牛津译林八年级下册Unit3-Unit4 知识点总结讲解+练习

牛津译林八年级下册Unit3-Unit4知识点讲解+练习知识点一U3-4重要词汇知识点归纳【知识梳理】whattodowith=howtodealwith如何处理….疑问词在句中怎么做题？疑问词+todowheretogowhichonetobuy疑问词+陈述语序Idon'tknowwhatyouaremakingnow.whattodohowtodoitas形容词/副词原型asonecan=as形容词/副词原型aspossible尽可能做某事asfarasIcould尽我所能的远As...as不如notas/so...asthesame...as...与一样thesamesizeas..thesamecolouras..ItisnotasdifficultasIthought这没有我想象的那么难。betiedto被绑在....tieftyinglieflyingdiefdyingcontinuedoingsth继续做某事continuetodosthgoondoingsth=carryondoingsth=carryonwithsthmanagetodosth设法做某事=succeedindoingsthtoo.to太..而不能Youarenevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老Sb+be+adj.+enoughtodosth有足够的..做某事MygrandmastartedusingWeiboattheageof80.Shealwayssaysit'sneveroldtolearn.

A.tooB.soC.enoughD.quiteA.tooB.soC.enoughD.quite答案：ATheywerebusywitheachothertorememberthetime.A.enough;talkingB.enough;totalkC.too;talkingD.too;totalk答案：C7.havebeento（次数）曾经到过某地havegoneto（Where...）去了某地（人不在）havebeenin（Howlong...）在某地呆了多久beonbusiness出差torunabusiness经营一家企业noneofyourbusiness不关你的事supportfromlocalbusinesses搭乘直达航班takeadirectfightto..adirecthigh-speedtrainto.直达..的高铁Iwilltakeadirecthigh-speedtraintoHangzhoutoseeyoutonight.furtheron再往前走furtherstudy继续深造goaboardforfurtherstudy出国深造can'twalkanyfurther再也走不动了farfarther（距离远近）further（程度）wouldyouminddoing/sth.?minddoingsthmindone'sdoingsth（介意某人做某事）mindnotdoingsthWouldyoumindmysmokinghere?你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？不介意Ofcoursenot.介意的Ofcourse.You'dbetternot..-Doyoumindmeinthedininghall?-Sorry.It'snot.A.smoking;allowedB.smoking;allowC.tosmoke;allowD.tosmoke;allowed答案：A【例题精讲】例1.Theyoungmankeptthelittleboyawayfromthebigdog.A.towarn,keepingB.towarn,tokeepC.warning,keepingD.warning,tokeep例2.Excuseme,couldyoupleasehelpmecarrythebox?---.A.NevermindB.WithpleasureC.OfcoursenotD.Mypleasure例3.Theboysleepingwithhiseyesismyfriend.A.closed,closeB.close,closedC.close,closeD.closed,closed例4.Annadances,,ifnotbetterthan,Lily.A.sowellB.aswellasC.sowellasD.aswell例5.---Ican'tbelieveyouhavefinishedthework.---Myfriendshelpedme.Justasthesayinggoes,“”.A.PracticemakesperfectB.BurnthecandlesatbothendsC.ManyhandsmakelightworkD.Putallyoureggsinonebasket答案：DBABC【课堂练习】A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。MissWuisalwayspatientenoughtospendhertime(解释)tothestudentsafterclass.Themorebooksyouread,thericheryouwillget.Takemyadviceandyouwill(preventsomethingbadfromhappening)causingproblems.---HowwasyourlasttriptoHainan?---Itwas(wonderful,amazing).Ienjoyedmyself.5.I'mstronglysmokingbecauseit'sharmfultoourhealth.答案：explaining/knowledge/avoid/fantastic/against知识点二Grammar【知识梳理】一、疑问词加动词不定式(1)句法功能：“wh-词+不定式”主要用作宾语或者宾语补足语，跟在动词decide,forget,advise,discuss,remember,understand,think,teach等之后。♦疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。常用的疑问代词有：what;which;who;whom;whose.疑问副词有：where,when,why;howe.g.:Wemustthinkwhattodo.Ican'tdecidewhomtoinvite.Danieltaughthimselfhowtouseacomputertodraw.除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。e.g.:Whentoleavehasnotbeendecided.何时离开还没有决定。Thequestionishowtofindhim.问题是如何找到他。注意点：若动词不定式的动词为不及物动词，需要加上后面的介词。e.g.Danieldidnotsaywhototalktoaboutthisbook.Idon'tknowwhototurntoforhelpwhenIhaveproblems.原则上说，why后不接不定式：误：Kittyexplainedwhytobelateforschool.正：Kittyexplainedwhyshewaslateforschool.不过若不定式不带to,则可用why。e.g.:Whynotgothereatonce?Whyarguewithher?但这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。误：Whynotcleantheroomyesterday?正：Whydidn'tyoucleantheroomyesterday?(3)how用于该结构的注意点：有些动词后接“how+不定式”作宾语时，how可以省略：e.g.:Didyoulearn(how)todriveacar?你学过开车吗？但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how+不定式”作宾语时，尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出，但不能将how省略。e.g.:Heknowshowtoplaythepiano.Heshowedherhowtoswim.(4)“疑问词十不定式”结构可以和复合句转换。e.g.:Heaskedwherehewouldgoshoppingaftersupper.=Heaskedwheretogoshoppingaftersupper.二、be+adj・+enough+todosth表示“(某人、某物)足够做某事”例如：I'mtallenoughtoreachthetopofthetree.【拓展句型】be+adj・+enough+forsb・+todosth表示对某人来说“(某人、某物)足够做某事”enough作形容词，意思是“足够的;充分的”。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可，前置时强调enough，后置时强调被修饰词。如：Fivemenwillbequiteenough.Ihaveenoughbooksnow.=Ihavebooksenoughnow.enough作副词的意思是“十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地”，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后，常与不定式或介词for连用，在句子中作状语，表示程度。如：Mum,IthinkI'mwellenoughtogetbacktoschool.【拓展】enough作感叹词时意思是“够了;停止;住手;不要再继续了”，用以表达不耐烦或恼怒。如：You'vebeenpracticingtheviolinallafternoon.Enough!三、too・・・to・・•结构和用法(1).too...to...表示“太……而不能……”。too的后面接形容词或副词的原级，to的后面接动词原形。too...to...句型是简单句。如：Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.(2).too...to...结构表达肯定的意义.too前面含有表示否定意义的词，如:not,never,nothing等时，too...to...结构不表示否定的意义。如：Itisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老。(要学永远都不迟。).too后接表示感情的形容词，如glad,pleased,happy,sad等时，too...to...句型不再表示否定意义，而表示的是肯定意义。例如：Heistoosadtohearthebadnews.(2)too...to...结构与enough...to...结构的相互转换将too...to...结构转换为enough...to...结构时，要注意：.enough前的形容词或副词应是too前面形容词或副词的反义词；.enough...to...句式须用否定式；如：Sheistooyoungtodothework.=Sheisn'toldenoughtodothework.四、Itis+adj・+todosth・做…事怎么样在此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式部分，由于主语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，用it做形式主语。有时it还可作为形式宾语，代替较长的宾语部分。如：Itisgreattobewithyou.Ifinditinterestingtowatchtheactionfilm.拓展句型：Itis+n.+todosth.如：Itisagoodideatohaveashowernow.Itis+adj・+forsb・+todosth对某人来说做…事怎么样此结构是一个陈述句，表示说话人对客观事件的决断，比较正式。这类形容词有difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,(im)possible等。如:It'sverydangerousforchildrentocrossthebusystreet.It'sdifficultforustofinishthework.Itis+adj・+ofsb・+todosth对某人来说做…事怎么样此句型在英语中运用较为频繁,尤其在口语中。该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪，其实相当于感叹句。如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.该句型中用作表语的形容词常见的有如下几类:答案：答案：1.What's,purpose2.didn't,either3.tooheavy4.isn't,he5.such,that（1）表示聪明或愚蠢的形容词,有clever,wise,foolish,stupid,silly等,如:It'ssillyofhimtodosuchathing.（2）表示正确或错误的形容词,有right,wrong,correct,incorrect等,如:Itwasrightofhernottocomehere.（3）表示好坏等品性的形容词,此类词较多,有good,nice,kind,sweet,friendly,lovely等,如:It'sfriendlyofyoutocomeandseeme.（4）表示褒义或贬义色彩的形容词,有brave,polite,careless,selfish等,如:Itwasbraveofyoutomanagetodoit.【补充】ofsb.的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子。It'sveryniceofyoutooffermeaseat.=Youarenicetooffermeaseat.十分感谢你给我让座。Itiscarelessofhimtolosesomanythings.=Heiscarelesstolosesomanythings.他丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。【例题精讲】例1:Thepurposeofthetalkistoteachthestudentsrulesofeating.（（寸划线部分提问）theofthetalk?例2:Healsoknewthetruth.（改为否定句）Heknowthetruth,.例3:Theboxisn'tlightenoughforhimtocarry.（改为同义句）Theboxisforhimtocarry.例4:He'sjustbackhome,?（改为反义疑问句）例5:Thefilmwasveryboring.Ifellasleepatlast.（合并为一句）ItwasaboringfilmIfellasleepatlast.课堂练习请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺successGermanyuglyhesuccessGermanyuglyhepolite---Whatlanguagedospeak?---TheyspeakGerman.Afterthecaraccident,theyoungmanfoundunabletomovewhenhewokeup.TheHarryPotterseriesistranslatedintoabout70languages.Thedesignismuchthanweexpected.Thelittleboyisnotasasheusedtobeandheiswillingtoshareeverythingwithothers.答案：Germans/himself/successfully/uglier/impolite请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。tienotbewakejoinworkSimoninNanjingfortenyears,buthehascomebacktoShanghairecently.Ifyoucareless,yourmotherwillbehappy.Thereisnoneedtoturnofftheradio.Thebabyupnow.DanielhisbookswithropeswhenIcameintohisroom.---Lilyourdiscussionthisafternoon?---Yes,sheis.答案：worked/aren't/haswaken/wastying/Isgoingtojoin首字母填空Nowadays,WeChatisbecomingmoreandmorep1inChina.Nomatterwhereweare，wecansendtextorvoicem2toourfriends.Wecanalsofindastrangertotalktobys3thephone.Anotherfunnyfunction（作用）isthatWeChatcanhelptos4forpeoplenearbywiththeprogramon.Manypeoplelikethisfunction,becauseitcanhelpthemtofindmorepeoplewhotheymayknow.Inmyopinion.WeChatisreallyau5chattingtool.Itcanhelppeoplecommunicatewiththeirfriendsmoree6.However，itisalsobadforpeople,especiallyforstudents.Asyousee,somepeopleuseWeChatforAtoolong.Itisnothealthytothem.SoIhavesomeadvicetouseitinac7way.First,weshouldnotuseitwhenwearestudying.Wecan'tfocusonourstudyifweuseit.Second,wemustbecareful.Weshouldn8showtoomuchpersonalinformationnortrust（相信）strangerssomuch.Weshouldlearnhowtouseitp9____.Rememberthatweshouldp___l0_ourselveswhenweuseit.1.2.___3.4.__5.6.7.___8.9.__l0.答案：tect课后练习单项选择题1.---Whatdoyouthinkoffilm“OperationRedSea”?---Oh,whatexcitingfilm!I'dliketoseeitagain.A.the,aB.the,anC.a,theD.a,an2.---CanIwalktheroadnow,Mum?---No,youmustn't.Youhavetowaitthelightturnsgreen.A.cross,forB.across,forC.cross,untilD.across,until3.---willtheydowiththewastepaper?---Oh,theyarehavingadiscussionabouttoreuseit.A.What,howB.How,whatC.How,howD.Wha