2013年江苏高考英语试卷及答案

2013年全国高考英语试题(江苏卷)及答案第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)21.Gnerally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers_____essentialtotheirdevelopment.A.is B.are C.was D.were22. —TheT-shirtIreceivedisnotthesameasisshownonline. —_____?ButIpromiseyouwe’lllookintoitrightaway.A.Whosays B.Howcome C.Whatfor D.Whyworry23. —Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit. —Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell_____.A.qualitfied B.preserved C.decorated D.simplified24.LionelMessi,_____therecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear,isconsideredthemosttalentedfootballplayerinEurope.A.set B.setting C.toset D.havingset25. —CouldIuseyourcartomorrowmorning?—Sure,I_____areportathome.A.willbewriting B.willhavewrittenC.havewritten D.havebeenwriting26.IamalwaysdelightedwhenIrecieveane-mailfromyou._____thepartyonJuly1st,Ishallbepleasedtoattend.A.Onaccountof B.Inresponseto C.Inviewof D.Withregardto27.“Neverforasecond,”theboysays,“_____thatmyfatherwouldcometomyrescue.”A.Idoubted B.doIdoubt C.Ihavedoubted D.didIdoubt28.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,_____itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.A.whateverB.whoever C.wherever D.whichever29.Teamleadersmustensurethatallmembers_____theirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrasmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getover B.lookover C.takeover D.comeover30.IshouldnothavelaughedifI_____youwereserious.A.thought B.wouldthink C.hadthought D.havethought31.Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeand_____toruins,thecitytookonanewlook.A.reducing B.reduced C.beingreduced D.havingreduced32.ThepresidentoftehWorldBanksayshehasapssionforChina,_____heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.where B.which C.what D.when33.Withinspirationfromotherfoodcultures,Americanfoodculturecantakea_____forthebetter.A.share B.chance C.turn D.when34. —Whataboutyourself-drivetripyesterday? —Tiring!Theroadisbeingwidened,andwe_____aroundride.A.had B.have C.wouldhave D.havehad35. —Thankyoufortheflowers.—_____.Ithoughttheymightcheeryouup.A.That’sright B.Allright C.I’mallright D.It’sallright第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream,whichmeantajob,amortgage(按揭),creditcards,success.Iwanteditandworkedtowarditlikeeveryoneelse,allofus36chasingthesamething.Oneyear,throughaseriesofunhappyevents,itallfell37.Ifoundmyselfhomelessandalone.Ihadmytruckand$56.I38tehcountrysideforsomeplaceIcouldrentforthe39possibleamount.Icameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroad40thePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.Itwas41,fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.Ifoundtheowner,rentedit,and42acornertocampin.Thelocalsknewnothingaboutme,43slowly,theystartedteachingmethe44ofbeinganeighbor.Theydroppedoffblankets,candles,andtools,andbegan45aroundtochat.Theystartedtoteachmeabeliefina46AmericanDream—nottheoneofindividualachievementbutof47.WhatIhavebelievedin,allthosethingsIthoughtwere48foracivilizedlife,werenonexistentinthisplace.49ontehmountain,mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy50withmyneighbors.Fouryearslater,Imovedbackinto51.Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime,52theirjobsandhomes.Imanagedtoreantabigenoughhouseto53ahandfulofpeople.Therearefourofusnowinthehouse,butovertimeI’vehadninepeoplecomeinandmoveontootherplaces.We’dallbein54ifwehadn’tbandedtogether.TheAmericanDreamIbelieveinnowisasharedone.It’snotsomuchaboutwhatIcangetformysefl;it’sabout55wecanallgetbytogether.36.A.separately B.equally C.violently D.naturally37.A.off B.apart C.over D.out38.A.crossed B.left C.toured D.searched39.A.fullest B.largest C.fairest D.cheapest40.A.at B.through C.over D.round41.A.occupied B.abandoned C.emptied D.robbed42.A.turned B.approached C.cleared D.cut43.A.but B.although C.otherwise D.for44.A.benefit B.lesson C.nature D.art45.A.sticking B.looking C.swingting D.turning46.A.wild B.real C.different D.remote47.A.neighborliness B.happiness C.friendliness D.kindness48.A.unique B.expensive C.rare D.necessary49.A.Up B.Down C.Deep D.Along50.A.cooperation B.relationship C.satisfaction D.appointments51.A.reality B.society C.town D.life52.A.creating B.losing C.quitting D.offering53.A.putin B.turnin C.takein D.getin54.A.yards B.shelters C.camps D.cottages55.A.when B.what C.whehter D.how第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AGuestServicesFrontGateGuestServicescanhelpyouwithanythingfromfindingoutwhattimeyourfavouriteshowstartstopurchasingtickets.TheGuestServiceslocationinsideFrontGatealsoservesasamessagecenter,lostchildren’sareaandlostandfound.Canada’sWonderlanddoesnotofferpersonalizedpublicpaging(传呼).Food&DrinkOptionsShopsarelocatedthroughoutCanada’sWonderland.PinicbasketsandcoolersarewelcomeattheshelterlocatedoutsideWonderlandonthenorthsideofourFrontGate.OutsidefoodanddrinksarenotallowedinthePark.BottledwatermaybebroughtintothePark.ATMsATMsarelocatedjustinsidetheParkbesideStroller,LockerandWheelchairRentalsattheFrontGate,aswellasKidZville(besideGuestServices),SplashWorks(twolocations),andoutsideThunderRun.PetCareApetcarefacilityislocatedoutsideourFrontGateonthesouthsideforadailyfee.Waterandair-conditionedsheltersareprovided.Guestsareaskedtoprovidefoodandexercise.FirstAidIfyouneedmedicalassistance,tellanyparkemloyeewhowillcallFirstAidandhavethemcometoyourlocation.Stroller,LockerandWheelchairRentalsStroller,lockerandwheelchairrentalsareavailableinsidetheParkattheFrontGate,besideThrillsAreWonderland.SmokingPolicySmokingisnotpermittedwhileridingorstandinginlineforridesorinanyofthechidren’sareasortheWaterPark.Smokingispermittedindesignated(指定的)areasonly.FailuretoobserveallParkrulescouldresultinbeingdrivenoutoftheParkwithoutrefund.56.TheleafletistoinformvisitorsofthePark’s_____.A.advancedmanagement B.thrillperformancesC.entertainmentfacilities D.thoughtfulservices57.AvisitortotheParkcan_____.A.rentastrolleroutsideFrontGate B.askforfirstaidbyThunderRunC.smokeintheWaterPark D.leavehispetatKidZvilleBWe’veconsideredseveralwaysofpayingtocutinline:hiringlinestanders,buyingticketsfromscalpers(票贩子),orpurchasingline-cuttingprivilegesdirectlyfrom,say,anairlineoranamusementpark.Eachofthesedealsreplacesthemoralsofthequeue(waitingyourturn)withthemoralsofthemarket(payingapriceforfasterservice).Marketsandqueues—payingandwaiting—aretwodifferentwaysofallocatingthings,andeachisappropriatetodifferentactivities.Themoralsofthequeue,“Firstcome,firstserved,”haveanegalitarian(平等主义的)appeal.Theytellustoignoreprivilege,power,anddeeppockets.Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.IfIputmyhouseupforsale,Ihavenodutytoacceptthefirstofferthatcomesalong,simplybecauseit’sthefirst.Sellingmyhouseandwaitingforabusaredifferentactivities,properlygovernedbydifferentstandards.Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.Thinkoftherecordedmessageyouhear,playedoverandover,asyouwaitonholdwhencallingyourbank:“Yourcallwillbeansweredintheorderinwhichitwasreceived.”Thisisessentialforthemoralsofthequeue.It’sasifthecompanyistryingtoeaseourimpatiencewithfairness.Butdon’ttaketherecordedmessagetooseriously.Today,somepeople’scallsareansweredfasterthanothers.Callcentertechnologyenablescompaniesto“score”incomingcallsandtogivefasterservicetothosethatcomefromrichplaces.Youmightcallthistelephonicqueuejumping.Ofcourse,marketsandqueuesarenottheonlywaysofallocatingthings.Somegoodswedistributebymerit,othersbyneed,stillothersbychance.However,thetendencyofmarketstoreplacequeues,andothernon-marketwaysofallocatinggoodsissocommoninmodernlifethatwescarcelynoticeitanymore.Itisstrikingthatmostofthepaidqueue-jumpingschemeswe’veconsidered—atairportsandamusementparks,incallcenters,doctors’offices,andnationalparks—arerecentdevelopments,scarcelyimaginablethreedecadesago.Thedisappearanceofthequeuesintheseplacesmayseemanunusualconcern,butthesearenottheonlyplacesthatmarketshaveentered.58.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingseemsgovernedbytheprinciple“Firstcome,firstserved”?A.Takingbuses. B.Buyinghouses.C.Flyingwithanairline. D.Visitingamusementparks.59.TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraphs4and5illustrates_____.A.thenecessityofpatienceinqueuing B.theadvantageofmoderntechnologyC.theuncertaintyofallocationprinciple D.thefairnessoftelephonicservices60.Thepassageismeantto_____.A.justifypayingforfasterservices B.discussthemoralsofallocatingthingsC.analyzethereasonforstandinginline D.criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumpingCIfadiversurfacestooquickly,hemaysufferthebends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)inhisbloodissuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,ifthebubbles(气泡)accumulateinajoint,issharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.Otherair-breathinganimalsalsosufferthisdecompression(减压)sicknessiftheysurfacetoofast:whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs.Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.Ifbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutoffitsbloodsupply.Thiskillsthecellsinthebone,andconsequentlyweakensit,sometimestothepointofcollapse.Fossil(化石)bonesthathavecavedinonthemselvesarethusasignthattheanimaloncehadthebends.BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonestofindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasinthepast.Whatheparticularlywantedtoinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblemofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears.Tothisend,heandhiscolleaguestraveledtheworld’snatural-historymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheTriassicperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.Whenhestarted,heassumedthatsignsofthebendswouldberarerinyoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasurestodealwithdecompression.Instead,hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite.Morethan15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotasingleTriassicspecimen(标本)showedevidenceofthatsortofinjury.Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,moststrangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedtoescapeapredator(捕食动物)suchasalargeshark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.Triassicoceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.IntheTriassic,then,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.IntheJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey(猎物)aswellaspredator—andoftenhadtomakeaspeedyexitasaresult.61.Whichofthefollowingisatypicalsymptomofthebends?A.Atwistedbody.B.Agradualdecreaseinbloodsupply.C.Asuddenreleaseofnitrogeninblood.D.Adropinbloodpressure.62.ThepurposeofRothschild’sstudyistosee_____.A.howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebendsB.howichthyosaursadaptedtodecompressionC.whyichthyosaursbenttheirbodiesD.whenichthyosaursbroketheirbones63.Rothschild’sfindingstatedinParagraph4_____.A.confirmedhisassumption B.speededuphisresearchprocessC.disagreedwithhisassumption D.changedhisresearchobjectives64.Rothschildmighthaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs______.A.failedtoevolveananti-decompressionmeansB.graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebendsC.diedoutbecauseoflargesharksandcrocodilesD.evolvedananti-decompressionmeansbutsoonlostitDMarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.Stowe’sUncleTom’sCabinisonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslavery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.Againandagain,inthepostwaryears,Twainseemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Considerthemostcontroversial,atleasttoday,ofTwain’snovels,AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.OnlyafewbookshavebeenkickedofftheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn,Twainsmostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthemasrude.Twainhimselfwrotethatthosewhobannedthebookconsideredthenovel“trashandsuitableonlyfortheslums(贫民窟).”MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurencesofthewordnigger.(ThetermNiggerJim,forwhichthenovelisoftenseverelycriticized,neverappearsinit.)Buttheattackswereandaresilly—andmissthepoint.Thenovelisstronglyanti-slavery.Jim’ssearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedisheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhaspointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecultureandthevoiceoftheindividual:Jim,thefatherandtheman.”Thereismuchmore.Twain’smysterynovelPudd’nheadWilsonstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisday.

WrittenatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior(低等的)

towhites,especiallyinintelligence,Twain’stalecenteredinpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtohermaster’sbabyand,forfearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimforthemaster’sbabybyhiswife.Theslave’slight-skinnedchildwastakentobewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave-holdingclass.Themaster’swife’sbabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslave.Thepointwasdifficulttomiss:nurture(养育),notnature,wasthekeytosocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedthestuffofprejudice—mannerofspeech,forexample—were,toTwain,indicativeofnothingotherthantheconditioningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.Twain’sracialtonewasnotperfect.Oneisleftuneasy,forexample,bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography(自传)abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled“niggershows”inhisyouth—mostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack-face—andhisdelightingettinghismothertolaughatthem.YetthereisnoreasontothinkTwainsawtheshowsasrepresentingreality.Hisfrequentattacksonslaveryandprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthattheydidnot.WasTwainaracist?Askingthequestioninthe21stcenturyisaswiseasaskingthesameofLincoln.Ifwereadthewordsandattitudesofthepastthroughthe“wisdom”oftheconsideredmoraljudgmentsofthepresent,wewillfindnothingbuterror.

Lincoln,whobelievedtheblackmantheinferiorofthewhite,foughtandwonawartofreehim.AndTwain,raisedinaslavestate,brieflyasoldier,andinventorofJim,mayhavedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjusticeandawakenitscollectiveconsciencethananyothernovelistinthepastcentury.65.HowdoTwain’snovelsonslaverydifferfromStowe’s?A.Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.B.Twain’sattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C.Twain’sthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.

D.Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.66.RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyfromits_____.A.targetreadersatthebottomB.anti-slaveryattitudeC.ratherimpolitelanguageD.frequentuseof“nigger”67.WhatbestprovesTwain’santi-slaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?A.Jim’ssearchforhisfamilywasdescribedindetail.B.Theslave’svoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.C.Jimgrewupintoamanandafatherinthewhiteculture.D.Twainsuspectedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.68.Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat_____.A.slaveswereforcedtogiveuptheirbabiestotheirmastersB.slaves’babiescouldpickupslave-holders’wayofspeakingC.blacks’socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtupD.blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice69.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7referto?A.Theattacks.B.Slaveryandprejudice.C.Whitemen.D.Theshows.70.Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?A.Twainhaddonemorethanhiscontemporarywriterstoattackracism.B.TwainwasanadmirablefigurecomparabletoAbrahamLincoln.C.Twain’sworkshadbeenbannedonunreasonablegrounds.D.Twain’sworksshouldbereadfromahistoricalpointofview.第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。QuietVirtue:TheConscientiousTheeverydaysignsofconscientiousness(认真尽责)—beingpunctual,carefulindoingwork,self-disciplined,andscrupulous(一丝不苟的)inattendingtoresponsibilities—aretypicalcharacteristicsofthemodelorganizationalcitizen,thepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould.Theyfollowtherules,helpout,andareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.It’stehconscientiousworkerwhohelpsnewcomersorupdatespeoplewhoreturnafteranabsence,whogetstoworkontimeandneverabusessickleaves,whoalwaysgetsthingsdoneondeadline.Conscientiousnessisakeytosuccessinanyfield..Instudiesofjobperformance,outstandingeffectivenssforalmostalljobs,fromsemi-skilledlabortosalesandmanagement,dependsonconscientiousness.Itisparticularlyimportantforoutstandingperformanceinjobsatthelowerlevelsofanorganization:thesecretarywhosemessagetakingisperfect,tehdeliverytruckdriverwhoisalwaysontime.AmongsalesrepresentativesforalargeAmericancarmanufactures,thosewhoweremostconscientioushadthelargestvolumeofsales.Conscientiousnessalsooffersabuffer(缓冲)againstthethreatofjoblossintoday’sconstantlychaningmarket,becauseemployeeswiththisqualityareamongthemostvalued.Forthesalesrepresentatives,theirlevelofconscientiousnessmatteredalmostasmuchastheirsalesindeterminingwhostayedon.Butconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocialskillscanleadtoproblems.Sinceconscientiouspeopledemandsomuchofthemselves,theycanholdotherpeopletotheirownstandards,andsobeoverlyjudgementwhenothersdon’tshowthesamehighlevelsofmodelbehavior.FactoryworkersinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStateswhowereextremelyconscientious,forexample,tendedtocriticizeco-workersevenaboutfailuresthatseemedunimportanttothosetheyciticized,whichdemandedtheirrelationships.Whenconscientiousnesstakestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscouragecreativity.Increativeprofessionslikeartoradvertising,opennesstowildideasandspontaneity(自发性)arescarceandindemand.Successinsuchoccupationscallsforabalance,however;withoutenoughconscientiousnesstofollowthrough,peoplebecomemeredreamers,withnothingtoshowfortheirimaginativeness.QuietVirtue:TheConscientiousQuietVirtue:TheConscientiousConscientiouspeoplearevery(71)Conscientiouspeoplearevery(71)▲withthemselves.FeaturesofconscientiousnessFeaturesofconscientiousnessConscientiouspeoplearevery(72)Conscientiouspeoplearevery(72)▲toothers.Conscientiousnesskeepsanorganization(74)Conscientiousnesskeepsanorganization(74)▲smoothly.Conscientiousemployeesatthelowerlevelsgiveoutstanding(75)Conscientiousemployeesatthelowerlevelsgiveoutstanding(75)▲.(73)(73)▲ofconscientiousnessThemostconscientioussalespersonsusuallyhavethelargestvolumeofsalesThemostconscientioussalespersonsusuallyhavethelargestvolumeofsalesConscientiousemployeesarelesslikelyto