2022年湖南省永州市中考英语试题（含答案解析）

永州市2022年初中学业水平考试

英语（试题卷）第一部分听力技能（共两节，计20分）第一节（共5分，每小题1分）听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。Whatdoesthemanneed?A. B. C.」lOVIWhatdoesLucy'scousinlooklike?第二节（共15分，每小题1分）听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。听第一段材料，回答第6〜7小题。Whatisthewoman'sfavoritesubject?A.PE.B.Music.C.Math.Whydoesthewomanlikeit?A.Becauseitisralaxing.B.Becauseitisinteresting.C.Becauseitiseducational.听第二段材料，回答第8〜9小题。Whataretheygoingtohavefordinner?A.Dumplings.B.Noodles.C.Sandwiches.Whowillhelpthemtomakedinner?C.Dave'ssister.A.Dave'smother.B.Lisa'sfather.听第三段材料，回答第10~11小题。C.Dave'ssister.WhatwilltheweatherbelikethisSaturday?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.WhatwillthewomandoonSaturday?A.Shewillclimbthemountains.B.Shewillstayathome.C.Shewillvolunteeratthelibrary.听第四段材料，回答第1274小题。Whatkindofmoviearetheygoingtowatch?A.Comedy.B.Actionmovie.C.Sitcom.Whattimedoesthemoviebegin?A6:30p.m.B.7:00p.m.C.7:30p.m.HowdoesJackgotothecinema?A.Byb汰e. B.Bybus.C.Bycar.听第五段材料，回答第15~17小题。Whatkindofbooksdoesthewomanborrow?A.Westernculture.B.Chinesefood.C.Easternhistory.Howmanybooksdoesthewomanborrow?A.Onebook.B.Twobooks.C.Threebooks.Howlongcanthewomankeepthebooks?A.Threedays.B.Sevendays.C.Ninedays.听第六段材料，回答第18~20小题WheredidtheschoolEnglishDaytakeplace?AIntheschoollibrary.B.Ontheschoolplayground.C.Intheschoolhall.Whatwasthemostpopularactivityonthatday?A.Handwritingcompetition.B.Speechcontest.C.Singingshow.WhatdidthespeakerthinkoftheEnglishDay?A.Useful.B.Wonderful.C.Meaningful.第二部分阅读技能（共两节，计50分）第一节阅读选择（共40分，每小题2分）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。AFoodGonetoWasteMorethanabilliontonsoffoodarewastedeachyear,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.That's17%ofthefoodproducedintheworldinayea匚Mostwastehappensathome,thereportssay.Peoplebuytoomuchfood.Theyalsothrowitawaytoosoonbecauseofthedateonthepackage.Wastehappensinrestaurantsandstores,too.Expertssaygovernmentsneedtodomoretoavoidfoodwasteanddevelopbetterhabits.RichardSwannellisoneofthereportsauthors.Hehopesthegovernmentwillleadpeopletovaluefoodmore.4tFoodistooimportanttowaste.,,hesays.Howmuchfoodiswastedeachyear?A.Morethanamilliontons. B.Morethanabilliontons. C.Over17%ofthefoodproduced.Wheredoesmostfoodwastehappen?A.Inrestaurants. B.Athome. C.Instores.BHabitatforHumanityisagroupthatbuildshomesforfamiliesinneed.Thisgroupworksallovertheworld.Volunteershelpbuildthehomes.Theyareunpaidworkers.Volunteerscanbebuildersandpainters.Theycanalsobeteachersorbankers.Somearestudents.HabitatforHumanityhasbuiltmorethan300,000houses.「◎ TheNumberofHousesBuilt1h"1aMe'how、houmanyhousesHabitatforHumanitybuiltfromVGto2007Thegroupwassetupin1976.E1996 20002003200s2007YearsWhenwasHabitatforHumanitysetup?In1976.In1996.In2007.HowmanyhousesdidHabitatforHumanitybuildin2003?A.100,000. B.150,000. C.300,000.WhomdoesHabitatfbrHumanitybuildhomesfor?A.Familiesinneed. B.Unpaidworkers. C.Buildersandpainters.CParentsandchildrenoftenfacethechallengesofmoney.Commontopicsincludesettingpocketmoney,learningtosave,anddecidingtobuyexpensivethings.Thegoalofmostparentsistoteachtheirkidshowtodealwithmoneywisely.Thegoalofmostkidsisgettingmoneytospend.Howcanfamiliesachievethesegoals?TheTidierfamilyinDenverfoundthebestwaytoteachaboutmoneywastolettheirkidsmakesomemoney.Theirson,Ryan,17,hasbeenwateringinthegardensincehewas8.Heownedhisowntoolswiththehelpofhisparents.Nowhehassaved$7,800.Besides,heboughtabikeandawonderfulsoundsystem.Andheisgoingtobuyacarnextyear.Moneyskillsareanimportantpartofbecomingasuccessfuladult.DavidBradymanagesacompanytowardchildrenandyoungadults."Theyshouldn'tbealwaysthinkingofspendingmoney."Bradywarns.Instead,theyshouldunderstandbasicrulesformakingmoney,savingmoney,andmanagingmoney.Thatknowledgeisgreatlyneeded.Overthepasttenyears,mostAmericansaged18to24borrowednearly$3,000oncreditcard（信用卡）.Amonghighschoolseniors,fouroutoffivehavenevertakenaclassaboutmoney.GiselleLopez,17,ofNewYorkCity,learnedthehardway.Sheowed（欠）$2,000onherfirstcreditcard.Herparentsrefusedtopay,soGisellegotajob.Thenshepaidthemoneyoffslowlybyherself.4tNoweverytimeIusemoney,IknowthatitcomesfrommyownpocketJGisellesays."Thatgivesmeasenseofresponsibilityfbrmy

actions.,,Differentkidswillhavedifferentstyleswhenitcomestomoney.Teachingthemhowtousemoneydoesn'thavetomeansettingstrictrules.WhenchildrenlikeRyanandGisellehavetheirownmoneytoconsider,theycanlearntosetthoserulesthemselves.Whatisthegoalofmostparentsaboutmoney?Tosetkids'pocketmoney.Togetmoneytospend.Toteachkidshowtodealwithmoneywisely.WhatisthebestwaytoteachaboutmoneyinTheTidierfamily?Tobuyexpensivethings.Togivekidssomemoney.Toletkidsmakesomemoney.WhatdidRyanbuywithhisownmoney?C.WateringtoolsC.$7,800.C.Byherself.C.WateringtoolsC.$7,800.C.Byherself.HowmuchmoneydidGiselleoweonherfirstcreditcard?A.$2,000. B.$3,000HowdidGisellepaythemoneyofsheowed?A.Bycreditcard. B.Byherparents.OnAugust30,2021,theChinesegovernmentannouncedthatkidswouldnotbeallowedtoplayonlinegamesMondaystoThursdays.Onweekendsandholidays,kidswouldbelimited（限制）toanhouradayofonlinegaming.“Recently,manyparentshavereportedthatplayinggamescrazilyamongsomeyouthsandchildrenisseriouslyharmingtheirnormalstudy,lifeandhealth.theChinesegovernmentsaidonline.Thisnewsgotusthinking.Shouldthegovernmentberesponsibleforlimitinghowmuchtimekidsspendonline?Herearesomestudents'opinions.EsmeMcNeely,11Thegovernmentshouldnotsetscreen-timelimits.Thatdecisionshouldbeuptoparents.Somechildrenneedtousescreensforhomework.AndduringtheCOVID-19,oneoftheonlywaystotalktofriendswasonline.Governmentlimitswouldnotbefairtopeoplewhoarecarefulwiththeirscreentime.LucasBarone,11Thegovernmentshouldnotlimitscreentime.A2021studyfromtheUniversityofColoradoBouldersaysscreentimemightbelessharmfultokidsthanpeoplethink.Someparentsworrythatchildrenonlinetoomuchwon'tmakefriends.Butthestudyreportsthatscreentimecanactuallyimprovekids'friendships.Infact,screentimecanbeeducational.Iusewebsitestoreadandtolearnmath.XiuhanZhu,9Ithinkthegovernmentshouldtakeactionandlimitscreentimeforkids.Toomuchscreentimecanleadtotirednessandlesssocialtime.Peoplewhousesmartphonesaremorelikelytogetintocaraccidents.Electricalproductslikecomputerscanalsobeharmfulforkids.Ifkidsaren'tcarefulwiththewebsitestheyuse,criminalscangetimportantinformation.NingLi,10MostpeoplespendtoomuchtimeontheirphonesandTVs.Theyhurttheireyesandwastetheirtime.AndwatchingalotofTVorplayinggamescaninfluencekids'learningandsocialskills.Ifthegovernmentlimitedscreentime,peoplewouldbeencouragedtospendmoretimewiththeirfamily.Theymightjoinasportsteamintheirneighborhood.Whenarekidsallowedtoplayonlinegamesforanhouraday?A.OnMondays. B.OnWednesday. C.Onweekends.Whoisagainstscreen-timelimits?A.EsmeMcNeely. B.XiuhanZhu. C.NingLi.WhatdoesthestudyfromheUniversityofColoradoBouldershow?Screentimemightdonoharmtokids.Screentimecanimprovekids'friendships.Screentimewon'thelpkidsmakefriends.WhatareNingLi'sopinionsaboutscreen-timelimits?Toomuchscreentimecanleadtotiredness.Criminalscangetimportantinformationeasily.Peopleareencouragedtospendmoretimewiththeirfamily.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Screentimecanbeeducational.Screentimecanleadtolesssocialtime.Whetherthegovernmentshouldsetscreen-timelimits.ESmart,SocialAnimalsRecently,researchershavefoundthatdolphinsknowtheirownnamesmuchlikepeople.Dolphinstalktooneanotherwithwhislles（口哨）andcalls.Scientistshaveknownthattheanimalsalsouseunusualwhistlestonameeachother.Theyhadthoughtthatdolphinsonlyheardeachother'svoices.However,thescientistsdidn'tknowthatdolphinslistenfortheirnamestoo.Totestthisidea,theresearcherscaught14dolphinsandrecordedtheirnamecalls.Thescientiststhencopiedeachdolphin'svoice.Whenthechangedrecordingswereplayed,thedolphinsrepliedstronglytothenamesoftheirrelativesandgroupmembers.Theypaidnoattentiontothenamesofdolphinstheydidnotknow.Dolphinsliveinlargegroupsthatgrowandchange.Eachdolphin'sunusualwhistlehelpsitquicklyfindafriendorafamilymember,orcallforhelp.Understandingtheircallsrequireslearning.It'saskillthat'sseeninveryfewanimals,whichincludehumans,elephantsandbats.Elephants,forexample,communicatewithsound.Theirsoundscanbeheardbyotherelephantsmilesaway.Dolphins,too,communicatewitheachotherbymakingsoundslikethis.Elephantsalsocommunicatebymovingtheirhead,feetandtrunk.Inmuchthesameway,dolphinscommunicatebytheirmovements.Theyoftentoucheachothertoexpressfriendship.Unlikedolphins,elephantsalsocommunicatebytheirgreatsenseofsmell.Theycanrecognizeotherelephantsbythesmellstheyhave.Whydodolphinsandelephantssharethegiftofcommunication?Scientiststhinkitmaybebecausetheyaresocialandsmartanimals.Bothhavestrongfamilyrelationship.Now,whethertheyalsohavenicknamesisanotherquestion!Whathaveresearchersfoundaboutdolphinsrecently?Dolphinsknowtheirownnames.Dolphinsonlyheareachother'svoices.Dolphinstalktooneanothernotmuchlikepeople.Justbeforetheresearchersrecordeddolphins'namecalls,they.A.copieddolphins'voiceBcaught14dolphinsC.trainedthedolphinstowhistleWhenadolphingetsintotrouble,whatwillitdo?A.Itwillcallforhelp.B.Itwillturnitshead.C.Itwilltouchanotherdolphin.Whatarethedifferencesbetweendolphinsandelephantsincommunication?A.Elephantscancommunicatebysmell.B.Elephantscancommunicatebysound.C.Dolphinscancommunicatebymovement.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recognize”meaninChinese?A.驱逐 B.认出 C.触碰第二节阅读匹配（共10分，每小题2分）阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，其中选项中有一项是多余的。Afunwaytoputyourselfinagoodmood（情绪）isbycreatingamoodboard.What'sthat?21SusieMoore,alifecoach,oftenguidespeopleatmood-board-makingclasses.Attheendofaclass,eachpersonhasbuiltacollectionthatputshimorherinanactivemood.Tocreateyourownmoodboard,you'llneedasoftboardoracardboard.22Gothroughthem,cuttingoutphotosforyourboard.Useyourfeelingstochoosewhatworksbest.Here,ShayMaunzusesMoore'stipstocreateamoodboardandofferstipsonhowyoucanmakeyourown.Anythingthatmakesyoufeelgood,useit.Iusedphotosofmyfavoritefoodwatermelon,andmyfavoriteanimal,penguins.Youmightuseyourmoodboardtosetgoalsfbrthingsyour'dliketoachieve.Iwanttoreadatleast30booksthisyear.Maybeit'syourclassroom,aplayground,oracomfortablecomerathome.Youcanputphotosofthatplaceonyourmoodboard,orchoosephotosthatremindyouofit.IusedthisphotoofWestVirginia,whereIgrewup.Noteverythingonyourmoodboardhastoserveapurposeorbeconnectedtoyourlife.Choosesomephotosjustbecauseyoulikethem.25Thisisalsoagoodtimetothinkabouthappythings.It'sanythingthatencouragesyouormakesyouhappy.Onesteptostartiswithsomeofyourfavoritethings.EverytimeIlookatthesephotos,theymakemesmile.Thinkaboutaplacethatmakesyoufeelsafeandhappy.You'llalsoneedoldmagazines,greetingcardsandphotographs.第三部分知识运用（共两节，计20分）第一节词语填空（共10分，每小题1分）阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。IamJosAndres.Mymealswillfeedanastronaut,myfriendLope-Alegria,whomImetmanyyearsago.Mylovefor26wassomethingthathappenedveryearlyinmylife.Slowlybutsurely.Ididn'tthinkIwouldworkasa27 .butithappensthatithasbecomemyjob.Mymotherandmyfatherwerevery28tomydevelopmentasacook.Ihavethreebrothers,andwewouldalwayshelpinthe29settingthetable,takingthedishestothedishwasherandhelpingmymom.Wegottolovecookingbecausecookingwasa30momentofbeingtogether.Ionlyhavefunmemoriesofthosemoments.Soitwasmyparentsthatinterestedmeincooking.Then,asIgrewup,1beganlearningaboutcookdoingverycoolthings.Iwas15or16whenIbeganworkinginthesummerinaseafood31 .Forsomereason.Ifoundmyselfinchargeof（负责）thekitchen.NotbecauseIwaspreparedtobethecook,butbecausetheothercooksleft.Andwhentherewasnobodyaround,Icould32 .butthenafuturecookwouldnotappear.Ilovesciencefiction,andIalwayshaddreamsofwhatitwouldbelikecookingforafarawayplanet.SoIbegantalkingtosome33 .Lopez-Alegriaisoneofthem,whogavemethe34beaspacecook.Whowouldhavesaidthataguylikemewouldbeputtingadishintospace?Thisisabiglessonforallofus:Itdoesn'tmatterhowimpossibleyour_35 isifyouworkhard,maybethedreamisnotasimpossibleasyouthink.26.A.drivingB.cookingC.flying27.A.cookB.driverC.pilot28.A.silentB.importantC.correct29.A.yardB.gardenC.kitchen30.A.hardB.goodC.dark31.A.restaurantB.marketC.store32.A.takeupB.giveupC.putup33.A.astronautsB.scientistsC.writers34.A.secretB.prizeC.chance35.A.difficultyB.problemC.dream第二节语法镇空（共10分，每小题1分）阅读下面的材料，在空白处境入适当的内容（限1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。36.Readmorebooks,youwillhavesomethingtowrite.37.1plan（send）agifttomyfathertomorrowforFather'sDay..1usuallybrushmyteethandtakeshoweratseveno'clockdaily.Beijinghasheldthe24thWinterOlympicGames（successful）.Whenplayinginthehallwaysstudentsshouldavoid(push)eachother.Don'tbeafraidofasking(you)parentsorteachersforhelpifyouareintrouble.Halfamonthago,we(spend)theDragonBoatFestivalwithourfamilytogether.NowChinesepeoplearelivingahappylife.Don'tbesurprisedifaChinesepersonyouhavejustmetonatrain(invite)youfbrameal.MaoZedongwasbornShaoshanin1893andhereturnedtoliveherefbrashorttimein1927.WeChineseshouldbeproudofourhistory,ourwrittenlanguage,our(invention)andourachievements.第四部分写作技能(共三节，30分)第一节回答问题阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。SagarikaSriramwas10yearsoldwhenshestartedreadingnewspaperstories.Onestorywasaboutsharks.Theyhadplasticintheirstomachs.Sagarikaknewsheneededtodosomething.First,shejoinedagroup.Itorganizedclean-upactivitiesinDubai.That'sherhomecity."ThegrouphelpsmeunderstandwhatapersoncandoandhowIcanreallymakeadifference.Mshesays.ThenSagarikacreatedKidsfbraBetterWorld.Itsgoalistofightclimate(气候)change.Ithasbroughttogethernearly10,000youths.Theycomefromallovertheworld.KidsforaBetterWorldisforpeopleaged8to16.Itteachesthemaboutwhattheycandotodealwithclimatechange.Theycangrowfoodorplanttrees.Theycancollectrecyclables.4kThisistheinformationwhichcanhelpchangeourfuture.*,Sagarikasays.Dubaiisadesertbigcity.GrowinguptherehasmadeSagarikaunderstandtheneedfbraction.Hercityfacestherisksofrisingtemperaturesandlesswatersupply.Shebelievesyoungpeoplecanbringattentiontotheseenvironmentalchallenges.Sagarikaisallaboutsmallactions.Butshehasbigplans.She'dliketogotocollegeinCalifornia.Whileshe'sthere,she'llcontinuebeinganactivist.She'llalsoberunningKidsfbraBetterWorld,Shehopestoencourageotherstofightforagreenerplanet.HowoldwasSagarikaSriramwhenshestartedreadingnewspaperstories?WhereisSagarikaSriram'shomecity?WhatisthegoalofKidsforaBetterWorld?WhatrisksdoesSagarikaSriram'scityface?WillSagarkaSriramcontinuebeinganactivitistwhenshegoestocollege?第二节语篇翻译(共8分，每小题2分)阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。DancingLionsHaveyouseenlionsdancinginthestreets?IthappensonthefirstdayofthenewyearinChina.Thelionsdancetothebeatofadrum.Theyarenotreallions.Theyaredancersinlioncostumes.Thelionsdancingispartofatraditionthatiscenturiesold.ItstartedinChina.1.Itmeansbringinggoodluckinthecomingyear.Usually,alionincludestwodancers.2.一个控制头。Theothercontrolsthetail.“Ithinkofitasasport.^^saysAnthonyHuang,aged16.HeisamemberoftheNewYorkChineseFreemasonsAthleticClub.Anthonyperformsasthelion'shead.Itcanweigh20pounds.LiondancingisimportanttoAnthony.Inthepast,liondancingwasperformedmostlybymen.Butithaschangedtoday.LionDanceMeisaliondancinggroup.ItisinSanFrancisco,California.Thereareboysandgirlsonitsteam.3.他们一起舞。AsandaTang-Leeis17.Shesaysanyonecantakeupliondancing.4tYouhavetohaveconfidencethatyoucandoit."shesays.Liondancingwilllikelycontinuetodevelop.4.Butonethingthatwillneverchangeisthesens。ofcommunityamongleammembers."Wecallitafamily,Anandasays."It'sreallygreat,becausewealwayshaveeachother5sbacks.” 第三节书面表达（共12分）55.为积极响应落实国家“双减”政策，你校英语老师研发了多种形式的英语作业，为学生减负，为教学增效。英语组正在举办题为“MyfavoriteEnglishhomework”的征文活动。请根据以下表中信息，写一篇短文投稿。要求：1）文中不得出现真实人名，校名和地名；2）语言通顺，表达正确；3）至少三个理由：4）词数：80词左右。MyfavoriteEnglishhomeworkReasonsWishes/Suggestionsthewholebookreading整本书阅读playshow话剧表演kingofwords单词王collectionoftranslationofpublicplaces搜集公共场所的英语译文moviedubbing电影配音volunteerguideforforeigners给老外当导游develop/raisereadinginterest,readinghabit...improvereadingability,thinkingability,languageability,writingability,communicationability...buildconfidence树立自信enlargevocabulary扩大词汇learnbypracticeenrichknowledgeandexperienceknowaboutwesternculturetellChinesegoodstoriesspreadChinesetraditionalandexcellentculture参考词汇："双减"政策"DoubleReduction''policy；减轻学生负担releasestudents'burden；提升教学效果improveteachingquality永州市2022年初中学业水平考试英语答案解析第二部分阅读技能（共两节，计50分）第一节阅读选择（共40分，每小题2分）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。A【答案】LB2.B[1]细节理解题。根据“Morethanabilliontonsoffoodarewastedeachyear”可知，每年有超过十亿吨的食物被浪费，故选B。【2】细节理解题。根据“Mostwasteh叩pensathome”可知，大多数浪费发生在家里，故选B。B【答案】3.A 4.B5.A[3]细节理解题。根据图表中的"Thegroupwassetupin1976.”可知人类的栖息地组织是在1976年创立的。故选A。[4]细节理解题。根据图表中的“NumberofHouses”时间轴2003对应的数字150,000可知人类的栖息地组织在2003年建造了150,000间房子。故选B。[5]细节理解题。t&iEwHabitatforHumanityisagroupthatbuildshomesforfamiliesinneed.w可知人类的栖息地组织是一个为有需要的家庭建造房子的组织。故选A。C【答案】6.C 7.C 8.B9.A10.C[6]细节理解题。根据“Thegoalofmostparentsistoteachtheirkidshowtodealwithmoneywisely.“可知，大多数父母的目标是教他们的孩子如何明智地处理金钱。故选Co[7]细节理解题。根据"TheTidierfamilyinDenverfoundthebestwaytoteachaboutmoneywastolettheirkidsmakesomemoney.”可知，丹佛市的Tidier一家发现教育金钱的最好方法就是让他们的孩子赚钱。故选Co[8]细节理解题。根据"Besides,heboughtabikeandawonderfulsoundsystem.”可知,他买了一辆自行车和一套很棒的音响系统。故选B。[9]细节理解题。根据“GiselleLopez,17,ofNewYorkCity,learnedthehardway.Sheowed（欠）$2,000onherfirstcreditcard.”可知，吉赛尔的第一张信用卡欠了2000美元，故选A。[10]细节理解题。根据“Thenshepaidthemoneyoffslowlybyherself.”可知,吉赛尔自己还的信用卡，故选CoD【答案】11.C12.A13.B14.C15.C[11]细节理解题。根据“Onweekendsandholidays,kidswouldbelimited（限制）toanhouradayofonlinegaming.”可知，在周末和节假日，孩子们每天只能玩一个小时的网络游戏。故选C。［12］细节理解题。根据“EsmeMcNeely,11...Thegovernmentshouldnotsetscreen-timelimits.“可知，EsmeMcNeely反对限制，故选A。［13］细节理解题。根据“A2021studyfromtheUniversityofColoradoBouldersaysscreentimemightbelessharmfultokidsthanpeoplethink.Someparentsworrythatchildrenonlinetoomuchwon'tmakefriends.Butthestudyreportsthatscreentimecanactuallyimprovekids'friendships.“可知，科罗拉多大学博尔德分校2021年的一项研究称，屏幕时间对孩子的伤害可能比人们想象的要小，一些家长担心孩子上网太多会交不到朋友，但研究报告称，屏幕时间实际上可以改善孩子们的友谊。故选B。［14］细节理解题。根据“Ifthegovernmentlimitedscreentime,peoplewouldbeencouragedtospendmoretimewiththeirfamily.”可知，如果限制屏幕时间，人们就会被鼓励花更多的时间和家人在一起。故选C。【15】主旨大意题。本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。选项C“政府是否应该设置屏幕时间限制”符合主题，故选C。E【答案】16.A17.B18.A19.A20.B［16］细节理解题。根据“However,thescientistsdidn'tknowthatdolphinslistenfortheirnamestoo.”可知,海豚也会听它们的名字，说明海豚直到自己的名字。故选A。［17］细节理解题。根据“theresearcherscaught14dolphinsandrecordedtheirnamecalls”可知，研究人员抓了14只海豚，并记录了它们的叫声。故选B。［18］细节理解题o根据“Eachdolphin'sunusualwhistlehelpsitquicklyfindafriendorafamilymember,orcallforhelp.”可知，每只海豚都能发出不同寻常的哨声，帮助它迅速找到朋友或家人，或呼救。故选A。［19］细节理解题。根据“Unlikedolphins,elephantsalsocommunicatebytheirgreatsenseofsmell.Theycanrecognizeotherelephantsbythesmellstheyhave.“可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。故选A。［20］词句猜测题。分析“Unlikedolphins,elephantsalsocommunicatebytheirgreatsenseofsmell.Theycanrecognizeotherelephantsbythesmellstheyhave.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，所以它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。此处recognize的意思是“认出”，故选B。第二节阅读匹配（共10分，每小题2分）【答案】21.B22.F23.C24.E25.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，给我们如何创建一个情绪板，控制自己的情绪。［21］根据"Afunwaytoputyourselfinagoodmood（情绪）isbycreatingamoodboard.What'sthat?”可知，此处在介绍创建一个情绪板的定义，选项B“它是任何鼓励你或让你快乐的事情”符合语境，故选B。［22］根据"Tocreateyourownmoodboard,you'llneedasoftboardoracardboard.”可知,此处介绍创建自己的情绪板需要的东西，选项F“你还需要旧杂志、贺卡和照片‘'符合语境，故选F。［23］根据"Anythingthatmakesyoufeelgood,useit.“可知，此处建议任何能让你感觉良好的东西都用上，选项C“第一步就是从你最喜欢的东西开始”符合语境，故选C.24］根据"Maybeit'syourclassroom,aplayground,oracomfortablecomerathome.”可知,此处介绍一些地方，选项E“想一个让你感到安全和快乐的地方''符合语境，故选E。[25]根据"Noteverythingonyourmoodboardhastoserveapurposeorbeconnectedtoyourlife.Choosesomephotosjustbecauseyoulikethem.”可知，不是你情绪板上的每件事都必须有目的或与你的生活有关，选项A“这也是一个思考快乐事情的好时机”符合语境，故选Ao第三部分知识运用（共两节，计20分）第一节词语填空（共10分，每小题1分）【答案】26.B27.A28.B29.C30.B31.A32.B33.A34.C35.C[26]句意：我对烹饪的热爱发生在我很小的时候。driving开车；cooking烹饪：flying飞行。根据"mydevelopmentasacook”可知，作者热爱烹饪，故选B。[27]句意：我没想过我会成为一名厨师，但它碰巧成为了我的工作。cook厨师；driver司机；pilot飞行员。根据"mydevelopmentasacook”可知，作者是一位厨师，故选A。[28]句意：我的父母对我成为一名厨师非常重要。silent寂静的；important重要的；correct正确的。根据“Mymotherandmyfatherwerevery...tomydevelopmentasacook.Ihavethreebrothers,andwewouldalwayshelpinthe...settingthetable,takingthedishestothedishwasherandhelpingmymom.”可知，父母对我成为一名厨师非常重要，故选B。[29]句意：我有三个兄弟，我们总是在厨房帮忙摆桌子，把盘子放到洗碗机里，帮妈妈的忙。yard院子；garden花园；kitchen厨房。根据"settingthetable,takingthedishestothedishwasher”可知，是在厨房帮忙，故选C。[30]句意：我们爱上了烹饪，因为烹饪是我们在一起的美好时光。hard难的：good好的：dark黑暗的。根据“Wegottolovecooking”可知，爱上了烹饪，是因为这是好时光，故选B。【31】句意：我15、16岁那年夏天开始在一家海鲜餐厅打工.restaurant餐厅；market市场；store商店。根据"Forsomereason.Ifoundmyselfinchargeof（负责）thekitchen.^^可知，是在海鲜餐厅打工，故选A。[32]句意：当周围没有人时，我可以放弃，但这样一来，未来的厨师就不会出现了。takeup开始从事；giveup放弃；putup举起。根据"butthenafuturecookwouldnotappear”可知，作者不会成为厨师的前提是那时放弃了，故选B。[33]句意：所以我开始和一些宇航员交谈。astronauts宇航员；scientists科学家；writers作家。根据"Mymealswillfeedanastronaut,myfriendLope-Alegria”可知,是宇航员，故选A。[34]句意：洛佩兹•阿莱格里亚就是其中之一，她让我有机会成为一名太空厨师。secret秘密；prize奖品；chance机会。根据"Lopez-Alegriaisoneofthem,whogavemethe...beaspacecook.”可知，Lopez-Alegria给了作者成为一名太空厨师的机会，故选C。[35]句意：如果你努力的话，你的梦想有多不可能都没有关系，也许梦想并没有你想的那么不可能。difficulty困难；problem问题；dream梦想。根据"maybethedreamisnotasimpossibleasyouthink”可知，此处提到的是梦想，故选C。第二节语法镇空（共10分，每小题1分）.【答案】and【详解】句意：多读书，你就会有东西可写。根据“Readmorebooks,...youwillhavesomethingtowrite.“可知，此处是“祈使句，and/or+陈述句”结构，前后之间是顺承关系，用and,故填and。.【答案】tosend【详解】句意：明天是父亲节，我打算送一份礼物给父亲。plantodosth”计划做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语,故填tosend。.【答案】a【详解】句意：我通常每天七点刷牙和洗澡。takeashowe式洗淋浴，洗澡”，固定短语，故填a。.【答案】successfully【详解】句意：北京成功举办了第24届冬季奥运会。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfullyo.【答案】pushing【详解】句意：在走廊玩耍时，学生应避免互相推揉。avoiddoingsth“避免做某事”，故填pushing。.【答案】your【详解】句意：如果你遇到麻烦，不要害怕向你的父母或老师寻求帮助。此处作定语修饰“parentsorteachers”,用形容词性物主代词形式，故填your。.【答案】spent【详解】句