人教版高中英语必修四 第四单元 Body language 知识点讲解

人教版高中英语必修四第四单元Bodylanguage知识点讲解一、单词识记1._________n.磁带2._________n.食堂3.________n.飞机；航班4.________n.面颊5.________n.等级；军衔rankcassettecanteenflightcheek6.___________n.宿舍7.______vi.猛冲；突进8._______v.迎接；问候9.___________vt.代表；象征10._____v.拥抱hugdormitorydashgreetrepresent11._______vi.打呵欠12._______adj.错误的；假的13._______n.成人adj.成熟的14.__________n.作用vi.起作用15.___________v.&n.接近；走近approachyawnfalseadultfunction二、单词拓展(A)单词派生1.__________vt.

联想,联合

n.

伙伴,同事____________n.

社团；联系；联想2.__________adj.好奇的__________adv.好奇地__________n.好奇心curiosityassociate

associationcurious

curiously3._________v.谈话，讲话_________n.发言_________adj.口语的

speak

speechspoken4.__________n.防御，保卫__________v.防御，保卫____________adj.防御的，保卫的defensivedefence

defend5._______n.脸;表面_______adj.面部的6._______n.安逸;舒适vt.减轻_______adj.舒适的；容易的easyfacefacial

ease5.________v.主修__________n.大多数,大部分majoritymajor6.____________v.代表，象征_________________n.代表adj.典型的,有代表性的representativerepresent(B)灵活运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Childrenshow_________(curious)abouteverything.1.名词作宾语。2.Hewasthequeen’s___________(represent)attheceremony.2.在所有格后用名词。representativecuriosity3.It’ssaidthatourheadmasterwillgiveusa_______(speak)atthemeeting.3.名词作宾语。4.Theyhadalarge_________(major)overtheotherpartyatthelastelection.4.名词作宾语。majority

speech

5.Allourofficersaretrained_________(defensive)ourselvesagainstknifeattack.5.不定式表示目的。todefend三、短语翻译

1.___________________背对……2.____________很可能……;有希望3.___________总的来说;通常4.__________舒适;快活;自由自在5.__________丢脸loseface

turnone’sbackto

belikelyto

ingeneral

atease6.________________保卫……以免受7.______________靠近……8.________________相反9.___________________向某人介绍10._________________面部表情facialexpressiondefendagainstmovecloseto

onthecontrary

introducesb.tosb.四、课文回顾在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。YourdirectorhassentyoutomeetbusinesspeopleatPudongAirport.1_____arevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries,whoareinterestedinthedevelopmentofbusinessinChina.TheyarefromEurope,NorthAmerica，SouthAmericaandAsia.TheyTheywillbemeetingatamajorhotel2_____localbusinesspeopleandpeople3_____representtheChinesegovernment.Fourpeopleenterlookingaround4__acuriousway.Youdonotwanttodisappointyourboss，andthisisan5________(excite)experienceforyou，Soyoustandwatchingand6_________(listen).withwhoinexcitinglisteningThefirstpersonwhoarrivesisMr.GarciafromColumbia,closely7______(follow)byJuliaSmithfromBritain.Youintroducedthemtoeachother，andaresurprisedby8____yousee.Mr.GarciaapproachesMsSmith,9______(touch)hershoulderandkissesheron10___cheek.followedwhattouchesthe五、课文概要以约30个词概括课文内容要点。YesterdaytheauthorwenttoCapitalAirporttowelcometheinternationalstudentsanddiscoveredthatnotallofthemgreetedsimilarly.Therefore，studyinginternationalcustomscanhelpavoidcommunicatingproblemsincross-cultures.【归纳总结】represent1)vt.代表；描绘；表现，体现，象征；声称，宣称；说明2)representsth代表某物3)representsbas/tobe…宣称某人为……4)representsthtosb向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事5)representsth/sbassth/sb把……描绘成……1.representvt.代表，象征运用根据汉语意思完成句子。⑴她代表同学们出席了这次学校会议。She________________________attheschoolmeeting.⑵我代表学校给您打电话。____________________tocallyou.representedherclassmatesIrepresentourschool同步答案⑴.⑵representedourclassrepresentsrailwaysrepresentChinesetraditionalculture(3)2curiousadj.好奇的，求知的，古怪的

(1)becuriousabout...对……感到好奇becurioustodosth.极想做某事It'scuriousthat...……很反常，……真奇怪(2)curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲；奇物from/outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone'scuriosity满足某人的好奇心withcuriosity＝curiously好奇地Hewasverycuriousaboutthepeoplewholivedupstairs.他对住在楼上的人感到好奇。①Thereporter

whethertheofficialisinvolvedinthecase.这个记者很想知道那位官员是否涉及此案。②

hedidn'ttellyou.

他没有告诉你，实在反常。③Justtosatisfymy

，howmuchdidyoupayforyourcar？我只是出于好奇，请问你买这辆车花了多少钱？iscurioustoknowIt'scuriousthatcuriosity同步答案4）Curiouslyenough.5)CA6)3.Thefirstpersontoarrive

wasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.（Page26）第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，紧随其后的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。thefirst+名词+todo第一个做…,动词不定式作定语(1)动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或者代词的后面。(2)当名词被first，second,last...以及形容词的最高级或者only等修饰时，其后可用不定式作定语。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.他是做这项工作的最好人选。—I’dliketobuyanexpensivecamera.—Well,wehaveseveralmodels_____.A.tochoosefromB.tochoose C.tobechosenSheislookingforaroomtolivein.她在寻找一间房子住。

(2)如果不定式是一个不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面要有必要的介词。Givemeapieceofpapertowriteon.给我一张纸写字。

3同步答案7）B8)BA，followedbyBB………..,followingAA在前B在后原句Tony

approached

Julia,touchedhershoulderandkissedheronthecheek.他们走近朱莉叶,摸摸她的肩,亲亲她的脸。(B4P26)例句Silentlyweapproachedthemountainvillage.我们静悄悄地朝那个小山村走去。4.approachv.

接近,靠近n.接近，方法(后接to)1）Thebestapproachtolearningaforeignlanguageisthestudyofthespokenlanguage.学习外语最好的途径是学口语。2）Withtheapproachofspring，theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer随着春天的临近，天气变得越来越暖和。3）Alltheapproachestotheairportwereblockedbythepolice.所有的通往机场的路都被警察封锁了。4）Thetimeforgraduationisapproaching.毕业的日子即将来临。运用⑴Shethoughtofanewapproach

tosolvetheproblem.（词性____；词义___________）⑵AsIapproachedthehouse,Inoticedalightonupstairs.（词性____；词义___________）走近；靠近n.v.方法；途径(3)我喜欢她解决问题的方法。Ilikeher_________theproblem.approachto同步答案9）A10)B11)A考查名词的区别。该题的意思是：这个体系被设计目的是为了给学生们快速的容易的使用图书馆电子资源的机会。Accessto的意思是：接近或使用某物的机会或权利。由以上分析可知正确答案为A。approach的意思是方法，不符合语境。

5同步答案12）toleave(asifhewasgoingtoleave)13)towelcomeher6.major______n.大多数，大部分，大多数人【观察思考】adj.1)Thisisamajorroad.2)Waterplaysamajorroleinourlife.n.HermajorisHistory.vi.ShemajoredinEnglishatShandongUniversity.【归纳总结】1）adj.主要的，重要的，大的

playamajorroleinsth在某事中起重要作用2）n.主修课程，专业课3）v.主修majorinsth主修（=specializeinsth）majoronsth专门研究（课题、文体等）majority【巩固运用】1）这是一家大跨国公司。

Thisisamajorinternationalcompany.2）Nevermind―it’snotmajor.

别担心―这不严重。3）他在大学主修法语。

HemajoredinFrenchwhenhewasatuniversity.

4）Themajority______infavorofbanningsmoking.A.areB.isC.shouldbeingD.AorB6同步答案14）majorin15)Majoringin16)major7同步答案17）rancrying18)Adashatrandom横冲直撞Becausehewascaughtinthefire,hedashedatrandomdashinto+地点冲进某地dashfor向冲去dashtodosth急奔去做某事8Not_all_cultures

greeteachotherthesameway,nor_are_theycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。

(1)notall...是部分否定，与not构成部分否定的词还有：both,every,everyone,everywhere,everybody,everything,always,entirely,wholly,altogether。

Noteverystudentpassedtheexam.

并非所有的学生都通过了考试。

NotallofuscanspeakEnglish.

并非我们都会说英语。

提示：表示全部否定的词有：none,nobody,neither,never,nothing,nowhere,noone,notatall。

(2)本句后半句是nor引起的倒装句，nor位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。

Shedoesn’tlikedance,nordoeshersister.

她不喜欢跳舞，她姐姐也不喜欢。

归纳拓展：含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装：

①含有否定意义的副词放在句首，如：not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等。

Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenasunitedasitistoday.我们国家从没像现在这样团结。②含有否定意义的连词置于句首，如：

neither...nor,nosooner...than...,scarcely...when...,hardly...when...等。

Nosoonerhadhelefthomethanitbegantorain.

他一出家门天就开始下雨。

③含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首，如：

bynomeans,innocase,onnoaccount等。

Onnoaccountmustyouacceptanymoneyagainstyourconscience.

['kɒnʃ(ə)ns]

你无论如何不能违背自己的良心而得到钱财。

[即境活用]

(2008·辽宁卷)Billwasn'thappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJohn,and______.

A．IwasneitherB．neitherwasI

C．IwaseitherD．eitherwasI答案：B解析：考查neither用于句首，倒装。9.likely/probable/possible

(1)likely强调表面上看来有可能，与probable意思接近，有时可以互换，但likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断。常用句型：

①Sth./Sb.belikelytodo...

②Itislikelythat...

(2)probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大。换句话说，probable的“有可能”，是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。

常用句型：Itisprobablethat...

(3)possible表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。

常用句型：①Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.

②Itispossiblethat...

③sth.ispossible

④asquickly/much/soon...aspossible

[应用](1)Itis_________thatitwillrain,butwithsuchablueskyitdoesn’tseem___________.

(2)Theweatheris______tobefine.

(3)Itis_________forustogetfromBeijingtoTianjininlessthananhour.

possibleprobablelikelypossible10.ingeneral=generally总的来说;通常原句

Ingeneral,though,studyinginternationalcustomscancertainlyhelpavoiddifficultiesintoday’sworldofculturalcrossroads!总的说来,在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。(B4P26)例句

Ingeneral,Iagreewithyou.总的来说,我同意你的看法。ingeneral总的来说；通常

asageneralrule一般而言；通常，总之

generallyspeaking一般而言

It'sgenerallybelievedthat...普遍认为……运用指出下列句中ingeneral的意思。⑴Womenlivelongerthanmeningeneral.⑵Theclassare,ingeneral,verybright.

通常

总的说来．avoidvt.避免；消除联想拓展Youshouldavoidbeinglateforyourclass.你不要误了上课。Itriedtoavoidansweringhim.我设法避免回答他的问题。补充1.indefence(of…)防卫；保卫

原句Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.她后退几步,看上去有些吃惊,并举起了手,好像是在自卫。(B4P26)例句Theydecidedtofight

indefenceof

theircountry.他们决心为保卫祖国而战。拓展:defend…from/against…保卫……以免受[即学即练1]。

(2)Weneedsomelawyersto____________.

我们需要几个律师为我们辩护。

(3)Weshould______thechild______harm.

我们要保护这孩子不受伤害。

(4)Theirdutyisto______thecountry______itsenemies.

他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人(入侵)。

preventdefendingdefendusdefendfromdefendagainst运用填入一个恰当的词或完成句子。⑴Shehadtodefendherself________theguarddog.⑵Thedutyofasoldieristo____________________(保卫国家).

againstdefendhiscountry2．easen.安逸；舒适vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)

atease舒适，快活，自由自在

withease轻易地，毫不费力地

feel/lookatease感到/看上去心情放松

put/setsb.atone‘sease使某人放松、松弛

takeone’sease休息，轻松一下

[即学即练6](1)Themedicine__________________.

这种药镇痛。。

(3)Hepassedtheexamination____________.

他轻松地通过了考试。

(4)Ineverfeelcompletely_________withhim.

我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在。

easedthepainofeasewitheaseatease原句Inthesamewaythatpeoplecommunicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalsoexpress

theirfeelingsusingunspoken“language”throughphysicaldistance,actionsorposture.用口头语言交流的同时,人们还使用不出声的语言—身体间的距离、动作和姿态等,来表达感情。(B4P26)5.expressvt.表达;表示n.快车;快递例句Wordscannotexpressmyfeelings.语言无法表达我的情感。expressoneself表达自己的思想(观点或感情等)giveexpressionto表达运用根据汉语意思完成句子。⑴请用特快寄这封信。Pleasesendthisletter____________.⑵那首歌表达了人民对祖国深厚的爱。Thesonggives_____________thedeeploveofthepeoplefortheirmotherland.byexpressexpressionto6.besimilarto与……相似原句:Didanystudentshave

similargreetingcustoms?有学生有类似的问候习惯吗?(B4P27)例句:Myexperienceisquitesimilartoyours.我的经历与你的十分相似。运用根据汉语意思完成句子。⑴所有的大城市都大同小异。Allbigcities___________________.⑵他的帽子和我的差不多。Hishat_____________________.arequitesimilar

issimilartomine原句Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距的程度也并不一样。(B4P26)1.nor/neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语表示前面所述的否定情况也适合于后者例句Hedoesn’tlikeEnglish,nordoI.他不喜欢英语,我也不喜欢。仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴如果你不想去,我也不想去。Ifyoudon’twanttogo,________________.willI

neither/nor

⑵我不喜欢住在闹市区,她也不喜欢。Idonotlikelivingdowntown__________________________.⑶他不能做,我也不能,你也不能,任何人都不能。Hecan’tdoit,_________,norcanyou，_________________.norcananybody

andnor/

neitherdoesshenorcanI原句Thisactionsarenotgoodorbed,butaresimplywaysinwhichcultureshavedeveloped.这些行为没有什么优劣之分,只是文化发展的方式不同而已。(SBp26)2.not…but…不是……而是……仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。他不是美国人,而是英国人。HeisnotAmerican,butBritish.例句Sheisnot

beautifulbut

honest.她不美丽,但很诚实。原句Americancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelytotouchthem.美洲国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方,而且可能会接触对方。例句Don’tworry.He

islikelyto

getintouchwithyou.别担心,他很有可能会和你联系。3.

belikelytodo很可能……,有希望……运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)他们可能会同意你的想法。(1)Theyarelikelytoagreewithyouridea.(2)天气很有可能会下雨。(2)Itislikelytorain.难句结构分析原句Theyshookhandsandthenkissedeachothertwiceoneachcheek,sincethatistheFrenchcustomwhenadultsmeetpeopletheyknow.两个人握了握手，然后在对方的面颊上吻了两下。因为在通常情况下，法国成年人见到熟人就是这么做的。(P26B4)分析句中since引导一个原因状语从句，that是从句的主语，指代上文即主句的内容；在该从句中when引导一个_________从句，在这个从句中theyknow是一个_____从句，修饰people。定语时间状语1.昨天在大街上行走时,凯特没有和我讲话,我也没有和她讲话。Yesterdaywhilewalkingonthestreet,Katedidn'tspeaktome,nordidI.2.她的性格和我很相似。2.Herpersonalityissimilartomine.3.不是我做错了事,而是她心情不好。3.ItwasnotthatIdidsomethingwrongbutthatshewasinabadmood.4.后来我试图靠近凯特,她却背对着我。4.ItriedtomoveclosetoKatelater,butsheturnedherbacktome.5.

很可能她生我的气了。Itwaslikelythatshewasangrywithme.6.这让我感到很不自在。Thismademefeelnotatease.7.我不在乎,还决定随时保护她。Ididn’tcareanddecidedtodefendheratanytime.1.昨天在大街上行走时,凯特没有和我讲话,我也没有和她讲话。

2.她的性格和我很相似。

3.不是我做错了事,而是她心情不好。4.后来我试图靠近凯特,她却背对着我5.很可能她生我的气了。6.这让我感到很不自在。7.我不在乎,还决定随时保护她。合并:Yesterdaywhilewalkingonthestreet,Katedidn'tspeaktome,

nordidI.Thiswasbecauseherpersonalitywassimilarto

mineanditwas

not

thatIdidsomethingwrongbut

thatshewasinabadmood.ItriedtomoveclosetoKatelater,butsheturnedherbacktome.Itwaslikelythatshewasangrywithmewhichmademefeelnotatease.StillIdidn’tcareanddecidedtodefendheratanytime.一、语法填空

Languagelearningbeginswithlistening.Somelinguistssaychildrenaregreatlydifferentintheamountoflistening1_____theydobeforetheystartspeaking,andlaterstartersareoftenlonglisteners.1.引导定语从句修饰前面的listening。thatMostchildren2_________(obey)spokeninstructionssometimebeforetheycanspeak,thoughtheword“obey”ishardlyaccurate3___adescriptionoftheeageranddelightedcooperationusuallyshownbychildren.2.根据句意用将来时态。3.此处意为“作为”。willobeyasBefore4______canspeak,manychildrenwillalsoaskquestionsbygesturesandbymakingquestioningnoises.Anyattempttostudythedevelopmentfrom5____noisesbabiesmaketotheirfirstspokenwordsleadstoconsiderabledifficulties.4.指后面的manychildren。5.根据其所接的定语从句可知是特指。

theytheItisagreedthattheyenjoy6________(make)noises,andthatduringthefirstfewmonthsoneortwonoisessortthemselvesasparticularlyexpressiveasdelight,pain,friendliness,andsoon.Butsincethesecan’tbesaidtoshowthebaby’s7__________(intend)tocommunicate,theycanhardlyberegardedasearlyformsoflanguage.6.根据前面的enjoy的用法可知。7.名词作宾语。makingintentionItisagreed,too,8_____fromaboutthreemonthstheyplaywithsoundsforenjoyment,andthatbysixmonthstheyareabletoaddnewwords9___theirstore.8.引导主语从句。9.根据前面的add的用法可知。thattoThisself-imitation(模仿)contributestodeliberateimitationofsoundsorwordsspokentothembyotherpeople.Theproblemthenarisesastothepointatwhichonecansaythattheseimitationscan10_____________(consider)asspeech.10.由主语可知用被动语态。beconsidered二、阅读理解技巧点拨推断短语和句子的意思，跟推断单词的意思一样,可以根据前后的因果关系、对比关系、转折关系、递进关系等逻辑关系来判断，但更重要的是要善于根据上下文的内容，结合语境理解某个短语的具体含义或某个句子的深层含义。注意：字面意义往往不是要选的答案,考查的往往是隐含意义。推断短语或句子的意思即时练习Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.Quiteoftenthereisnoofficialnamingceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeople.Thenanorganizedbodystepsinandgivestheplaceaname.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiehard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.(Ⅰ)1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard”probablymean?A.Changesuddenly. B.Changesignificantly.C.Disappearmysteriously. D.Disappearveryslowly.D由本句句意可知,特别是inmanyareas和longafterthemeaningislost等关键字眼,以及die这个词本身的意思,可以推断是“慢慢消失”的意思。Whenmonkey-pox,adiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwest,it’shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishominginonhumanbeings.…“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,”saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.

(Ⅱ)2.Whatdoesthephrase“thewake-upcall”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.…A.anewdisease B.aclearwarningC.adangerousanimalD.amorningcallB。由上文可知“猴痘是通常在非洲热带雨林里的动物身上才有的疾病,现在突然出现在人类身上”，有人建议要修改相关法律,为什么？因为猴痘给人类来带了“一种明确的警示”：有病的宠物可能会传染主人,而人类对这样的疾病知之甚少。本小题也可直接根据构词法来猜测。NotallofMom’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’tales.Afterall,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(积累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.(Ⅲ)3.Thephrase“holdwater”inthe