2017上海静安区高三一模英语试题及答案

静安区2016学年第一学期教学质量检测高三年级英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，全卷共12页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.InalibraryB.InabookstoreC.InahospitalD.Inalaboratory2.A.AclerkB.AbankerC.AnoperatorD.Asalesman3.A.5:00B.5:15C.5:30D.5:454.A.Shelostherway.B.Shelostherkeys.C.Shelosthercar.D.Shelostherhandbag.5.A.ThewomanwouldunderstandifshedidMary’sjob.B.ThewomanshoulddothetypingforMary.C.ThewomanshouldworkashardasMary.D.Thewomanisn’taskillfultypist.6.A.Hegetsnervousveryeasily.B.Hehasn’tpreparedhisspeechwell.C.Heisanawfulspeaker.D.Heisaninexperiencedspeaker.7.A.Theapplepietastesverynice.B.Hismotherlikestheapplepieverymuch.C.Theapplepiecan’tmatchhisbrother’s.D.Hismothercan’tmakeapplepies.8.A.Sheisnotveryinterestedinthearticle.B.Shehasgiventhemanmuchtrouble.C.Shewouldliketohaveacopyofthearticle.D.Shedoesn’twanttotakethetroubletoreadthearticle.9.A.HeisnotveryenthusiasticabouthisEnglishlessons.B.HehasmadegreatprogressinhisEnglish.C.Heisastudentofthemusicdepartment.D.HeisnotveryinterestedinEnglishsongs.10.A.Themanwenttoawrongcheck-incounter.B.Themanhasmissedtheflight.C.Theplanewillleaveat9:14.D.Theplane’sdeparturetimeremainsunknown.SectionBDirections:InsectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandlongerconversation.Thepassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Question11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Abasket.B.Anegg.C.Acup.D.Anoven.12.A.Toletinthesunshine.B.Toserveasitsdoor.C.Tokeepthenestcool.D.Forthebirdtolayeggs.13.A.Somearebuiltunderground.B.Someusepearsastheirnests.C.Mostaresewedwithgrasses.C.Mostaredriedbythesun.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.SouthAfrica.B.Asia.C.Europe.D.SouthAmerica.15.A.It’satradethatisdrivenbycustomerappetites.B.Thelatesttrickseemstobepromotingbusiness.C.Youcanhardlyresistthetemptationwhenseeingthepicturesoffood.D.Peoplehavenoideainbuyingthings.16.A.Youngpeople.B.Foreigners.C.Localpeople.D.Oldpeople.Question17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Itisnice.B.Itissafeandreliable.C.Itistotallysilent.D.Itisnoisy.18.A.TheyareavailableonthelastSaturdayofthemonth.B.Theycouldworkatnightthismonth.C.Theyhavetobepaidovertimeifworkingthismonth.D.Theycouldworkatweekendsatnormalpay.19.A.Theengineer.B.Themechanic.C.Therepairman.D.Theelectrician.20.A.Theychargeafixedfeeforthisservice.B.Theyprovidefreemaintenancefor24hours.C.Theyprovidefreemaintenanceforayear.D.Theyprovideautomaticmaintenanceservice.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperfromofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.iPhone7beinginvestigatedaftersurferclaimsitsethiscaronfireAppleisinvestigatingareportfromanAustralianmanwhoclaimedhisiPhone7caughtfireanddestroyedhiscar,thecompanysaidonFriday.SurferMatJonestoldChannel7Newsthathe(21)__________(go)intowateroffaNewSouthWalesbeachandlefthisnewiPhone7,broughtlastweek,(22)__________(wrap)inapairoftrousersinhiscaronthebeach.Hesaidthat(23)__________hereturnedfromthewaterhesawsmokerisingfromthecar.“AsIlookedintomycar,Icouldnotseeinsidethecar,likeallthewindowswerejustblack.”Avideofootage(影像)takenfromanotherphoneshowedthefrontseats,dashboardandstickmeltedandcharred,andJonessaidthathefelt“prettymuchlikeabigheatwavejustcameoutofthecar”.Eventuallythesurferwasabletoremove(24)__________wasleftofhisclothes.“Ashwasjustcomingfrominsidethepants.Oncethepantswereunwrapped,thephonewasjustmeltinginside.”Jonessaidthathehadnotdroppedthephoneorphysicallydamagedit,(25)__________happenedtoaSydneymanwhofelloffhisbikeandsufferedburnsfromaniPhone.Healsosaidthathehadnotused(26)__________non-Applechargingdevice.AspokeswomanforApplesaidthecompanywasinvestigatingthecomplaint.“We’reintouchwiththecustomerandwe’relookingintoit,”shesaid.Lithium-ion(锂离子)batteries(27)__________burstintoflamesbecauseofphysicaldamageoroverhearing.Apple’s(28)__________(big)smartphonecomputer,Samsung,hasbegunaninternationalrecallof2.5mGalaxyNote7devicesaftermorethan100devicesstartedsmoking,sparkingorcaughtfire--insomecases(29)__________(cause)firedamageandinjury.Severalothercompanies,includingHewlettPackard,Teslaandthemakersofso-called“hoverboards”,havealsoexperiencedproblems(30)________theirlithium-ionbatteries,thoughthevastmajorityworkwithoutproblems.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.encourageB.commonC.uncivilizedD.immigrantsE.illegalF.proposedG.panicH.consumptionI.freedomJ.extraordinaryK.fineInlateFebruary,amainlandtouristcausedadisturbanceonaHongKongsubway.ThereasonEatinginpublic.InHongKongitis31.__________toeatonthesubway,andwhenthetouristwasscoldedbyaHongKonglocal,thesituationescalated（升级）intoaverbalslingingmatch.InNewYorkCity,eatingonthesubwayisalsocontroversial.Nolawbansthepractice,butaDemocraticstatesenator(参议员)introducedonelastweek.The32.__________lawwouldbaneatingonthesubwaysystemand33.__________firsttimeviolators$250(1,579yuan),accordingtotheNewYorkTimes.Proponentsofthebillarguethateatingonthesubwayattractsrats.Otherssaythebroadertargetshouldbelitterbugs,ratherthanthosewhocarefullysiptheircoffeeandeattheirbreadonthewaytowork.Theyalsoarguethat"streetfood"isanimportantpartofNewYork'scultureandhistory.Banningits34.__________inpublicareassuchasthesubwaywouldhavenegativeeffects.Streetfood,andeatinginpublicplacesisadeep-rootedculturalpracticeincitiesasdiverseasNewYork,BeijingandParis.While35__________,ithasbeentraditionallythoughtofasthebehaviorofthelowerclasses.Eatinginpublicwas(andinsomeplaces,stillis)associatedwith36__________,poorerpeople.Inthe19thcentury,eatinginpublicwasseenasathreattomoralityandpublichealth.Putnam's(apopularmagazineatthetime)stated:"Eatinginpublicmaycauseacertain37.__________ofmanneranddisinterestinlittleladiesandgentlemen.ItwassomethingpeopleintheVictorianeradidnotwantto38.__________.ArecentNewYorkTimesarticledrewalinkbetweenthismoral39.__________aboutstreetfoodandconcernoverthegrowingpopulationsofIrish,German,ItalianandJewish40.__________whoranfoodcartsinthe1800s.Whetheryouloveeatingstreetfood,orhavetoeatyourbreakfastontherun,it'sbesttobeconsideratewhenenjoyingabiteinpublic.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorPhrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thetwomostcommonorganizationalpatternsofthefamilyarethenuclearfamilyandtheextendedfamily.Toalargeextent,thesepatterns41.________asociety'sprimarysubsistence(存在)strategy.Americansocialscientistshavegenerallyagreedthatfamilieseverywherefulfillfourcrucialsocial42.________:(a)reproductionofnewmembers,(b)childcare,(c)socializationofchildrentovalues,traditions,andnormsofthesociety,and(d)intimacyandsupportformembers.Althoughwecandefinethefamily43.________itsfunctions,theemphasisgiventoeachofthemvarieswidelybothgeographicallyand44.________.Forexample,innineteenth-centuryAmerica,peoplemarriedmainlytohavechildren.Today,emotionalsupportamongfamilymembershasnowbecomethedominantfunctionofthefamily,andthefamilyhasbecomeaneconomicunitforconsumptionratherthanfor45.________.Inrecentyears,socialscientistshavediscoveredimportant46.________infamilytypes,suchasthesingle-parentfamilyandthenuclearfamilyfixedwithinanetworkofkin(亲戚).Americanfamiliesalso47.________accordingtosocialclass.Acouple'ssocialclassaffectsthenumberofchildrentheywilldecidetohave,ifany,andalsothelikelihoodof48.________tothefamilybecauseofillness,death,ordivorce.Socialclassalsoinfluencestheamountofstressamarriageislikelytoundergoandthewayparentsraisetheirchildren.49.________,theextenttowhichAmericanfamiliesnowdifferby50.________appearstobemuchlessthanitwasfiftyyearsago.TheAmericanfamilyhasbeen51.________inanumberofwaysoverthepastfewdecades.Manypeoplearemarryinglater,havingchildrenlater,andhavingfewerchildrenornoneatall.Thesesocialchangeshave52.________diversehouseholdpatterns,includingsingle-personhouseholdsandchildlesscouples.Rolechangesarealsooccurringasbothpartnerspursue53.________andsharefamilyresponsibilities.Manyinnovativefamilyarrangementsareattemptstoenhancethecommitmentofmarriagewhileincreasingindividualfreedomandfulfillment.Inthisway,familiesare54________suchbroadsocialtrendsasdelayedmarriage,greaterparticipationofwomeninthejobmarket,andarisingrateofdivorce.Undoubtedly,theAmericanfamilywillcontinuetobesubjectedtosuchpressures,buthow55.________willthesefutureadaptationsbe41.A.reflectB.changeC.confirmD.replace42.A.performancesB.activitiesC.relationsD.functions43.A.withregardtoB.intermsofC.incombinationwithD.forthepurposeof44.A.raciallyB.financiallyC.historicallyD.spiritually45.A.inhabitationB.competitionC.connectionD.production46.A.variationsB.unitsC.arrangementsD.characteristics47.A.developB.extendC.differD.evolve48.A.contributionB.destructionC.combinationD.application49.A.ThereforeB.AlsoC.ContrarilyD.However50.A.familysizeB.workpressureC.economicstatusD.socialclass51.A.expandingB.dividedC.valuedD.changing52.A.focusonB.resultedinC.appealedtoD.calledfor53.A.trendsB.studyC.careersD.goals54.A.adaptingtoB.dealingwithC.worryingaboutD.gettingridof55.A.sociableB.availableC.extensiveD.naturalSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)TheHawthorneexperimentwasconductedinthelate1920sandearly1930s.ThemanagementofWesternElectric'sHawthorneplant,locatednearChicago,wantedtofindoutifenvironmentalfactors,suchaslighting,couldaffectworkers'productivityandmorale.Ateamofsocialscientistsexperimentedwithasmallgroupofemployeeswhoweresetapartfromtheircoworkers.Theenvironmentalconditionsofthisgroup'sworkareawerecontrolled,andthesubjectsthemselveswerecloselyobserved.Tothegreatsurpriseoftheresearchers,theproductivityoftheseworkersincreasedinresponsetoanychangeintheirenvironmentalconditions.Therateofworkincreasedevenwhenthechanges(suchasasharpdecreaseintheleveloflightintheworkplace)seemedunlikelytohavesuchaneffect.Itwasconcludedthatthepresenceoftheobservershadcausedtheworkersintheexperimentalgrouptofeelspecial.Asaresult,theemployeescametoknowandtrustoneanother,andtheydevelopedastrongbeliefintheimportanceoftheirjob.Theresearchersbelievedthatthis,notthechangesintheworkenvironment,accountedfortheincreasedproductivity.AlaterreanalysisofthestudydatachallengedtheHawthorneconclusionsonthegroundsthatthechangesinpatternsofhumanrelations,consideredsoimportantbytheoriginalresearchers,werenevermeasured.However,eveniftheoriginalconclusionsmustberevised,theynonethelessraiseaproblemforsocialscientists:Researchsubjectswhoknowtheyarebeingstudiedcanchangetheirbehavior.Throughoutthesocialsciences,thisphenomenonhascometobecalledtheHawthorneeffect.56.Theauthorimpliesthatasharpdecreaseinlightincreasedworkers'outputbecause_______________.A.theworkersexperiencedlesseyestraininadarkworkingplaceB.theworkershadtopaymoreattentiontowhattheyweredoingC.theworkersknewtheywerebeingobserved,andthismotivatedthemD.theworkersintheexperimentwerepaidmorethanotherworkers57.Thepatternoforganizationofthesecondparagraphis________A.listofitemsB.timeorderC.definitionandexampleD.causeandeffect58.TheHawthorneexperimentsuggeststhat___________A.workers'attitudesaremoreimportantthantheirenvironmentB.socialscientistsaregoodworkersC.productivityinelectricplantstendstobelowD.eventhosewhowerenotintheexperimentimprovedtheirproductivity59.Theauthor'smainpurposeis________________A.toexplaintheHawthorneeffectB.toprovetheimportanceofresearchC.toamusewithasurprisingexperimentD.tosuggestideasforfutureresearch(B)JoinIMDbandBecomeaFoundingSupporteroftheAcademyMuseumofMuseumofMotionPictures TheAcademyofMotionPicturesArts&Sciencesisbuildingtheworld’sleadingmoviemuseumintheheartofLosAngeles.TheAcademyMuseumofMotionPictures,scheduledtoopenin2017,willcontainsixstoriesofstate-of-the-artgalleries,exhibitionspaces,movietheatersandeducationalareas.Throughgroundbreakingexhibitionsandinnovativeprogramming,theMuseumwillexplorehowHollywoodandthefilmindustryhaveshapedcultureandcreativityaroundtheworld.DesignedbyRenzoPiano,theAcademyMuseumwillbelocatednexttotheLosAngeles.CountyMuseumofArt(LACMA)campusinthelandmarkedWilshireMayCompanyBuilding.Tohelpensurethislong-helddreamoftheAcademybecomesareality,theAcademyhaslauncheda$300millionfund-raisingcampaign,ledbyBobIger,AnnetteBeningandTomHanks.WehopeyoucanjoinIMDbandtheAcademyMuseum'scommunityofearlysupportersbymakingagifttothecampaigntoday.Or,signupfortheAcademyMuseummailinglisttohearaboutupcomingmuseumeventsanddevelopments.DonateNowHelpmakemoviehistoryandjoininelitegroupofsupporters,includingIMDb,bymakingyourcontributiontoday.Toseeafulllist.oftheAcademyMuseumfoundingsupporters,clickhere.Ifyouwouldliketomakeadonationorleammoreaboutnamingopportunities,pleasecontactChristineJoyceRodriguez,ManagerofAnnualGiving,atChristine.Rodriguez@Oor3102473040.60.TheAcademyMuseumofMotionPicturesislocated________.A.inthedowntownareaofLosAngelesB.inthesuburbofthecityofLosAngelesC.intheLosAngelesCountyMuseumofArtD.inthecentreofWilshireMayCompany61.TheAcademyMuseumofMotionPictureswillfocuson____________.A.theexhibitionoffilmequipmentB.theimpactoffilmindustryonworldcultureC.thepopularityofHollywoodmoviecultureD.theachievementsofAmericangalleriesandtheatres62.Thepassageisintendedto______________.A.promotetheAcademyMuseumandmakemoviehistoryB.arousepeople'sinterestintheAcademyMuseumC.raiseenoughmoneyfortheAcademyMuseumD.helprealizetheAcademyMuseumfoundingsupporters'dreams(C)ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf’sdeclarationthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.

Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseouttechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.

Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfinedtothefew.

Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.63.WhydoestheauthorgivetheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylA.Toshowthattechnologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworld.B.Tostresstheauthor'sconcernaboutthesafetyofcomplextechnology.C.Toprovethattechnologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbyman.D.Todemonstratethatbeingahumancreation,technologyislikelytomakeanerror.64.Whatdoesthephrase"wenthaywire"inparagraph2mostprobablymeanA.wereoutofrangeB.wentoutofdateC.felloutofuseD.gotoutofcontrolAccordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainlybecause___________.thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmindthecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebeforeithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnologyithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety66.Inthepassage,theauthorclearlyshowshis_____________.A.keeninsightintothenatureoftechnologyB.sharpcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolutionC.thoroughanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputersD.comprehensivedescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnologySectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Keepaneyeonyourstoragemedia.

Organizationmakesiteasytofindyourstufflater.Writedownwhereyouhaveimportantfiles.D.WouldyoucareifthiswasdeletedtomorrowE.Remembersomethingisbetterthannothing.F.Preserveyourdigitalmemoriesnow,beforeit'stoolate.HowtoKeepYourDigitalMemorialsSafeDoyouvalueyourdigitalstuffNearlyeveryoneiscreatingthingswithcomputers,andsomedoitwithoutanyconcernforitsvalue.Othersrecognizeitscurrentvalue,butthinklittleaboutwhatitcouldmeantotheminthefuture,andeitheraren'tawareordon'tthinkthatallofitcouldbedestroyed

tomorrow.Butharddrivesdieallthetime,andtheonlineservicesintowhichpeoplesinktheirtimeclosewithalarmingregularity,takingtheworkofmillionsofpeoplewithit._________67____________.Steps1.Preparetomakeaquickbackup.

Ifnothingelse,getacheapUSBstickanddrag-and-dropyourdocumentsfolderontoit.Worryabouttheotherthingslater.You

should

domorethanthis,butit'smostimportanttotakethemostvaluable,irreplaceableinformationfromyourharddriveandputitonasecondmediumtoguardagainstharddrivefailure,theftorloss.2.Decidewhatyouvalue.

Somequestionstoaskyourselfare:HowreplaceableisthisdataHowgoodareyouatassessingthevalueofitems_______68__________.Forthingslikebusinessaccountsanddocuments,theansweris

ofcourseyouwould.Thiskindofthingshouldbeyourfirstpriority.Startmakingbackups.__________69__________Diminishingreturns(效益递减)applyinbackupsastheydowitheverythingelse.Thecheapestandsimplestbackup