2018年福建高考英语试卷

2018年福建省高考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来问答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C£9.15.答案是C。(★)WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?WatchaTVprogram.Giveatalk.Writeareport.(★)Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?She,sgenerous.She,scurious.She,shelpful.OWhendoesthetrainleave?At6：30.At8：30.At10：30.(★★)Howdoesthewomangotowork？Bycar.Onfoot.Bybike.(★★)Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Classmates.Teacherandstudent.Doctorandpatient.第二节(每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.(★★★)听第6段材料，回答下列各题.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.Droppingoutofcollege.Changinghermajor.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?Ecology.Education.Chemistry.(★★★)听第7段材料，回答下列各题.Whatistheman?Ahotelmanager.Atourguide.Ataxidriver.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?Lookingforsomelocalfoods.Showingheraroundtheseaside.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.(★★★)听第8段材料，回答下列各题.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B．Athome．C．Atarestaurant．Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C．Workextrahours．WhoisAlicegoingtocall?Mike.Joan.C．Catherine．(★★★)听第9段材料，回答下列各题.(1)Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?Tolookatanapartment.Todeliversomefurniture.C．Tohaveamealtogether．(2)Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A．Itscolor．B．Itsdesign．Itsquality.(3)Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?It,sagoodsize.It,snewlypainted.C.It,sadequatelyequipped.(4)Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?AGodowntownTalkwithherfriend.Makepayment.(★★★)听第10段材料，回答下列各题.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.Newsreporters.Collegestudents.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A．Beforehelefthishometown．B．AfterhecametoAmerica．C.Whenhewas15yearsold.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?He,sproud.He,ssympathetic.He,sgrateful.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A．Howeducationshapedhislife．Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分阅读理解(共两节)第一节(满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.(★★)Duration：3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!Duration： 3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.Duration： 3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.Duration： 3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,DC.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance? _ACherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour? _DA．Meetfamouspeople．B．Gotoanationalpark．C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide? _DA．Citymaps．B．Cameras．C．Meals．D．Safetylights．12．(★★★) GoodMorningBritain,sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget．InSaveMoney：GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe,sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe,slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam, 14,Finn, 13,andJack, 11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,''sheexplains,"Ipay£5foraportion(一份)，butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe,renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系歹U节目)，SaveMoney：GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV,sSaveMoney：GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense.SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight,sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily,slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?BA.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?CA.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.Hepreparesfoodforherkids．C．Heassistsherincookingmatters．D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?CA.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C．Addsomebackgroundinformation．D. Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?DA.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess(★★) Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing．Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother．Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber．Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,andlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover．Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven．Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages；theAmericasabout1,000；Africa2,400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld,slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat．Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark)：noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?BA.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns．D.Theywerecloselyconnected.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2?CA．Complex．B．Advanced．C．Powerful．D．Modern．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?BA.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?CA.Newlanguageswillbecreated.People,slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.14．(★★★) Wemaythinkwe,reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That,sbadnewsfortheenvironment-andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007．Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn,tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids,room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,“saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We,renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt,steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution(解决方案)？Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction，suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices? _ATheyareenvironment-friendly.Theyarenobetterthantheold.Theycostmoretouseathome.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbitt,steamconducttheresearch? _DA．Toreducethecostofminerals．B．Totestthelifecycleofaproduct．C．Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology．D．Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices．Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy? _BThebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.(4)Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices? _AA.Stopusingthem.Takethemapart.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.第二节(每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。15.(★★★)Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou,llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou,lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat,sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?(1) _B,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.(2) _A,theycangetalittlecomplex．Butgoodnewsisthatthere,rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome：thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones．

(3)D.They,rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves. (4)G.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou,relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant. (5) FWhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou,relookingforIfyou,reexperimentmgwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe,remostfamiliarwithIt,snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.16.(★★★★★)Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"free"course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I(1)Btheideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn,twantto(2)Cafewdollars?Morethanthat,I,dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren,t(3)Aenoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour(4)Dwasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which(5) _D Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame,s(6)C.Icouldhardlywaitto(7)Bhim.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis(8)Dwasnogameforhim；hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit(9) C thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto(10)Btheclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto(11)Cwhatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,(12)andlearnedlifeA,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat(13)Clessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe(14)andlearnedlifeI,mstillputtingtousewhatheTenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I,mstillputtingtousewhatheDthatyoulearnwhen(15) _A me："Theabsolutemostimportant(16)youplaychessishowtomakegood(17)BDthatyoulearnwhento(18)A asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingand(19)D thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions."Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy(20)asajournalist．inmy(20)asajournalist．(1)A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedout D.turneddown(2)A.(3)A.wasteB.excitedB.earn C.saveworried C.D.paymoved D.tired(4)A.title B.competitorC.textbook D.instructor(5)A.urged B.demandedC.held D.meant(6)A.fastestB.easiest C.best D.rarest(7)A.interviewB.meetC.challenge D.beat(8)A.chance B.qualificationC.honorD.job(9)A.real B.perfect C.clear D.possibleA.attend B.passC.skipD.observeA.add B.exposeC.applyD.compareA.eventually B.naturallyC.directlyD.normallyA.game B.presentationC.courseD.experimentA.criterion B.classroomC.departmentD.situationA.taught B.wroteC.questionedD.promisedA.fact B.step C.mannerD.skillA.grades B.decisionsC.impressionsD.commentsA.analyze B.describeC.rebuildD.controlA.announce B.signal C.blockD.evaluateA．role B．desire C．concern D．behavior第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.(★★★)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears(1)longer(long)thannon-runners.Youdon,thavetorunfastorforlong(2) tosee(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof(3)dying(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan,tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit(4)is(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife(5) than walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014(6)that/whichshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall(7) causes (cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise••it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto(8)strengthen (strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit,s