英语高考真题卷-全国2（含答案解析）

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试•全国II卷英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?Itwastough.Itwasinteresting.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。WhenwillJudygotoaparty?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.WhatwillMaxdonext?A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?Goingtoaconcert.Watchingamovie.Playingacomputergame.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.VisitMike.B.Goboating.C.Takeawalk.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?Toeattheminasafeplace.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.Tomaketheirownershappy.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。WhoisMacy?A.Ed'smother.B.Ed'steacher.C・Ed'sfriend.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?A.Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?A.He'sclever.B.He*squiet.C.He'sbrave.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?Toworkforadanceschool.Toperformatadancetheater.Tolearncontemporarydance.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?Shewastoooldtodance.Shefailedtogetascholarship.Shelostinterestinit.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?A.She'spleased.B.She'sregretful.C.She'supset.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywou1dliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild'schoices.“ MembeActivi Description 成CoststaffOutdTakeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzonefora Mr.£14

oorweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andCleme0Advelearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartnsnturinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildecampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingand(OUTworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoor)environment.WWIOnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingBattovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tolefinorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIMrs.Wilso£42

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)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations...Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreat1ey-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford*sChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT. B.WBP.C.CRF. D.POT.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?TraveltoLondon.Seeaparadeandfireworks.TourcentralParis.VisittheWWIbattlefields.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?A.Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.BManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature,sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质)，ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质)・TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃)，theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat"icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesofslicedfruit.Outcomesa”soft-serve"creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildrensparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?Theycontainprotein.TheyarehighinvitaminA.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?Tomakethemsmellbetter.Tokeeptheircolour.Tospeeduptheirripening.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Whatis"ajuicer'inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert. B.Adrink.C.Acontainer. D.Amachine.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Atravelbrochure.CTeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport*skeyfindings,“theproportion（比例）whosaythey*hardlyever*readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2-8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建议）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstill1imitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Children'sreadinghabits.Qualityofchildren,sbooks.Children'safter-classactivities.Parent-childrelationships.29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports''childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?A.Inparagraph2. B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4. D.Inparagraph5.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildren,shealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWe'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn,tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（润滑剂）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."'Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,“heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（S.动）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,*saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmal1talk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,*hesays.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Addictiontosmartphones.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.Impatiencewithslowservice.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?Showinggoodmanners.Relatingtootherpeople.Focusingonatopic.Makingbusinessdeals.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.Itraisespeople*sconfidence.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?ConversationCountsWaysofMakingSmallTalkBenefitsofSmallTalkUncomfortableSilence第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.•Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He'dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI'd41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak(皮划艇)wasin47.“Something'snot 48!”ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors,Ihelped51theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53."What'shisname?”Iaskedtheinstructor."Ben,"hereplied, and immediately I 54 .That strangerwasmyson!Theinstructorscalledfor an ambulance. 55 , aftera briefstayinhospital, Ben waswellenoughtobeallowedto 56andlater the familymet upfordinner.Wechatted abouteverythingandthenBen57 to me."Ijustwant to saythankyou,“hesaid."You 58 mylife!"Istillcan,tbelievewhata59itwas.I'mjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson.A. alsoB. often C. even D. lastA. delightB. relief C. anger D. worryA. scaredB. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamedA. talkB. stay C. meet D. settleA. bathedB. clean C. deep D. formedA. fasterB. closer C. heavier D. wiserA. troubleB. advance C. question D. battleA. realB. right C. fair D. fitA. staredB. sank C. dived D. fellA. arguingB. fighting C. shouting D. shakingA. leadB. persuade C. carry D. keepA. happenedB.occurred C. applied D. appealedA. sharpB. pleasant C. attractiveD. familiarA. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knewA. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. SuddenlyA. return B. relax C. speak D. leaveA. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointedA. createdB. honored C. saved D. guidedA. coincidence B. change C. pity D. painA. onboard B. intime C. forsure D. onpurpose第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn,srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化月巴)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry*smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernment68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission（升F放）of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China,sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70（feed）itscitizens〃offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。WhenIwaslittle,Friday'snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnottoletme.Theywou1dsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn'trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.第二节书面表达（满分25分）你受学生会委托为校宣传栏"英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片GrowingTogether,内容包括：.短片内容:学校的发展；.放映时间、地点；.欢迎对短片提出意见。注意：.词数100左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案速查：第一部分听力1—5CABAC 6—10BBACC11—15ABABC16—20ABCCA第二部分阅读理解21—25ADACB26—30DBABC31—35ACBDC36—40GEFBA第三部分语言知识运用41—45DACCA46—50BABCD51—55CBDDA56—60DBCABhasgrown62.the63.actually64.toimprovethan66.pollution67.global68.startedthat/which70.feeding第二部分阅读理解第一节A体裁：应用文题材:广告主题：暑期活动【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,是一则有关暑期活动的广告,该广告主要向学生们推荐了四个不同风格的活动。【熟词生义】 canoe常见义:〃.独木舟本句义：匕戈U(乘)独木舟【难句分析】 ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句谓语动词sees后接省略to的不定式作宾补。Paris是先行词，后接where引导的定语从句,在该从句中staying...fireworks是现在分词短语作伴随状语，toseetheparadeandthefireworks是不定式作目的状语。译文:星期四我们去巴黎短途旅行,在那里我们将参观巴黎迪士尼乐园,一直待到很晚去观看游行和烟花。A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 题干中的gocamping是关键词，与OutdoorAdventure(OUT)活动栏目中的"wiIdcamping"呼应。D【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据题干中的Mrs.Wilson可定位到WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)这一栏，然后根据“AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields”可知,这里的Day2就是题干中的Tuesday,由此可知应该选D项。【干扰项分析】A项是周一(Monday)的旅游内容,B项是周四的旅游内容,C项是周五的旅游内容。A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】通读PottyaboutPotter(POT)一栏的内容可知，参观完WarnerBrosStudio之后在Streat1ey-on-Thames过夜，第二天在Oxford,sChristchurch外野餐，据此可知该活动历时两天。B体裁：说明文题材:健康饮食主题:浆果和核果【文章大意】 人们爱七月，因为七月是收获的季节,各种浆果和核果喜获丰收。那么如何加工食用这些果实呢?这些果实各自又含有哪些营养成分呢？【段意梳理】第一段:引入话题,人们爱七月是因为它是浆果和核果收获的季节。第二段:介绍几种浆果和核果所含的营养成分。第三段:介绍如何做水果奶昔和冰淇淋。第四段:介绍如何使用榨汁机。C【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据第二段的倒数第二句可知应该选C项,樱桃很美味。haveapleasanttaste与besodelicious表义相同。【干扰项分析】A项是raspberries的特征;B项是对yellowandorangestonefruits的特征的曲解;D项是blueberries的特征。B【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据第三段倒数第二句"Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown"可知，把新鲜的柠檬汁挤到香蕉上会防止它变色。【干扰项分析】其他选项是主观臆断，与本文所述内容不符。D【命题意图】 考查词义猜测。【答案分析】 根据画线部分下文中的"othetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow”可推断出，juicer应该是"榨汁机"的意思。【干扰项分析】考生很容易误选B项,误认为画线部分是一种饮料,其实本段最后一句中的"themachine"应该是猜测的关键,定冠词the表示上文提到过的事物,这样就可以直接推出画线部分指代的是什么。B【命题意图】 考查文章出处。【答案分析】全文主要介绍了一些七月成熟的果实以及这些果实的营养成分等,而这自然与健康饮食有关,介绍这类内容的文章应该是刊载在健康杂志上的。【干扰项分析】考生很容易误选C项，这是受到了第二段对营养成分的介绍的干扰,因此误认为本文摘自研究性论文。C体裁：议论文题材:学习策略主题:儿童阅读【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了CommonSenseMedia（常识媒体）的一个研究报告。报告内容是有关儿童阅读习惯的。该报告表明家长的示范引领对于儿童阅读习惯的培养作用非凡。【段意梳理】第一段:开篇点题,交代了常识媒体的报告内容。第二段:报告数据显示家长可以鼓励儿童多阅读。第三段:用数据表明儿童阅读乐趣减少。第四段:快乐阅读水平多半相同，但是阅读时间有所下降。第五段:家长对电子阅读的限制。第六段:父母的示范与引领作用。第七段:家长在暑期应该怎样做。【熟词生义】steep常用义:险峻的，陡峭的本句义:急剧的，大起大落的【难句分析】Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren,slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.分析:这是一个主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句,主句的主语是somedata,其后接介词短语作定语,主句的谓语部分是由and连接的两个并列谓语,其中shows后接that引导的宾语从句，indicates后接how引导的宾语从句。译文:虽然过去十年的下降对青少年读者来说是很急剧的，但报告中的一些数据表明阅读仍然是许多孩子生活中的一个重要部分,并表明父母可以如何帮助鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。A【命题意图】考查主旨大意。【答案分析】 全文贯穿的一个重要线索词是report,这个report就是CommonSenseMedia发布的，因此从文章的第一段便可得出答案，常识媒体的报告内容是有关儿童阅读习惯方面的。【干扰项分析】B项意为"儿童书籍的质量”,C项意为"儿童课后活动”,D项意为"家长和儿童的关系〃,这几项文中均没有提及。B【命题意图】考查推理判断。【答案分析】文章第一段提出"儿童更少地为了乐趣而阅读”,文章第三段利用了一些数据来支持这一论点。由此可推知应该选B项。C【命题意图】考查推理判断。【答案分析】根据文章第五段最后一句中的"mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime”可以推出，家长限制孩子电子阅读的原因是担心孩子屏幕时间增加，使用电子产品的时间增加自然会对健康造成危害。由此可知应该选C项。【干扰项分析】如果没有抓住题干的关键词limitelectronicreading则会误选其他选项，其他选项均为主观臆断。A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据第六段第一句"Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading”可知家长应该起模范带头作用，鼓励孩子多阅读。故选A项。D体裁：说明文题材:人际交往主题:闲聊的作用【文章大意】研究表明，闲聊对于人际交往起着重要的作用。【段意梳理】第一段:用实例引出人们在公共场所不交流的现象。第二段:通过设问分析问题的原因。第三段：闲聊的重要性。第四段：介绍ElizabethDunn的咖啡店实验。第五段:用Dunn和Carducci的观点总结全文。【难句分析】 We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.分析:这是一个主从复合句。冒号后面的内容用来解释there的具体内容;surroundedbypeople是过去分词短语作状语;people后接who引导的定语从句，从句中likeus作插入语，从句包含or连接的两个并列结构。译文:我们都曾处于这样的场合一一在电梯里,在银行（排队的）队列里或在飞机上,我们周围的人，像我们一样,认真地关注着他们的智能手机,或者更糟的是,他们在与令人不安的沉寂作斗争。C【命题意图】考查细节理解。【答案分析】文章第一段描述了在公共场所人们之间不互相交流的现象,本段中的"uncomfortablesilence”与选项C中的"Absenceofcommunication”相呼应。【干扰项分析】A、B两项是对原文的曲解,文章提到smartphones和一些公共场所中人们的行为只是为了说明人们不互相交流。B【命题意图】 考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据第三段中的"Thekeytosuccessfulsmal1talkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem”可知,Carducci认为成功的闲聊的关键在于学会与其他人沟通。D【命题意图】 考查细节理解。【答案分析】 根据倒数第二段第三句"Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。【干扰项分析】题干中的coffee-shopstudy是关键词,如果定位错误则会脱离文章,从而主观臆断,误选B项和C项。C【命题意图】 考查标题判断。【答案分析】 通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用。故C项作本文标题最佳。【干扰项分析】B项干扰性很强,但是B项是片面的,文章的主旨并不是介绍如何进行闲聊。第一节体裁:说明文题材:锻炼健身主题:晨练给人们带来的好处【文章大意】 本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。【高频词回顾】additionaladj.附加的，额外的，另外的productivity〃.生产率，生产效率energize匕给(某人)增添能量(或精力、活力、干劲)G空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处,所以G"如果你计划定期锻炼,或者你现在正在锻炼,那就注意听”符合语境。E根据空处前两句(你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒,并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切)可知，此空应选E”运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4—10个小时”。moreawake与E项中的clear照应。F由此空后的"getting...thewholeday”与F项中的"burncaloriesthroughouttheday”一致可知,答案为F"在你运动之后,你一整天都在消耗卡路里”。B此空是本段的中心句,根据本段内容可知,本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处,所以选B"你的睡眠质量提高了"。空后一句中的"sleptbetter”是关键信息。A根据本段中的"healthyfood"和"junkfood”与选项A中的diet有关可知，此空应选A"你会坚持你的饮食(习惯)：第三部分语言知识运用第一节体裁:记叙文题材:父子亲情主题:水中救人【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲碰巧营救了自己的儿子的故事。【高频词回顾】instructor〃.教练；导师violentlyadr.强烈地;激烈地unconsciousadj.失去知觉的；昏迷的;不省人事的ambulance〃.救护车D自从作者"上次"(last)见到他的儿子已经过去13年了。A父子多年没联系，也没见面。得知儿子要来看望他，作者自然是"高兴”(delight)极了。C根据语境可知，多年没有见面的儿子要来看望自己，作者自然是感到"激动的"(thrilled)。C作者迫不及待地想见到自己的儿子,所以他早早地到达与儿子"会面"(meet)的地方。A海湾"沐浴"(bathed)在阳光下。B根据常识，"更靠近"(closer)点才能发现皮划艇出了问题。A从下文作者救人的描述可知，走近一点，作者发现一只皮划艇遇到了"麻烦"(trouble).B根据下文的描述可知选B。本句跟前一句说的是一回事.Something'snotright意为”某事不对劲”。C从下文内容可知，作者要去水中救人，自然要"跳入"(dived)水中。D他在水中猛烈地摇摆(shaking),以求别人把他拉上去。C这时，作者帮忙把那个年轻人从水里"抬"(carry)了出来。B他昏迷了，当作者看着他的脸时，突然想到了一些事情。somethingoccurstosb.是固定搭配，意为”某人突然想起某事”。D从下文可知，作者救出来的是自己的儿子,父亲对自己的儿子的一些情况应该是"熟悉的"(familiar)。54.D当教练说出这个年轻人的名字时，作者马上就"知道”(knew)了一切，原来那个被救的年轻人就是他的儿子。A康复得很快,当然是一件幸运的事,故此处表示"幸运地"(Fortunately)。D经过短暂的住院治疗后,Ben己经可以"离开"(leave)医院了。BBen转过(turned)头来对作者说感谢的话。C从上文的描述可知，作者"救"(saved)了Ben的命。A作者下水救人,救出来的竟然是自己的儿子,真是"巧合"(coincidence)。B作者真的很高兴能"及时"(intime)帮助自己的儿子。第二节体裁:说明文题材:农业发展主题:调整农业结构【文章大意】本文是说明文，文章介绍了中国近年来根据人们膳食的变化调整农作物种植结构。【高频词回顾】accountfor说明(原因、理由等)；导致,引起；(在数量、比例上)占；对……负责；specificadj.明确的；特有的，具体的recommendationn.推荐；推荐信；建议carbondioxide二氧化碳hasgrown考查时态。由句中的时间状语Since2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。the考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。overthepast25years表示"在过去的25年里”。actually考查副词。这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。toimprove考查非谓语动词。不定式toimprovewaterquality作目的状语。than考查介词。由空前的less可知,此处应用介词than,表示"比”。pollution考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。global考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。started考查时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句,asoil-testingprogram是先行词，指