英语句子成分分析高级

句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语1.

I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语

㈠主语（subject）

句子说明的人或事物

Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.（名词）

（代词）（数词）（不定式）（动名词）（名词化的形容词）（句子）找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Seeingisbelieving.

Toseeistobelieve.

Helikesdancing.

Whatheneedsisabook.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（名词）

（代词）（数词）（动名词）

（不定式）（句子）(名词化的形容词）（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）㈡谓语

说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill.Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancingShowyourpassport,please.Shedidn'tsayanything.Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（名词）

(

代词）(数词)(名词化的形容词)(三)宾语

动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语（不定式）（动名词）（句子）宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.Hegaveme

somebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语●pleasepassme

thebook.●Heboughthisgirlfriend

someflowers.（四）表语在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有:be(am,is,are,were,was)状态：seem,appear,prove---感官：smell,feel,taste,sound,look变化：become,get,turn,go,come,grow持续：remain,stay,keep,在系动词后的部分就是表语Thewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.I’mnotquitemyselftoday.Thatremainsapuzzle.Idon’tfeelatease.（五）定语

修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句

Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54studentsinourclass.DoyouknowBetty’ssister?Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.Hisspokenlanguageisgood.(形容词)(名词)(数词)(名词的所有格)(现在分词)(过去分词)定语后置：如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejust

now?（六）.状语(adverbialmodifier)：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。

1)Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）2)Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）3)Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentrance

examination.（不定式短语）4)Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）5)Waitaminute.（名词）6)Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语有如下10种：

1)Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间）2)Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseofthe

rain.（原因）3)Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（条件）4)MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点）5)Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式）6)Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随）7)Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.

（目的）8)Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果）9)Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（让步）10)Iamtallerthanheis.（比较）Ifoundthebookinteresting.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Hemadehimselfknowntothem.（六）宾语补足语

有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,let.

Sheaskedmetolendherahand.(七)同位语位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况

Weyoungpeopleshouldrespecttheold.Hehimselfwilldotheexperiment.Heistheoldestamongthemfour.Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthe

game.名词代词数词从句指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分

1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.Hetookmanyphotosofthepalaces

inBeijing.8.Thereisgoingtobe

anAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分

11.Hemanaged

tofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,

readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.Thankyou!

人称代词

I我you你he他she她they他们me我（宾格）you你（宾格）him他（宾格）her她（宾格）them他们（宾格）物主代词

my我的his他的your你的（your你们的）their他们的her她的指示代词

this这that那these这些those那些反身代词

myself我自己himself他自己the