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Summary
writing
概要写作Summarywriting
概要写作Whatissummary?Asummaryisashortstatementthatgivesonlythemainpointsofsth,notthedetails.
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
摘要,是一种对原始文献或文章的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文.
Whatissummary?Asummaryisa《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》概要写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。（满分25分）词数少于40的和多余80的，从总分中减去2分3《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》概要写作：词数StepstohelpourwritingStep1:ReadStep2:Underlinekeywords/MakeanoutlineStep3:RewritethesentencesinotherwaysStep4:MakethesummarycoherentStep5:ChecktomakethesummarybetterStepstohelpourwritingStepReadandwrite
Readandwrite
Whatcanmakestudentsfeelanxious?WhatcanmakestudentsfeelanLanguageAnxietyLanguageAnxietyReading1.What'sthetypeofthepassage?A.Narrative(记叙文)
B.Exposition(说明文)C.Argumentation(议论文)2.What'sthestructureofthepassage?
A.Topic—differentopinions—conclusionB.Introduction—detailedinformationC.Phenomenon(现象)—analysis（分析）—suggestionsPara1—Para4—Para2-3Reading1.What'sthetypeoftWhenastudentcutsclass,failstoprepareforclassordohomework,orisunabletoanswerevensimplequestionsaboutthetopicbeingstudiedinclass,itisclearthatthestudentisnotlearningwell,andteachersmaywonderwhy.Oneofthecausesmightbelanguageanxiety.Languageanxietyisafearoccurringwhenalearnerisexpectedtoperformintheforeignlanguage.Thatis,whenastudentisaskedtoperforminthetargetlanguageinclass,heislikelytobecomenervousandfailtodoit.
Para.1:Findthekeywordsinthispart.SupportingdetailsoflanguageanxietyWhenastudentcutsclass,Para.1:Howtorewrite/paraphrase
…studentisnotlearningwell....oneofthecausesmightbelanguageanxiety…intheforeignlanguage…Expressionsforreasons:换词：________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________unsatisfyingperformance/benotgoodat
notlearningwell-bad/poorperformance
/performbadly/poorlybecause...,becauseof,accountfor,asaresultof,onaccountof,dueto,owingto,contributeto,leadtoStudentsmayexperiencelanguageanxietyleadingtotheirunsatisfyingbehaviorsinclass.Para.1:Howtorewrite/paraphrThegoodnewsisthatsofarsomeresearchhassuggestedlanguageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused,getgoodgradesandbuilduphighself-confidence.Despitethesebenefits,mostresearchhasalsoshownanegativerelationshipbetweenlanguageanxietyandperformance.Thenegativekindofanxietyharmslearners'performanceinmanyways.Astimegoesby,theywilldoubtthemselves,refusetojoinindiscussionsandtrytoavoidusingthelanguage.Para.2:Findthekeywordsinthispart.SupportingdetailsofdisadvantageThegoodnewsisthatsofarsThegoodnewsisthatsofarsomeresearchhassuggestedlanguageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused,getgoodgradesandbuilduphighself-confidence.Despitethesebenefits,mostresearchhasalsoshownanegativerelationshipbetweenlanguageanxietyandperformance.Para.2Howtorewrite/paraphraseKeyinformation:Thegoodnews…Languageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused…Despite…alsoshownanegativerelationship…
ThegoodnewsisthatsofarsThegoodnewsisthatsofarsomeresearchhassuggestedlanguageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused,getgoodgradesandbuilduphighself-confidence.Despitethesebenefits,mostresearchhasalsoshownanegativerelationshipbetweenlanguageanxietyandperformance.Para.2Howtorewrite/paraphrase句式转化:Languageanxietynotonlybringsbenefitsbutalsonegativeinfluence.
Or:Besidessomebenefits,thenegativesideplaysanimportantpartaswell.
ThegoodnewsisthatsofarsPara.3FindthekeywordsTeachersandresearchersmightsometimesbeabletojudgelanguageanxietythroughmeasuringscales.Thereareanumberofscales,thebestknownofwhichiscalledtheForeignLanguageClassroomAnxietyScaleorFLCAS.TheFLCASwasdevelopedtomeasurethespecificanxietyreactionofastudenttoforeignlanguagesituation.However,thisisnotrecommendedbecauseresearchersconsiderthatlanguageanxietyisobservableinclass.Signalwords换词：observable—canbeobserved/noticed/seen/found...______consider—think/believe/holdthebeliefthat…/inone'sopinion…__________________________
Para.3FindthekeywordsTeac句型转化：
Thisisnotrecommended—Teachersareadvisednotto...TeachersareadvisednottouseFLCAStomeasurestudents'languageanxietyinsteadofobservingitinclass.Teachersshould/aresupposedtoobservestudents'languageanxietyinclassinsteadofusingFLCAS.Teachersandresearcherscanjudgelanguageanxietyfrommeasuringscales,butresearchersmaintainitcanbenoticedinclass.
句型转化：Para.4FindthekeywordsTohelpstudentstodealmoreeffectivelywithlanguageanxiety,teachersareadvisedtoallowstudentstoperformdifferentlyaccordingtotheirownabilities.Moreimportantly,teachersoughttoprovidevariousopportunitiesforclassroomsuccessinthelanguage.Inthisway,studentscanbefreedfromthepainofseverelanguageanxiety.Graduallytheywillbecomemoreandmoreconfidentoftheirlanguageabilitiesandeventuallyexperiencewhatitmeanstosucceedinthelanguageclassroom.SupportingdetailsofresultPara.4FindthekeywordsTohHowtoparaphrase表目的：inorderto.../todo.../soasto...转换句型：Teachersareadvisedto...Teachersareexpectedto...Itisadvisedthatteachers...Teachersshouldencouragestudentsto...Thus,variouschances/opportunitiesshouldbegivento...Howtoparaphrase表目的：Improvement
Improvement
1.Commontransitionalwords1.CommontransitionalwordsConclusion
Conclusion
Organizethesentencestoformasummary1.Linkingwords(coherent连贯)2.Yourownwords(paraphrase改写)3.Nounnecessarywords(concise简洁)4.Nogrammaticalmistakes(correct正确)OrganizethesentencestoformHomeworkWritethesummaryofthistext.HomeworkWritethesummaryoftWhenusingaforeignlanguage,studentsmayexperiencelanguageanxietythatleadingtotheirunsatisfyingbehaviorsinclass.（要点1）ResearchshowsthatItdoesharmtolearnersinmanyaspectsinspiteofitsbenefits.（要点2）Actually,languageanxietycanbenoticedwithouttheuseofFLCAS.（要点3）Therefore,teachersshouldwelcomedifferentperformanceandattachmoreimportancetoofferingchancesforstudentstofeelsuccess.（要点4）WhenusingaforeignlanguThankyou.Thankyou.Summary
writing
概要写作Summarywriting
概要写作Whatissummary?Asummaryisashortstatementthatgivesonlythemainpointsofsth,notthedetails.
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
摘要,是一种对原始文献或文章的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文.
Whatissummary?Asummaryisa《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》概要写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。（满分25分）词数少于40的和多余80的，从总分中减去2分27《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》概要写作：词数StepstohelpourwritingStep1:ReadStep2:Underlinekeywords/MakeanoutlineStep3:RewritethesentencesinotherwaysStep4:MakethesummarycoherentStep5:ChecktomakethesummarybetterStepstohelpourwritingStepReadandwrite
Readandwrite
Whatcanmakestudentsfeelanxious?WhatcanmakestudentsfeelanLanguageAnxietyLanguageAnxietyReading1.What'sthetypeofthepassage?A.Narrative(记叙文)
B.Exposition(说明文)C.Argumentation(议论文)2.What'sthestructureofthepassage?
A.Topic—differentopinions—conclusionB.Introduction—detailedinformationC.Phenomenon(现象)—analysis（分析）—suggestionsPara1—Para4—Para2-3Reading1.What'sthetypeoftWhenastudentcutsclass,failstoprepareforclassordohomework,orisunabletoanswerevensimplequestionsaboutthetopicbeingstudiedinclass,itisclearthatthestudentisnotlearningwell,andteachersmaywonderwhy.Oneofthecausesmightbelanguageanxiety.Languageanxietyisafearoccurringwhenalearnerisexpectedtoperformintheforeignlanguage.Thatis,whenastudentisaskedtoperforminthetargetlanguageinclass,heislikelytobecomenervousandfailtodoit.
Para.1:Findthekeywordsinthispart.SupportingdetailsoflanguageanxietyWhenastudentcutsclass,Para.1:Howtorewrite/paraphrase
…studentisnotlearningwell....oneofthecausesmightbelanguageanxiety…intheforeignlanguage…Expressionsforreasons:换词：________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________unsatisfyingperformance/benotgoodat
notlearningwell-bad/poorperformance
/performbadly/poorlybecause...,becauseof,accountfor,asaresultof,onaccountof,dueto,owingto,contributeto,leadtoStudentsmayexperiencelanguageanxietyleadingtotheirunsatisfyingbehaviorsinclass.Para.1:Howtorewrite/paraphrThegoodnewsisthatsofarsomeresearchhassuggestedlanguageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused,getgoodgradesandbuilduphighself-confidence.Despitethesebenefits,mostresearchhasalsoshownanegativerelationshipbetweenlanguageanxietyandperformance.Thenegativekindofanxietyharmslearners'performanceinmanyways.Astimegoesby,theywilldoubtthemselves,refusetojoinindiscussionsandtrytoavoidusingthelanguage.Para.2:Findthekeywordsinthispart.SupportingdetailsofdisadvantageThegoodnewsisthatsofarsThegoodnewsisthatsofarsomeresearchhassuggestedlanguageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused,getgoodgradesandbuilduphighself-confidence.Despitethesebenefits,mostresearchhasalsoshownanegativerelationshipbetweenlanguageanxietyandperformance.Para.2Howtorewrite/paraphraseKeyinformation:Thegoodnews…Languageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused…Despite…alsoshownanegativerelationship…
ThegoodnewsisthatsofarsThegoodnewsisthatsofarsomeresearchhassuggestedlanguageanxietycanmakestudentsfocused,getgoodgradesandbuilduphighself-confidence.Despitethesebenefits,mostresearchhasalsoshownanegativerelationshipbetweenlanguageanxietyandperformance.Para.2Howtorewrite/paraphrase句式转化:Languageanxietynotonlybringsbenefitsbutalsonegativeinfluence.
Or:Besidessomebenefits,thenegativesideplaysanimportantpartaswell.
ThegoodnewsisthatsofarsPara.3FindthekeywordsTeachersandresearchersmightsometimesbeabletojudgelanguageanxietythroughmeasuringscales.Thereareanumberofscales,thebestknownofwhichiscalledtheForeignLanguageClassroomAnxietyScaleorFLCAS.TheFLCASwasdevelopedtomeasurethespecificanxietyreactionofastudenttoforeignlanguagesituation.However,thisisnotrecommendedbecauseresearchersconsiderthatlanguageanxietyisobservableinclass.Signalwords换词：observable—canbeobserved/noticed/seen/found...______consider—think/believe/holdthebeliefthat…/inone'sopinion…__________________________
Para.3FindthekeywordsTeac句型转化：
Thisisnotrecommended—Teachersareadvisednotto...TeachersareadvisednottouseFLCAStomeasurestudents'languageanxietyinsteadofobservingitinclass.Teachersshould/aresupposedtoobservestudents'languageanxietyinclassinsteadofusingFLCAS.Teachersandresearcherscanjudgelanguageanxietyfrommeasuringscales,butresearchersmaintainitcanbenoticedinclass.
句型转化：Para.4FindthekeywordsTohelpstudentstodealmoreeffectivelywithlanguageanxiety,teachersareadvisedtoallowstudentstoperformdifferentlyaccordingtotheirownabilities.Moreimportantly,teachersoughttoprovidevariousopportunitiesforclassroomsuccessinthelanguage.Inthisway,studentscanbefreedfromthepainofseverelanguageanxiety.Graduallythey
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