2018-2019学年北师大版高中英语必修四教学案：Unit10 Money-语法篇（学生版）

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Unit10Money语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、不定代词。2、不定式。不定代词some/any/no=1\＊GB3①some，any作“一些，某个”讲,表示不确定的或未知的数量数目，可用在可数名词和不可数名词前.some通常用于肯定陈述句中,any用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。例：Shepickedsomeflowersfromthegarden.Doyouhaveanymoneywithyou?=2\*GB3②some可用在表示邀请或请求的句子中,表示希望对方给予肯定回答。例：MayIaskyousomequestions？=3\*GB3③any用于肯定句中,表示“任何（一个）的”。例：Youmaycomeatanytime.=4\*GB3④no=nota/notany,作定语，后跟可数名词或不可数名词.例：Ihavenochoice.Alotof/lotsof/plentyof/many/much=1\*GB3①alotof,lotsof,plentyof意为“许多,大量的”，可用于可数名词复数和不可数名词前.例：Alotofpeoplesaythattheylivefornopurpose。Youneedtowearlotsofwarmclothes。Thereisplentyoftime。=2\＊GB3②many后跟可数名词复数，much后跟不可数名词。例：HespeakssomeChinese，butnotmuch。Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom？all/none；both/neither；either=1\*GB3①all指三个或三个以上的人或事物，both指两个人或物，在句中都可作主语,宾语，表语，同位语或定语.例：Weareallstudents.Allofusshouldworkhard.=2\＊GB3②both和all都可直接修饰名词。名词前有限定词时，其前只能用bothof或allof。例：Bothofbrothersareclever。=3\＊GB3③neither意为“（两者）都不”；none意为“没有人，一个也没有”;either表示“两者之一”或“（两者中的）任何一个”,用于单数名词，of+宾格人称代词或带限定词的复数名词前，作主语，宾语或定语.例：Neitherofusisadoctor。Noneofthebooksarehelpful。Herearetwobrushes。Useeither.Another/other/theother/theothers=1\＊GB3①another表示三者或三者以上中的另一个，意思是“再一,又一”。一般接可数名词单数。例：Lucy,wouldyoulikeanothercake?=2\*GB3②other泛指“其他的，另外的”,可接复数名词;复数形式others表示“另一些”，相当于other+名词。例：Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?Somearecarryingwater,othersarewateringthetree.=3\*GB3③theother指“两者中的另一个"，常与one连用,构成one…theother…结构；theothers特制一定范围内的“其余的人或物”。例：Mr.andMrs.Shutehavetwochildren.Oneisadaughter，andtheotherisason。Ihavegottenpencils。Twoofthemarered，theothersareblue。不定式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to是动词不定时的符号.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。不定式具有动词的特征，可和后面的名词等构成不定式短语；不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语，补足语，定语，状语。不定式作主语:=1\＊GB3①不定式作主语，表示特指的一次性动作。Tosayisonething;todoisanother.=2\＊GB3②为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语—动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell。不定式作宾语:=1\＊GB3①英语中agree,ask,aim,arrange，choose,decide，demand，expect,fail，help,hope，learn，manage，offer,plan，prepare，pretend,promise，refuse，wish等动词后需接不定式作宾语。Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthedamagebridge.=2\＊GB3②decide,know，consider,forget，learn,remember,show，understand，see，wonder,hear,findout,explain,tell等动词后常接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。Thedriverwonderedhowtostartthecarinsuchacoldmorning.不定式作表语=1\*GB3①不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。Mywishistojointhearmyaftergraduation.=2\*GB3②如果主语是不定式，表示条件,表语也应用不定式，表示结果。Toseeistobelieve。=3\*GB3③如果主语的中心词是aim，duty,hope,idea,happiness，job,plan，problem，wish等，或是以wish引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语对其作补充说明。Hisjobistofeedanimals.不定式作宾语补足语：=1\*GB3①英语中advise，allow，ask，beg，encourage，expect,force,forbid，get，order，permit,persuade,require，teach，tell，want，wish,warn等动词后常接不定式作宾语补足语，且不定式符号to不能省略.Sheaskedmetoaccompanyhertotheairport。=2\*GB3②不定式在动词let，make，feel，hear,see,observe等后作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to需省略。Theaccidentmadeusrealizethatsafetycan’tbeignored。=3\＊GB3③动词help接动词不定式作宾语不足语时，不定式符号to可省略也可不省略.

Afterthedinnerhehelpedhismother(to）washupthedishes.不定式作定语:不定式作定语,一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词.=1\*GB3①主谓关系，被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语.Weneedsomepeopletohelppickapples。=2\＊GB3②动宾关系,被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。Ihavemanythingstodo.同位关系，不定式是对其所修饰的名词作解释说明。We’vemadeaplantospendtheweekend。不定式作状语：不定式作状语，可表示动作的目的，结果，原因，条件和方式。=1\＊GB3①todo，inordertodo，soastodo都可表示目的,但todo，inordertodo的位置既可在句首，又可在句末；而soastodo只能放在句末.Ilefthomeatsevensoasto/inordertobethereontime。=2\*GB3②表结果,不定式在下列结构中表示谓语动作的结果，不定时的动作一般在句子末尾.=1\*GB2⑴表示终结性的动词find，see,hear,learn,discover的不定式，常表示出乎意料的结果,并且不定式前常有never,only等副词修饰.HearrivedinNewOrleanswithoutapennyinhispocketonlytofindthattherewerenoboatsforSouthAmerica。=2\＊GB2⑵在“so+adj./adv.+as+todo”中。Thesceneryissobeautifulastoattractmanypeoplehereeveryyear。=3\＊GB2⑶在“adj。/adv.+enough+todo"中。HeranfastenoughtocatchupwithLiLei.=4\＊GB2⑷在“too+adj。/adv。（forsb.）+todo"中.It’stoomuchformetoabsorballatonce。=3\＊GB3③表原因,不定式常在形容词afraid,glad,pleased，sad，worried,sorrow，surprised，excited等后面说明主语的某种心情，情感所产生的原因。Theyareverygladtosetfootontheirhomeland。例1。Theydon'tcometothebookclubanymore，for_____reasonsforothers.somealleitherboth例2.Neithersideispreparedtotalkto_____unlesswecansmooththingsoverbetweenthem.otherstheotheranotheroneother例3。Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_____indailyconversation。usingtousehavingusedused例4。Theenginejustwon'tstart.Sometimesseems_____wrongwithit。A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD。havinggone例5.（2015北京丰台高三一模）Theroad_____nextweekleadstoHighway62.A.buildingB.tobuildC.tobebuiltD。built基础演练一,用some或any填空.—Whenshallwegotolookattheapartment？—Makeit_____dayyoulike；it’sallthesametome.2.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tanswer_____ofthem。3。—What’sthat？Itsmellsgreat!—It’smilktea.Wouldyoulike_____?4。Shegave_____ofthemeattothecat.5.Wedidthejobwithout_____difficulty.6.Dropinonmeat_____time.7。Ifhehadread_____ofthosebooks,hewouldhaveknowntheanswer.巩固提高一,单项选择。Hedoesn’thave_____furnitureinhisroom–justanolddesk。any B。many C.some D.muchThetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare_____witheachother。little B.much C.some D.noneIt’saneither—orsituation–wecananewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdo_____.others B。either C。each D。bothI’velivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdon’tlike_____ofthemverymuch。either B.any C。each D.another-John，whenshallwemeetagain,ThursdayofFriday?—_____.I'llbeofftoLondonthen。either B。Neither C。Both D.NoneLarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim，but_____ofthemwantsto，becausetheyhaveworktodo。either B.any C.neither D.noneYouareateamstar！Workingwith_____isreallyyourcupoftea。both B.either C。others D.theotherIfeltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn’tface____daylikethat.other B。another C.theother D。others单项选择.It’simportantforthefigures_____regularly.tobeupdated B.tohavebeenupdated C.toupdate D。tohaveupdatedMaryhastroubleinspeaking,whichmakesitdifficult_____herthoughtsandfeelings.express B.expressing C。expressed D.toexpressHetoldmethathisaimwas_____ajobaroundheretosupporthimselfwhilehestudiedintheuniversitythesedays。toget B。tobelosing C.tobelost D.havinglostPassengersarepermitted____onlyonepieceofhardluggageontotheplane.tocarry B.carrying C。tobecarried D。beingcarriedWithsomanyproblems_____，Jacklookslikeacatonahottinroof.solved B。tosolve C。solving D.tobesolvedWithsomanythings_____,Ihavetoworklateintothenight。todealwith B.dealtwith C.dealingwith D.beingdealtwithTheability_____anideaisasimportantastheidesitself.expressing B.expressed C。toexpress D。tobeexpressedWiththeworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_____withallbyourselveseveryday.deal B。dealt C。todeal D.dealingBird’ssingingissometimesawarningtootherbirds_____away。tostay B。staying C.stayed D.stayTheoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening，happy_____anythingthathappenedtobeon.towatch B.watching C。watched D。tohavewatchedTomtookataxitotheairport，only_____hisplanehighupinthesky.finding B.tofind C。beingfound D.tohavefound（2015北京大兴高三一模）Thetopic_____attomorrow'smeetingisveryimportanttoallofus，soeveryoneshouldbehereontome。discussing B。discussed C。tobediscussed D。discuss（2015北京西城高三第一学期期末）____thetravellingneedsofpassengers,ChinaRailwayCorporationhasdecidedthatpeoplecanbooktickets60daysinadvance.Meet B。Tomeet C。Met D.Meeting（2015北京丰台高三第一学期期末)Peopleplantedtreesonthewastehills_____waterandsoilloss.todecrease B。decreasing C。decreased D.decrease（2015北京石景山高三第一学期期末）Scotlandvotedagainstindependence；morethanhalfofthepeoplechose____partoftheUnitedKingdom。remaining B.remained C。tohaveremained D.toremain__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一，完形填空。IsetupaclassroomlibraryofbooksthatIbought1myownmoney。Thelibrarylooksbeautiful，likea2.Andmystudents3itverymuch.Ireadthechildrenastory。Itisaboutagirlwhois4poorthatshewearsthe5dresstoschooleveryday。Butshesaysshehasahundreddress6。Theothergirlslaughatheruntilshegoesaway.7,herclassmatesdiscovershereallyhasahundreddresses–ahundredbeautifuldrawingsofdresses.Oh，God,everychild8whenIclosethebook。9amomenteverythingisquiet。Thenaboy10inmyear,“Ihavetotelltheclasssomething.”HeshowsmethathehashalfafingerIturnhimtowardstheclassandputmy12onhisshoulder.Heisabit13。“I…Ionlyhavenineandahalffingers.”He14hishands.“Pleasedon’tlaughatmeaboutit。”Thestudentsbecome15。Thenoneboycallsout,“16whomakes17ofyou，I'llkickthem。"“Me,too，”says18.Whentheboyseestheclass19united(团结）,heisvery20andsmilesatme。1.A.with B。in C。for D.use2.A.fruitshop B。bookshop C.flowershop D.toyshop3。A。hate B.complain C。like