中石油职称英语真题(打印版)

中石油职称英语真题(打印版)中石油职称英语真题(打印版)中石油职称英语真题(打印版)中石油职称英语真题(打印版)编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:2005年真题=1\*ROMANI.Vocabulary(20points)Withindayshebecameparalyzed,andpeoplefearedthathemightdie.Buthe_________.a.absorbedb.dissolvedc.discoveredd.recovered2.Tilden,theotherpresidential______,actuallyreceivedmorevotes.a.advocateb.candidatec.sponsord.opponent3.AnOlympicrunnerwinsa_______.a.medalb.modelc.modled.modest4.Tofindouthowthebeesmanagedtotelltime,anunusualexperimentwas_______fouryearsago.a.carriedonb.carriedawayc.carriedoutd.carriedout5.Everysocietyhasitsownpeculiarcustomand_____ofacting.a.waysb.behaviorc.attituded.means6.They______theirknowledgeintheexplodingworldofideas.a.modernizeb.supplyc.updated.upgrade7.Ishouldliketorentahouse,modern,comfortableand______inaquietneighborhood.a.allinallb.aboveallc.afteralldoverall8.It’sdifficulttodivinewhatconstitutesan______tipinanycountry.a.appropriateb.thoughtfulc.considerabled.sufficient9.Shipbuilderswouldnot_____theirmoneyunlesstheyknewthattheycouldmakeaprofit.a.investb.inventd.involved.invite10.Attheendoffouryears,thesesixextrahoursofeachyear____twenty-fourhours,eupwithd.putupwith11.Don’t______thisnewstothepublicuntilwegiveyouthego-head.a.releaseb.relievec.related.retain12.Earthisoneofnineplanetswhich______aroundthesun.a.spinb.rollc.rotated.revolve13.“Nosenseinyougettingusbothkilled!”Iyelled_____him.a.atb.withc.tod.out14.Whatyouhavedoneis______doctor’sorders.a.attachedtob.responsibletoc.resistanttod.contraryto15.Iwanttoexpressthe_____ofallofus,forthiswonderfullywarmwelcome.a.appreciationb.enjoymentd.evaluationd.reputation16.Wehireand______mote17.AccordingtogovernmentmandateintheLionCity,tippingisnot______.a.admittedb.remittedc.permittedd.emitted18.Theenvironmentalcostswereregardedmoreastemporaryinconveniencesthanas_____liability.a.imaginativeb.peculiarc.persistentd.original19.Scientistspredictthattheworld’sknownoilresourceswill_____earlyinthenextcentury.a.runoffb.runoutc.runupd.runover20.Nowapersonworksforacertainamountofmoney_____hecanpayforfoodandclothing.a.incaseb.sothatc.astod.suchas=2\*ROMANII.Grammar(20points)21.Thebasicrockmaterialisreferredto______.a.asthematrixb.bethematrixc.byscientisttobethematrixd.asbeingthematrix22.TheoilindustryofIndia______twoWorldWarsandwithstoodtheeconomic,socialandpoliticalupheavalsofaparticularlytroubledcentury.a.survivedb.hassurvivedc.wassurvivedtod.hasbeensurviving23.Althoughbaleenwhalemayweigh______twentyelephants,itfeedsonseaplantsandanimals.a.somuchtob.asmuchtoc.somuchasd.asmuchas24.Manusestheenergyforeverythingfromflyingtothemoonto______aboutit.a.thinkb.thoughtc.thinkingd.willthink25._______hisarmsoverhishead,Lincolndeclaredhewasthe“bigbuckofthelick.”a.Waveb.Wavingc.Wavedd.Beenwaved26.______retirearestillabletoreceivepensionthattheyhavepaidintothesocialsecuritysystemduringtheirworkingdays.a.Mostpeopleb.sincemostpeoplec.Mostpeopleared.Mostpeoplewho27.Therewardwasnotalwaysgiventoeveryone,nor_____tothosewhodeserveditmost.a.itwasnotgivenb.wasgivenc.itwasnotgivennord.wasnotitgiven28.Between1890and1970themonetarycostsofsupplyingenergy_____moreorlessconstantordeclined.a.tostayb.wasstayedc.stayedd.hasstayed29.Thewater________ManhattanhasbeenveryimportanttoNewYork.a.surroundb.issurroundedc.surroundingd.surrounded30.Theassumption_____humancloningrestsisthatallgeneticcellscontainexactcopiesoftheoriginalseto9fgeneticinstructions.a.onwhichb.onthatc.atwhichd.which31.Forthecreaturestobecomeoil,itwasnecessarythatthey______betweenlayersofrockforanenormouslengthoftime.a.beenimprisonedb.shallbeimprisonc.shouldbeimprisond.willbeimprisoned32.Thegas-oilcontactorgas-watercontact_____thelowerlimitofproduciblegas.a.isb.arec.wered.hasbeen33.Thereisalsoaninterestinseahorse,puffersandothersaltytypeswithshapes____andcolors____thaneventheshowiestoffresh-waterfish.a.morestrange…morebrightb.stranger….brighterc.stranger…morebrighterd.morestrange…brighter34._______wasaplantedsaplingoftheAmericanredwoodtree.a.Thereisoneofthegiftsb.Oneofthegiftsthatc.Thatoneofthegiftsd.Oneofthegifts35.Anairship_______byenergyfromthesunhasbeensuggested.a.poweringb.topowerc.ispoweredd.powered36.Mostscientistsagree_______washotforatleastatime.a.someofthemoonthatb.someofthemoonitc.thatsomeofthemoond.whilesomeofthemoon37.Agroupofscientistsdemandedthatthefederalgovernment____allthestudiesithasfoundedoncloning.a.revealb.revealedc.isrevealingd.mustreveal38._______hearingisreallyproducedinallanimalsbytheeffectofpressureisnotdefinitelyknownbyscientists.a.Ifornotb.Whetherornotc.haveneverheardofd.hadneverheardof39.Itwassomethingwe________.a.neverhearofb.haveneverheardofc.neverheardofd.hadneverheardof40.“CouldIborrowyourbike?”“Yes,you_________”.a.canb.couldc.mayd.would=3\*ROMANIII.Readingcomprehension(30points)Question41-44SaudiArabia,OPEC’scautiousgiant,understandsallthis.WhenBillClintonmetSaudiArabia’sCrownPrinceAbdullahthisweek,Mr.Clintonarguedforanoutputrisebigenoughtoputanendtothesepainfulprices.PrinceAbdullahhaspromisedto“makeeveryefforttoensureequilibriumintheoilmarketsandtostabiliseprices.”ThisweekherevealedthatSaudiArabiahasbeenquietlyleakinganextra600,000barrelsperday(bpd)ontothemarketsinceJulyinanefforttocoolprices..Ifthatistrue,itjustgoestoshowthatmanagingtheoilmarketsiseasiersaidthandone.DespiteseveralSaudi-inspiredoutputincreasesbythecartelinrecentmonths,thepricehasremainedstubbornlyhigh;thisweek,itsoaredtonearly$35abarrel,thehighestsincetheGulfwarin1990.Asthecartel’soilministersgatherinViennaonSeptember10thtohammeroutnewproductionquotas,theyareonceagainunderintensepressuretoreleasemoreoil,andfast. TohearOPECmemberstalk,youmightthinkthatseriouspricereliefisontheway.Thereisdiscussionof“managing”pricesdownthroughanewishpricemechanism.Atthecartel’smeetinginMarch,ministersquietlyagreedagrandnewplantokeepoilwithinatargetbandof$22-28abarrel.IfthepriceofabasketofsevenOPECcrudesstaysbelow$22for20tradingdays,thecartelissupposedtocutproductionby500,000barrelsa0ay.Ifitstaysabove$28for20tradingdays,itwillautomaticallyraiseproductionbythesameamount.Thispricebandhasbecomethemaintopicofdiscussioninadvanceoftheupcominggatheringofministers.PrinceAbdullaheventalksofareturntoastablemarketwithinmonths.Oiltradersandanalystsnotethatthe20-daylimitlookslikelytobetriggeredagainthisweek.AnewreportbyLehmanBrothers,aninvestmentbank,echoestheviewofmany:“Ourexpectationisthatproductionwillbeincreasedby500,000bpd,eitherthroughthepricemechanismorthroughaseparateagreement.”Whenitreleasednewfiguressuggestingthatdomesticoil-stocklevelsarelowerthanpreviouslythought,theAmericangovernment’sEnergyInformationAdministrationaddedthatittooexpectsanincreaseofthatsize.AddingsupporttothistheoryaremumblingsfromOPECdelegatesinsupportofthemechanism.Twodecadesago,intheyearofthecartel’s20thbirthdaycelebrations,ministersgatheredinIndonesiatohammeroutdetailsofaclevernewscheme:amechanismwherebythepriceofoilwouldbefixed,andadjustedeveryquarterautomaticallyforsuchfactorsasinflationandcurrencyfluctuations.Membershadagreedontheambitiousplan,exceptforonecrucialdetail:atwhatpricetostartthisprice-pegcrawling.ThecautiousSaudis,theself-proclaimedguardiansoftheoilmarket,wantedapricebelow$30abarrel;thehawksinthecartel,unconcernedaboutconsumers’pain,demandedamuchhigherprice.Theensuingbickeringensuredthattheschemecollapsed.Historymaynowberepeatingitself.Whenthecurrentprice-stabilizationschemewasfirstunveiled,punterswithshortmemoriesplacedbigbetsthatthecartelwouldadheretoit.Bymid-June,thepricebaskethadsailedpastthe20-dayuppertrigger.ButOPECdidnot“automatically”release500,000barrels.Variousconfusedandcontradictoryexplanationssurfacedfromministers,butnottheoil.Onlyattheirnextofficiallyscheduledmeetingdidtheycomeupwithameagerquotaincrease.41.Thepassageconfirmsthata.highoilpricescanbecontrolledifOPECincreaseoiloutput.b.BillClintonaccomplishedhismissionforthevisittoPrinceAbdullah.c.Abdullahmadeallhiseffortstocontroloilpricewithoutconsideringthebenefitsofhisowncountry.d.managingtheoilmarketiseasiersaidthandone.42.HowmanyoilpriceschemeswererecommendedbyOPECministersaccordingtothepassage?a.Oneb.Twoc.Threed.Four43.What’stheauthor’sopinionaboutSaudiArabia?

a.SaudiArabiaisthelargestcountryamongthemembersofOPEC.b.SaudiArabiaisthemostactivecountryinOPECtocontroloilpricesforthebenefitoftherestoftheworld.c.SaudiArabiaistheguardianoftheworldoilmarket.d.SaudiArabiaseemstohavestrongintentiontocontroltheoilpricestoaacceptablelevel,butittakesactionsverycarefullyfortheconsiderationofitsownbenefit.44.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?a.OPECis,inthemostcases,notreliable.b.allthemembersofOPEChavetheintentiontoloweroilpriceswhenthepricesgetveryhigh.c.TheoilpricesarefullycontrolledbythemarketandOPECcandonothingwiththemeventhoughtheywishtod.InmostcasesOPEChasbeenveryefficientinmanagingoilprices.Question45-48Thehorseprecededmanonearth.AlthoughtheearliestremainsofprimitivehorseshavebeenfoundontheNorthAmericancontinent,manyscientistbelievethissmallspeciestraveledoveralandmassintheBeringSeatofoundthebeginningsofthemodernhorseinAsia.ItbecameextinctinAmerica.OtherscientistsbelievethatthehorsemayhaveoriginatedinAsia.InanyeventtheanimalsoonspreadintoChina,Europe,andtheMiddleEast.ThefirstmodernhorsestobeintroducedintotheAmericancontinentcamewiththeearlySpanishexplorers.Horseswerebredintomanytypes.TheheavyhorsesdevelopedinthelowcountriesofEuropeandwereusedforArabian.Theonlytruewildhorsesleftinthe20thcenturyarefoundinMongolia.Horsesaresaidtorateinintelligenceaftertheape,elephant,anddog.Theyhaveexcellentmemoriesandcansometimesfindtheirwayhomewhenlost,andsensedangerbetterthattheirmasters.Theearlycivilizationsofmanthathadmadeuseofhthorsedevelopedmorerapidlythanthosewhichdidnot.45.Someofthecharacteristicsofthehorseare_________a.poormemoriesb.greatloyaltyc.moreintelligentthedogd.insomeareastheycansurpasstheabilitiesofman46.Thehorseoriginated___________heMiddleEastb.inEuropec.ontheNorthAmericancontinentd.inSpain47.Theprimaryusesofthehorseforearlymanwere___________a.forfoodb.forprestigec.tomakemoneyd.toworkforhim48.Whatcanbesaidaboutthevarietiesofhorses?a.Theearlyhorseswerelargerthanthemoremodernbreeds.b.Theonlytruewildhorsesleftinthe20thcenturyareintheMiddleEast.c.TheoldestbreedofthemodernhorseissaidtobetheArabian.d.Medievalknightspreferredfast,activehorses.Questions49-52RecentintrusionsintothelivesofpublicfigureshavehighlightedthelackoflawsguardingprivacyinBritain.Asaresult,oneissueunderdiscussionasParliamentreturnsthisweekisthepossibleintroductionoflegislationtocurbpresspowers.ThegovernmentwillprobablytakenoactionuntilitreceivesareportfromacommitteechairedbySirDavidCalcutt,dueinJanuary1993.thecommitteeisexaminingwhetherthepressshouldberegulatedbytougherlegislation.Itisalsoconsideringthewaysinwhichthepresshasinvadedtheprivatelivesofthefamous.TheCalcuttcommitteehasreportedoncebefore,in1990.itrecommendationsledtothecreationofthePressComplaintsCommission,underwhichthepresswasgiventhechancetoregulateitselfwithouttheneedforaprivacylaw.Italsoproposedanewcriminaloffenceofphysicalintrusiontoobtaininformationforpublication.Thisproposal,whichwasnotactedupon,wouldhavemadeitunlawfultophotographpeopleonprivatepropertytorecordtheirconversationswithoutpermission.Itwouldhavemadeitanoffencetoenterapropertytoplaceabugorobtainpersonalinformation.Thecommitteesaidthatthepressshouldbeallowedtoinvadetheprivacyofapublicfigureonlywhenitwaslikelytoexposeorpreventcriminalactivity,otherwisehisorprivacyshouldbeleftalone.Butagenerallawprotectingprivacywasrejected.Sincethen,reportsinsomenewspapersandmagazinesaboutpeople’sprivateliveshaveignoredthecommittee’srecommendations.TheprivatelivesofGovernmentMinistersandmembersoftheRoyalFamilyhavefeaturedprominentlyinthepress.PhotographsoftheDuchessofYorkSunbathinginFrance,forexample,havebeenwidelypublished.Somesectionsofthemediajustifytheirintrusionbysayingitisinthepublicinterest.Inademocracy,theyargue,thepublichasarighttoknowwhatpeopleinpositionsofpoweraredoing.Politiciansandothersareaccountablefortheirlives.Privacylaws,thesecriticssay,wouldprotecttheprivileged.Additionally,manypoliticiansusetheirprivatelivestogainpopularsupport,forexamplebyparadingtheirfamiliesbeforecamerastoemphasized“traditionalvalue”.Hence,someeditorssaytheyarejustifiedinpryingintoprivatelivestouncoveranyfaults.Likewise,theRoyalFamilyissupportedfrompublicfunds,andthereforeitisarguedthatitsmembersshouldleadresponsibleprivatelives.49.WhichofthefollowingoccurredrecentlyinBritain?a.areportfromacommitteechairedbySirDavidCalcutt.B.Intrusionintothelivesofpublicfiguresc.Introductionoflegislationtocubpresspowerd.TheGovernment’sactiontoprotectprivacy.50.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?a.ThepresshasmorefreedomtopublishprivacyofthefamousafterthefoundationofthePressComplaintsCommission.b.Tophotographpublicfiguresonpublicpropertyislegal.c.Aprivacylawisunnecessarysincethepresshastheabilitytoregulateitself.d.ThePressComplaintsCommissionwasformedoutofthepressandthusdidsomethinginfavorofthepress51.Whatkindofpeoplearelikelytoappreciatetheinvasionoftheirprivatelife?a.ThemembersofCalcuttcommitteeb.royalfamilyc.popstarsd.somegovernmentleaders52.Whichisalawfulpurposeforintrusionintoprivacy?a.Todisclosecriminalactivityb.TobeinagreementwithPrivacyLawc.Togainpopularsupportd.ToprotecttheprivilegedQuestions53-56Whendidsportbegin

Ifsportis,inessence,play,theclaimmightbemadethatsprotismucholderthanhumankindfor,asweallhaveobserved,thebeastsplay.Dogsandcatswrestleandplayballgames.Fishedandbirdsdance.Theapeshavesimple,pleasurablegames.Frolickinginfants,schoolchildrenplayingtag,andadultarmwrestlersaredemonstratingstrong,trans-generationalandtrans-speciesbondswiththeuniverseofanimalspastpresentandfuture.Younganimals,particularly,tumble,chase,runwrestle,mock,imitate,andlaugh(orsoitseems)tothepointofdelightedexhaust.Theirplay,andours,appearstoservenootherpurposethantogivepleasuretotheplayers,andapparentlytoremoveustemporarilyformtheanguishoflifeinearnest.

Somephilosophershaveclaimedthatourplayfulnessisthemostnoblepartofourbasicnature.Intheirgenerousconception,playharmlesslyandexperimentallypermitsustoputourcreativeforces,fantasy,andimaginationintoaction.Playisreleaseformthetediousbattlesagainstscarcityanddeclinewhicharetheincessant,andinevitable,tragediesoflife.Thisisagrandconceptionthatexcitesandprovokes.Theholdersofthisviewclaimthatoriginsofourhighestaccomplishments-liturgy,literatureandlaw-canbetracedtoplayaimpulsewhich,paradoxically,weseemostpurelyenjoyedbyyoungbeastsandchildren.Oursports,inthisratherhappy,non-fatalisticviewofhumannature,aremoresplendidcreationsofthenon-datable,trans-speciesplayimpulse.53.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_________a.GamesforAnimalsb.TheOriginsandMeaningofPlayc.APlayfulViewofModernPhilosophyd.TheRoleofSportinChildDevelopment54.Itseemstotheauthorthatyounganimalsplayinorderto________a.gainpleasureb.learnspecificbehaviorpatternsc.delighttheirownersd.exercisetheirgrowingmuscles55.Onemayinferfromthepassagethatplayisimportanttoadultsbecauseithelpsthem_____eractmorewithanimalsandnaturec.channeltheircreativityd.improvetheirphysicalstrength56.Theword“noble”couldbestbereplacebywhichofthefollowing?

a.snobbishb.wealthyc.royald.admirableQuestion57-60Toensuresimilarityinscientificinvestigationormonitoring,nationallyandinternationallyagreedstandardsarebeingintroduced.Severalsystemsofdocumentingexperimentalmethodsandproceduresareinusetodayandarebecomingincreasinglyimportantforindicatingdataqualityandverifyingtheintegrityofstudies.OnesuchapproachisGoodLaboratoryPracticewhichwasintroducedin1982bytheHealthandSafetyExecutivetomonitorthetestingofindustrialchemicals.Since1982therangeoflaboratoriesinspectedhasbeenextendedtoincludethoseworkingwithpharmaceuticals,agrochemicals,cosmeticsandfoodadditives.GoodLaboratoryPracticeisconcernedwiththeway.laboratoryorfieldstudiesareplanned,monitored,recordedandreportedandtheconditionsunderwhichthisoccurs.FollowingtheprinciplesofGLPensuresthatthestudiesareproperlyplanned,canbeadequatelycarriedoutandarefullyandaccuratelyreported.Aspanoftheplanning,executionandreportingofastudy,thevariousprocessescarriedoutarecarefullydocumentedasStandardOperatingProcedures.Thevalueoflong-termobservationofenvironmentalfactorshasonlybeenrecognizedrelativelyrecentlyalthoughsomemonitoringoftheenvironmentalfactorshavebeeninexistenceforoveracentury.Thebestknownlong-termstudyisprobablytheBroadbalkExperimentatRothamsted.Broadbalkandtheotherlong-termexperimentsatRothamstedandelsewherearenowprovingtobeextremelyvaluablebyansweringquestionsnotconsidered,norevenconceived,whentheywereoriginallysetup.Evensotheyarelimitedingeographicscopeandbythefactthattheyareconfinedtoonelandusecategory.Currentenvironmentalandecologicalmonitoringnetworks,whilenotlimitedgeographically,haveinthemainbeensetuptomeasurejustoneaspectoftheenvironment.Incontrast,theEnvironmentalChangeNetwork(ECN)wassetuptogiveaddedvaluetolong-termmonitoringanddatacollectionbyprovidinganetworkofsitesindifferentpartsoftheU.K.andunderavarietyoflanduseconditionswherecomparablelong-termdataonawidevarietyofenvironmentalvariablescouldberecorded.TheideaofanetworksuchasECNwasfirstconsideredinthemid1970sbuttheconceptdidnotreachfruitionuntil1992.Theselectionoftheinitialnetworkofterrestrialsiteswasbasedonarangeofcriteria.Oneofthemostimportantrequirements,giventheintendedlong-termnatureoftheproject,wasfinancialsecurityalthoughconsistentqualityofresearchwasalsorequired.Theprojectintendedthatothersitesrepresentingmorevariableclimatezonesandlandusewilleventuallyjointhenetworkasfundingbecomesavailable.ThemonitoringcardedoutateachECNsitecoversarangeofphysical,chemicalandbiologicalmeasurements.WherepossibleproceduresandmeasurementsusedbyexistingnationalmonitoringschemesareemployedsothatECNprovidesanintegratingfunctionforthemoreextensivesectorialnetworks.Environmentalchangesduetofactorssuchasclimatechangearelikelytobedifficulttoidentifyagainstthebackgroundnoisearisingfromthenumeroussources,bothnaturalandman-made,ofenvironmentalvariability.Itisdesirable,therefore,tominimizeanyadditionalvariationduetooperatorinvolvement.Tothisend,andtoensureconsistencyandrepeatability,protocolsforeachofthekeymeasurementswereproduced.57.Howmanyexperiment(s)was(were)conductedonthemonitoringoftheenvironmentalfactors?a.Unknownb.Twoc.threed.one58.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeanin“OnesuchapproachisGoodLaboratoryPracticewhichwasintroducedin1982bytheHealthandSafetyExecutivetomonitorthetestingofindustrialchemicals?”a.Performanceb.Standardc.Experimentd.Repetition59.Whichisthecorrectdescriptionof“EnvironmentChangeNetwork?”a.Itisanetworkwhichisexpectedtoprovideenvironmentalandecologicaldatarepresentingmoregeographicalareasb.Itisacurrentenvironmentalandecologicalnetworktomeasureonlyoneaspectoftheenvironmentc.EnvironmentalChangeNetworkremainedfunctioninguntil1992.d.EnvironmentalChangeNetworkwaswetuptomakelong-termmonitoringofenvironmentmorecostly60.Thepassageimplies,thoughitdoesnotexplicitlystate,that_______is(are)themostpromisingapproachtothelong-termmonitoringofenvironmentalfactors.a.BroasbalkExperimentb.GoodLaboratoryPracticec.EnvironmentalChangeNetworkd.StandardOperatingProceduresCloze(10points)UntilrecentlymosthistoriansspokeverycriticallyoftheIndustrialRevolution.They______thatinthelongrunindustrializationgreatlyraisedthestandardoflivingforthe_______man.Buttheyinsistedthatits______resultsduringtheperiodfrom1750to1850werewidespreadpovertyandmiseryforthe_______oftheEnglishpopulation._______contrast,theysawintheprecedinghundredyearsfrom1650-1750,whenEnglandwasstilla_______agriculturalcountry,aperiodofgreatabundanceandprosperity.Thisview,_____,isgenerallythoughttobewrong.Specialists_______historyandeconomics,have______twothings:thattheperiodfrom1650to1750was_______bygreatpoverty,andthatindustrializationcertainlydidnotworsenandmayhaveactuallyimprovedtheconditionsforthemajorityofthepopulace(平民).61.mptc.instantd.immediate64.bulkb.hostc.grossd.magnitude65.Inb.Withc.Ford.Bpletely67.a.howeverb.meanwhilec.therefored.moreover68.a.atb.inc.aboutd.for69.a.manifestedb.approvedc.shownd.speculated70.a.notedb.impressedc.labeledd.markedTranslation(20points)Thechemicalindustrydependsveryheavilyonpetroleumandnaturalgasassourcesofrawmaterials.Itislikelythatinexcessof80%oftheliterallythousandsofdifferentbasicorganicchemicalsemployedtodayarederivedfromthesesources.Thepetrochemicalindustryhasgrownwiththepetroleumindustry.Asisthecasewiththelatesttrendsinchangingcrudeoiltypes,itmustalsoevolvetomeetchangingtechnologicalandhumanitarianneeds.Themanufactureofchemicalsfrompetroleumandnaturalgasconstituentsisanexcellentexampleoftheconversionofsuchmaterialstomorevaluableproducts.Theindividualchemicalsmadefrompetroleumandnaturalgasnumerousandincludeindustrialchemicals,householdchemicalsandpaints,aswellasintermediatesforthemanufactureofproducts,suchassyntheticrubberandplastics.Theprocessingofpetroleumhydrocarbontoyieldmaterialsthatare,essentially,thebuildingblocksofotherchemicalsindustries,isnowveryextensive.2006年真题I.Vocabulary1.Theyremainedfullofhopeanddetermination______theirrepeatedfailures.大纲6--8A.inspiteofB.insteadofC.insearchofD.becauseof2.Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheircars,andthis______createsfurtherproblems.大纲3--9A.inturnB.incaseC.afterallD.intime3.Thefootballplayerishopingto______toanotherclub.大纲4--2A.transferB.transmitC.transformD.transport4.Iwishmysonwouldstop______anddosomethingrealistic.大纲5--12A.hangingonB.hangingontoC.hangingaboutD.hangingup5.Hewas______bytheexternalexaminer.04版－7课A.felt B.loseC.failed D.defeated6.Atrapisoneofthefiveessential______foracommercialaccumulationofoilorgas.04版－20课A.acquisitiveB.quiet C.acquaintancesD.requisites7.TheSaudisarealsoafraidthatreleasingtoomuchoilcould