牛津版英语八年级上册Unit7知识点讲解与练习(无答案)

22牛津版英语八年级上册Unit7Memory只言片语记忆力_角丧失改进_提到方法__拼写大脑_可笑的_英里__字母值得_拼写除非__困难清单_步骤循环__类似的__纸币_钱包篮；筐经理提取涌出说文解字Agreatwaytohelpyouremembersomethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.不定式tohelpyouremembersth作way的后置定语，修饰agreatwaye.g.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthequestion?Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?MywishtovisitFrancehascometrueatlast.(2)helpsbwithsth在某方面帮助某人helponeself(to)请自便withthehelpof在方面帮助某人Can'thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事e.g.Jimoftenhelpsmewithmaths.(3)imagine想象+名词、动名词、从句e.g.Wecan'timaginelifewithoutanyhardships.运用:(1)我有很多工作要做---DoyouknowNeilArmstrong?---Yes.Heisthefirstmanonthemoon.A.walkB.walksC.towalkD.walkedIt'shardtoimagineworkinginaplacelikethat.(英译汉)2.Ifyoumakethepicturebig,strangeorsilly,youwillrememberitbetter.(1)if引导的条件状语从句，条件状语从句中的动词多用一般现在时，主句中的动词多用一般将来时，即主将从现原则Ishallgoifsheasksme.(2)make+sth+adj形容词作宾语补足语makesbdosth.让某人做某事(3)remembertodosth记得去做某事rememberdoingsth记得做过某事Thismakesitthelongestwordintheworld.当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it,而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：Ifinditdifficulttodothejobwell.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.Wethinkitnousecomplaining.Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.4・Remember:apictureisworthathousandwords.记住：一副图画，值1000个单词。beworth+Ving值得的e.g.Thishouseisworthalotofmoney.Thefilmisworthseeing.这个茶杯值30元Agoodmethodforrememberingthespellingofawordistomakeashortsentencewitheachotheroftheword.（1）amethodfor+Ving一个做的方法（2）不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组时，或以what引导的名词性分句，不定式说明主语的内容。Forexample,toremembertheword”smiles”,wecanimaginethereisa“mile”betweenthefirstletterandthelastletter.（1）between...and...两者之间。（2）to=inorderto表目的“为了”Forexample,ifyouwanttorememberhowtospelltheword"because",.・・・・・疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，句中作主语、宾语、表语等。WhentoleaveforLondonhasnotbeendecidedyet.（不定式在句子中做主语）Mr.Smithdidn'tknowwhethertoleaveorstaythere.（不定式在句子中做宾语）IaskedProfessorXuhowtolearnEnglishwell.（不定式在句子中做直接宾语）Thequestionwaswheretogetthemedicineneeded.（不定式在句子中表语）Youwillforgetsomethingveryquicklyunlessyouunderstanditwell.如果你没有理解的话，你很快就会忘记它。（1）Unless=if...not引导条件状语从句“如果不；除非”，也要遵循“主将从现”原则e.g.Unlesshestudiedhard,hewillneverpasstheexams.除非我叫你，你不要离开这栋房子（2）forgettodosth忘记去做某事forgetdoingsth忘记做了某事e.g.Sorry,Iforgottobringthebook.（对不起，我忘了带书了。）Iforgotborrowingabookfromyou.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事）（3）Forgetquicklyunderstandwell副词修饰动词9・It'seasiertorememberthesestepsifyouunderstandhowthewatercycleworks.动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语，而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后。如：It'snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.（=Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.）学好一门外语不容易。在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。如：It'sdifficultforustofinishthework.对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。It'shardformetoansweryourquestion.要我回答你的问题很难。但是，如果表语是kind,nice,right,wrong,clever,polite等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个of引起的短语。如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你能帮我，真好。语法：if/unless引导的条件状语从句If引导的条件状语句♦♦引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if。if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种（非真实条件句会在以后的虚拟语气中阐述），其引导的真实条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。1）如果if条件句讲述自然规律，肯定会发生的事情或客观事实，主句和if从句都用一般现在时态。（主现从现）Eg:Ifyoutakeafishoutofwater,itdies.如果把鱼从水中拿出，它会死。2）在if引导的条件状语从句中，谈论将来可能出现的情况时，主句一般将来时态、祈使句+if从句（一般现在时态）情态动词（主现从现）Ifyouputapieceofpaperintowater,itgetswet.如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。（主将从现）I'llbuyacarifIhaveenoughmoney.如果我有足够的钱，我会买一辆车。（主祈从现）Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。Putupyourhandifyouhaveanyquestionstoask.如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。（主情从现）IfIgetthereearly,Icanseethedoctorquickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。【注意】此处if引导的从句，还可由when，assoonas（—…就…），（not）...until（直到…才），unless（除非）来引导。Eg:Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelightarered.当红灯亮时，交通必须停止。Iwillgohomeassoonasitstopsraining.雨一停我就回家。Pleasedon'tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriendcomesback.请不要离开直到你朋友回来。Unless引导的条件状语从句♦unless引导的条件状语从句：unless=f...not“除非，如果不”Let'sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.=Ifyouarenottootied,let'sgooutforawalk.我们出去散步吧，除非你太累Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.=Ifyoudon'tstartearlier,youwillfailtoarrivethereintime.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.=Ifitdoesn'train,thegamewillbeplayed.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。Mybabysisternevercriesunlesssheishungry.=Mybabysisternevercriesifsheisn'thungry.我的妹妹不会乱哭，除非她饿了。♦位置：由if引导的条件状语从句，可放在主句前面或后面。Eg:Ifwegotothebeach,weneedtotakesuncream.=Weneedtotakesuncreamifwegotothebeach.如果我们去海滩，我们需要带上防晒霜。一、用if或unless填空。hewantstoseeme,youcantellhimtowait,itsnowstomorrow,we'llhaveadayortwooff.Wewon'tgotohispartyheinvitesus.Sheissuretopasstheexaminationsheisill.I'lltakethatcomputerIhaveenoughmoney.mygrandmawearsglasses,shecanseebetter.7.1won'tbuythatbackpackitcostslessthanY20.8.I'mtired,I'llhavearestfortea.二、用所给词的正确形式填空。Ifhe(get)alowmarkinthetest,he(study)harder;Ifyou(swim)everydaythissummer,you(be)veryhealthy.Ifhe(nothurry),he(notsee)thebeginningofthematch.Youcan'tgooutunlessyou(finish)yourhomework.UnlessIsavemymoneycarefully,I(notbe)abletobuyafootball.Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,we(go)tothepark.Ifhe(return)totheschool,I(let)youknow.养兵千日第一节语法选择1yearsago,peopledidn'tknow2tomakeafire.Whenitwasverycold3night,theycouldn'tsleepvery4.Sometimeslighting(闪电)hitaforestand5afire.Atfirstpeoplewerebothsurprised6frightened(害怕的)toseethefire.Theywereafraid7out.Laterafewbravementooksomeofthisfireandmadeafirenear8homes.Theyusedthefiretokeepthem9.Whentheyhadafire,theydidn'tletit10burning(燃烧).Ifitstopped,theycouldn'tstartagain.Maybetheyhadto11foralongtime,sometimesforhours.Latertheylearnthowtomakeafire12piecesofwoodandstones.Nowwe_13matches(火柴).Wecanputtheminourpocketand_____14afirewhenwewant15it.Butwehavetobecarefulwithfire.1.A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TwothousandsD.Twothousand2.A.whatB.whyC.howD.where3.A.atB.inC.onD.for4.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best5.A.startB.startsC.startedD.starting6.A.orB.andC.butD.so7.A.goingB.goC.togoingD.togo8.A.themB.theyC.theirD.themselves9.A.warmB.warmlyC.thewarmestD.mostwarmly10.A.stopsB.stoppingC.stopD.tostop11.A.waitB.waitsC.waitingD.waited12.A.byB.inC.onD.with13.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having14.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.makes15.A.makingB.makesC.tomakeD.made、完形填空Anoldmanlivedaloneinatown.Hewantedtodiguphispotatogarden,butitwasvery___16work.Hisonlyson,whoalways17himinthepast,wastheninprison（监狱）.Sotheoldmanwrotealettertohissonandsaid:Dearson,IamfeelingprettybadbecauseitlookslikeIwon'tbeableto18potatoesinmygardenthisyear.I19tomissdoingitbecauseyourmotheralwayslovedplantingtime.I'mjustgettingtoooldtodigupagarden.Ifyouwerehere,allmy20wouldbeover.Iknowyouwoulddigupthegardenforme21youweren'tinprison.Love,DadSoontheoldman22aletter,"Dad,don'tdigupthegarden!That'swhereIburied（埋藏）theguns!”At4a.m.thenextmorning,some23cameanddugupthewholegardenwithoutfindinganygun.Theoldmanwas24andwroteanothernotetohisson.Hetoldhimwhathadhappened,and25himwhattodonext.Hisson'sreplywas,"Goaheadandplantyourpotatoes,Dad.It'sthebestIcoulddoforyoufromhere.”16.A.hardB.interestingC.simpleD.boring17.A.taughtB.helpedC.changedD.stopped18.A.cookB.digC.putD.plant19.A.hopeB.forgetC.hateD.decide20.A.troubleB.illnessC.dangerD.fear21.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.when22.A.wroteB.receivedC.sentD.read23.A.friendsB.neighborsC.policemenD.prisoners24.A.illB.luckyC.surprisedD.sorry25.A.toldB.calledC.invitedD.asked三、阅读理解ASomepeoplesay,“Extremesportsaresodangerous．Whywouldanyonewanttodothem?”Butthedangeriswhatmakesthemsoexciting.Keepreadingtofindoutaboutthemostpopularones．Bungeejumping：PeopleonsomeSouthPacificislandshavebeenbungeejumpingforhundredsofyears．In1979,somepeoplebungeejumpedoffabridgeinEnglandandmadethesportpopulararoundtheworld．BungeejumpingcametoChinain1996．Skateboarding：Atfirst，thissportwascalled“sidewalksurfing”.Skateboardersoftenjumphighintotheair,godownstepsorslide（滑行）downrailsontheirboards.Theywearbaggytrouserssotheycanmovemorefreely．Skydiving：Thisisprobablythescariestextremesport．Skydiversjumpoutofairplanesaboutfourkilometersupinthesky．Theyusuallyfreefallforawhileandthenopenaparachutetoslowdownforasafelanding．Snowboarding：ThisbecameawinterOlympicsportin1998．Peopletiedtheirfeettotheboardwithspecialshoes．Theydon'tuseanyskisticks．Then，theyridedownhills,jumphighanddotricks．

Whatmadebungeejumpingpopularallovertheworld?AhistoryofhundredsofyearsB.JumpingoverariverinEnglandComingtoChinain1996D.JumpingoverabridgeinBritainInwhichsportsdopeoplejumpfromaplaneoffromahighplace?Bungeejumping.B.skydivingC.skateboarding.D.SnowboardingWhichsporthasbecomeaWinterOlympicsport?Bungeejumping.B.Skateboarding.C.Skydiving.D.Snowboarding.Whydosomepeopleliketodotheextremesports?A.It'sexcitingandsafe.B.It'sdangerousbutexciting.C.It'sscaryandsafe.D.It'sscarytolearn.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderword“extreme”(paragraphone)mean?A.危险的B.紧张的C.极限的D.兴奋的B“Nomanisanisland”isawell-knownlinefromJohnDonne'sDevoti约n翰多恩的奉献-诗集).Itwaswrittenmorethanthreehundredyearsago.Evennowpeoplestillagreewithhim.Noonecanliveacompletelyisolatedlife.Withoutotherpeople,lifewillbecomeemptyandsad.Weallneedtohavefriends.Forsomeofus,althoughmakingfriendsisnotdifficult,feelingshy,wemaynotwanttomakethefirstmove.Itisalsodifficultattimestokeepthefriendswealreadyhave.Therearemanybooksaboutfriendship,butDaleCarnegie'sHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,writtenin1936,isthemostfamous.Ithasbeensoldmillionsofcopiesandputinto28languages.Dale'sadviceseemstobesimple,butitcanhelpyou.Doyouneedtochangethewayyouact?Hereisthelistofadvicefromhisbook:1.Befriendlyandpolite.Alwaysgreetwithasmile.Remembertosay“Thankyou”andtrytobeashelpfulasyoucan.Gooutofyourwaytobenice.Findsometimetodospecialthingsforotherpeople.Makingsomesoupforasickneighbourmayseemlikealittlethingtoyou,butitwillmakeyourneighborfeelalotbetter.Remembernames.Theysaythatthesweetestmusictoaperson'searsisthesoundofhisorherownname.Beopen-minded.Trytounderstandotherpeople'swaysandideasandlearnsomethingfromthem.Listenpatiently.Whensomeoneistalkingtoyou,lookathimorher,listencarefullyandsaysomethingwhennecessary.Theunderlinedsentence“Noonecanliveacompletelyisolatedlife.”means“Noonecanliveahardlife.C.Noonecanlivewithoutdifficulty.Noonecanliveahardlife.C.Noonecanlivewithoutdifficulty.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SuggestionsaboutmakingfriendsC.GettingtoknowothersNoonecanlivealone.Noonecanliveonanisland.AshowaboutfriendshipD.AdviceonhowtobecomesmarterHowcanpeopleshowthattheyarefriendlyandpolite?A.Byrememberingothers'names.B.Byunderstandingotherpeople'sideas.Byalwayssmilingatothers.D.Bylookingatotherswhentheyaretalking.Whyisitdifficultforsomepeopletomakefriends?A.Becausetheirlivesareemptyandsad.Becausetheyaretoooldtomakefriends.Becausetheydon'twanttomakethefirststep.Becausetheydon'twanttomoveoutoftheisland.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutDaleCarnegie'sbook?A.Ithasfivechapters.B.Itwaswrittenin1963.ItcanonlybereadinEnglish.D.Ithasbeenboughtbymillionsofpeople.阅读填空Streetartisaverypopularformofartthatisverypopularallovertheworld36Nowevenartmuseumsandgalleries（画廊）arecollectingtheworksofstreetartists.Peopleoftenhavedifferentopinionsaboutstreetart37othersthinkitisaverybeautifulnewformofculture.Inthestreetartworld,graffiti（涂鸦）canbethemostpopular.ItbaganinNewYorkinthe1980s.Firstsomeyoun