初中英语连词的用法

初中英语连词的用法初中英语连词的用法初中英语连词的用法资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月初中英语连词的用法版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：初中英语语法总结（九）——连词连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。第一类表示并列关系的连词1)and和判断改错：(错)Theysatdownandtalkaboutsomething.(错)Theystartedtodanceandsang.(错)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperthere.(对)Theysatdownandtalkedaboutsomething.(对)Theystartedtodanceandsing.(对)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperingthere.解析：第一句：and连接两个并列的谓语，所以talk应改为talked。第二句：and连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang应改为sing。第三句：and连接感观动词saw后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。注意：1.and还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）Makeupyourmind,andyou'llgetthechance.=Ifyoumakeupyourmind,you'llgetthechance.Onemoreeffort,andyou'llsucceed.=Ifyoumakeonemoreeffort,you'llsucceed2,AandB当表示整体或者指同一人时谓语动词用单数,当and连接的单数名词前分别有each，every，many等词修饰时，谓语也用单数。breadandbutteraknifeandforkThemotherandteacherisverystrictwithherson.Noteacherandnostudentisallowedtosmokeinclass.3.and连接的是两个相同意思的词，表示“渐渐”，或加强语气Readitagainandagain2)both…and两者都Sheplays(both)thepianoandtheguitar.3)neither…nor意思为"既不……也不……"谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neitheryounorheistoblame.4)notonly…but(also)不但······而且······Sheplaysnotonlythepiano,but(also)theguitar.注意：notonly…butalso关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not而必须倒装。Notonlydoeshelikereadingstories,butalsohecanevenwritesome.5)aswellas以及，也，与···同样Theteacher,aswellasthestudents,isinterestedintheactivity.比较and和or1)并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2)但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon.Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon.在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。典型例题---Idon'tlikechicken___fish.---Idon'tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.A.and；andB.and；butC.or；butD.or；and答案C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。判断改错：(错)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater.(错)Wecan'tlivewithoutairorwater.(对)Wewilldiewithoutairorwater.(对)Wecan'tlivewithoutairandwater.第二类表示选择关系的连词1)or意思为"或则"。Whichdoyouprefer,tea,coffee,orjuice

2)either…or意思为"或者……或者……"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。EitheryouorIamright.3)orelse/otherwise否则Besilent,orelseyouwillbekickedout.Iamtired,otherwise,Iwouldplay.第三类表示转折或对比关系的连词but但是Heisrichbutunhappy.while然而，表示对比意味Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.yet然而Shesaidshewouldbelate,yetshearrivedontime.however然而，可是，不过Shedoesnotlikehim,however,Ilikehim.2)not…but…意思为"不是……而是……"not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.典型例题---Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?---I'dliketo,___I'mtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。第四类表因果关系的连词for因为，做并列连词使用时，是在对先行的句子补述原因或者理由，只可以连接句子与句子，通常不置于句首。Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.2)so,therefore因此Hehurthisleg,sohecouldn'tplayinthegame.Ithink,thereforeIam3）then那么，因而Hidebehindthewall,thentheywon’tseeyou.注意：a.两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore,then,yet.可以和并列连词连用。YoucanwatchTV,andoryoucangotobed.Hehurthisleg,andso/andthereforehecouldn'tplayinthegame.b.although…yet…，但although不与but连用。(错)Althoughhewasweak,buthetriedhisbesttodothework..(对)Althoughhewasweak,yethetriedhisbesttodothework.从属连词从属连词不同与并列连词，只能用来引导从句，而不能引导词或者词组。从属连词一般可以引导名词性从句和状语从句。第一类引导名词性从句的从属连词that引导宾语从句或间接引语时，可省略。引导主语从句时不可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewouldcome.宾语从句Hismothertoldme(that)heisagoodboy.间接引语Thatsheisstillaliveistrue.主语从句if/whether是否Iwonderifheisathome.Iaskhimwhetherhewouldcome.注意：只可以用whether的情况介词后面Itwilldependonwhetheritrainstomorrow.whether···ornot固定搭配Letmeknowwhetheryoucomeornot.动词不定式前Idon’tknowwhethertoaccepthisadvice.第二类引导状语从句的从属连词连接时间状语从句的从属连词before在···之前ThewarhadbeenoverbeforehecametoChina.after在···之后HecametoChinaafterthewarwasover.since自从IhavelivedinthiscitysinceIwasborn.when/while当···Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,whenallthestudentswereplayingWhenIcameintothisroom,Ifoundhimlyingbedasleep（while后接的动词是延续性的动词）as当···IsawherasIwasgettingonthebus.till/until直到Ididn’tgotosleepuntil/tillIfinishedmyhomework.assoonas一···就···Assoonashesawthepoliceman,thethiefrunaway.连接地点状语从句的从属连词where在哪里TherewerelotsofparkswhereIlived.连接原因状语从句的从属连词because原因,用于解释某事的原因，动机，强调直接原因和因果关系IdoitbecauseIlikeit.for表因为，表间接的原因，用于说明，解释Isoonwenttosleep,forIwastiredsince表原因，比because弱，比as强，表一种已知的，显然的理由，常译为“既然as表原因时，意义最弱Asyouareinpoorhealth,youshoulddomoreexercises连接结果状语从句的从属连词so···that···如此···以至于···Heissokindthateverybodylikeshim.such···that···Heissuchakindmanthateverybodylikeshim连接目的状语从句的从属连词that/sothat/inorderthat为了Speakclearlythat/sothat/inorderthattheymayunderstandyou.6)连接条件状语从句的从属连词if如果Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgoonapicnic.unless除非(如果不)Hewillcomeunlessitrains.incase万