Unit3语法名词、there be句型 牛津译林版英语七年级上册

七上语法名词、therebe句型【学习目标】1.可数名词与不可数名词的区分2.名词变复数，不可数名词的用法3.therebe句型的用法【课前小侧】一、写出下列单词的复数形式。1.desk___________2.watch___________3.family___________4.boy__________5.photo___________6.potato__________7.radio___________8.life__________9.man_________10.policeman___________11.Englishman______________12.German__________13.sheep__________14.child__________15.tooth_______二、用Be动词的适当形式填空。1.There__________twoboxesoftoysintheroom.2.Water__________veryimportantinourdailylife.3.What__________those?4.They_________goingtohavelunchtogether.5.There________somesheeponthehill.6.There__________ablackboardonthewall.7.__________thereanywaterinthecup?8.There________aglassofmilkandtwoeggsonthetable.9.There_________threepiecesofchocolateandaglassofjuiceinthebox.三、按要求改写句子。1.Therearetwelvemonthsinayear.(改为一般疑问句）_____________________twelvemonthsinayear?2.Hehastwoballsunderhisbed.(用therebe句型改写）.______________________________________underhisbed.3.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.(改为否定句）___________________________milkinthebottle.4.Thereare56studentsintheclassroom.(对画线部分提问）________________students_____________________intheclassroom?5.Therearen’tanyapplesonthetree.(变为肯定句）._________________________________applesonthetree.【知识点详解】一、名词1.可数名词和不可数名词：可数名词有复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式。可数名词的单数往往要与不定冠词a或an连用，复数则使用其复数形式。例如：单数复数单数复数acountrycountriesapenpensaclassclassesawatchwatches可数名词的复数形式可数名词的复数形式通常在单数形式后加s或者es，其一般构成方法如下表：情况构成方法例词一般情况+sdesk—desksfriend—friendsday—daysteacher--teachers以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词+esbus—busesbox—boxeswatch–watchesbrush—brushes以辅音字母+y结尾的词y变i+esfamily—familiesfactory—factoriesparty—parties以f或fe结尾的词f/fe变vesknife–kniveslife–liveswife–wiveshalf–halves以o结尾、有生命的词+espotato—potatoestomato–tomatoeshero–heroesNegro—Negroes以o结尾、无生命的词+sradio–radioszoo–zoos单数manwomanfoottoothamanteacheranappletree复数变化单数ChineseJapaneseEnglishmanFrenchmanGerman/American复数变化单数sheepdeertrousersscissorschildmouse复数变化3.常见的不可数名词：液体类：water(水)tea(茶)milk(牛奶)orange(橙汁)juice(果汁)Cola(可乐）其它：money(钱)paper(纸)news(新闻)bread(面包)weather(天气)4.不可数名词的表示方法：abottleofwater--twobottlesofwateracupoftea–threecupsofteaapieceofbread–fourpiecesofbreadapieceofnews–fivepiecesofnews可以修饰可数名词复数的词有：manyhowmanyfewafew可以修饰不可数名词的词有：muchhowmuchlittlealittle既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词的词有：some;any;alotof=lotsof※用be的正确形式填空。1).There____somewaterinthebottle.2).There_____someapplesonthetable.注：some用在肯定句当中；any用在否定句和疑问句当中。※用some或any填空：—Isthere______waterinthebottle?—Yes,thereis_____waterintherebottle./—No,thereisn’t______waterinthebottle.二、therebe句型1.定义：Therebe句型表示某地或某时存在某物或某人，强调存在。there是引导词，本身无实际意义；be是谓语动词，be后的名词是主语。其句式变化见下表肯定式There+is/are+主语+其他（时间或地点状语）否定式Thereis/are+not+主语+其他一般疑问句及其答语Is/Are+there+主语+其他？Yes,thereis/are.No,thereisn't/aren't注意事项：

句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。Therebe是个近视眼，当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如：①There_________abirdinthetree.

树上有一只鸟。

②There_____ateacherandmanystudentsinourclassroom.

我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。③There_______twoboysandagirlunderthetree.树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。3.therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示某地或某时存在某物或某人；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。※用therebe或have的正确形式填空：1).________________abridgealongtheroadtenyearsago.2).He_____________anEnglishlessoneveryFriday.4.Therebe句型口诀：Therebe句型有特点，主语放在be后面；单数主语用is，复数主语要用are；变否定很简单，be后要把not添；变疑问也不难，把be提到there前；否定疑问any换，就近原则多多练。【课堂练习】一、写出下列单词的复数形式.1.foot__________2.child__________3.wife___________4.German__________Chinese__________6.tomato________7.zoo________8.box_____________9.Englishman________10.glass________11.brush________12.potato_______13.hero_______14.deer_______15.girlfriend____________16.mandoctor_______二、用所给名词的适当形式填空。1.Howmany____________(sheep)arethereonthehill?2.Thereissome____________(food)inthebasket.3.Thebabyhasonlytwo_____________(tooth)now.4.Thereisalotof______________(water)inthebottle.5.Therearefive____________(people)inhisfamily.6.Ihavelotsof____________(tomato).7.The____________(leaf)onthetreeturnyellow.8.The_____________(child)areplayinggamesontheplaygroundnow.9.Their_____________(dictionary)lookverynew.10.Canyougivemesomebottlesof_____________(orange),please?三、选择题。（）1.——Are

there

any

maps

on

the

wall?

——___

A.

There

are

some.

B.

Yes,

there

is.

C.

Yes,

there

is

one.

D.

No,

there

are.（）2.How

many

____

are

there

in

the

picture?

A.

woman

B.

women

C.

boy

D.

milk（）3.——Are

there

___

houses

near

the

river?

——Yes,

there

are_______.

A.

some,

some

B.

any,

some

C.

any,

any

D.

some,

any

（）4.There_________adeskandfifty-fivechairsintheclassroomA.beB.isC.areD.have（）5.There______fifty-fivechairsandadeskintheclassroom.A.beB.isC.areD.have（）6.There_______somewaterinthebottleA.beB.haveC.isD.are（）7.There_________not_________milkintheglassonthetable.

A.are,many

B.are,much

C.is,many D.is,much四、用therebe或have的正确形式填空。1.

This

desk

_________

four

legs.

2.

_________

abook

on

the

desk.

3.

Everyone

______

a

dictionary

in

my

class.

4.

__________

no

knives

in

the

room.

5.

I

_____

a

new

sweater.

6.

_________

some

flowers

and

a

desk

in

the

room.7.He_______threepens.8.__________apencilandthreepens.【总结】【家庭作业】一、选择题。（）1.Three_________

are

eating

grass.

A.

sheep

B.

sheeps

（）2.Water__________

a

kind

of

solid（液体）.

A.

is

B.

are（）3.There

is

lots

of

_____outside

our

school

now.

A.

noises

B.

a

noise

C

.noise

D.

a

noises（）4.Our

desks

and

_____are

made

of

____.

A.

chairs

；woods

B.

chairs；wood

C.

chair;

woods

D.

chair;

wood（）5.

I

want

to

buy_______.

A.

kilo

of

meat

B.

a

kilo

of

meats

C.

two

kilos

of

meats

D.

two

kilos

of

meat

（）6.______

there

a

radio

on

your

desk?

A.

Are

B.

Is（）7.

——____

there

a

map

on

the

wall?

——Yes,

there

______.

A.

Are

/

is

B.

Is

/

are

C.

Is

/

is

D.

Are

/are（）8.There

_____

two

apples,

one

orange

and

one

banana

on

the

table.

A.

is

B.

are（）9.——Are

there

_____

pictures

on

the

wall?

——Yes,thereare______

.

A.

any

/

any

B.

some

/

any

C.

some

/

someD.

any

/

some（）10.There

_____

a

pencil,

a

book

and

two

pens

on

the

table.

A.

is

B.

are二、按要求改句型。Ⅰ.将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。

1.There

is

some

water

in

the

bottle.

否定句：_________________________________疑问句：_________________________________2.There

are

many

apples

in

the

box.否定句：_________________________________疑问句：_________________________________Ⅱ.对句子划线部分提问。3.There

are

seven

days

in

a

week.

_______________________________4.

There

is

a

little

milk

in

the

glass.______________________________5.There

is

a

knife

over

there.

______________________________三、阅读理解。WeliveonEarth.It'sourhome.Buthowmuchdoyouknowaboutit?LetmetellyousomethingaboutourEarth.The

Earth

is

like

a

huge

ball.

Like

the

other

seven

planets,

theEarth

is

running

around

the

Sun.

It's

the

third

nearest

onetotheSun.

It

takes

the

Earth

about

365

days

to

run

around

the

Sun.

At

the

same

time,

the

Earth

is

going

around

itself.If

you

areinspace,you

can

see

lots

ofwhite

clouds

over

the

surface

of

the

Earth.Through

theclouds,

you

can

see

the

blue

colour

of

the

oceans,

and

the

brown

colour

of

the

land.

About

70%

of

the

Earth

is

covered

withwater.Why

do

we

have

day

and

night?

When

the

half

of

the

Earth

is

facing

the

sun,

it's

daytime.

As

theEarth

turns,

and

this

half

is

away

from