英语专业四级语法分析

专四语法专四题型、时间、分值比例题型时间数量分数PartIDictation15min115PartIIConversations20min3015PassagesNewsPartIIIClose15min2010PartⅣGrammar&Vocabulary15min3015PartⅤReadingComprehension25min2020PartⅥComposition35min115Note10min110语法题目特点、比重1.51-65题2.用时7.5分钟3.易-难

语法命题新趋势难度大幅度降低，基本上不再有偏题、怪题。对语法辨认（语法术语）的考查加强。近三年语法题目统计201020112012基本术语1.62.632.64.651.62.64.虚拟语气606154.状语从句54.55非谓语动词65反义疑问句5754名词性从句51.63情态动词5255.60Myuncleisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnolongertheman__hewasfifteenyearsago.2011/51A.which B.whomC.who D.thatFacingtheboardofdirectors,hedidn’tdeny___breakingtheagreement.2013/51A.him

B.it

C.his

D.itsMybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments__tohimbeforelunch．2012/54．A．besentB．weresentC．weretobesentD．mustbesentWhichofthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?2013/53.A.Nonsmoker

B.Deadline?

C.Meanness

D.MisfitWhichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?2013/54A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o''clock?

B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.

C.Walkstraightahead,anddon''tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.

D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.

Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause(主语从句)?2011/60A.Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime.B.Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear.C.Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning.D.Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays.

Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanappositive(同位语)?2012/53A，Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress．

B．ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary．

C．Ihavenothingtosayformyself．

D．Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface．语法的核心1.语法意识2.语法分析3.语法技巧Evenanendwhichitwouldbenobletopursueifitwereattainedmaybepursuedunwiselyifitisinherentlyimpossibleofachievement.语法策略1.扎实掌握基本语法术语2.熟悉专四语法基本考点3.做真题、多思考、找规律语法学习要求真题（2004--2013）

1.1上外出版

1.2以2009-2013真题为主

1.3效果：会背、会解释2.单项练习

《英语专业四级语法新思维30天速成胜经》3.合理安排时间语法辨认一、词性术语功能Whichofthefollowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeplacedbeforebothsingularcountnounsandpluralcountnouns?2012、52A．manyaB．fewC．thenextD．suchWhichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanappositive(同位语)?2012/53A，Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress．

B．ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary．

C．Ihavenothingtosayformyself．

D．Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface．二、成分术语：主、谓、宾、状、补、定、同位语等功能做题技巧：弄清术语—分析结构—比较选项Inthesentence“It‘snousewaitingforher”,theitalicizedphraseis2010/61theobjectB.anadverbialC.acomplementD.thesubjectWhichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectcomplement?2010/63A.ThedirectorsappointedJohnmanager.B.IgaveMaryaChristmaspresent.C.YouhavedonePeterafavour.D.SheisteachingchildrenEnglish.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisusedasanobject?2011/58A.Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtoher?B.Whodoyouthinkthevisitingprofessoris?C.Howmuchdoyouthinkheearnseverymonth?D.Howquicklywouldyousayhewouldcome?Whichofthefollowingprepositionalphrasescanfunctionasanadverbial?2012、62A．Despiteoftherain,everyoneenjoyedthetrip.B．Themanwithabeardistalkingtothemanager.C．Everyprecautionwastakenagainstthefailureoftheplan．

D．AreyousureofSimon'sdisappearance?Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanappositive(同位语)?2012/53A，Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress．

B．ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary．

C．Ihavenothingtosayformyself．

D．Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface．2011；652012；57、58、59.64三、功能1、语气功能2、语法功能WhichofthefollowingsentencesisaCOMMAND?2011、52A.Begyourpardon.B.Haveagoodtime.C.Neverdothatagain!D.Whatnoiseyouaremaking!ThesentencethatexpressesOFFERis2011.64A.I’llgetsomedrinks.What’llyouhave?B.Doessheneedtobookaticketnow?C.MayIknowyourname?D.Canyoureturnthebooknextweek?Whichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesindicatespurpose?2011、53A.Shesaiditforfun,butotherstookherseriously.B.Forallitseffort,theteamdidn’twinthematch.C.Lindahasworkedforthefirmfortwentyyears.D.HesetoutforBeijingyesterday.Inphraseslikefreezingcold,burninghot,orsoakingwet,the–INGparticipleisused2011、55A.asacommand.B.asacondition.C.forconcession.D.foremphasis.2010.512011.642012.55四、句子类型、语法关系Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause(主语从句)?2011.60A.Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime.B.Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear.C.Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning.D.Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays.Whichofthefollowingcontainsanadverbialclauseofcause?2012.61A．IgotajobassoonasIleftuniversity．

B．Astherewasnoanswer,Iwroteagain．

C．YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou．

D．Wealthyasheis，Markisnotahappyman．非谓语动词

一、形式：动词不定式;现在分词;过去分词;动名词

二、功能：一个句子当中，已经存在谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下，需要非谓语动词来修饰句子的其他成分。三、命题特点:

1.非谓语动词的否定式；2.动词不定式的各种形式及应用；3.-ing结构、-ed结构的语法功能；（P136）4.非谓语动词的固定结构或习惯用法等。四、解题思路：

一、首先抓住主谓结构确定主句、没有连接词、只有一个主语二、分析主动被动分析语态就是在确定主语之后，分析非谓语动词和主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。三、分析动作先后要考虑动作发生的时间先后，即时态。Ifnot____withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.04.55A.beingtreatedB.treatedC.betreatedD.havingbeentreated(04.76)

All

flights

_____

because

of

the

snowstorm,

we

had

to

take

the

train.

A.

having

canceled

B.

had

been

canceled

C.

were

canceled

D.

having

been

canceled

(05.61)What’sthechanceof_____ageneralelectionthisyear?therebeingB.theretobeC.therebeD.theregoingtobe(02.56)AIDSissaid_____thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsintheregion.A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen独立主格

1.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat______byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.a.isb.beenc.bed.being2.Time______,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.a.permitb.permittingc.permittedd.permits3.There____nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.a.tobeb.tohavebeenc.beingd.be

4._____nocauseforalarm,theoldmanwentbacktohisbedroom.Therewasb.Sincec.Beingd.Therebeing5.Thecountry’schiefexportsarecoal,carsandcottongoods,cars______themostimportantofthese.havebeenb.arec.beingd.arebeingas的用法as可以作连词、介词及关系代词和副词。1.as作连词作“在…期间，当…的时候”引导时间状语从句eg：

Astimewenton/by,shebecamemoreandmorebeautiful.Aschildrengetolder,theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedineverything.一、连词2.As=Since作“既然”、“由于”解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。eg:Ashe’sbeenillforages,Iwillhelphim.As/Sinceyou'renotfeelingwell,youmaystayathome.Ashewasn'tready,wewentwithouthim3、As=inthewaythat“像”、“按照…的方式”,引导方式状语从句。eg:DoasItoldyou.Remember,youmustdoeverythingasIdo.4、用于as…as或not/so/as…as中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。(book3,unit7)eg:Theyhelpedtheoldasmuchaspossible.Idon'tspeakEnglishso/aswellasshedoes.5、表示虽然,尽管等,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,模式为:

adj./adv./n.+as+主语+谓语+主句。eg:Youngasheis,heknowsmuch.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.Girlasshewas,shewasverybrave.

1.表示好像。如:Hedressedasapoliceman.2.表示作为当作。eg：Ifoundajobasaguide.3.当某人是某身份时。

eg：Asachild,shewassenttoabroad.

二、as作介词的用法.4.as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为"作为";少数情况可引起宾语补足语。

eg:AsaPartymember,I'lltaketheleadineverything.(状语)Sheworksasamodel.(状语)Shehasmeasoneofherbestfriends.(宾语补足语)1.引导非限制性定语从句,表示正如,这一点，位置灵活

.eg:Heisverycareful,asweallknow.Asiswell-known,TaiwanbelongstoChina.

As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

三、as作关系代词2.当先行词被thesame,such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。eg:Suchaclevergirlasshecanlearnanythingquickly.Iwasreadingthesamebookasheboughtyesterday.

1.表示与…等同。eg：Thisdressistwiceasexpensiveasthatone.2.像，如等。eg：Asbefore,heremainedunmoved.

Suchanimalsasfoxesandsquirrelshavebushytails.四、作副词的用法suchas与assuch的区别assuch的用法(1)表示“按照某词通用的词义”“根据某词严格的词义”。eg：It’snotanagreementassuch,butitwillhavevirtuallythesameeffectasone.就协议的词义而言，它算不上是协定，但实际上起到了协定的作用。

Ican’tcallmybookabestsellerassuchbutit’sverypopular.我不敢说我的书是畅销书，但可以说很受欢迎。(2)表示“就本身而论”。eg：Moneyassuchwillseldombringhappiness.

金钱本身很少带来幸福。

Money,assuch,doesnotbringhappiness.金钱本身并不给人带来快乐。(3)表示“以某种身份(或资格)”“像所指的人(或事物)那样”。

eg：Sheisakindwomanandisknownassuch.

她是位好心肠的女人，这是大家知道的。

Heistheauthorofthearticle,buthedoesnotdesiretobeknownassuch.他是文章的作者，但他不想让人知道他是作者。than的用法than可以作介词、连词一、than作介词：用于名词、代词前表比较二、than作连词WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan_______EasternNebraska.(1996)inB.itreceivesinC.doesD.itdoesinTheindoorswimmingpoolseemstobeagreatmoreluxuriousthan_______.(1998)isnecessarybeingnecessarytobenecessaryD.itisnecessaryThereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan______inthepublicmindtoday.(1999)existsB.existC.existingD.toexistTheexperimentrequiresmoremoneythan_______.(2002)A.havebeenputinB.beingputinC.hasbeenputinD.tobeputinThelessth