新视野商务英语综合教程 Unit 2

1整理ppt2整理pptUnitOverviewBystudyingthisunit,youareexpectedto:•learnthecommontypesofcompanystructure;•describeacompany’sstructure;•knowhowtowriteane-mailtointroduceanewcolleague.Unit2CompanyStructure3整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure4整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureTask1Task25整理pptInacompanytherearevariousdepartmentswithdifferentfunctions.Discusswithyourclassmatesthespecificfunctionofeachofthefollowingdepartments.

Task1123456Unit2CompanyStructure6整理pptTheHumanResourcesDepartment(人力资源部)isresponsibleforthemanagementofacompany’sworkforce,andoverseesthepracticesandpoliciesthataffecttheorganization’semployees.Itisresponsiblefortheattraction,selection,training,assessment,andrewardingofemployees;itoverseesorganizationalleadershipandculture,andensurescompliancewithemploymentandlaborlaws.Unit2CompanyStructure7整理pptTheCustomerCareDepartment(客户服务部),alsocalledCustomerServiceDepartment,istoattractandretaincustomers.Peopleinthisdepartmentconsultcustomersabouttheirneedsviae-mail,telephoneorinperson.Theyhandleandresolvecustomercomplaints,andconductcustomersatisfactionsurveysonaparticularproductorservice.Unit2CompanyStructure8整理pptTheMarketingDepartment(市场部)createsvalueforcustomersandbuildsstrongcustomerrelationshipsinordertogetvaluefromcustomersinreturn.Itsjobincludesidentifyingtargetcustomers,clarifyingcustomers’needs,keepingtrackofthetrendsofaparticularfield,anddevelopingproductpromotionandadvertisingactivities.Unit2CompanyStructure9整理pptTheBoardofDirectors(董事会)isveryinfluentialinacompany.Itdecidesthedirectionthecompanyheadsforandisdirectlyaccountabletotheshareholders.Eachyearthecompanywillholdanannualgeneralmeeting(AGM)atwhichthedirectorsmakeareporttotheshareholdersontheperformanceofthecompanythisyear.Unit2CompanyStructure10整理pptThePublicRelationsDepartment(公关系部)isresponsibleforgivingagoodPictureofthecompanytothepublic.Itmanagesthepublicrelationsstrategy,takescareofthecompany’srelationshipwiththemassmedia,andprovidesthepublicwithnecessaryinformationsoastomaintainagoodrelationwiththepublic.Unit2CompanyStructure11整理pptTheProductionDepartment(生产部)istoturninput(e.g.rawmaterials,labor,etc)intooutput(goods),andtoinsurethatthegoodsmeetthecustomers’needs.Unit2CompanyStructure12整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureTask2Thefollowingaresomecommonpositionsinmostcompanies.PutthemintoChinese.1.CEO(ChiefExecutiveOfficer)2.CFO(ChiefFinanceOfficer)3.SalesDirector4.PersonnelManager5.PublicRelationsManager6.ChiefAccountant首席执行官首席财务官销售总监人事经理公关经理总会计师13整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureStartingPointTextUnderstandingtheTextActivity1DealingwithLanguageFocusingOnGrammarSettingActivity214整理pptTheHRDepartmentisofferingjoborientationtothenewemployees.Onthefirstday,theemployeesgettolearnaboutdifferenttypesofcompanystructure.Setting:

Unit2CompanyStructure15整理pptStartingPointTask1Acompany’schoiceofitsstructureisusuallyaffectedbymanyfactors.Thefollowingaresome.Canyouaddsomemore?Unit2CompanyStructure1.Businessscale—howlargethecompanyis2.Staffnumber—thenumberofemployees3.Typeofownership—whoownsthecompany4.Stageofdevelopment—howwellisthecompanydevelopedundercertainstructure5.Typeofbusiness—theparticularfieldwhichthebusinessspecializesin.6.Developmentstrategy—howacompanyisgoingtopositionitselfinthemarketintermsoftheproductsorservicesitprovides.7.Targetmarket—thetargetcustomers’needs.Changesinthetargetmarketmayalsocausechangesinthecompany’sstructure.Forexample,thestructureofacompanyprovidingtravelingservicesmaydifferalotfromthatofabig-brandrestaurant.Forexample,manyfastdevelopingcompaniestendtobesmallandflexiblesothattheycanreacttochangesinthebusinessenvironmentquickly.16整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureCompanyStructure

Acompanycanbeorganizedinmanydifferentways,dependingonitsgoals.Thestructureofacompanywilldeterminethewaysinwhichitoperatesandperforms.Herearesomeofthemostcommontypesofcompanystructures.

17整理pptAnEntrepreneurialStructureismostcommoninsmallcompanies.Thecompanystructureistotallycentralized.Thismeansthattheleader,whoisusuallyalsotheowner,makesallthekeydecisions.Communicationbetweentheleaderandemployeesisviaface-to-faceconversations.Itisparticularlyusefulfornewbusinessesasitenables

theleadertocontrolgrowthanddevelopment.Unit2CompanyStructure18整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureAFunctionalStructureisbestsuitedtolargecompaniessothatcostscanbekeptlow.Employeesperformspecializedtasks.Forinstance,activitiesrelatedtoproduction,marketing

andfinancewillbeseparatedintothreedepartments.19整理pptHowever,themarketingdepartmentmightincludesales,advertisingandpromotions.Thisleadstoanefficientbusinesswherecostsarekeptlowwithineachdepartment.However,itcouldalsoleadtoalackofcommunicationwithinthecompany,makingthecompanyinflexibleandslowtorespondwhenchangesarerequired.

Unit2CompanyStructure20整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureADivisionalStructuredividesthecompanyaccordingtothetypeofwork,

region

orproduct.

Eachdivisioncontainsallthenecessaryresourcesandfunctionswithinit.Anautomobilecompanywithadivisionalstructuremighthaveonedivisionforsportscars,anotherforsubcompactcars,andathirdforsedans.21整理pptEachdivisionisresponsibleforitsproductsandhasitsownresourcessuchasfinance,marketingandequipment.Thisstructureallowsflexibilityandaquickresponsetochangesinthemarketplace.Unit2CompanyStructure22整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure

AMatrixStructuregroupsemployeesbybothfunctionandproduct.Asimpleexampleofamatrixstructurewouldbewhenindividualswithinthecompanyarebroughttogetherinordertocompleteaparticularprojectortask.Theindividualsarechosenfortheirparticularskillsandknowledgeaccordingtotheneedsoftheproject.ThestrengthoftheMatrixStructurelieswiththesharingofinformationandpersonnel.

23整理ppt

Ingeneral,ithasbecomeincreasinglyclearthatthroughforcesofglobalization,competitionandmoredemandingcustomers,thestructureofmanycompanieshasbecomeflatterandlesshierarchical.

Unit2CompanyStructure24整理ppt

公司结构

根据发展目标的不同，公司可以选择不同的组织结构。而公司的组织结构又将决定其运作经营的模式。以下是几种最常见的公司结构。Unit2CompanyStructure25整理ppt

创业型结构在小规模的公司中最为常见。创业型结构的管理是完全集权化的，这意味着所有的重要决定都是由公司的领导者，通常也是公司的所有者作出的，上司与员工之间通过面对面的谈话进行沟通。这种结构于领导者掌握公司的成长与发展的状况，对新公司尤其有利。

Unit2CompanyStructure26整理ppt

职能制结构有助于低成本运作，大型公司尤其适合。在这种结构下，员工各自执行专门的工作任务。例如，生产、市场营销和财务分属三个部门。Unit2CompanyStructure27整理ppt而市场营销部门则又可能包含销售、广告和推销工作。这样一来，各部门可以在保持低成本的前提下实现高效率运作。然而，这也会导致公司内部缺乏交流，在需要进行调整时，缺乏灵活性，反应迟缓。

Unit2CompanyStructure28整理ppt在部门制结构下，公司部门根据工作种类、区域划分或产品类型进行划分，每个部门都拥有一切必需的资源和功能。采取部门制结构的汽车公司可能会为跑车、超小型汽车和小轿车分别设立部门。Unit2CompanyStructure29整理ppt每个部门负责其特定产品，且各自拥有财政、市场和设备等方面的资源。采取这种结构的公司在面临市场调整时更加灵活，反应迅速。Unit2CompanyStructure30整理ppt

矩阵式结构依据功能和产品划分员工工作。举一个关于矩阵式结构的简单例子：为了完成某个项目或任务，根据项目需求，公司会从内部（各部门）挑选有相关技能和知识的员工（组成项目组）。矩阵式结构的优势在于它实现了内部信息和人力资源的共享。

Unit2CompanyStructure31整理ppt总而言之，在全球化的潮流下，竞争日趋激烈，消费者的需求日益增加，我们越来越清晰地看到，许多公司的组织结构正变得更为精炼简单，等级概念也越来越淡化。Unit2CompanyStructure32整理pptUnit2CompanyStructuredeterminev.规定；决定Socialstatusislargelydeterminedbytheoccupationofthemainbreadwinner.Whatdetermineswhetheryouareacareersuccessorafailure?determinationShereaffirmedherdeterminationtoovercomealldifficultiesthatwouldoccurinthedaystocome.e.g.e.g.33整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure

perform

v.

运作

Allsystemsonthespaceshuttleappeartobe

performingwell.e.g.Whenthere'ssnowandice,how'sthiscargoingtoperform?34整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurecentralizev.集权；把（权利）集中Powertendstocentralizeinthehandsofthosewhouseit.centralization

n.

集权化NowhereinBritainhasbureaucraticcentralization

proceededwithmorepacethaninScotland.e.g.Attemptstocentralizetheeconomyhavefailed.e.g.35整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureviaprep.通过；借助于Translatorscannowworkfromhome,viaelectronicmailsystems.It’seasytocheckyourbankaccountviatheInternet.prep.

经由；经过

Mr.BakerwillreturnhomeviaBelgiumandFrance.

e.g.e.g.36整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureenablev.使能够；使有机会Thegoalofthetrainingistoenableemployeestoworkasateam.e.g.

Themoneywillenableustohiremoreworkers.37整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurespecializedadj.专门的；专业的Theagencyhelpsbusinessesfillhighlyspecialized

positions.e.g.

marketingn.市场营销Holbrookhasapositioninmarketingforalargedepartmentstore.TheSpecialized

assetsdonottransfereasily.e.g.

38整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurefinancen.财政；财务；金融

Financeisusuallythebiggestproblemforstudents.e.g.v.为……提供（筹措）资金Morethan＄100,000wasdonatedtohelpfinance

Ryan'shearttransplant.e.g.Wefinancedthenewhousethroughthecreditunion.39整理pptUnit2CompanyStructuresalesn.推销活动Thoseinabusinesswhoareresponsibleforsales.e.g.ManystoreshavestartedtheirJanuarysalesamonthearly.40整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurepromotionn.促销；宣传During1984,Remingtonspentalotofmoneyonadvertisingandpromotion.e.g.n.晋升；升职CooperannouncedthepromotionofMooretovicechairman.e.g.

41整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureinflexibleadj.不易改变的Charleswasamanofsettledhabitsandinflexibleroutine.e.g.Theproposedlawispoorlywrittenandinflexible.e.g.respondv.做出反应；回应Howdidtheyrespondtoyourcriticism?Thepatientrespondedwelltosurgery.42整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurerequirev.需要e.g.Thiswillrequiresomecleardiscussionsandcarefulnegotiation.

Thejobrequiresacollegedegreeandaknowledgeofcomputers.43整理pptUnit2CompanyStructuredivisionaladj.部门的Theteamwonthedivisionalchampionship.e.g.n.部门Thecompany'sCreditDataDivisionisbasedinOrangeCounty.e.g.division44整理pptUnit2CompanyStructuredivisionaladj.部门的Theteamwonthedivisionalchampionship.e.g.n.部门e.g.Thecompany'sCreditDataDivisionisbasedinOrangeCounty.division45整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureregionn.地区；区域Snowisexpectedinmountainregions.e.g.Taxincentiveswouldbeusedtoattractfirmstotheregions,awayfromtheSouth-East.adj.地区的；区域的e.g.regionalItisnotsurprisingtofindregionalvariationsinunemployment.46整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureresourcen.(人力、财力、物力）等资源Todayweareoverpopulated,strainingtheearth'sresources.e.g.Thepoliceusedeveryavailableresourcetotrackdownthekiller.

47整理pptsubcompactn.超小型汽车PlanscallfortheSwatchmobiletobe20%smallerthanatypicalsubcompact,abletowheelintoaparkingspacesideways,costabout$10,000andreach90milesanhour.e.g.sedann.厢式小客车；小汽车A10%pricereductionforsedan-carsisforecastinthenearfuture.e.g.

Unit2CompanyStructure48整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureflexibilityn.灵活；变通Thenewsoftwarepackagecombinespowerwithmaximumflexibility.e.g.Beingself-employedallowedhimtheflexibilitytoworkunusualhours.49整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureresponsen.反应；回应Thepublicresponsetothenewmodelhasbeenverypositive.e.g.Shesaidshewaswritinginresponseto(=asaresponseto)anadinthepaper.50整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurematrixn.矩阵TheAnsoffMatrixillustratesmajorbusinessstrategieswhichhaveastrongimpactonmarketingstrategy.e.g.n.网络；网状物Birminghamhasbeendescribedasamatrixofsmallworkshops.e.g.51整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureindividualn.个体；个人Theywaitforthegrouptodecideratherthanmakingindividualdecisions.e.g.Dividethevegetablesamongfourindividualdishes.52整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureparticularadj.具体的；特定的；某一的Fatigueisaparticularproblemforwomen.e.g.n.全体职员Allpersonnelmustattendthemeeting.e.g.

Particularemphasiswillbeplacedonorallanguagetraining.personnel53整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureglobalizationn.全球化Weneedtotakeamorepositivestancetowardsglobalization.e.g.TrendstowardtheglobalizationofindustryhavedramaticallyaffectedfoodproductioninCalifornia.

54整理pptUnit2CompanyStructuredemandingadj.（人）苛求的He

foundhecouldnolongercopewithhisdemandingjob.e.g.v.

要求；需要Idemandtoknowwhat'sgoingonhere!e.g.HerbosswasverydemandingbutappreciativeofChristina'stalents.demand55整理pptUnit2CompanyStructurehierarchicaladj.等级制度的Itisaveryhierarchicalcompanyandthere'slittleplaceforindividualinitiative.e.g.n.网络；网状物Ahierarchyofideasandbeliefsinvolvesorganizingthemintoasystemorstructure.e.g.TheorderofTheRepublicthroughoutisarchitectonicandhierarchical.

hierarchy56整理pptUnit2CompanyStructuredependon视……而定；取决（于）Hedependedonhiswritingforhisincome.Admissiontotheuniversitydependssolelyonastudent’sperformance.e.g.57整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureforinstance例如Letyourchildmakesomeofthesmalldecisionsconcerninghisdailyroutine.Forinstance,allowhimtochoosewhatclotheshewearsattheweekend.OldEnglishwasinmanywayssimilartoModernGerman.

Forinstance,thenouns,adjectives,andverbswerehighlyinflected.e.g.58整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureseparateinto把……分开Thepolicewantedtoseparatethemintosmallergroups.Wallerstein’sworkcanbeseparatedintothreemaincomponentthemes.e.g.59整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureleadto导致Ethnictensionsamongtherepublicscouldleadto

civilwar.Hewarnedyesterdaythatapayriseforteacherswould

leadtojobcuts.e.g.60整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureliewith在于；取决于Inthelastanalysis,theresponsibilityforthisfailuremustliewiththechiefengineer.Thefaultdoesnotliewiththegovernmentofficials.

e.g.61整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureUnderstandingtheTextWritedowntheappropriatetypeofcompanystructureundereachchartaccordingtothetext.Task2FunctionalStructure

Entrepreneurial

Structure

MatrixStructure

DivisionalStructure62整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureTask3Answerthequestionswiththeinformationyoufindinthetext.Whichofthefourtypesofcompanystructureisthemostcommoninsmallcompanies?

EntrepreneurialStructure.Thedisadvantageisalackofcommunicationwithinthecompany,makingthecompanyinflexibleandslowtorespondwhenchangesarerequired.1.2.WhatisthedisadvantageofFunctionalStructure?63整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure3.WhatistheadvantageofDivisionalStructure?Thisstructureallowsflexibilityandaquickresponsetochangesinthemarketplace.Theindividualsarechosenfortheirparticularskillsandknowledgeaccordingtotheneedsoftheproject.InMatrixStructure,howareindividualschosentoworkforaparticularprojectortask?4.Task3Answerthequestionswiththeinformationyoufindinthetext.64整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureWorkinpairs.Supposeyouareoneoftheemployeeswhohavelearnedaboutthefourtypesofcompanystructure.Nowbrieflysummarizewhatyouhavelearnedandtellittoyourpartner.165整理ppt

Unit2CompanyStructure

EntrepreneurialStructure

Advantages:quickdecisionmakingaspoweriscentralized;timelyresponsetochanges.

Disadvantages:

notsuitableforlargerbusiness;topmanagerscarryingaheavyworkload;littleinitiativefromthestaffastheyarenotincludedinthedecision-makingprocess.Knowmore:66整理ppt

Unit2CompanyStructure

FunctionalStructure

Advantages:

employeeshavingnodifficultyin

understandingwhatisexpectedofthem;alldutiesandresponsibilitiesbeingclearlydefined.

Disadvantages:departmentsbeinglimitedtotheirdutiesand,therefore,becomingshort-sighted;alackofcommunicationwithinacompanyandslowresponsetochanges.67整理ppt

Unit2CompanyStructureDivisionalStructure

Advantages:flexibilityandquickresponsetochangesinthemarket;allowingateamtofocusonasingleproductorservice;beingabletobuildacommonculturethatcontributesbothtohighermoraleandabetterknowledgeofthedivision’sportfolio.

Disadvantages:thepossibilityofunequalallocationofcompanyresources;divisionshavingtoomuchautonomyandbeingconcernedonlywiththeirownbusiness.68整理ppt

Unit2CompanyStructureMatrixStructure

Advantages:quickresponsestochangesamonganumberofdepartments;enablingconstructivedevelopment;closercooperationandcommunicationbetweendepartmentsastheyworktowardsacommongoal;informationbeingsharedequallysodecisionscanbemadeforthebenefitofthecompany.

Disadvantages:moreexpensivetorunthebusinessbecauseofthecomplexcommunicationsystem;conflictontheallocationofresourcesbetweenlinemanagersandprojectmanagers.69整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureDealingwithLanguageTask4Matchthewordsandphrasesfromthetextwiththeirdefinitions.1.operate2.entrepreneurial3.finance4.marketing5.beseparatedinto6.flexibility7.hierarchical8.responsea.theactivityofdecidinghowtoadvertiseaproduct,whatpricetochargeforitetc.,orthetypeofjobinwhichyoudothisb.thecommercialorgovernmentactivityofmanagingmoney,debt,credit,andinvestmentc.havingthequalitiesthatareneededtosucceedasanentrepreneurd.arrangedaccordingtodifferentranksorpositionse.theabilitytochangeorbechangedeasilytosuitadifferentsituationf.toorganizeabusinessoractivity,ortocarryoutyourbusinessoractivitiesinaparticularwayg.somethingthatisdoneasareactiontosomethingthathashappenedorbeensaidh.tobedividedorsplitintodifferentpartsorlayers70整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureTask5CompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsandphrasesinTask4.Thenewpolicyofthecompanyhasprovedtobeafailedeffort.Thesalesvolumehasfallengreatly.TheDepartmentwillhelptojudgewhetheritisworthwhiletoinvestsuchalargeamountofmoneyinthisproject.MostbusinessmenherecomefromWenzhou,acityfamousforthespiritofitspeople.Thecompanyispoorlyandhasbeenlosingmoneysincelastyear.AllthememberorganizationscomewithanopenmindandarewillingtoshowtheirTheexhibitiondesignsixsectionseachspanningover20years.Inhersetofvalues,honestycomesthefirst.Wereceivedover400applicationsintoonejobadvertisement.marketing

Finance

entrepreneurialoperatedflexibility.isseparatedintohierarchical

response71整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureTask6Translatethesentences.Keywordsandphrasesareinbrackets.Face-to-facecommunicationbetweentheemployerandemployeesareusuallyadoptedinsmallbusinesses.(面对面沟通)2.Apublishingcompanywithadivisionalstructuremighthaveonedivisionfortextbooks,anotherforperiodicals,andathirdforpopculturereadingmaterials.(一个……，另一个……，还有一个……)小型企业常采取雇主与员工面对面的沟通方式。

采用部门制结构的出版公司可能会下设如下部门：教材部、期刊部以及大众读部。72整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure我想知道史密斯先生是如何对这些批评做出回应的。(respondto,criticism)3.Inthiscase,theresponsibilityofthisfailuremustliewiththechiefengineer.(在于)4.你已经长大了，不能再靠你父亲来解决这些问题。(dependon)

在这次事件中，失败的责任一定在总工程师身上。Sinceyouhavegrownup,youshouldnolongerdependonyourfathertosolvetheseproblems.IwouldliketoknowhowMr.Smithrespondedtothecriticism.Task6Translatethesentences.Keywordsandphrasesareinbrackets.73整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure2Workingroups.Mostcompaniespresenttheircompanies’

structuresonline.Searchonlineforacompany’sstructure,andintroduceittotheclass.Whilepreparingtheintroduction,remember:●noteverycompany’sstructurecanexactlymatchoneofthefourtypesinReadingA;●drawingachartcanhelptomakeyourintroduction

easiertounderstand.74整理pptUnit2CompanyStructure2Youcanorganizetheirintroductionbythefollowingsteps:Starttheintroduction●Wedliketointroduce…●Wedliketosayafewwordsabout…Showtheintroductionoutline●Theintroductionwillbemadefrom…aspects.●Ivedividedourpresentationinto…sections.Introducestepbystep

●Firstofall/First…●Then/Second…●Third…●Finally…Conclusion●Tosumup,…75整理ppt动词后缀在名词或形容词后增加后缀构成动词是一种常见的构词法。课文中出现的-ize即为常见的动词后缀，此外-ify,-en,-ate也是常见的后缀。如：modern（现代的）→modernize（使……现代化）organ（有机组织）→organize（组织起来）beauty（美丽）→beautify（使……变得美丽）horror（恐怖）→horrify（使……感到恐怖）strength（力量）→strengthen（使……有力量）hard（坚硬的）→harden（使……变得坚硬）active（活跃的）→activate（使……活跃起来）valid（有效的）→validate（确认……有效的）Samplefromthetext:Thecompanystructureistotallycentralized.Unit2CompanyStructureFocusingonGrammar76整理pptFocusingonGrammarMoreExamples-ize:mechanize,civilize,systematize,sympathize,equalize-ify:intensify,signify,amplify,identify,electrify-en:quicken,weaken,thicken,shorten,lengthen,sadden-ate:separate,operate,indicate,vibrate,hyphenate,laminate动词后缀Unit2CompanyStructure77整理pptTask7Changethenounsandadjectivesintoverbsbyaddingsuffixesinthebox.globalsimplepassiveoriginweaknormalclasspuresoft

socialstandardwideglobalizepassivizesimplifyoriginateweakennormalizeclassifypurifysoftensocializestandardizewidenUnit2CompanyStructure-ize-ify-en-ate78整理pptCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.Task81.Beforeplayingthenewgame,yourselfwiththerules.(familiar)2.Canyou

howbigthiscompanywillbeintenyears’time?(visual)3.Airpollutionwilldirectlypeople’shealth.(threat)4.Idon’tknowwhetherwestillneedtoimprovetheplan;ourbossisgoingto

ittonight.(final)5.Allthefilesontheshelvesarewelltomakeiteasiertolookthingsup.(class)6.Earthquakesfarbelowthesurface.(origin)7.Thebreadwillifyoupoursomeliquidonit.(soft)familiarizevisualizethreatenfinalizeclassifiedoriginatesoftenUnit2CompanyStructure79整理ppt被动语态叙述客观事实被动语态中动作的施动者不直接出现，句子的重心往往落在实施的动作上。所以，被动语态便于论述客观事实，常出现在科技文章、新闻报道和景物描写中。如：Whenitiscoldenough,waterwillbeturnedintoice.ManyvillagesandtownsinHunanProvincewerehitbythefloodaweekago.Samplefromthetext:

Acompanycanbeorganizedinmanydifferentways,dependingonitsgoals.Unit2CompanyStructure80整理pptFocusingonGrammarMoreExamplesOverthreethousandcivilianswerekilledinthebombingstrike.Houseswerebadlydamagedintheflood.Thisviewhasbeenchallengedbyanumberofworkers.Sofar,themoonhasbeenvisitedbyearthmenseveraltimes.Computerscanalsobeusedtoautomateshipbuilding.被动语态叙述客观事实Unit2CompanyStructure81整理pptTask9Rewritethesentencesbyusingpassivevoice.Someonestoleahugeamountofmoneyfromthebank.Peoplecanreducethelossofenergyto20percentbyusingthisnewprocess.Ageneratorcanchangethemechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.Ahugeamountofmoneywasstolenfromthebank.Thelossofenergycanbereducedto20percentbythisnewprocess.Mechanicalenergycanbechangedintoelectricalenergybyagenerator.Unit2CompanyStructure82整理pptForestsofpineandfircovertwothirdsofthisarea.

Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Peopletookawaythewoundedtohospitalimmediately,andthegovernmentsentpolicementheretocopewiththeevent.Twothirdsofthisareaiscoveredbyforestsofpineandfir.Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Thewoundedwereimmediatelytakenawaytohospital,andpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.Task9Rewritethesentencesbyusingpassivevoice.Unit2CompanyStructure83整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureTextTask2Task1

SettingTask3Task484整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureAfterexplainingthedifferenttypesofcompanystructure,theHRManagerbeginstointroducethestructureoftheircompany,thatis,thestructureofP&G.Setting:85整理pptUnit2CompanyStructureThefollowingaresomefamousbrandsofP&G.CanyoutelltheirChinesenames