人教版高中英语必修四-复习

人教版高中英语必修四-复习人教版高中英语必修四-复习人教版高中英语必修四-复习资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月人教版高中英语必修四-复习版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：Book4UNIT1only+状语（副词、介词短语或从句）位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。（把be动词/情态动词/助动词提前到主语前面）only+状语+助V+主语+其他IrealizedthatIwaswrongonlythen.☞OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.②YoucanlearnEnglishwellonlyinthisway.☞OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.③Wewillachievesuccessonlywhenweworkhard.☞Onlywhenyouworkhardwillyouachievesuccess.spend、pay、cost、take表“花费”sb+spend+time/money+(in)doingsth/onsthsb+pay+money+forsthIt+cost(sb)+money+todosthsth+cost+sb+moneyIt+take(sb)+time+todostheg:①读这本书花了他两天的时间。Hespenttwodays(in)readingthisbook.=Ittookhimtwodaystoreadthisbook.买这辆车花了他20万元。Hespent200,000onthiiscar.=Hepaid200,000yuanforthecar.leada(+adj.)life过着...的生活leadaquiet/simple/happylifelookdownupon/on...鄙视...瞧不起...eg：我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。Weshouldn’tlookdownupon/onthedisable.bychance=byaccident碰巧，偶然地eg:我偶然找到了那本丢失了的书。Ifoundthelostbookbyeacross...偶然碰到（某人），偶然发现（某物）eg：我今天早上在街上遇到了一个老朋友。Icameacrossanoldfriendonthestreetthismorning.carryon(sth)继续；坚持eg：在他死了之后，他的孩子肯定会坚持他的梦想的。Afterhisdeath,hischildrenwillcertainlycarryonhisdream.carryout履行，执行，实行eg：你必须实履行你的承诺，要不然的话没人会相信你。Youmustcarryoutyourpromise,ornoonewillbelieveendtodosth打算做某事eg：我打算赶上早班车，但我没有及时起床。Iintentedtocatchtheearlytrain,butIdidn’tgetupintime.beintendedforsb为...而准备，专供...使用eg：这张椅子是为你准备的，但她拿走了。Thechairwasintendedforyou,butshetookitaway.devoteoneself/one’slifeto(doing)sth=bedevotedto(doing)sth奉献于...，献身于...，致力于...devotedadj.奉献的，忠诚的devotionn.奉献eg：这个医生致力于研究疾病。Thedoctordevotedhimselftostudyingsickness.=Thedoctorwasdevotedtostudyingsickness.connect...with...把...和...联系起来eg：我们应该把学习和思考联系起来。Weshouldconnectlearningwiththinking.值得做某事Sth.Be(well)worth+doing[worth形容词，值得的、值（多少）]Sth.beworthy+ofbeingdone/tobedone/ofsth[worthy表被动]Itisworthwhile+todosth./doingsth [worthwhile形容词，值得的]eg：这本书值得一谈。Thebookisworthreading.=Thebookisworthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytoberead.=Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.arguewithsb.Aboutsth.同某人辩论某事eg：他正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法。Heisarguingwiththeirclassmatesaboutthesolutiontotheproblem.crowdn.人群v.拥挤crowdin涌入eg：门打开了，所有人都涌进来了。Thedooropenedandallthepeoplecrowdedin.refer...to...(referred,referring)1）提及，谈到，指的是2）指的是，与...有关3）参考，查阅eg：会议上提到他的名字。Hisnamewasreferredtoatthemeeting.referencen.参考UNIT2born...过去分词作状语，与主语之间为被动关系。eg：钟南山1941年5月1日出生在广州，他是中国最伟大的医生之一。BorninGuangzhouonMay1,1941,ZhongNanshanisoneofthegreatestdoctorsinChain.thankstosb/sth多亏，由于=becauseof...eg：多亏你的帮助，我按时完成了任务。Thankstoyourhelp,Ifinishedtheworkontime.ridAofB使A摆脱/除去Bgetridof...摆脱/除去...eg：你应该改掉坏习惯。Youshouldridyourselfofthebadhabbits.=Youshouldgetridofthebadhabbits.英语中的倍数表达法：（n-1）倍+比较级+than...倍数+as+原级+as..倍数+the+名词+of...（n：size大小，length长度，width宽度，height高度，weight重量）Once\twice\threetimeseg：这条鱼是那条鱼的四倍大。Thisfishisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.=Thisfishisfourtimesasbigasthatone.=Thisfishisfourtimesthesizeofthatone.besatisfiedwith...对...感到满意eg：她对自己的所得从不感到满足。Sheisneversatisfiedwithwhatshehasgot.satisfyvt.使满意satisfiedadj.感到满意的（sb）satisfyingadj.令人满意的(sth)=satisfactory（常用）satisfactionn.满意toone’ssatisfation让某人满意的是eg：让我满意的是，他的行为很令人满意。Tomysatisfaction,hisbehaviourissatisfactory.careabout在乎，在意eg：我不在乎别人说什么。Idon’tcarewhatotherssay.thereforeadv.因此，所以（可与and同时使用）soconj(连词)因此，所以（不可与and同时使用）eg：天下雨，足球赛因此而延期了。Itrainedandthereforethefootballmatchwasputoff.confusevt.1）使迷惑2）混淆confusedadj.感到迷惑的confusingadj.令人迷惑的confusionn.迷惑，混淆beconfusedabout....对...感到迷惑eg：我对这个令人迷惑的问题感到迷惑。Iamconfusedabouttheconfusingquestion.wouldrather+（not）dosth宁愿（没）做...eg：我宁愿现在在乡村里工作。I’dratherworkinthecountrysidenow.wouldrather+(not)havedonesth宁愿过去（没）做了....（而实际未做）（虚拟语气）eg：我宁愿昨晚呆在家里。Iwouldratherhavestayedathomelastnight.wouldrather...than...宁愿...而不...eg：我宁愿在家看电视也不愿去电影院。IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.11.regretv.1)后悔2）遗憾regret+doingsth后悔做过某事（常用havingdone）regret+todosth遗憾要做某事eg：我后悔以前浪费了太多时间。Iregrethavingwastedtoomuchtimebefore.我很遗憾地告诉你我不能去你的生日派对。IregrettotellyouIcan’tcometoyourbirthdayparty.12.It做形式宾语形式：主+谓v+it+adj./n.+(forsb)todo+that(从句)eg：我认为对于我们来说学好英语很重要。Ithinkitimportant(forus)tolearnEnglishwell.13.lendtosth1）导致2）通向（led，led）lendtosb.doingsth导致某人做某事eg：刻苦努力导致成功，而懒惰导致失败。Hardworkleadstosuccesswhilelazinessleadstofailure.focusv.聚焦n.焦点focus（one’sattention)on...集中（注意力）于eg：你应该关注你的学习而不是你的爱好。Youshouldfoucsonyourstudiesandnotonyourhobbies.Keep...freefrom.../of...使...免受（影响、伤害等）eg：我们应该保护河流免受污染。Weshouldkeeptheriversfreefrompollution.struggleagainst...为反对...而斗争strugglefor....为争取...而斗争strugglewith...和...并肩战斗eg：我们同各种困难作斗争。Wehadtostrugglingallkindsofsuccess.AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。UNIT3uptonow=sofar“到现在为止”。常与现在完成时连用eg：直到现在我还没收到过他的信。ihaven’theardfromhimuptonow.contentadj.满足的，满意的=satisfiedbecontentwithsth对...满意=besatisfiedwith...becontenttodosth.感到满意做某事eg:我对我现在的生活很满意。Iamcontentwithmypresentlife.这条新闻让人惊讶。Thatnewsastonishedeveryone.(v.)Thatnewsisastonishing.(adj.)Everyonewasastonishedatthenews.eg:让我们惊讶的是，他已经结婚了。Tomyastonishment,hehasbeenmarried.failuren.1)失败[不可数];2)失败的人或事[可数]eg:这次会议是个彻头彻尾的大失败。Themeetingwasafailurefromstartofinish.失败乃是成功之母。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.overcomev.克服，战胜(overcame，overcome)eg:我们应该尽力克服所有困难，永不放弃。Weshouldovercomeallthedifficultiesandnevergiveup.badlyoff穷困的，境况不好的worseoff更穷的，境况更坏的welloff富裕的，境况好的betteroff更富的，境况更好的asif/asthough“好像”+方式状语从句（用虚拟语气）现在：did(were)过去：haddone将来：woulddoeg：这些学生那么开心好像明天是暑假一样。Thestudentsaresohappyasifitwouldbesummerholidaytomorrow.他的行为好像有个小孩一样。Hebehavesasifhewereachild.我记得一切事情仿佛这是昨天发生的一样。Iremembereverythingasifithadhappenedonlyyesterday.convincevt.使信服，使相信convincesb.+ofsth...使某人信服...使某人相信....convincesb.+that...说服某人做...convinesb.+todostheg:他试图让我相信他是诚实的。Hetiredtoconvincemeofhishonesty.=Hetriedtoconvincemethathewashonest.他试图说服我和他一起去。Hetriedtoconvincemetogowithhim.starin...主演eg:他主演了许多好电影Hehasstaredinalotofgoodfilms.particularadj.1)特别的2)挑剔的，讲究的beparticularabout...对...挑剔，对...讲究eg:她对食物很讲究。Sheisparticularaboutfood.Inparticular特别地，尤其地=particularlyadv.UNIT4representvt.代表eg:她被选中代表我们班参加运动会。Shewaschosentorepresentourclassatthesportsmeeting.curiousadj.好奇的curiouslyadv.好奇地curiosityn.好奇心becuriousaboutsth.对...感到好奇eg:约翰对人类的起源感到恨好奇。Johniscuriousabouttheoriginofmankind.approashv.接近n.方法eg:一大波僵尸正在逼近。Ahugewaveofzombiesisapproaching.学校决定采取（adopt）另一种方法解决问题。Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtosolvetheproblem.defend...aganist...保卫...免受...eg:我们应该保卫国家免受攻击。Weshoulddefendourcountryagainstattack.Nor/neither+be/助/情态动词+主语表示“也不”（前句为否定句）So+be/助/情态动词+主语表示“也”（前句为肯定句）eg:我不想去，他也不想。Idon’twanttogo,nordoeshe.我想去，他也想。Iwanttogo,sodoeshe.否定副词位于句首，句子要部分倒装。（如neither/nor,never,seldom,hardly,little,not等）eg:Iwillneverforgettheday.→NeverwillIforgettheday.Heseldomgoestothecinema.→Seldomdoeshegotothecinema.7.likelyadj.可能的(sb.)belikelytodosth.=It’slikelythat...很有可能做....eg:我们很有可能赢得这场比赛。Wearelikelytowinthematch.=It’slikelythatwewillwinthematch.Heislikelytobelateforclass.=It’slikelythathewillbelateforclass.Ingeneral大体上，总的来说=generallyspeakingeg:总的来说，他是一个好人。Ingeneral,heisagoodguy.avoidvt.避开，避免avoiddoingstheg:他离开了家乡，避免碰见他的敌人。（enemies）Helefthishometowntoaviodmeetinghisenemies.atease轻松，自在feelatease感觉轻松，自在eg:我和他在一起从不感到自在。Ineverfeelateasewithhim.putsbatease使...轻松，自在eg:当你感到紧张时，你最好听听音乐使自己放松。Whenyoufeelnervous,you’dbetterlistentomusictoputyourselfatease.turnone’sbackto...1)背对...2)背弃...eg:当我需要帮忙的时候，她背弃了我。SheturnedherbacktomewhenIneededhelp.With符合结构做状语With+宾语+doing（正在进行）done（被动）todo（将来）adj.adv.prep.短语①Helayonthegrasswithhiseyeslookingatthesky.②Withhishaircut,helookedmuchyounger.③Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ican’tgoskating.④Hewentoutwithwindowopen.⑤Hewenttobedwiththelighton.⑥Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.⑦Withtimegoingby,shebecamemorebeautiful.⑧Astimewentby,shebecamemorebeautiful.UNIT5variousadj.各种各样的，不同种类的=allkindsofeg:图书馆里有各种各样的书。Therearevariouskindofbooksinthelibrary.他为自己的迟到给出了种种理由。Hegavevariousreasonsforhisbeinglate.varietyn.种类，多样性avarietyof.....各种各样的，不同种类的=varietiesofeg:图书馆有各种各样的书。Thereareavarietyofbooksinthelibrary.=Therearevariousofbooksinthelibrary.befamousfor...因....而著名=bewellknownfor...befamousas...作为....而著名=bewellknownas...befamousto...为...所熟知=bewellknownto...eg:北京因长城而著名。BeijingisfamousfortheGreatWall.中国以北京为首都而著名。BeijingisfamousasthecapitalofChina.中国每个地方都知道北京。BeijingisfamoustoeveryChinese.(sb)befamiliarwith(sth)某人熟悉...(sth)befamiliarto(sb)（某物）为...所熟悉eg:我对东莞很熟悉。IamfamiliarwithDongguan.=Dongguanisfamiliartome.attractionn.1)吸引力;2)有吸引力的事务eg:对于很多人来说，钱很有吸引力Moneyhasgreatattractionformanypeople.长城是中国的一大旅游胜地。TheGreatWallisagreatattractioninChina.attractiveadj.有吸引力的；引人注意的eg:她是一个迷人的女孩。Sheisanattractivegirl.nowonder难怪；不足为奇=it’snowonder(that)eg:他如此努力。怪不得他被重点大学录取了。Heworkedsohard.Nowonderhewasaddimitedtothekeyuniversity.minoradj.少数的，次要的minorityn.少数theminorityof....少数的...majoradj.多数的，主要的majorityn.大多数themajorityof....大多数的eg:我们班大部分学生是男生。Themajorityofstudentsinourclassareboys.少数学生考试不及格。Theminorityofstudentsfailedtheexam.getcloseto...接近，靠近=approacheg:不要靠近那只老虎，要不然你会受伤的。Don’tgetclosetothetiger,oryouwillgethurt.你应该亲近大自然和做多点运动。Youshouldgetclosetonatureandtakemoreexercise.closeadj./adv.近的closelyadv.密切地，仔细地eg:她靠近他站着以便于她能仔细地看。Shestoodclosetohimsothatshecouldwatchclosely.admissionn.1)承认2)允许进入3)入场费admitv.1)承认2)允许进入admitdoingsth承认做某事admitsbtodosth承认某人做某事beadmittedto...被允许进入....，被...录用eg:那个小偷承认偷钱。Thethiefadmittedhavingstolenthemoney.他们承认他疯了Theyadmittedhimtobemad.她被一间有名的大学录取了。Hewasadmittedtofamousuniversity.Notonly....butalso...不仅...而且...NotonlyAbutalsoB+V(看B)=AaswellasB+V(看A)Notonlymanystudentsbutalsoateacherisintheclassroom.=Ateacheraswellasmanyasstudentsintheclassroom.连接两个句子时，notonly谓语句首，句子要部分倒装。eg:他不仅会唱，而且还会跳。Notonlycanhesing,butalsohecandance.他不仅很聪明，而且还很努力。Notonlyisheclever,butalsoheworkshard.动名词做主语主语Usingtherighthandtoshakehandsisaconventioninmanycountries.用右手握手是许多国家的一种习惯。动名词在“Itisnouse/nogood/fun/awasteoftime/agoodpleasure+doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。Itisnogoodwritingtohim;heneveranswersletters.写信给他不妥，他从来不回信息。Itisnousecomplaining;thecompantwon’tdoanythingaboutit.抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的。“Itisuseless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile+doing”Itisuselessspeaking.光说是没有用的。“Thereis(was)no+doing”Thereisnodenyingthatsheisveryefficient.她效率高是不容否认的。动名词作宾语1.有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。习惯上只接动名词的动词：admit(允许),appreciate(欣赏),avoid(避免),consider,delay(推迟),deny(否认，怀疑),enjoy,escape(逃避),prevent，finish,imagine,mind,practise,risk,suggest,keep,forbid,advise,allow,can’thelp,beworth,miss(错过),excuse,feellike,getdownto(着手),mention(提到),imagine,forgive你承认不承认打破了窗户？Willyouadmithavingbrokenthewindow

后接doing的词组：prefer...to,beusedto,leadto,devoteoneselfto,stickto(坚持),lookforwardto,can’thelp,betiredof,befondof,beafraidof,beproudof,thinkof/about,putoff,insiston(坚持),besuccessfulin,begoodat,burstout,prevent..from,giveup，keep（on）我们期待着来到中国。WearelookingforwardtocomingtoChina./beingtakentoChina.可接不定式和动名词作宾语且含义基本相同的动词：like,love,hate,prefer,begin,start,continue,intend.可接不定式和动名词作宾语但含义不同的动词：remember，forget,regret,try,mean,stop,goon.在介词后接动名词作宾语。Wesucceededingettingoverallthedifficulties.我们终于克服了所有的困难。在下列结构中:havedifficutly/trouble/problem/ahardtimefun/agoodtime(+in)+动名词thereisnopoint(in)+动名词，做某事没有意义在这些结构中动名词作介词宾语，in常要省去。Eg：Thereisnopoint(in)makingthesimpleexperimentonceagain.再做一次简单的实验是毫无意义的。在复合宾语中，用it作形式宾语，将动名词短语放在最后。Eg：Iconsideritawasteoftimearguingaboutit.我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的。动名词作宾语动词need,require（需要）,want,deserve（值得）后，用动名词的主动性时表示被动意义，其用法相当于不定时的被动结构。Eg：Thewatch