山东省临沂市2020届高三4月一模考试英语试题及参考答案

thethingsthatpenguinsliketodoYellow—Purplewasgettingalongfinewiththethingsthatpenguinsliketodoherboot，butthenDr．JenFlower，ChiefClinicalVeterinarianatMysticAquarium，heardabout3Dprintingtechnology．Shedecidedtouseittohelpbettertheboot．Luckily，MysticAquarium’sVicePresidentofEducation&Conservation，KellyMarls，knewthatMysticMiddleSchoolhadrecentlyacquireda3DSystemsprinter．Kellyreachedouttotheschoolandarrangedameeting ．SuePrince，LibraryMediaSpecialistatMysticMiddleSchool，andsevenmiddleschoolstudentsvisitedYellow-Purpletolearnwhatwasneeded，andthencontactedthesupplieroftheir3Dprinter，ACTGroup．WithACTGroup’shelp，thestudentslearnedhowtoscanYellow —Purplesexistingfootcast，thenusethatdatatocreateamoreefficientbootwithsculptingsoftware．Thefinalbootdesignwasprintedona3Dprinterusingmultiplematerials，allowingtheboottobeflexibleenoughforcomfortablemovement，yethardenoughtosupporttheinjuredtendonThestudentswerethrilledwhentheysawYellow—Purplewalkingalmostbacktonormal．Itwasagreatwaytoputscienceintopractice．CelebritieslikeAshtonKutchersharedYellow—Purple’sstoryonFacebook，inspiringmorethan1.5millioncombinedviews．．WhatcanwelearnaboutAfricanpenguins?A．Theyareverylargeinnumber．B．Theyaredangerousspecies．C．Theyarebeautifulwhenyoung． D．Theyareattractivetovisitors ．．Whocameupwiththeideaofanupdatedsupportboot?A．A．TheACTGroup． B．C．KellyMatis．．WhatpreparationworkwasdonebeforeA．Theyreachedschoolontime．problem．C．TheypaidavisittoYellow—Purple．supplies．．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?Dr．JenFlower．D．SuePrincethestudentsgottheACTGroup’shelp?．TheyheldameetingtodiscusstheD．TheycontactedtheACTGroupforA．Thedevelopmentof3Dprinting3B．Apenguinbenefitingfromhigh-techC．AnefforttoputscienceintopracticeD．AsoftwarethatcandesignCWespendathirdofouradultlivesworkingandanotherbigpartpreparingforourcareers．Historically，workwasrarelyseenasasourceofmeaningandpurpose．Duringthevastmajorityofour300 ，000-yearhumanevolution（进化），workwasinfactprettysimple．Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten．Meaningandpurposecamefromsomewhereelse，likespirituality，art，religion，orscience．Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful—isarathermodern，ifnotpostmodern，invention．Onlyonehundredyearsagoitwouldhavebeenfrequenttoseeaworkerwhoreturnedfromatypicalworkdayatafactorycomplaintotheirfolksthatthey didn’tearnmuchortheywerewornoutandraretoseethattheycomplaintheydidn’texperienceasenseofpurpose．Similarly，theideathatweoughttobringour“wholeself”toworkisaprettynovelandrecentformofcareeradvice．ItsoriginscanbetracedtoWilliamKahnwhoinventedtheconceptofemployeeengagement30yearsago．Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkrole．Someseeworkasmerelyajobandclockinandouteveryday ，withoutbringingtheirwholeselftowork．Workisjustnotacoreaspectoftheiridentity ，andtheirconceptofthemselvesisbuiltonothersocialcategorieslikemother ，husband，American，Christian，captainofthelocalsoccerteam，etc．Others，however，haveverylowpsychologicaldistancewiththeirworkrole，seeingitasessentiallyintertwined（交融的）withwhotheyare．Theydon’tjustcometowork，theyarefullydevotedtotheircareersandhaveaspiritualtypeofconnectionwiththeirjobs．Theyare，itseems，almostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholics（工作狂）mostcompanieslongfor．．Whydidwespendmuchofouradultlivesworking?A．Toprepareforfuturecareers．B．Tofindthewatersources．C．Tohelpusevolve． D．Tomakeussurvive．Whydidthewritermentiontheworkeracentury ,ago?TohelpusfindmeaningatworkToprovethattheideawasmodern.Toshowusthebadolddays.Tocomplainabouttheexperience.WhichofthefollowingmightWilliamKahnagreewith?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zEmployeeshavedifferentunderstandingsabouttheirworkrole .Everyemployeemustbringtheirwholeselftowork .Tobedevotedtoworkisaprettynovelidea .Workers'coreidentityisbuiltonartcategories .Whatkindofemployeesdomostcompaniesfavour?ThosewhoseeworkasajobThosewhoidentifywiththeirworkrole .Thosewhoarefullydevotedtotheirwork .Thosewhopossessexperience.DWearingaheadsettoplayavirtual-realitygameisfun .Asyoumoveyourheadaround,youcanseethescenefromdifferentangles .You'reinafakeenvironmentthatseemssoreal.ButthepowerofVRmaygowellbeyondentertainment.Itjustmighthelppeoplewhosufferfromlongtimeofpain ,anewstudyfinds.“IfVRcanreducesometypesofpain,itcouldbecomeanewcurewithfewersideeffectsthandrugs,“saysSamHughes,apsychologistatImperialCollegeLondon."Anditwouldbe1essexpensive.”Hughes'groupstudiesboneandmusclepain.Oneexampleissciatica.Sciaticaisaformofpaindoctorscallchronicpain,whichisdifferentfromthehurtyoufeelwhenyouhityourkneeagainstatableorputyourhandinveryhotwater.Itisfairlylong-1ivedpainandmayevenspreadfromaninitialsitetootherbodyparts.Theresearcherstestedthepain-alteringeffectofvirtualreality .Eachvolunteeracceptedsomeformoftemporarypain.Thepaincamefromaspecialcreamappliedtotheskin.Thecreamcontainedcapsaicin.ItthechemicalinhotpeppersthatburnsyourmouthTheythenshowedthevolunteersamovie.Eachvolunteerwouldseethemovietwice—oncein3D,whilewearingaVRheadset,andonceonanormal2Dscreen.Theresearchersrandomlydecidedforeachvolunteerwhethertheywatchedthe2Dor3Dversionfirst.Usingthe2DmovieasthecomparisonallowedthemtoisolatetheeffectofVRWatchingthemovieinVRreducedthepainintheskinareabetterthandidviewingthemoviein2D.VRhelpedthemtoleratemorepainintheareaofthecreamedskin.However,thatpainreductionendedafewminutesafterremovingtheVRheadsets.TheresearcherswonderedhowwellVRmightreduceothertypesofpain.What'soneoftheadvantagesofVRtoreducepain?A.It'smuchsafer. B.It'smoreconvenient.C.It'smuchfaster. D.It'smoreefficient.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordchronicmeaninParagraph3?A.sudden B.1ong-term C.1ight D.sharpWhywasthespecialcreamusedintheexperiment?A.Tofindchemicalsinhotpeppers. B.Tobringcomforttovolunteers.C.Toburnsthevolunteers'mouth. D.Tocausesometemporarypain.Howwasthetestcarriedout?A.Bygivingnumbers. B.Byusingexamples.C.Bymakingacomparison . D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LifeinDeathValleyDeathValleyisahugeplace,extendingmorethan225kilometersacrossthesouthernpartofCaliforniaintotheneighboringstateofNevada .Asbeautifulasthisplaceis,itsnameprovidesevidenceofveryrealdanger .16Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3,000metersintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley .But,duringsummermonths,theairtemperaturehasbeenashighas57degreesCelsius.17TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.InmanyareasofDeathValley,itiseasytoseewherethegroundhasbeenpushedupviolentlybymovementdeepintheEarth.Thishascreatedunusualandbeautifulrockformations,withcolorsofred,brown,gray,yellowandblack.InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater .18.MuchofDeathValleyisflatandextremelydry .Insomeareasthegroundisnothingbutsalt.However,itwouldbewrongtothinkthatnothinglivesinDeathValley. 19Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog-1ikeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.Throughouthistory,NativeAmericansfoundwaystosurviveinDeathValley.Rockartandotherremainsshowthathumanslivedinthevalleyasfarbackas9,000yearsago.Nowadays,morethanonemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.20Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolorthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolor,thenblack.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zThevalleyisfulloflife .Thesettingsunisvisitors'favorite.Imageshereseemtochangeeachminute.DeathValley,isaplaceofstrangeandsilentbeauty .DeathValleydoesn'tforgivethosewhoarenotcareful .DeathValleyisalandofbeautifulyetdangerousextremes .Theareawasdeepunderanoceanformanythousandsofyears .第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、BC、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wewalkedslowlythroughthewetgrass,oureyessearchingfortheenemy.Suddenly,machine-gunfirebrokethequiet.Wehittheground,21fromWewalkedslowlythroughtheshotsbyalowstonewall.AsIorderedtwosoldierstohelpmelocateandtheshotsbyalowstonewall22themachinegun.Iheard23 —andthenIwasonmyback“Lieutenant（ 中尉）!Lieutenant!You'vebeenhit!”onesoldiercried.Twomedicsrushedmetoanaid24.Adoctorslappedabandageonmybloodyknee;thenthemedicsdrovemetoa25fieldhospital .Theycarriedmeintoatentwheredozensof26soldierswerelinedupontheground .Iwatchedthenursesworking27thingswentblack.Whenlwokeup.Iwaslyingonabedwearingnothingbutablanket.“Wakeup,Lieutenant!”anurseshouted."You'vegottogetonaplane-you're28toahospitalinEngland!"I29.Allmyworldlypossessionslayinamountainousheapofequipment.Icouldreplaceeverything30thephotoofmynewbride,Ellen,whichIalwayscarriedwithme."I'mnotgoinguntilIgetmywife'spicture."Isaid."It'sinthegasmaskcoveryou31fromme."Iknewthenursecouldmakemego,32insteadshesaid,"OK,I'11seeifIcanfindit."thenranouttosearchthroughthe33.Timestoodstilluntilfinallyshecamerunning34back."I'vegotit!”sheshouted,wavingthepictureinherupraisedhand .Thatphotograph35methroughtoughtimes.Now-69yearslater-itsitsonmybedsidetable21.A.escapedB.shelteredC.removedD.prevented22.A.knockoutB.searchforC.stayawayD.runtowards23.A.athunderB.ascreamC.acrashD. anexplosion24.A.schoolB.stationC.programD.advisor25.A.ruinedB.famousC.nearbyD.advanced26.A.woundedB.braveC.deadD.cured27.A.becauseB.thoughC.afterD.before28.A.drivingB.connectingC.flyingD.engagingA.hesitatedD.whisperedA.withB.opposedB.byC.C.panickedforD.except

A.tookawayB.carriedoutbackA.so B.A.tentsA.breathlesslyA.tookawayB.carriedoutbackA.so B.A.tentsA.breathlesslyD.mysteriouslyA.benefitedD.challengedand C.orB.hillsB.disappointedlycomfortedclearedup D.keptbutC.piles D.bedsC.nervouslyC.reminded第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“There'snoplacelikehome."ThisEnglishsayinghasmuchtruthinit ：thebestplace36(surround)byourlovedonesandwitharoofoverourhead.Andformanyyoungadults,it'stheonlyaffordableplacetostay:somewherewheretheycanreceivefirst—classservice37_mumanddad.Butthiscomesataprice!Insomecountries.it'squitetraditionalforpeopleintheirlate38,butinotherplaces(teen)andearly20stoliveathomewiththeirparents,butinotherplacesflyingthenesttostarttheirown39(depend)lifeisverydesirable .Withoutcomplaining,youcancomeandgo40youwish.Butthere'sbeenagrowingtrend,intheUKatleast,foryoungpeopletoreturnhometolive-ornottoleavehomeata11.Accordingtoasurvey,aboutaquarterofyoungadults41(age)20-34liveathome,andthatfigurehasbeengrowing.Manyreturningadultchildrenenjoyhomecomforts.Theseincludecookedmeals,afullfridgeandcleaning,aswellastheirbillsbeingcoveredbywhatis42 _(common)called“thehotelofmumanddad”.Butfortheahoteliers”,mumanddad,thesurveyfoundtheaveragecosttothemhasgoneupsharply,andthattheyaresacrificingluxuriesandholidays43(look)aftertheir “bigkids".Withparentsspendingaround£1,886ontakeawayfood,44(buy)newfurniture,it'seasyfortheandupgradingtheirWi-Fiforthebenefitoftheirchildrenreturningchildrentoputtheirfeetupandmakethemselvesathome.That'sbefore,it'seasyforthetheylearn45hometruth-thatonedayitmightbetheirownkidswho'1 1becheckingintothehotelofmumanddad!第三部分写作（共两节，满分 40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华，你的美国朋友 George在纽约所住的小区中有多人感染新冠病毒而发病。请你给他写一封邮件安慰他并告知注意事项。注意：1．词数80左右：．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；．参考词汇：新冠病毒 novelcoronations。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。ItwasGross’sideatogointoTorngatMountainsNationalParkinCanada ’sArctic．Onlyafewhundredpeoplewenttotheparkeachyear，andGrosswantedtobepartofthatclub．Chasedid，too，butsheworriedabouthikinginpolarbearcountry．TwoSierraClubguidesweretheleaders．Gross，then60，workedforahousingnonprofitinSanFrancisco．Chase，59，amedicalconsultantfromNorthCarolina．Thepairhadguided13tripstogether．JoiningthemwereLarry，63，aNewYorkCitylawyer；Frankel，65，anexercisephysiologist（生理学者）fromOregon；Dyer，48，alegalaidlawyerfromMaine；andIsenberg，55，aphysicianfromArizona．Chase’shusband，Mendez，63，aquality—improvementconsultant，wouldbejoiningthemaswell．OnSunday，July21，2013，afloatplanecarryingtheClubpartywentdowntowardtheeasternshoreoftheTorngats．Thefirstthingthegroupdidwassetupcamp150yardsfromtheshore．At4a．m．， Mendezsteppedoutofhistent—andsawthattheyweren’ talone．“Polarbearonthebeach!” heyelled ．A motherandhercub（崽）werewalking alongtheshoreintheearly-morninglightOverdinner， they laughed，sharingstoriesoftheir past trips and livesbackhome．Theydidn’ ttalk muchaboutthebearthatwasobserving them ． Itseemedalmostlikeapieceofthelandscape —justanotherdetailintheimpressivesetting．Mendezfeltreassuredbytheirbearinteractionsthatday ．Themotherandcubweren’tinterestedinthem．ButDyercouldn’tshakehisunease．“Whydon’twepostawatch?”heasked．ButGrosswasn’tworried．“That’swhatthefencei