山东省临沂市苍山县第二中学2022年高一英语上学期期末试题含解析

山东省临沂市苍山县第二中学2022年高一英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Themanagermeant____theworkersthatbeing5minuteslatemeant____thecompany.

A.totell,toleave

B.telling,leaving

C.totell,leaving

D.telling,toleave参考答案：C略2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.it

B.that

C.what

D.which参考答案：D3.Thedecisionwillbemadeatthemeetingtobeheldaroundtwointheafternoon______thesportsmeetingwillbeputoff.A.when

B.whichC.whether

D.that参考答案：D考查同位语从句。同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。此处同位语从句连接词that连接的从句是对前面的抽象名词decision进行的解释。故选D。4.Theteacheraskedustoreadthetext________secondtimetofind________topicofthetext.A

a;the

Ba;

a

Cthe;the

Dthe;/

参考答案：A5.Bobranthe100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseen________thisyear.A.thebest

B.better

C.themost

D.more参考答案：B6.Theyoungmanactedstrangelyduringtheinterview.Hemadeabad

ontheemployer.A.impression B.expression C.experience D.opinion参考答案：A7.BecauseoftheGreatLakes,Canadahasmorefreshwaterthan______countryintheworld.A.any

B.anyother

C.theother

D.others参考答案：B8.ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom_______intheSouthChinaSea.A.attacking

B.havingattackedC.beingattacked

D.havingbeenattacked参考答案：C略9.---Mary,youlookconfused.Haveyoumadesenseofthepoemwearetalkingabout?

---Yes,I_______anotherproblemjustnow.

A.thoughtof

B.hadthoughtof

C.havethoughtof

D.wasthinkingof参考答案：D10.Childrenareoftenfullof__________andtheytakegreatinterestineverything.A.concern

B.purpose

C.curiosity

D.strength参考答案：C11.Wearegoingtotakethehigh-speedtraintoXi’antomorrow,soanearlyarrivalatthestation_________.A.advises

B.isadvisedC.isadvising

D.wasadvised参考答案：B考查被动语态。根据Wearegoingtotakethehigh-speedtraintoXi'antomorrow，soanearlyarrivalatthestation____________．句意：明天，我们要乘高铁去西安，所以被建议提前到车站．可知主语anearlyarrival是动作的承受者，与动词advise构成被动关系，应该用被动语态．根据句意，可知讲述的是现在的建议情况，应该用一般现在时态．一般现在时的被动语态的构成：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词．主语anearlyarrival，是第三人称单数，所以应该是isadvised，故选：B．12.Mymotheroftentellsmenotto________thebusuntilitstops.A．getoff

B．takeoffC．keepoff

D．setoff参考答案：A考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我妈妈经常告诉我直到公共汽车停下来再下车。getoff下车；逃脱；takeoff(飞机)起飞；脱下；keepoff远离；避开；setoff动身，出发。故选A项。13.OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A.which B.that C.when D.where参考答案：D14.Youcanstopto_____yournoteswhilemakingaspeech.A.referto

B.lookforC.lookforwardto

D.replyto参考答案：A动词词组考查题。A.referto“参考，涉及”

B.lookfor“寻找”C.lookforwardto“盼望”D.replyto“答复”“在演讲时你可以停下来参看你的笔记。”15.MyunclearrivedonaWednesday,__________Iwasverybusy.A.when

B.where

C.which

D.why参考答案：A16._______thetowerbuilding，whereyoucanseethewholecity．A.Standingonthetopof

B.IfyouclimbtoC.Whenyoureachthetopof

D.Gettothetopof参考答案：D略二、新的题型17.Weallneedphysicalexercise.Exerciseusesupextrafatandalsokeepsthebodyfullofenergy.Ifyouexerciseseveraltimesaweek,youwillstayhappyandhealthy.SomeWesterncountries,suchastheUnitedStates,haveproblemswithexercise.IntheUS,manypeopledon'thaveenoughexercisebecauseitishardforthem.Peoplehavetoworkfrommorningtolateafternoon,sotheydon'thavetimetotakeexercise.Mostwesternerslivetoofarfromtheirhomestotheiroffices.Theyhavenochoicebuttodrivetowork.Infact,somehavetodriveoneortwohourstotheiroffices.Thisisnotgoodintwoways.First,thesepeopledon'thaveachancetoexercisebecausetheyaresittingintheircarsfortwotofourhourseachday.Second,drivingischallengingespeciallyinrushhoursandneedstoomuchattention.Itmakesapersonverytired.So,whenthesepeoplearrivehomeatnight,theydon'twanttotakeexerciseafterwork.Today,manypeopleintheWestareoverweight,whichcauseshealthproblemsforthem.Somanypeoplearetryingtogetmoreexercise.Butittakestimetochange,andwhenpeopledon'tseeadifferencerightaway,theywillloseconfidenceandstopexercising.阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，每空一词。TitleWesterners

needexercise.The_______46_______thatpeoplecangetfromexerciseHelpheavypeopleloseweight.Keepyou_______47_______.Helpyoustayhealthyandhappy.The_____48_____peoplehaveinexercisingSomepeopleatworkaretoobusytoexercise.Drivingtoworkistoo______49______forthemtoexercise.ThewrongattitudetoexercisethatsomepeoplehaveSomewouldbe__________50__________

iftheydon’tseeadifferenceinashorttime.参考答案：46.advantages

47.energetic

48.difficulties/problems

49.tiring

50.unconfident/impatient我们需要身体锻炼，锻炼消耗完多余的脂肪，并且使身体充满精力。46.归纳题：右边的是锻炼的好处，可知此处填advantages

47.原词重现：从第一段的句子：Exerciseusesupextrafatandalsokeepsthebodyfullofenergy.Ifyouexerciseseveraltimesaweek,youwillstayhappyandhealthy.可知答案是energetic48.根据第二段中haveproblemswithexercise.IntheUS,manypeopledon'thaveenoughexercisebecauseitishardforthem.可知在锻炼中有困难。可知答案为difficulties/problems49.根据第三段中drivingischallengingespeciallyinrushhoursandneedstoomuchattention.Itmakesapersonverytired.So,whenthesepeoplearrivehomeatnight,theydon'twanttotakeexerciseafterwork.可知司机开车太累，而不愿锻炼。此空的答案为tiring

50.词义归纳题：从最后一段的句子：whenpeopledon'tseeadifferencerightaway,theywillloseconfidenceandstopexercising.可知oseconfidence是unconfident/impatient三、阅读理解18.Humanbeganfarmingaround12,000yearsago,andonlyinthepast50yearshavescientistsrealizedwe’renottheonlyspeciestoresearchintoagriculture.AnewstudyhasrevealedthatasmallFijianantspeciesbeatustobecomingthefirstfarmersbyalmostthreemillionsyears.Theantshavebeenobservedcarefullysowingseeds,fertilizing(施肥)them,andwaitingforthemtogrowintoplantswhichbeartastyfruit.Whatledtotheformationofthisrelationshipremainsamysterytoscientists.Butitputstheantsmillionsofyearsaheadofthefirsthumansocietiestousefarmingtechniques.Thenewlydiscoveredrelationshipisuniquetotheanimalkingdom.Researcherssaytheyhavealreadywatchedantsspreadseeds,andantsfeedplants,buttheyneverhadacasewheretheyfarmaplanttheycan’tlivewithout.Theantsrelyontheplantsforshelterandfood,whiletheplantsneedtheantstosowandspreadtheirseeds.Thefindputstheantsmillionsofyearsaheadofthefirsthumansocietiestousefarmingtechniques,whobeganusingagriculturearound12,000yearsago.Astheplantsgrowunderthecareoftheants,theplantstokeepfurthergrowth.Oncetheplantisbigenough,itshollowchambersprovideshelterfortheants.Ithadpreviouslybeenspottedthattheantsliketoliveinthesesmallchambers,buttheMunichresearchershaveuncoveredthetruenatureoftherelationshipthatantssowandtakecareoftheplantstogrowthemselvesanewhome.Theantswilleatthefruitoftheplantandharvesttheirseedsforfurtherprojects.Whilemanyotherexamplesofmutually(相互地)beneficialrelationshipsbetweenantsandplantsexist,thediscoverymarkstheonlycaseinwhichbothpartiesotherforaretotallydependentoneachothersurvival.12.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.Howhumansstartedfarmingattheverybeginning.B.Fijianantsalsohavetheknowledgeoffarming.C.Scientistswatchedantsdevelopfanning.D.Fijianantsstartedfanningmillionsofyearsearlierthanman.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“care”inParagraph5referto?A.Developinghollowchambers.B.Eatingthefruitoftheplants.C.Fertilizingtheplants.D.Harvestseedsforthefuturefanning.14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Ants’realpurposeisgrowinghomeforthemselves.B.Plantscannotgrowwellwithoutants’care.C.Humanslearnedfanningtechniquesfromants.D.Plantsprovideshelterforantsinreturnfortheirhelp.15.Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inasciencefictionbook.B.Inanagriculturereport.C.Inascientificreport.D.Inahistorytextbook.参考答案：12.D

13.C

14.A

15.C本文是一篇科普类阅读。一项新的研究显示，一种小型斐济蚂蚁比我们早了近300万年成为第一批农民。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段AnewstudyhasrevealedthatasmallFijianantspeciesbeatustobecomingthefirstfarmersbyalmostthreemillionsyears.及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述一项新的研究显示，一种小型斐济蚂蚁比我们早了近300万年成为第一批农民。故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第五段Astheplantsgrowunderthecareoftheants,theplantstokeepfurthergrowth.中的theplantstokeepfurthergrowth.（植物保持进一步生长），可以猜测出，C项对植物进行施肥是蚂蚁照料植物的一种行为。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段Ithadpreviouslybeenspottedthattheantsliketoliveinthesesmallchambers,buttheMunichresearchershaveuncoveredthetruenatureoftherelationshipthatantssowandtakecareoftheplantstogrowthemselvesanewhome.可知，慕尼黑的研究人员揭示了蚂蚁播种和照料植物以便为自己建造新家的关系的本质，从而可以推断出，蚂蚁的真正目的是为自己建立一个家。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述一项新的研究显示，一种小型斐济蚂蚁比我们早了近300万年成为第一批农民。由此可以推断出，文章可能来自于一篇科学方面的报道。故选C。19.Cultureshockisthepsychological（心理的）shockofhavingtoadapttonewenvironmentandnewcultureswhichmaybecompletelydifferentfromyourown.Tounderstandcultureshockhelpstounderstandwhatcultureis.Cultureshockiscausedbythefeelingsthatresultfromlosingallfamiliarsignsandsymbolsofsocialintercourse（交往）.Thosesignsincludethewayswithwhichwearefamiliarindailylife:Whentoshakehandsandwhattosaywhenwemeetpeople?Whenandhowtogivetips?Howtogoshopping?Whentoacceptandwhentorefuseinvitations?Thesesigns,whichmaybewords,gestures,facialexpressions,customsornormalsaregainedbyallofusinthecourseofgrowingupandareasmuchapartofourcultureasthelanguagewespeak.Duringthefirstfewweekswhenapersonentersastrangeculture,mostpeopleareattractedbythenew.Butthis“cookstour”typeofmentality（心态）doesnotnormallylastiftheforeignvisitorremainabroadandhastoseriouslydealwithrealconditionsoflife.Hemayfeelanxiousandfrustrated（受挫的）Peoplereacttothefrustrationinthesameway.Duringthefirstperiod,theyrejecttheenvironmentwhichcausesthediscomfort.“Thewaysofthehostcountryarebadbecausetheymakeusfeelbad,”theycomplainaboutthehostcountryanditspeople.Thefollowingperiodishomesickness.Thehomeenvironmentsuddenlybecomessoimportantthatalldifficultiesandproblemsareforgottenandonlythegoodthingsbackhomeareremembered.Experiencingcultureshockcanbeverydifficult.Thereisariskofsicknessoremotionalproblems.However,cultureshockcanbepartofapositivelearningexperience.Bepatient!Itisaprocessofadaptationtonewsituations.Ifyoudolikethis,youwillbeamuchstrongerperson