Unit 2 Grammar 课件 牛津译林版九年级英语上册

Unit2ColoursGrammarWhatisanobject?宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。e.g.Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.（动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句Whatisanobjectclause?Comparethetwosentences.HaveatryTrytofindouttheObjectClauses.1.DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut?2.Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.3.Pleasetellmewhereshehasgone.4.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.5.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.一、连接词（引导词）主句由“连系动词＋形容词”构成的“系表”结构，常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情，如happy,glad,pleased,sad,sure,afraid等等。I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.

SandyischattingonlinewithMillieaboutroomcolours.Trytoaddthattoeachobjectclause.PracticeMillie:Didyouknowthereisarelationshipbetweencoloursandmoods?Sandy:Certainly.Ithinkcoloursinfluenceoureverydaylivesinmanyways.Millie:Howshouldwechoosethecoloursfortheroomsofahouse?Sandy:Mostpeoplethinklightcoloursarebetterthandarkones.Millie:Yes.Inoticelightcoloursmakeroomsseemlarger.Sandy:Sure.IalsoknowbluecanmakeusfeelrelaxedMillie:Yes.Mymumsaysblueissuitableforbedrooms.Ialsofindsomepeoplepreferorangefortheirdiningrooms.Sandy:True,butitdependsonpersonaltaste.Anyway,weshouldchoosethecolourwhichmakesusfellcomfortable.∧(that)∧(that)∧(that)∧(that)∧(that)∧(that)∧(that)2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，连词用if或者whether，意为“是否”，一般情况下可以互换，同时把原来的疑问语序改为陈述语序。主句的谓语动词一般为表示疑问的ask,see,wonder,findout等。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.Youmaywonderif/whethercoloursinfluenceourmoods.Sandyasksif/whetherorangecancheerherup.一、连接词（引导词）我问他是否想去游泳1.改为陈述句语气，2.用if/whether连接IaskDoeshewanttogoswimming?hewantstogoswimmingif/whetherIask注意：以下情况只用whether，不用if。1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用。如：正：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.

误：Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：正：Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.

误：Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：正：Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.误：Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：正：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.误：IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.5.whether可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。如：

正：Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.

误：Itwasuncertainifhewouldcome.6.if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，其后若为将来的动作，则用一般现在时表示，这时if不能用whether替换。如：正：Wewillgoshoppingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.误：Wewillgoshoppingwhetheritdoesn’traintomorrow.PracticeFillintheblankswithiforwhether.1.UncleJohncameuptosee_________therewasanythingwrongwiththecomputer.2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather________ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.3.Idon’tknow__________togoorstay?4._______timerunsout,whatshouldwedo?5.________theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampions,onlytimewilltell.if/whetherwhetherwhetherIfWhether

if/whether

she

should

choose

the

red

dress

if/whether

white

clothes

suit

her

if/whether

the

sports

bag

is

made

of

cottonPractice

if/whether

the

green

T-shirt

matches

his

trousers

if/whether

he

should

stay

at

home

instead

of

going

shopping

with

his

classmates

stay

at

home

instead

of

going

shopping

with

my

classmates?DanielwantstotellhisonlinefriendTommyaboutcolours.Helphimcompletehisemailusingthat,iforwhether.oftenthatif/whetherif/whetherthatthatif/whetherDanielhassomequestionsaboutcolourstoaskhisdad,buthisdadhasnotcomehomeyet.Helphimwriteanoteforhisdad.Ibelieve

(1)_____________________________________.Iwonder(2)__________________________________________________________________________.Iwanttoknow(3)__________________________________________________________________.Idonotknow(4)____________________________________________________________________.Iamnotcertain(5)________________________________________________________________.(that)Dadknowsalotaboutcoloursif/whetherredisjustthecolourofheatandpowerif/whetheryellowwasoncethecolouroftherulersinancientChinaif/whethertherulersinancient

Europeliketowearpurpleif/whetherallthedoctorsintheworldwearwhiteuniforms3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连词用疑问句中的疑问词，同时把原来的疑问语序改为陈述语序。此时宾语从句常可用“疑问词+todo”的结构替换。Iwonderwherehelives.Heaskedhowtheywouldgotothepark.=Heaskedhowtogotothepark.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.一、连接词（引导词）Practice1.Howmuchsleepdoweneedeveryday?Iwonder____________________________________.2.Wherecanwebuyagooddictionary?Canyoutellme______________________________?3.HowcanIimprovemyEnglishquickly?Iwanttoknow_______________________________.4.Whatwouldlifebelikewithouthobbies?Icannotimagine_____________________________.5.WhichmethodshouldIusetosolvetheproblem?Iamnotsure________________________________.Rewritethefollowingsentences.howmuchsleepweneedeverydaywherewecanbuyagooddictionaryhowIcanimprovemyEnglishquicklywhatlifewouldbelikewithouthobbieswhichmethodIshouldusetosolvetheproblem宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，如宾语从句为疑问句时则必须改为陈述语序。正：HeaskedifMilliewasdoingherhomework.误：HeaskedifwasMilliedoingherhomework.正：IwonderwhenhewillcometoBeijing.误：IwonderwhenwillhecometoBeijing.二、宾语从句的语序1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）三、宾语从句的时态Ihear(that)Jim_______(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jim______(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jim

___________(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim____________(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim___________(be)totheGreatWalltwice.

Jim______________(play)basketballwhenhis

fathercameback.Jim_____________(learn)1000Chinesewords

since

theendoflastyear.

wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghaslearnt2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.Hesaid1)He_________toHongKong.2)He_____sick.3)He___________abook.4)He____________hiswork.wouldgowaswasreadinghadfinished三、宾语从句的时态如何确定从句的时态主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）e.g.Hetoldme(that)summerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.三、宾语从句的时态Usefulphrasesandexpressions1.therelationshipbetweencoloursandmoods

颜色和心情之间的关系2.influenceoureverydaylives影响我们的日常生活3.makeroomsseemlarger使房间看起来更大4.dependonpersonaltaste取决于个人品味5.insteadofdoingsth.代替做某事6.beusedforcelebrations用于庆祝宾语从句三要素引导词that（陈述句）if/whether（一般疑问句）

特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句）时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变必要时，人称也要作相应的变化SummaryExercises1.---Howlongdoesittaketogettotheairport?

---Fortyminutes.Butit’sfoggytoday.I’mnotsure_______thehighwaywillclosesoon.Let’ssetoffearlier.A.whetherB.when

C.howD.why2.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun____round.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are3.Ibelievethatourteam_______

thebasketballmatch.A.winB.wonC.willwinD.wins4.Idon’tknow_______tovisittheoldman.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.who5.Shewantedtoknow_____hermotherlikedthegift.A.whic