2022年度上海市沪新中学高二英语联考试卷含解析

2022年度上海市沪新中学高二英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,away.A.fleeingthethiefB.wasfleeingthethiefC.thethiefwasfleeingD.fledthethief参考答案：D考查倒装。away为副词在句苜引起倒装，AC排除,。flee意为“逃跑”是说一个瞬间的事，不用进行时，答案为3句意：听到狗凶猛的叫，小偷逃跑了。2.语音知识（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）以A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音完全相同的选项。announceA.absorbB.blameC.handleD.challengeexpertA.exposeB.exerciseC.excuseD.exampleunitA.unwillingB.adjustmentC.uniformD.buttonplayedA.wantedB.finishedC.watchedD.arrangedopportunityA.openingB.originalC.operateD.observe答案：1—5ABCDCMyparentsdon'tmeplayingcomputergamesinanycase.A.agreeofB.approveofC.agreetoD.approveto参考答案：BItisdifficulttoonetwinfromtheother.Theyalmostdon'tfromeachother.A.differ;distinguishB.Distinguish;differentC.distinguish;differD.tell;different参考答案：CThemanwasabouttogiveupwhenitsuddenlytohimthatthiswassomethingheshoulddo.A.happenedB.tookplaceC.occurredD.brokeout的。但是现在看来大熊猫对自己并没有自我意识，下文的例子和self-awareness给了提示，故选C。A考查动词。A.failed失败；B.ignored忽略;C.faced面对；D.conducted管理。此处指大熊猫在经典的自我意识测试中失败了，下文的测试结果给了答案。故选A.C考查动词。A.observe观察；B.discover发现；C.recognize认出;D.understand理解。此处指大熊猫不能认出镜子中的自己，表示"辨认出"，故选C。B考查动词短语。A.believein信任；B.findout查明；C.pickout挑选出;D.takein欺骗。研究者们用镜子识别测试来查明动物宝宝是否有自我意识，表示“找出，查明〃，故选B。A考查名词。A.sense感觉；B.question问题；C.opinion意见;D.thought思想。此处指自我意识的感觉,senseof...表示”感”,故选A。B考查介词。A.for为了；B.with用；C.in在里面；D.before先于。此处指动物被呈现在镜子里，用镜子呈现出来。表示“用〃，故选B。D考查连词。A.how如何；B.when何时；C.why为什么；D.whether是否。研究者通过观察看大熊猫是否能够识别出自己脸上的标记，表示“是否"，故选D。B考查形容词。A.touchable可触的:B.seeable看得见的；C.sensible敏感的；D.possible可能的。这种标记只能在镜子中看见，指看得见的，故选B。C考查动词。A.dismisses解散；B.admits承认;C.feels触摸;D.moves移动。此处指如果动物能够识别出脸上的标记，他就会经常去触摸。故选C。D考查代词。A.all全部；B.most大多数；C.one一个人；D.none一个也没有。当研究者测试大熊猫时，它们中没有一个像其他动物那样做。此处指都没有成功，故选D。C考查副词。A.Thus因此；B.However然而；C.Instead反而；D.Still仍然。此处表示和自我意识的表现相反，每个大熊猫都认为镜子里是另外一只大熊猫。故选C。B考查名词。A.reaction反应；B.reflection反射；C.operation操作；D.imagination想象。此处指它们在镜子中的反射，指见到镜子里大熊猫反射出的行为，故选B,C考查动词。A.trapped诱捕;B.amazed使吃惊;C.threatened威胁;D.teased戏弄。大熊猫的表现似乎被镜子里看到的大熊猫威胁，根据scratchingtheirfeetandwalking16等表现可知，故选C。A考查副词。A.backwards向后;B.alone独自地;C.forwards向前；D.along一起。此处指大熊猫用爪子抓，并且向后退。根据当时情境故选A。B考查名词。A.failure失败；B.outcome结果;C.success成功；D.review回顾。这个研究结果能帮助为圈养动物设计更好的区域，表示实验结果，故选B。A考查动词。A.cause造成；B.prepare准备；C.accelerate加速;D.urge力劝。此处指圈养区域里使用的单向玻璃会造成大熊猫紧张，表示“引起，造成"，故选A。D考查名词。A.eyes眼睛；B.cages笼子;C.zoo动物园；D.glass玻璃。根据句中的onedirectionalglass可知,此处指玻璃中大熊猫自己的图像,故选D。D考查固定搭配。A.otherthan除了；B.regardlessof不顾；C.becauseof因为；D.ratherthan而不是。大熊猫会认为玻璃中自己的图像是另外的大熊猫，而不是自己。故选D。【名师点睛】完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：L侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考杳学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。.上下文对照，考杳学生捕捉关键词的能力做完形境空题时，单独若一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注克句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照,即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词.小题3考杏形容词.A・shy害羞的；B.fond喜欢的；C.conscious意识到的；D.confident自信的,但是现在看来大蕉猫对自己并没有自我意识，下文的例子和sclf-a.arcncss给了提示，故选C.小题15老古动词,A.trapped透捕；B.amazed使吃惊；C.threatened威胁；D.teased戏弄.大能猫的表现似乎被镜子里看到的大熊猫威胁,根据scratchingtheirfeetandwalking_16_.等表现可知，故选C.小题19考杏名词。A.eyes眼睛；B.cages笼子；C.zoo动物园；D.glass玻璃，根据句中的onc-dircciionalglacs可知此处指玻璃中大熊猫自己的图像，故选D..设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如小题16考查副词。A.backwards向后;B.alone独自地;C.forwards向前；D.along一起。此处指大熊猫用爪子抓，并且向后退。根据当时情境，故选A..结合生活，考查学生利用常识的能力目的考查学生的生活常识，看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如小题2考查副词。A.widely广泛地;B.popularly流行地；C.especially特别地；D.completely完全地。此处指大熊猫宝宝的照片就会广泛流传，根据常识可知，大熊猫宝宝出世都很轰动，照片会广为流传，故选A。.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况下，通过阅读能否理解句子与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。小题9考查连词。A.how如何；B.when何时；C.why为什么：D.whether是否。研究者通过观察看大熊猫是否能够识别出自己脸上的标记，表示“是否"，故选D。三、阅读理解Thereissomeunwelcomenewsforstudentspreparingforexamsandofficersputtinginlonghours—youdon'tneedthat“refreshment（提神）break"asmuchasyoumaythink.Scientistsbelieveditwasnoteasyforpeopletocontinuetheirworkiftheyfelttheneedtohaveasnackoraresttomakethemfeelbetter.Theyarguedthattheonlywaytoregainwillpowerisbysupplyingmoreenergytoourbodieswithrest,foodorentertainment.Butpsychologistshavechallengedthistheory,sayingweakwillpowerisinyourhead.Theyfoundthataperson'smindset（理念）andbeliefaboutwillpowerdeterminehowlongandhowwelltheyllbeabletoworkonatoughmentalexercise.z/lfyouthinkofw川powerassomethingthat'slimited,you'remorelikelytobetiredwhenyouperformadifficulttask,“saidProfessorVeronikaJob."Butifyouthinkofwillpowerassomethingthatisnoteasilydepleted,youcangoonandon.”TheresearchersledbyMr.Jobdesignedanexperimenttotestthestudents*beliefsaboutwillpower.Afteratiringtaskthosewhobelievedorwereledtobelievethatwillpowerwasalimitedresourceperformedworseonstandardconcentrationteststhanthosewhothoughtofwillpowerassomethingtheyhadmorecontrolover.Mr.Jobsaid,“Studentswhomayalreadyhavetroublestudyingarebeingtoldthattheirpowersofconcentrationarelimited,andtheyneedtotakefrequentbreaks.Butabeliefinwillpowerasanon-limitedresourcemakespeoplestrongerintheirabilitytoworkthroughchallenges."Thefindingscouldhelppeoplewhoarebattlingwithtemptation（诱惑）:peoplefollowingstrictdietsanddoingexerciseregularlytoloseweight,peopletryingtoovercomeaddictions,employeesfacingatightdeadline.Willpowerisn^drivenbyabiologicallybasedprocessasmuchasweusedtothink.Whatopiniondidscientistshaveinthepast?Willpowerwasalimitedresource.Itwashardtoregainwillpower.Hardworkingpeopleseldomtookbreaks.Peoplecouldeasilyfeeltiredwhenworking.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“depleted“inparagraph3?A.Givenup.B.Recovered.C.Usedup.D.Changed.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsoftheexperiment?Studentsbenefitmostfromtheresearch.Frequentbreaksarenotgoodforlearning.Willpowercanberegainedafterpeoplehaveagoodrest.Thebeliefinwillpowercanchangeaman'sbehaviour.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?Toexplainthepowerofwillpower.Toshowushowtobuildwillpower.Totellusthewaysofgainingwillpower.Tointroduceanewtheoryonwillpower.参考答案：12.A13.C14.D15.D本文是一篇说明文，以前人们认为意志力的来源是有限的，心理学家意志力的有了新的理论，认为意志力存在人脑中，对我们的行为能够产生很大的影响。[12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句"Theyarguedthattheonlywaytoregainwillpowerisbysupplyingmoreenergytoourbodieswithrest,foodorentertainment.”可知他们认为得至U意志力的唯一方法是用休息、食物和娱乐。句中“only〃强调意志力的来源是有限的。故A项正确。【13题详解】猜测词义题。根据前句"Ifyouthinkofwillpowerassomethingthafslimited,you'remorelikelytobetiredwhenyouperformadifficulttask”可知如果你认为意志力是有限的东西,在完成困难的任务时，你更可能会疲惫；本句中的but是关键词，如果你认为意志力很难被耗尽，那么你就可以继续下去。使用本句这的deplete意为“useup”，故C项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"Theyfoundthataperson'sm/力dset（理创andbeliefaboutwillpowerdeterminehowlongandhowwellthey'llbeabletoworkonatoughmentalexercise.〃可知研究人员发现意志力能够决定人们做一项艰难的任务的时间和结果。也就是说意志力能够影响人们的行为。故D项正确。【15题详解】主旨大意题。作者在第二段里介绍了以前人们对意志力的看法，第三段第一句“Butpsychologistshavechallengedthistheory,sayingweakwillpowerisinyourhead.”告诉我们心理学家有「新的观点，下文主要介绍了关于意志力的新的发现。所以本文介绍了关于意志力的一种新的理论。故D项正确。参考答案：C略.TotellyouthetruthjthinkitisyouTim,toblameA.morethan,whoisB.ratherthan,thatareC.otherthan,thatisD.lessthan,whichare参考答案：B略Inconsideringmenforjobsinourfirm,wegivetothosewithsomeexperience.A.privilegeB.adviceC.prizeD.preference参考答案：D—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needn'tdoB.needn'thavedoneC.mustn'tdoD.shouldn'thavedone参考答案：BThetwobrothersdecidedtogoonvoyageacrossAtlanticOceanontheirself-madeship.A.a;/B.the;theC.the;/D.a;the参考答案：DTheU.S.officialsaidNorthKoreaandTranshouldfollowinthestepsofLibya,whichlastDecembersaiditwouldworktoallowinternationalweaponsinspectorstodotheirwork.

A.unconditionallyB.unwillinglyC.unfortunatelyD.uncomfortably参考答案：A略一Whynotjointhefootballclub?—Fdloveto,butI,mafraiditwilltoomuchofmytime.A.takeupB.makeupC.holdupD.pickup参考答案：A略Jessicahasalwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn'tmatterthatshe'stalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom参考答案：B—John,1knownothingaboutplayingtennis.1wonderifyoucouldteachme.—.Justnametheday.A.I'mgladB.GoaheadC.IfyouwantitD.Withpleasure参考答案：DAthiefwhobrokeintoachurchwascaughtbecausetracesofwax,foundonhisclothes,fromthesortofcandlesusedonlyinchurches.A.hadcomeB.comingC.comeD.thatcame参考答案：A.hadcomeB.comingC.comeD.thatcameA35.alltherequiredpapers,hedidn'tanswerthequestionsfluentlyinclass.A.HavingnotreadB.NothavingreadC.NotreadD.Nottoread参考答案：B略Themanstandingonthedeskheldtheviewhewasright.A.whatB.howC.whichD.that参考答案：d略Itsreportedthatcustomerscouldstartusingtheirphonestobuycoffeeinsomestores,whichisfirstpay-by-phonepracticeintheUSA.A.a;theB./;/C.a;/D.the;the参考答案：AKitemadeofpapereasilyintheweatherwithrainandstrongwindinthesky.A.istornB.tearsC.isbeingtornD.tear参考答案：B二、完型填空IgrewupinatinyBaltimorerowhouseinafarawaymountainarea.Myparents49thenecessitiesoflife50theycouldn'tgivemuchmore.IfIaskedmyfather51apairofjeans,hewouldsay,“Ifyouwantthem,makethemoneyandbuy

them52"Hewasnotbeing53;hejustcouldn'taffordthem.Fromage12on,Ididparttimejobsafterschool.WhenI54fromhighschool,Ijoinedthenavy.SoonIwasinabootcampatParrisIsland,S.C.,whereIlearnedthatlifeinthenavycenteredaroundcompletingdaily55.Thesecouldbeanythingfromcleaningthecamptoconductingmock（模拟的）battles.Completingthesetaskssuccessfully56discipline,team-workandresponsibility.Itdidn't57whetheryouwereblack,whiteorAsian;everyoneworkedtogetherforthe58ofthecompany.Iwent59tograduatefromtheU.S.NavalAcademyandlaterbecameanofficerinthenavy.ThepartofmyjobI60mostwasthecounseling（咨询）meetingI61withthefamilymembersofthemenandwomeninmy62,tryingtohelpthemdealwiththelongperiodsof63.Theseprovedpopularandwordofthemspread.64,Iwasbeingaskedtogiveencouraging65tobusinessgroups,educatorsandkidsacrossthecountry.ButIconsiderthebootcampmyfirstreal66,andmylifeisstillguidedbythe67lessonsIlearnedthere.Ittaughtmediscipline,friendshipandthepriderelatedto57.A.matter57.A.matter57.A.matterB.meanC.existD.met57.A.matterB.meanC.existsettingataskeverydayandworkinghardto68it.49.A.providedB.gotC.madeD.bought50.A.whileB.butC.soD.or51.A.aboutB.withC.forD.of52.A.themselvesB.ourselvesC.yourselfD.myself53.A.richB.cheerfulC.powerfulD.mean54.A.cameB.returnedC.escapedD.graduated55.A.battlesB.tasksC.exercisesD.reports56.A.includedB.askedC.required

D.work58.A.goodB.richC.restD.right59.A.outB.onC.awayD.off60.A.tookB.hatedC.enjoyedD.did61.A.endedB.beganC.continuedD.held62.A.chargeB.situationC.positionD.choice63.A.lessonsB.meetingC.trainingD.separation64.A.SincethenB.BeforelongC.AsusualD.Onceagain65.A.performancesB.descriptionsC.speechesD.gifts66.A.vacationB.placeC.jobD.travel67.A.importantB.bitterC.normalD.difficult68.A.gainB.achieveC.showD.match参考答案:ABCCDDBCAABCDADBCCABA由前文的rowhouse可知自己家里很穷，父母只能满足他们对生活必需品的要求，因此此处用provided,意思是：提供。B由前文句意可知,此处所填词表转折，选B。Casksbforsth意思是：向某人要某物。C本句意思是：如果你想要，你就自己去赚钱买。选C。Dafford：买得起,负担得起。D本句意思是：当我从中学毕业，选D。B由后文的completingthesetasks可知本题选B。本句意思是:在那里（新兵训练营）,我了解到我们的中心任务是要完成每天的任务。C句子意思是：要成功地完成这些任务需要守纪、合作和责任感。所填词意思是：要求，选CoA根据句意，所填词意思是：在乎，关系，用matter。A本句意思是：每个人都为公司的利益一起努力。Bgoon：继续。C根据句意，所填词意思是：享受，选C。D所填词作定语从句的谓语，意思是：召开，用hed,A所填词意思是：负责，管，用charge。D本句意思是：尽力帮助他们应付长期的分居。B所填词作句子时间状语，意思是：不久以后，选B。Cgiveaspeech意思是：作报告，作演讲。C句子意思是：我把新兵营的训练当做我的第一份真正的工作。A本句意思是：我的生活仍然受到在那里学到的重要知识的指导。Bachieve,完成。意思是：新兵营教会了我守纪、友爱，让我感受到了每天设定任务并努力完成的自豪感。【备注】文章作者主要介绍自己年轻时的经历给以后的工作带来的好处。具体内容是：作者出生于•个贫苦家庭，儿时父母对他的•些基本的要求都难以满足，但这却锻炼了自己坚强不屈的性格。后来作者成为美国海军一员，在新兵训练营里，他明白了守纪、友爱和成功的意义，使得自己在以后的生活和工作中受益无穷。.Wehaveallheardofgiantpandas,andknowthattheyareendangered.Whenonehasbabies,itmakesnationalnews16andpicturesoftheirbabiesare17circulated.Butitnowseemsthatthegiantpandaisnot18ofitself.Thelovelyanimalshave19aclassictestofself-awareness.Theycannot20themselvesinthemirror.Researchersusethemirrorrecognitiontestto21whetherchildrenoranimalshavea22ofself-awareness.Inthetest,ananimalispresented23amirror.Researchersthenwatchtoseeitnoticesamarkonitsface,whichisonly25inthemirror.Iftheanimalnoticesthemark,itoften26it.Humanchildrenoftenpassthetestwhentheyareonlytwoyearsold.Manyotheranimalshavepassedthemirrortest,includingmonkeys,Asianelephantsandevenpigeons.Butwhenresearcherstestedpandas,27ofthemdidthesamethingasthoseanimalsdid.28,eachpandabehavedasiftheir29inthemirrorwasanotherpandaaltogether.Theyactedasiftheywere30bywhattheysawinthemirror,scratchingtheirfeetandwalking31The32ofthisresearchwillhelpdesignbetterareasfo