生物医学U4B复习过程

生物医学U4BStructurePara.1Paras.2-4Para.5Paras.6-10Para.1communicable=contagious:

infectious区别Para.1major:ofgreaterseriousnessordangerminor:Istheconditionserious(major)orminor?oflesserseriousnessordanger病情是很严重(有生命危险)还是比较轻微？Para.1acute:havingorexperiencingarapidonsetandshortbutseverecourseattack:asuddenboutofillnessIsthepatientsufferingfromachronicproblemoracuteattack?病人的病症是慢性病还是急性发作？Para.1Isitlocalizedorwidespread?病情是局部性的，还是癌细胞已发生转移？Paras.2-4Whatisthedefinitonofsymptoms?Whatarethetwoobviousanddisturbingsymptoms?Whatarethesymptoms?Whatisthedefinitionofsyndrome?Para.2Apainthatisbearablebutpersistentisoftenlabeledanachebypatients.ache:acontinuous,butnotviolent,pain（）可以忍受但痛觉持续的疼痛，病人常称之为轻微疼痛。Para.4Sometimesapatient'svarioussymptomsfittogetherandformwhatiscalledasyndrome,agroupofsymptomsthatcollectivelyindicatethepresenceofaparticulardiseaseorcondition.有时，病人的各种症状同时发作，形成所谓的综合症，即共同提示病人患有某种疾病或问题的症候群。Para.4AnexampleofthisisReye'ssyndrome,anacute,veryseriouschildhoodillnessthatinitsfirststageischaracterizedbyabdominalpain,vomiting,severeweakness,andliverdysfunction.雷氏综合症便是这方面的一个例子，它是一种急性的、非常严重的儿童疾病，病程初期的症状是腹痛、呕吐、极度虚弱和肝脏机能不良。（）WhatisReyesyndrome？Para.5naked:invisibletothenakedeye:(oftheeyeoreare.g.)withouttheaidofanopticaloracousticaldeviceorinstrument肉眼看不到的Para.5degenerative:(ofillness)markedbygradualdeteriorationoforgansandcellsalongwithlossoffunction退行性的breakdown:weakeningorcollapseofsb'shealth衰竭,衰弱congenital:presentatbirthbutnotnecessarilyhereditary;acquiredduringfetaldevelopmentPara.5Inthiscategoryarechronicdegenerativediseasecharacterizedbythebreakdownoftissueand/ororgans(oftentheresultofaging),----在这一类别中有以组织和器官失去正常功能为特点的慢性退行性疾病（常常是衰老的结果）---Paras.5TransitionalsentenceParas.6-10Whatisthedefinitonofdrugsormedicines?Whatarethewaystotreatillness?Para.6Whetheraperson'sillnessisinfectiousornoninfectious,thereisalwayshopethatthedoctorandthepharmacistwillhavea"magicpotion"which,onceswallowed,willmakeallsignsandsymptomsofdiseasedisappearforever.不管疾病是感染性的或是非感染性的，人们总是希望，医生和药剂师会拿出“神奇的药液”，只要一喝下去，一切症状和体征都会立即消除。（）Para.8Manypatientswithheartconditionstakeaspirinonadailybasisbecauseitsblood-thinningpropertieslowertheriskofheartattack.许多心脏病患者日常服用阿司匹林，因为它有稀释血液的作用，能降低心脏病发的风险。Para.9However,manypeoplewastemoneyondrugsthatdonothelpthei