred鲜红brightgreen翠绿brightyellow嫩黄brightorange橙黄brightandsunny阳光明媚brightidea好点子brightside鲜亮的一面；让人高兴的一面词族：brightlyad.明亮地；鲜明地brightenvt.&vi.照亮；(使)高兴Brightnessn.亮度；聪明；活泼真题例句：OnMother’sDay,Irememberhowbrightmymother’seyeswereandhowhappyshewasatmygift.母亲节那天，我记得我妈妈的眼睛是多么明亮，她对我的礼物是多么开心。brillianta.灿烂的；闪耀的；有才气的常见搭配：abrilliantidea绝妙的想法abrilliantinvention杰出的发明bebrilliantat….在……上很卓越词族：brilliantlyad.灿烂地；辉煌地真题例句：Themapletreesturnbrilliantredinautumn,addinganotherdimensiontothecolorsintheharvestseason.秋天，枫叶变得鲜红，为丰收的季节增添了另一抹色彩。bringvt.带来；引起；促使常见搭配：bringabout引起bringup抚养；认为的提高；呕吐bringforward提出；提前bringin引进；bringout使显示出；出版bringforth发表；产生bringinto使开始；使进入某种状态bringintoeffect实施；使生效bringback拿回；使…恢复；使…回忆起bringdown降低；击落bringalong带来；使…发展真题例句；Theywantedtobringbacklocalcustoms,includingtheTongxiangflowerdrumopera.他们想重振当地习俗，包括桐乡花鼓戏。broada.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的常见搭配：abroadrangeof…大范围的…abroadstreet一条宽阔的街道broadshoulders宽厚的肩膀broadsmile/grin咧嘴笑broadband宽带ina/thebroadsense从广义上说broaddaylight光天化日broadinterests广泛的兴趣词族；broadenvt.扩大；拓宽broadlyad.宽广地；明显地breadthn.宽度真题例句：Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.她希望每个孩子都能有一个干净的口腔和灿烂的笑容。词汇辨析：wide；broadwide:侧重于两边或两点间的距离broad：强调两边之间的面积大1)Themanwith__________shoulderscarriedtheheavybagseasily.2)Thefisherman’sboatwasnearlyas__________asthewaterway.(keys1broad2wide)broadcastn.广播节目；电视节目vt.广播；播放；散布常见搭配：livebroadcast现场直播真题例句：Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?TheweatherreportisbeingbroadcastandIwanttolisten.你可以保持安静吗？正在播天气预报，我想听一下1.____________(简言之),theone-childpolicy,whichhasalreadygeneratedmanynegativeeffects,isunsuitableforthesituation.2.I__________________(不为……辩护)thedriver,butIdon’tthinkhewasresponsiblefortheaccident.3.Istillrememberthesunwasshining__________(bright)inacloudlessskywhenanUFOappearedrightaboveourtownallofasudden.4.Butterfliescan____________(bright)parksandgardensastheyflyamongtheflowers.5.Iwouldliketobeginby__________(brief)introducingtheserviceswhichweoffer.6.Sixiaolong’sactingcareerstarted__________(brilliant),butthensankintomediocrity(庸庸碌碌).7.Ingeneral,travellingcan__________(broad)ourhorizens.8.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlife,butforalongtimeitwas________(broad)consideredasasocialdisease.9.Youngasheis,hehasatremendous___________(broad)ofexperience.10.Mylittlesonisbuildingahouse______________(一点一点地)withhistoybricks.(keys1Inbrief/Tobebrief2havenobrieffor3brightly4brighten5briefly6brilliantly7broaden8broadly9breadth10brickbybrick)List39brochuren.小册子；手册常见搭配：travelbrochure旅游手册salesbrochure推广小册子真题例句：Heplacedthebrochureonhisdeskasareminder.他把小册子放在桌上作为提醒。brokena.打破；破坏；违反；中止常见搭配：brokenEnglish蹩脚的英语brokenheart破碎的心词族：breakablea.易碎的breakn.休息v.打破真题例句：Papercanbebrokenintosmallpiecesandmadeintonewpaper.纸可以被掰成小片，制成新纸broomn.扫帚vt.扫除常见搭配：anewbroom刚上任的官；新就职者谚语：Newbroomssweepclean.新官上任三把火。brothern.兄弟；战友常见搭配：older/elderbrother哥哥youngerbrother弟弟twinbrother孪生兄弟halfbrother同父异母（同母异父）兄弟bloodbrother亲兄弟；结拜兄弟brotherinarms战友词族：brotherlyad.亲切地；兄弟般地brother-in-law姐夫，妹夫；内兄弟；小叔大伯brotherhoodn.兄弟关系；手足情谊真题例句：Themidwivescalledherbackintimetoseeherbrothercomeintotheworld.助产士及时把她叫回来，让她亲眼看到弟弟的降生browna.褐色的，棕色的；肤色深的；未去壳的n.棕色；褐色vt.使变成棕色/褐色常见搭配：darkbrown深褐色；深棕色brownrice糙米reddishbrown红棕色brownhair棕发goldenbrown金黄色；淡棕色=lightbrownbrownsugar红糖brownpaper牛皮纸brownstudy出神；深思BrownUniversity布朗大学真题例句：Thewhitebearsarewhiteinwinter,butgray-browninsummer.这些白色的熊在冬季是白色的，但是在夏季是灰棕色的。brunchn.早午餐（breakfast+lunch构造而成）Brunchismealthatiseateninthelatemorning.Itisacombinationofbreakfastandlunch.例句：Thismorning，Iwenttoarestaurantfamousforitsbrunchbuffet.今天上午，我去了一家以自助早餐闻名的餐馆。brushn.刷子，画笔；灌木丛地带vt.刷掉；拂去；轻擦常见搭配：brushup擦光；复习，提高brushupon…温习；复习toothbrush牙刷brushone’steeth刷牙writingbrush毛笔=brushpenbrushaside漠视；不理；不顾；扫除brushaway刷掉;赶走brushoff刷掉；丢弃；脱落词族：brushya.毛茸茸的；灌木丛生的真题例句：HegaveBenhisbrushwithworryonhisfacebutjoyinhisheart.他把刷子给了本，脸上看似忧虑，实则满心欢喜。bucketn.水桶；一桶之量；投篮得分常见搭配：kickthebucket翘辫子；一命呜呼bucketsof大量=abucketof…bucketdown下倾盆大雨=pourdown/comedowninbucket真题例句：TheIceBucketChallengerequiresthatparticipantspourabucketoficewateronthemselves.冰桶挑战要求参与者将一桶冰水倒在自己身上。budgetn.预算；vt.制定预算；计划a.廉价的；经济型的常见搭配：budgetfor….…的预算overbudget超出预算on/withinbudget在预算范围内underbudget低于预算onabudget节省费用；避免不必要的开支词族：budgetarya.预算的budget-friendly划算的真题例句:Ihaveatightbudgetforthetrip,soI’mnotgoingtoflyunlesstheairlineslowerticketprices.我的旅行预算很紧张，所以除非航空公司降价，否则我不打算坐飞机。buffetn.自助餐;快餐部vt.连续猛击常见搭配：buffetlunch自助午餐buffetsupper自助晚餐breakfastbuffet自助早餐buffetrestaurant自助餐厅真题例句：Afteranicebuffetatnoon,hewaspleasedtofindthatthescenerywasbeautiful.中午吃了一顿丰盛的自助餐后，看到风景很优美，他感到很开心。Completethefollowingsentencs.1.Therearehuge______________(budget)pressuresonsomelocalgovernmentstoincreasetheireducationfee.2.Heshookhisheadslightlyto______________(赶跑)thememoriesofhisex-girlfriend.3.Tonight,Iwill_______________(温习)myEnglishforthecomingExamtomorrow.4.Theyweremadefromhardplasticsandthat’swhytheywerevery____________(break).5.InHolland,thegovernmentsetsa___________(年度预算)forhealthcare.6.Lookatthedarkcould.Iamafraidthattherainwill_____________(倾盆而下)inaminute.7.Hisheirsweregreedilywaitingforhimto____________(翘辫子).8.Wearenotwell-off,sowehadbetterlive____________(节省开支).9.Everymorning,mycuteKittywakesmeupwithher___________(brush)paws.10.The_____________(brother)friendlycooperationbetweenbothpeopleshasbornerichfruit.(keys1budgetary2brushaway3brushupon4breakable5yearlybudget6bucketdown7kickthebucket8onabudget9brushy10brotherly)List40buildvt.&vi.建造；建设;建筑n.体格；体型常见搭配：buildup逐渐增强buildon/upon把…建立于…buildin嵌入；插入buildupone’sconfidence树立某人的信心buildupfromnothing白手起家词族：buildingn.大楼；建筑物例句：Thecross-seabridgebeingbuiltatpresentwillbecompletedintwomonths.这座正在建造的跨海大桥将于两个月后完工。bunn.小甜面包常见搭配：steamedbun馒头steamedstuffedbun包子bunchn.串；扎；束v.捆；扎；使集中常见搭配：abunchof…一捆；一扎；一串；thebestofthebunch出类拔萃的人或物bunchup收拢；收紧词族：bunchya.成串的；成束的真题例句：Havingsurvivedtheheartattack,Monicabroughtherdoctorabunchofflowerstoexpressherthanks.莫妮卡从心脏病中存活下来，为了表示感谢，她给医生送了一束花。bungalown.平房，小屋Abungalowisasmallhousewithoneortwobedroomsandusuallyonebathroom.burdenn.负担；重担vt.承受…重担常见搭配：bear/carrytheburdenof…承受…的负担ceasetheburden减轻负担aburdenon/tosb.某人的负担burdensb.with…用…烦恼某人→beburdenedwith…被……困扰heavyburden重负taxburden税务负担真题例句：Moodyandimpatient,burdenedbyfearsthatresultedfrommyearlyyears,Iwasnotaneasychildtolove.早年的我，喜怒无常，缺乏耐心，种种恐惧让我不堪重负，我不是一个容易被人疼爱的孩子。bureaucratica.官僚的；官僚政治的常见搭配：bureaucraticorganization官僚组织bureaucraticpower官僚权力bureaucraticsystem官僚体系bureaucratictone官腔词族：bureaucracyn.官僚主义；官僚体制bureaucraticallyad.官僚主义地真题例句：Hehaddoubtsaboutlarge,bureaucraticorganizations.他对庞大的官僚组织心存疑虑。burglarn.窃贼；破门盗贼常见搭配：catburglar飞贼burglaralarm防盗报警器词族：burglaryn.盗窃行为；夜盗v.入室行窃真题例句：ThatnightIsleptsoundlybecauseIwassurethatnoburglarcouldgetintoourhouse.那晚，我睡得特别香，因为我确信没有窃贼能进我家。burialn.掩埋；葬礼；葬a.埋葬的常见搭配：burialground坟地；废物掩埋场buryvt.埋葬；隐藏；遮盖；把……埋藏在地下常见搭配：buryoneselfin…埋头于…；集中精力于…buryone’sfaceinone’shands双手掩面bury…in…把…埋入…真题例句：Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhotrappedandtoburythedead.军队组织各队去挖出被困者并掩埋死者。burnvt.&vi.燃烧；烧毁；点燃常见搭配：burndown烧毁（建筑等）；火势减弱burnout烧坏；烧尽；耗尽精力burnup烧起来；发怒burnon焊接上burninto侵蚀；使深印于…doaslowburn【美俚语】渐渐发怒起来词族：burnta.烧焦的；烧伤的；晒黑的真题例句：Thegoodnewsisthatinsidefatcanbeeasily