2019届甘肃省兰州市高三二诊英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第20页/共20页2019年兰州市高三二诊英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AMoviesnottomissIn2018,towhichwasjustsaidgoodbye,we’veseensomegoodfilmssuchasBlackPanther,CrazyRichAsiansandAStarIsBorn.Andtherearemoreexcitingmoviesintheworksfor2019.Spider-man:FarFromHome,July5,USTomHolland,theleadactorof2017’sSpider-Man:Homecoming,returnstoplayPeterParker,ahighschoolstudentwhogainssuperpowersafterbeingbittenbyaspider.Whenweseehimagainintheaters,Spider-Manwillhaveanewred-and-blacksuit.Themoviewilltakethefamouswall-crawleronaglobaladventureoutsideoftheUS.AccordingtoMarvelStudiosPresidentKevinFeige,Spider-Manwilltryareturntohis“normal”self;hewilltrytofindhisoldpowersonhisnewjourney.DirectedBy:JonWattsRuntime:100minutesStudio:ColumbiaPicturesTheLionKing,July19,USThisisabrand-newversionoftheclassicchildren’sfilm.Thestoryofwide-eyedyounglionSimbastillremainsinheartsofworldaudiencesevenafter25years.Inthisre-telling,SimbaagainbeginsthedifficultjourneytobecometheKingofthePrideLands,avastAfricagrassland.ThefavoritepartofthestoryformanyhasalwaysbeenthefriendshipbetweenSimbaTimonandPumbaa,ThelasttwosacrificealltheyhavetohelpSimbatohisthrone(王座).Howwillthenewmoviere-imaginetheirfamousrelationship?DirectedBy:JonFavreauRuntime:98minutesStudio:WaltDisneyPicturesHobbsandShaw,August2,USTomostpeopletheFastandFuriousseriesisallaboutcrazydriversracinginsportscars.Butinitsspin-off(外传),calledHobbsandShaw,humorisaddedtotheaction-packedthrills.ThenewfilmwillhitUStheatersonAugust2.FamousEnglishactionmovieactorJasonStathamwillstaralongsideDwayneJohnson,“TheRock”,asDeckardShawandLukeHobbsrespectively,asintheirpreviousappearancesinFastandFuriousfilms.DirectedBy:DavidLeitchRuntime:120minutesStudio:UniversalPicturesArctic,September1,USInthemovieArctic,amantrappedintheArcticisfinallyabouttoreceivehislongawaitedrescue.However,afteratragicaccident,hisopportunityislost.Hemustthendecidewhethertoremainintherelativesafetyofhiscamportotryhisbesttosavehimself.DirectedBy:JoePennaRuntime:95minutesStudio:BleeckerStreet1.WhichmoviewasdirectedbyJonWatts?A.Arctic. B.TheLionKing.C.HobbsandShaw. D.Spider-man,FarFromHome.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheLionKing?A.Itlasts120minutes. B.ItwasshotintheArctic.C.suitableforchildren. D.Ithastwofamousactionmoviestars.3.WhencanyouwatchamoviemadebyUniversalPictures?AOnJuly5. B.OnAugust2. C.OnJuly19. D.OnSeptember1.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2019年几部不能错过的电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Spider-man:FarFromHome”部分中“DirectedBy:JonWatts(导演：乔恩·沃茨)”可知，Spider-man:FarFromHome的导演是JonWatts。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheLionKing部分中“Thisisabrand-newversionoftheclassicchildren’sfilm.(这是一部全新版本的经典儿童电影)”可知，这部电影是专门为儿童制作的。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据HobbsandShaw,August2,US部分中“Studio:UniversalPictures(制片公司：环球影业)”可知，环球影业制片公司所制作的电影是8月2日上映。故选B。BInthepastdecade,theuseofsocialmediahasgrowninawaythatnoonecouldhaveguessed.Ithasturnedsometeenagersintocelebritiesandturnedthefamousintotheinfamous,overnight.Akeyfeatureofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility.Trendscomeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.So,whatwerethekeysocialmediatrendsof2018?ShortvideoappssuchasTikTokanditsChineseequivalent(等同物)Douyin,tooktheworldbystorm.TheTelegraphreportedthatTikTokwasranked8thonApple'sAppstoreinApril.AndDouyinhadmorethan300milliondomesticmonthlyactiveusersinJuneathome,CNBCsaid.Whyaretheseshortvideos—whicharerarelylongerthanafewminutes—sopopular?JiangYige,Singapore­basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory.“Shortvideosarejustrighttofillinthelittlegapsinourbusyschedules，”hetoldCNBC.Thesevideos—apartfrombeingveryconvenient—areimportanttoteenagersbecausetheyallowthemtoexpressthemselves,accordingtoTeenVogue.LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical.lywhohasover2millionfollowers,said,“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherappealingfeature.”Livestreaming(直播)isafeatureofoursocialmedialifethatnowseemsasnaturalassunrise.It'saprettyneatidea:Youcanwatchanyone,anywhere,live.However,Chinahastakenlivestreamingtoawholenewlevel.InChina,morethan100millionviewersmonthlywatchalivestreamingvideo.Forbesthoughtthatanumberoffactorshadledtothepopularityoflivestreams.Amongthemisviewers'abilitytointeractwithunknownnames.However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy.Themostbasiccontentcanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.Weusesocialmediaallthetime;thatdoesn'tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditsimpactonourminds.4.Theunderlinedword“volatility”inParagraph2possiblymeans“being________”.A.changeable B.steadyC.promising D.violent5.AccordingtoLizaKoshy,shortvideosareverypopularbecause________.A.theyareveryconvenientB.theyhelppeoplekilltimeC.theyprovideasenseofcommunityD.theyallowpeopletoexpressthemselves6.Whatdoweknowaboutsocialmedia?A.Theinformationfromsocialmediaistotallyreliable.B.Whenitcomestosocialmedia,peopleonlyknowshortvideos.C.Peoplecan'tcommunicatewitheachotherwithoutsocialmedia.D.Thereisstillmuchroomforsocialmediatomakeimprovement.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothequickdevelopmentofsocialmedia?A.Objective. B.Subjective.C.Favorable. D.Disapproving.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。在过去的十年里，社交媒体的使用以一种无人能猜到的方式增长。它把一些青少年变成了名人，一夜之间也可以让名人臭名昭著，因此社交媒体的主要特征是其波动性。社交媒体受欢迎是因为它能填补一些繁忙日程中的空白，让青少年获得归属感等，但社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用，如出现假新闻，平台上共享的材料有可能错误等，还有很大的改进空间。【4题详解】猜测词义题。划线单词所在的句子“Akeyfeatureofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility”的下一句“Trendscomeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.”新潮流层出不穷，潮流的出现和消失的速度一样快。由此可推断出，社交媒体的运用作为一种潮流，社交媒体是波动的，变化的。分析选项A.changeable易变的，可变的；B.steady稳定的；C.promising有前途的；D.violent暴力的，可知A项符合题意，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。第六段LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical.lywhohasover2millionfollowers,said,“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherappealingfeature.”可知，莉莎·科希说短视频应用程序用户获得社区感是它的另一个吸引人的功能。可知莉莎·科希认为视频非常受欢迎是因为它能让用户有社区的归属感。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy.Themostbasiccontentcanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.”然而，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用。假新闻是它引起的一大严重问题。在这些平台上共享的材料通常没有检查其准确性。最基本的内容可能是错误的，可能以这种或那种方式误导用户。由此判断出，社交媒体还有很大的改进空间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据本文中的“TheTelegraphreportedthat...”、“Singapore­basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory.”、“LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical.lywhohasover2millionfollowers,said,”等可知，作者引用别人的观点来说明社交媒体的益处。根据最后一段“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.”可知，然而，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用。由此可推断出，作者对社交媒体的快速发展的态度是客观的。故选A。【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。如第3小题属于推理判断题。推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy.Themostbasiccontentcanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.”然而，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用。假新闻是它引起的一大严重问题。在这些平台上共享的材料通常没有检查其准确性。最基本的内容可能是错误的，可能以这种或那种方式误导用户。由此可知，社交媒体还有很大的改进空间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。推理判断题要根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据,推论有理,忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。CAnewchapteropenedinmankind’sexplorationofthemoononThursdaymorningasthefirstprobe(探测仪)tolandonthemoon’sfarsidereacheditsdestinationaftera26-dayjourney.TheChang’e4lunarprobe,representingChina’slateststepinlunarinvestigation,landedat10:26amattheVonKarmancrater(环形山)andthensentbackthreephotosofthelandingsiteshotbycamerasontheprobe’slander(着陆器),markingtheworld’sfirstimagestakenonthesurfaceofthefarside.Oneofthephotos,publishedbytheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration,showstheplacewhereChang’e4’srover(巡视器),whichwasnamedYutu2onThursdaynight,willbeheadingtoexploreandsurvey.ThusbeganthefirstlongjourneytothesideofthemoonthatfacesawayfromtheEarth.Itismeanttofulfillscientist’slong-helddesiretocloselyobservethelesserknownregion.Tidal(潮汐的)forcesonEarthslowthemoon’srotation(自转)tothepointthatthesamewaysfacesEarth.TheothersidemostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthefarsideofthemoon.Whileithasbeenphotographedbyspacecraft,startingwithaSovietprobein1959,noprobehadevermadeasoftlandingthere,soscientistshadnotbeenabletoconductsurface-levelobservationsandsurveysoftheregion.WuWeiren,chiefdesignerofChina’slunarprogram,saidinBeijingonThursdaythatthelanding“wasperfect”.Hecalledtheevent“animportantmilestoneforChina’sspaceexploration”,addingthatithasmadeagoodstartforfuturelunarexplorationefforts.Withitsinvestigationofthefarside,particularlytheVonKarmancrater,theChang’e4missionwillenablescientiststofindoutwhattheyhaven’tknownaboutthemoonanddeepentheirknowledgeofitsearlyhistoryandofthesolarsystem.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThebasicdataoftheChang’e4lunarprobe.B.TheChang’e4’sworld-firstlandingonmoon’sfarside.C.TheChang’e4’s26-dayvisittothefarsideofthemoon.DThedescriptionofthephotostakenonthesurfaceofmoon’sfarside.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Thelander. B.Therover.C.Thefarsideofthemoon. D.TheChang’e4lunarprobe.10.Whatcanweinferfromthistext?A.Itisonlyonthemoonthatpeoplecanexplorethedeepspace.B.ThescientificinformationobtainedbyChang’e4willbenewtotheworld.C.Itisthefirsttimeforpeopletoseethepicturesofthefarsideofthemoon.D.Chinesespacetechnologyismoreadvancedthanthatofanyothercountry’s.11.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthistext?A.Tourism. B.HealthCare.C.ScienceandTechnology. D.ArtsandEntertainment.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Anewchapteropenedinmankind’sexplorationofthemoononThursdaymorningasthefirstprobe(探测仪)tolandonthemoon’sfarsidereacheditsdestinationaftera26-dayjourney.(周四上午，人类探索月球的新篇章拉开，首个在月球背面着陆的探测器在经过26天的旅程后抵达目的地。)”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆的事实。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜词题。根据第三段的“TheothersidemostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthefarsideofthemoon.(月球的另一面是月球的另一边，大部分从地球上看不到。)”以及划线词所在的句子“Whileithasbeenphotographedbyspacecraft(虽然它已经被宇宙飞船拍摄下来。)”可知，划线词it指代的是大部分从地球上看不到的月球的另一边。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“markingtheworld’sfirstimagestakenonthesurfaceofthefarside.(这是世界上第一张在月球背面拍摄的照片。)”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍摄的即嫦娥四号获得的科学信息对世界来说是全新的。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步。由此推断，文章可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选C。DForthoseofuswhoattempttokeepupwiththefashionworldtoensureourcupboardstaysfresh,therealskeletonsinourcupboardsarethosepiecesweboughtandonlyworeonceortwice-mostlyfromfollowingeachseason’snewtrends.With“fastfashion”brandslikeForever21,H&MandZara’constantoutputofnewtrendyclothingatlowprices,it’seasytofallintothetrapofbuyingclothesregardlessofwhetheryoureallyneedthem.Butunnecessarypurchasing,andthemassproductionofclothing,isn’tjusthardonourwallets-it’shardontheenvironment.Oneofthefirststepsingettingunwantedclothesoutofyourcupboardistosellorconsign(寄售)them.ButbecausepopularresaleshopslikeBuffaloExchangeandCrossroadsdon’tacceptfastfashionbrandsbecausetheydon’tprofitenoughfromthem,peopleoftenturntothrowingtheiroldclothinginthedustbins.Manyconsumersdon’trealizethatclothingandtextiles(织物)arerecyclableorhowtorecyclethem.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,theUnitedStatesgenerated16.22milliontonsofwastetextilesin2017andrecycledonly2.62milliontons.Tenandahalfmilliontonsoftextileswerefinallyburiedunderthegroundthatyear.Vetements,aParisianfashionbrandwornbycelebritieslikeKanyeWestandRihannaaimedtobringawarenesstotheproblemoffastfashionbrandsandclothingwastewitharecentWindowdisplaySaksFifthAvenueinNewYork.Thewindowcontainedagiantpileofclothes.Thepile,whichgrewdaily,wasmadeupofoldclothesdonatedbySaksemployeesandout-of-seasonitemsfromthestore.OnAug.10,theclothingfromthedisplaywasdonatedtoRewearABLE,aLongIslandrecyclingprogramthatcollectsoldclothesandtextiles,andpreparesthemforresaleorrepurposesthetextiles.12.WhatkeepscustomerscomingbacktofastfashionchainslikeForever21,H&MandZara?A.Goodshoppingenvironment.B.Discountsandpromotionalactivities.C.Warmandthoughtfulserviceofthesalesmen.D.Lowpricesandacontinuoussupplyofnewlooks.13.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“fastfashionishardontheenvironment”?A.InParagraph2. B.InParagraph3.C.InParagraph4. D.Inparagraph5.14.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthewindowdisplaycreatedbyVetements?A.Itcanhelptheenvironment. B.Itdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.C.Itcanhelpchangepeople’slives. D.Itwilltaketheleadinthelatestfashion.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.HowtoStopBuyingUnnecessaryClothesB.FastFashionBrandsSpreadAroundtheWorldC.TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofFastFashionD.FastFashionCanKillYourWalletandtheEnvironment【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了快时尚品牌加剧了衣服的废旧，同时大量的废旧衣物对环境造成了很大的影响，然而一些废旧衣物是可以重新被利用或出售的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“With“fastfashion”brandslikeForever21,H&MandZara’constantoutputofnewtrendyclothingatlowprices,it’seasytofallintothetrapofbuyingclothesregardlessofwhetheryoureallyneedthem.(随着Forever21、H&M和Zara等“快时尚”品牌不断推出新的低价潮流服装，人们很容易陷入不管是否真的需要都买衣服的陷阱。)”可知，这些快时尚品牌不断推出新的低价潮流服装而吸引顾客。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,theUnitedStatesgenerated16.22milliontonsofwastetextilesin2017andrecycledonly2.62milliontons.Tenandahalfmilliontonsoftextileswerefinallyburiedunderthegroundthatyear.(根据美国环境保护署的数据，2017年美国产生了1622万吨废旧纺织品，其中仅回收了2万吨。6200万吨。那一年，150万吨纺织品终于被埋在地下。)”可知，该段使用数据证明了废旧的衣物给环境带来的影响，此处恰恰说明了快时尚品牌加剧了衣物的废旧。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“OnAug.10,theclothingfromthedisplaywasdonatedtoRewearABLE,aLongIslandrecyclingprogramthatcollectsoldclothesandtextiles,andpreparesthemforresaleorrepurposesthetextiles.(8月10日，展出的衣服被捐赠给了RewearABLE，这是长岛的一个回收项目，收集旧衣服和纺织品，并准备转售或重新利用纺织品。)”可知，Vetements将展示的旧衣物捐赠给RewearABLE，从而可以让衣物重新出售，或者重新被利用纺织成新的纺织品。由此可以推断，这样做可以减少浪费保护环境。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了快时尚品牌加剧了衣服的废旧，同时大量的废旧衣物对环境造成了很大的影响，然而一些废旧衣物是可以重新被利用或出售的。D选项“FastFashionCanKillYourWalletandtheEnvironment(快时尚会毁掉你的钱包和环境)”概括全文。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余。Haveyoueverwonderedwhattherealmeaningofthesaying“AFriendinNeedisaFriendIndeed”is?____16____.Truefriendshipistheone,inwhichtheindividualsdonothavetomaintaingoodmannerswitheachother.Sharingtruefriendshipisthesituation,whenthepersonyouaretalkingaboutisregardedasoneamongyourfamilymembers,whentherelationyousharewithhim/herreachesastagethatevenifyoudon’tcorrespondforsometime,yourfriendshipremainsunchanged.Thetrustbetweenbestfriendsissuchthatifonefriendfallsintrouble.theotherwillnotthinktwicetohelp.Ifthebondbetweentwofriendsisstrong,truefriendscantolerateevenlongdistance.____17____.Itwouldnotaffecttheirfriendship.____18____.Theywouldfaceittogetherandsupporteachother,evenifitisagainsttheinterestsoftheotherperson.Bestfriendsdon’tanalyzeeachotherandtheydon’thavetodoso.Theyaccepteachotherwiththeirpositiveandnegativequalities.____19____.Theyknoweachother’sstrengthsaswellasweaknesses.Onewouldnotoverpowertheother.Theywouldrespecteachother’sindividuality.Infact,theywouldunderstandthesimilaritiesandrespectthedifferences.Truefriendshipismarkedbyselflessness.Bestfriendssupporteachother,evenifthewholeworldopposesthem.____20____.Ifyouhaveevenonetruefriend,consideryourselfblessed.A.TruefriendshipneverfadesawayB.NothingishiddenbetweentruefriendsC.ItisnoteasygettingtruefriendsforthelifetimeD.Forthem,geographicalseparationisjustapartoflifeE.Truefriendsdon’tdeserteachotherwhenoneisfacingtroubleF.Remember,allthebestfriendsarefriends,butnotallfriendscanbethebestfriendsG.Peopletalkaboutthetruevalueoffriendshipactuallywithoutknowingwhatitstandsfor【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.B20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了在生活中，真正的友谊不会拘泥于各种礼仪。朋友彼此间都会真诚相待，会毫不犹豫的帮助对方。【16题详解】根据空前的“Haveyoueverwonderedwhattherealmeaningofthesaying“AFriendinNeedisaFriendIndeed”is?(你有没有想过“患难见真情”这句话的真正含义是什么？)”以及空后“Truefriendshipistheone,inwhichtheindividualsdonothavetomaintaingoodmannerswitheachother.

(真正的友谊是人与人之间不必互相保持礼貌。)”可知，设空处应该说明很多人不了解什么是真正的友谊。G选项“Peopletalkaboutthetruevalueoffriendshipactuallywithoutknowingwhatitstandsfor.(人们谈论友谊的真正价值，其实并不知道它代表什么。)”承接前文，保持探讨的话题“真正的友谊”，同时引起下文即下文回答了什么是真正的友谊。符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据前文“

Ifthebondbetweentwofriendsisstrong,truefriendscantolerateevenlongdistance.

(如果两个朋友之间的联系很紧密，那么真正的朋友即使相隔很远也能忍受。)”可知，真正的友谊不会受到长远距离的影响。D选项“Forthem,geographicalseparationisjustapartoflife.(对他们来说，地理上的分离只是生活的一部分。)”中的geographicalseparation与前文呼应，指出地里分离只是生活中的一部分，不会影响到真正的友谊，符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“Theywouldfaceittogetherandsupporteachother,evenifitisagainsttheinterestsoftheotherperson.

(他们会一起面对，互相支持，即使这违背了对方的利益。)”可知，此处强调的是真正的朋友会共同面对困难并相互支持。这与E选项“Truefriendsdon’tdeserteachotherwhenoneisfacingtrouble.(真正的朋友不会在遇到困难时抛弃对方。)”相呼应。故选E。【19题详解】根据后文“Theyknoweachother’sstrengthsaswellasweaknesses.

(他们知道彼此的优点和缺点。)”可知，真正的朋友是知道彼此的优点和缺点，彼此之间坦诚相待。B选项“Nothingishiddenbetweentruefriends.(真正的朋友之间无所隐瞒。)”与后文呼应。故选B。【20题详解】根据后文的“Ifyouhaveevenonetruefriend,consideryourselfblessed.(如果你有一个真正的朋友，你就觉得自己有福了。)”可知，即使你只有一位真正的朋友，那也应该要感觉到自己是幸运的。C选项“Itisnoteasygettingtruefriendsforthelifetime.(得到真正的朋友是不容易的。)”引起下文，与下文“拥有真正的朋友则自己是幸运的”相呼应。故选C。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasakid,myparentssentmetoasummercampinNewHampshire.Atthecampwedidtonsofgreatthingslikeswimming,sportsandarchery(射箭),butforme,themostmemorable___21___wasanovernighttripofmountainclimbing.Ifyou’veever___22___amountain,youknowit’saphysicalchallenge,___23___whenyou’recarryingyourfoodandshelteronyourback.Whencampersgot___24___,theycertainlystartedcomplaining.“Howmuchfartherisit?”“Ican’tgoanyfurther.”“My___25___istooheavy.Canyoucarryitforme?”Thereplyofthe___26___was,“Suckitup(不要再抱怨了).”Thetruthisthatthecomplainingcamperswere___27___nearthepointof___28___.Iftheyhadbeen,theteacherswouldhavenoticedthe___29___andgiventhemcare.Thekidssimplyweren’tusedtothephysicalchallenge.Oncetheyrealizedtheyweren’tgettinganysympathythey____30____thediscomfort,andinmostcases____31____havingagreattime.Inmycampdays,Idon’t____32____asinglecampercomplainingatthe____33____ofthemountain.Therearetwowaystodealwithan____34____situation.Youcancomplain,oryoucanmakethebestofit.Ifyoucomplain,youmightfeellikeyou’regettingthat____35____energyout,butyouareprobablynotgoingtocauseapositivechange.It’smuchmorelikelythatyourcomplainingwillcausethe____36____ofthosearoundyou.Noonelikesacomplainer.They’re____37____andtheyhurtthegroup.Complainingmakeslife____38____foreveryone.Instead,ifyoudeterminetomasteryourown____39____,tomovepastitandfocusona____40____,it’smyexperiencethatyou’llrealizeitwasn’tbadinthefirstplace.21.A.experience B.behaviour C.occasion D.situation22.A.seen B.reached C.climbed D.described23.A.especially B.normally C.obviously D.naturally24.A.ashamed B.tired C.puzzled D.shocked25.A.food B.water C.shelter D.backpack26A.parents B.teachers C.guides D.partners27.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere28.A.camp B.exhaustion C.mountain D.destination29.A.signs B.activities C.gestures D.scenes30.A.shared B.understood C.suffered D.overcame31.A.couldn’thelp B.endedup C.insistedon D.gaveup32.A.recall B.forget C.disturb D.forgive33.A.foot B.top C.back D.base34.A.unbelievable B.unexpected C.unusual D.unpleasant35.A.great B.spare C.negative D.potential36.A.dislike B.respect C.sympathy D.enthusiasm37.A.amazing B.shocking C.worrying D.annoying38.A.poorer B.harder C.easier D.better39.A.life B.mind C.suffering D.mistake40.A.trip B.plan C.solution D.dream【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D26.B27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.A33.B34.D35.C36.A37.D38.B39.C40.C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章记叙了我小时候参加的一个夏令营的难忘经历和感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在夏令营里，我们做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、运动和射箭，但对我来说，最难忘的经历是一次夜间的登山。A.experience经历；B.behaviour行为；C.occasion场合；D.situation情况。结合语境可知，夏令营中令我最难忘的是夜间登山的经历。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你爬过山，你就会知道这是一种身体上的挑战，尤其是当你背着食物和帐篷的时候。A.seen看见；B.reached够到；C.climbed爬；D.described描述。结合前文Atthecampwedidtonsofgreatthingslikeswimming,sportsandarchery(射箭),butforme,themostmemorable___1___wasanovernighttripofmountainclimbing.在夏令营里，我们做了很多有趣的事情，比如游泳、运动和射箭，但对我来说，最难忘的经历是一次夜间的登山。可知，此处作者的假设是如果你也爬过山。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你爬过山，你就会知道这是一种身体上的挑战，特别是当你背着食物和帐篷的时候。A.especially特别地；B.normally通常地；C.obviously显然地；D.naturally自然地。结合前文youknowit’saphysicalchallenge爬山是身体上的挑战，特别是背着食物和帐篷时。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当营员们累了的时候，他们开始抱怨了。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.tired疲倦的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.shocked震惊的。结合后文theycertainlystartedcomplaining.他们开始抱怨了，推测是因为太累了才开始抱怨。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的背包太重了。A.food食物；B.water水；C.shelter住所；D.backpack背包。结合前文whenyou’recarryingyourfoodandshelteronyourback.可知，孩子们的背包很重，背了食物和帐篷。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们的答复是“不要再抱怨了”。A.parents父母；B.teachers老师；C.guides导游；D.partners合作伙伴。结合后文Iftheyhadbeen,theteacherswouldhavenoticedthe___9___andgiventhemcare.如果是的话，老师们会注意到这些迹象并给予他们关怀。可知，带我们夜间爬山的是老师，因此此处也是老师给孩子的答复。故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，抱怨的营员们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。A.somewhere哪里；B.anywhere任何地方；C.nowhere无处；D.everywhere到处。结合后文Iftheyhadbeen,theteacherswouldhavenoticedthe___9___andgiventhemcare.可知，如果孩子们真的筋疲力尽，老师们会注意到并且给予他们关怀，而事实是孩子们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，抱怨的营员们还远未到筋疲力尽的地步。A.camp营地；B.exhaustion精疲力尽；C.mountain山；D.destination目的地。结合前文Whencampersgottired,theycertainlystartedcomplaining.孩子们虽然累了，但是远未到筋疲力尽的地步。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果是的话，老师们会注意到这些迹象并给予他们关怀。A.signs迹象；B.activities活动；C.gestures手势；D.scenes场景。结合后文andgiventhemcare.可知，老师给予他们关怀是因为老师注意到了他们筋疲力尽的迹象。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们意识到自己没得到了同情，他们就克服了不适，在大多数情况下，最后会有一段好的体验。A.shared分享；B.understood理解；C.suffered痛苦；D.overcame战胜。结合后文Inmycampdays,Idon’t___12___asinglecampercomplainingatthe___13___ofthemountain.大家都到了山顶上，并且没有一个人抱怨。可知，一旦没有得到同情，他们就自己克服了不适感，并且最后都到了山顶上。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦他们意识到自己没得到了同情，他们就克服了不适，在大多数情况下，最后会有一段好的体验。A.couldn’thelp忍不住做；B.endedup最后；C.insistedon坚持；D.gaveup放弃。结合前文theyovercamethediscomfort可知，他们克服了不适，最后一定会有一段美好的体验。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我露营的日子里，我不记得有任何一个营员在山顶抱怨。A.recall回忆；B.forget忘记；C.disturb打扰；D.forgive原谅。结合语境，我不记得有任何一个人在山顶上抱怨。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我露营的日子里，我不记得有任何一个营员在山顶抱怨。A.foot脚；B.top顶；C.back背；D.base基底。结合语境可知，最后所有人到了山顶上。故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有两种方法可以处理不愉快的情况。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.unexpected出乎意料的；C.unusual不同寻常的；D.unpleasant令人不愉快的。结合前文的爬山经历可知，两种方法解决的是令人不愉快的情况。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你抱怨话，你可能会觉得你正在释放消极的能量，但你可能不会引起积极的变化。A.great好的；B.spare空闲的；C.negative消极的；D.potential潜在的。结合后文butyouareprobablynotgoingtocauseapositivechange.但你可能不会引起积极的变化。根据连词but可知，前后有转折含义，因此前文应该是如果抱怨的话，很可能会释放消极的能量。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的抱怨很有可能引起周围人的反感。A.dislike厌恶，反感；B.respect尊敬；C.sympathy同情；D.enthusiasm热情。结合后文Noonelikesacomplainer.没有人喜欢抱怨者。可知，如果老是抱怨可能引起周围人的反感。故选A项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很烦人，并且伤害了整个组织。A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.shocking震惊的；C.worrying担心的；D.annoying烦人的。结合前文Noonelikesacomplainer.没有人喜欢抱怨者。可知，因为他们很烦人。故选D项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抱怨使每个人的生活都更艰难。A.poorer更穷的；B.harder更难的；C.easier更容易的；D.better更好的。结合语境可知，抱怨会使得生活变得更加艰难。故选B项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果你决定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力转移到解决方案上，我的经验是，你会意识到它一开始就不坏。A.life生活；B.mind思想；C.suffering痛苦；D.mistake错误。结合前文Therearetwowaystodealwithan___14___situation.处理的是令人不愉快的情况，是使人感到痛苦的。故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果你决定控制自己的痛苦，把注意力转移到解决方案上，我的经验是，你会意识到它一开始就不坏。A.trip旅行；B.plan计划；C.solution解决方案；D.dream梦想。结合全文，作者告诉我们面对困难不要抱怨，而是要努力寻找解决方案来解决眼前的困难。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China,whichisproudofitsgreatinventionsinancienttimes,hasonceagainshownitsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“newfourgreatinventions”:high-speedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshopping.Thefourinnovative(创新的)waysoflifeweremostappealingtoyouthsfrom20countries____41____(participate)intheBeltandRoadInitiative,accordingtoasurveybytheBeltandRoadResearchInstituteofBeijingForeignStudies.“The‘newfourgreatinventions’areall____42____(relate)toChina’shigh-techinnovation,____43____improvedthequalityofpeople’slives,”saidWuHao,executivedirectoroftheBRRI.Asahugefanofbicycles,BerhardSchwartlander,WorldHealthOrganizationRepresentativeinChina,____44____(express)