《金版新学案》2021高三英语一轮课时作业 新人教版选修8-422

选修8Unit4课时作业(三十九)Pygmalion皮格马利翁Ⅰ.单项填空1．________historyoftheAmericanSouthis________historyofsuffering，alsooneofhopeandsuccess.A．A；theC．A；aB．The；theD．The；a2．Thisnaughtyboyisreally________，whichmakeshismotherupset.A．attractiveB．activeD．anxiousC．troublesome3．Thecrowdshadallgonehomeandthestreetwasquiet________.A．anymoreC．anylongerB．nolongerD．oncemore4．Jimhasbeenlookingforhisdictionaryforalmostanhour，andTracyforgottotellhimthatDavid________it________2hoursago.A．took；awayC．took；overB．took；inD．took；on5．Theclosingmusic________outwhentheheroridesoffintothesunset.A．fadedB．wouldfadeD．fadesC．hasfaded6．________advertisements，TVprogramsareoftenmadeboring.A．RegularlyinterruptedbyB．RegularlyinterruptingC．ToregularlyinterruptD．Toberegularlyinterruptedby7．Henever________tohelpthoseintroublebecausehewasakindheartedman.A．handledB．hurriedC．hesitatedD．determined8．IwantedtogotoGreece，andmywifewantedtogotoSpain，sowe________onItaly.A．resignedC．promisedB．compromisedD．disguised9．Youaregrownupnow，soit’suptoyoutodecidewhetherto________EnglishorFrench.A．takeoffC．takeinB．takeonD．takeup10．________，thenorthernersarekeenondumplingswhilethesouthernersarefondofrice.A．GenerallyspeakingC．SpeakinggeneralB．GeneralspeakingD．Speakinggenerally11．Whentheygotthere，theyfoundthepeoplesufferingthestormwere________foodandwatersupplies.A．inwantofB．inpraiseofD．inplaceofC．inhonourof12．Peoplehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto________windandsandinthedesert.A．holddownC．holdbackB．holdupD．holdout13．—Thankyouforyourtimelyhelp，Susan.—________.A．WithpleasureC．AllrightB．MypleasureD．Nothanksatall14．—Whatdidhecomeherefor?—Hecamehereespeciallyto________youracquaintance.A．takeB．getC．makeD．produce15．Onhearingthehorriblenoise，theyallwentoutandlookedatwhatwashappeningin________.A．amusementC．amazementⅡ.阅读理解B．enjoymentD．embarrassmentThezebrabelongstothehorsefamily.Oneofnature’sgreatmysteriesiswhythezebrahasstripes.Onetheoryisthatthestripeshelpthezebracooldown.Onhotdaystheblackstripesgetalothotterthanthewhiteareaofthezebraandundertheblackstripestherearespeciallayersoffatforprotection.Hotairthenrisesofftheblackstripes，forcingcolderairdownaroundthewhiteareas，coolingthezebradown.This，however，isjustatheory.Thestripescanalsoconfusepredators(食肉动物)whenzebrasstaywithotheranimalsingreatnumbers.Zebrashaveexcellenthearingandeyesightandcanrunataspeedofupto35milesperhour(56kilometersperhour)．Theyalsohaveapowerfulkickthatcancauseseriousinjurytoapredator，likealion，oranAfricanwilddog.Usuallytheleadmaleoftheherdstaysatthebackofthegrouptodefendagainstpredatorsifnecessary，whilethefemalesandyoungstersrunfromdanger.Zebrasareherbivoresandfeedmostlyongrasses，althoughtheyalsomighteattheleavesandstems(茎)ofbushesabit.Theyeatgrassesformanyhourseachday，usingtheirstrongteeth.Spendingsomuchtimechewingwearsthezebra’steethdown，sotheirteethkeepgrowingalltheirlives.Asthedryseasonarrivesandthegrassesdieback，zebraherdstraveltofindmorefoodandwaterholesfordrinking.Mostzebrashavenospecificterritories.Theytravelfromplacetoplace，neverstayinginoneareaverylong.1．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A．Therearedifferentopinionsaboutwhythezebrahasstripes.B．Theblackstripeshelpthezebralivethroughcolddays.C．Thezebracaneasilybeattackedbypredators.D．Thezebraalwaystravelswithotheranimals.2．Accordingtothepassage，herbivoresare________.A．animalsthathavespecificterritoriesB．animalsthatonlyeatplantsC．animalsthatkillandeatotheranimalsD．animalsthatliveingroups3．Thezebrahasstrongteethalltheirlivesbecausetheirteeth________.A．onlychewsoftgrassesB．areusedalldayC．arealwaysgrowingD．arekeptclean4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutzebrasisTRUE?A．Theyhavepooreyesightandhearing.B．Theirstripescanconfusepredators.C．Theycanrun56milesperhour.D．Theyusuallystayinoneareaalltheirlives.5．WhichofthefollowingTVprogramsmightthepassagebeadaptedfor?A．Hobbies&LeisureB．EverydayTipsC．DigitalStadium(2021年聊城模拟)D．DiscoveriesEverybodyishappyashispayrises.Yetpleasureatyourowncandisappearifyoulearnthatafellowworkerhasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed，ifheisknownasbeinglazy，youmightevenbequitecross.Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman〞，withtheunderlyingbeliefthatotheranimalswouldnotbeabletohavethisfinelydevelopedsenseofsadness.ButastudybySarahBrosnanofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta，Georgia，whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature，suggeststhatit_is_all_too_monkey，aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviorsofsomekindoffemalebrownmonkeys.Theylooksmart.Theyaregood‐natured，cooperativecreatures，andtheysharetheirfoodhappily.Aboveall，likefemalehumanbeings，theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices〞thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectsubjectsforDoctorBrosnan’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokens(奖券)—somerocks，forfood.Normally，themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforpiecesofcucumber.However，whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparateandconnectedrooms，sothateachothercouldobservewhattheotherisgettinginreturnforitsrock，theybecamequitedifferent.Intheworldofmonkeys，grapesareexcellentgoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers)．Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinareexchangeforhertoken，thesecondwasnotwillingtohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall，theothereithershookherowntokenattheresearcher，orrefusedtoacceptthecucumber.Indeed，themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherroom(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtobringaboutdissatisfactioninafemalemonkey.Theresearchessuggestthatthesemonkeys，likehumans，areguidedbysocialsenses.Inthewild，theyareco‐operativeandgroupliving.Suchcooperationislikelytobefirmonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofangerwhenunfairlytreated，itseems，arenotthenatureofhumanbeingsalone.Refusingasmallerrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingscleartootheranimalsofthegroup.However，whethersuchasenseoffairnessdevelopedindependentlyinmonkeysandhumans，orwhetheritcomesfromthecommonrootsthattheyhad35millionyearsago，is，asyet，anunansweredquestion.6．Femalemonkeysofthiskindarechosenfortheresearchmostprobablybecausetheyare________.A．moreseriousaboutwhattheygetB．attentivetoresearchers’instructionsC．niceinbothappearanceandbehaviorsD．morereadytohelpothersthantheirmalecompanions7．Theunderlinedstatement“itisalltoomonkey〞meansthat________.A．monkeysarealsoangrywithlazyfellowsB．feelingbitteratunfairnessisalsomonkey’snatureC．monkeys，likehumans，tendtobeenviousofeachotherD．noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchfeelings8．Whenonemonkeyreceivedagrapeforfree，theotherwould________.A．notbewillingtohandoverhertokenB．shakeherhandsandgetangryC．havetoexchangehertokenforthecucumberD．refusetoacceptthecucumber9．WhichofthefollowingconclusionsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Humanbeings’feelingsofangeraredevelopedfrommonkeys.B．Intheresearch，malemonkeysarelesslikelytoexchangefoodwithothers.C．Cooperationbetweenmonkeysstaysfirmbeforetherealizationofbeingcheated.D．Onlymonkeysandhumanshavethesenseoffairnessdatingfrom35millionyearsago.10．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemonkeysinSarah’sstudy?A．Theycanbetrainedtodevelopsocialsenses.B．Theyusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.C．Theymayshowtheirsatisfactionwithequaltreatment.D．Theyfeelangrywhentheyreceivesmallrewards.Ⅰ.单项填空1．D考查冠词。第一空强调美国南方的历史，用定冠词表特指；第二空表示“一段……的历史〞，用不定冠词。2．C考查形容词辨析。troublesome令人烦恼的。attractive吸引人的；active活泼的；anxious焦虑的。3．D考查短语辨析。oncemore再一次。4．A考查短语辨析。takeaway拿走。takein欺骗；takeover接管；takeon接受，从事(某工作)。5．D考查时态。由下文rides可知用一般现在时fades。介绍电影剧情往往用一般现在时。6．A考查过去分词作状语。句子的主语TVprograms与interrupt之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。句意为：电视节目每隔一段时间就会插播广告，令人厌烦。7．C考查动词辨析。句意为：帮助那些有困难的人，他从来都不犹豫，因为他是一个善良的人。handle处理；hurry匆忙；determine决定，都与语境不符。8．Bresign听任，顺从；compromise以折中方法解决争论；promise许诺；disguise伪装。根据句意，B为最正确答案。句意为：我想去希腊，可我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们折中了一下，去意大利。9．D考查动词辨析。句意为：你已经是成年人了，所以由你来决定学英语还是法语。takeoff脱下，起飞，匆匆离开；takeon开始，雇用，呈现，同……较量，承当，从事；takein接受，吸收，包括，领会，理解，欺骗；takeup开始从事，把……继续下去，着手处理，占去。10．Agenerallyspeaking一般来说。11．A考查介词短语辨析。句意为：当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴袭击的人们需要食物和水。inwantof意为“需要〞；inpraiseof赞扬；inhonourof纪念；inplaceof代替。12．Cholddown压制，限制；holdup推迟；耽误；holdback阻挡，抑制；holdout提供，提出。句意为：为了阻挡风和沙尘，人们种了大量的树。13．B此题考查交际用语，在答复对方的感谢时常用：mypleasure，it’sapleasure。withpleasure很乐意做……，多用在对方要求帮助的时候。14．Cmakeone’sacquaintance结识某人；与……相见。15．Cinamazement惊愕地。Ⅱ.阅读理解【语篇解读】本文介绍了斑马的特点与生活习性。1．A推理判断题。第一段中，作者在介绍了为什么斑马会有黑白条纹的一种解释后说，This，however，isjustatheory，由此可以推知对此人们有不同的解释，应选A。2．B词义猜想题。最后一段主要讲了斑马的生活习性。由第一句中and后面的内容可知，herbivores的意思是“食草动物〞。3．C细节理解题。最后一段说，斑马一天要花很多的时间吃草，牙齿被磨损得很厉害，所以它们的牙齿一生都在不断地生长，由此可知C项正确，牙齿不断在生长，故总能保持强健。4．B细节判断题。由第一段最后一句可知，斑马身上的条纹可以迷惑食肉动物。5．D细节推断题。本文讲述了斑马条纹的功能、自我保护与生活习性，如假设改编为电视节目，那么“探索与发现(Discoveries)〞再适宜不过；因为“探寻自然界的神奇奥秘〞是该纪录片的宗